高三英語(yǔ)二輪語(yǔ)法專題學(xué)案：狀語(yǔ)從句

專題9：狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句:when,whenever,since,after,as,while,before,assoonas,till,until,oncenosooner...than,hardly/scarcely...when,themoment,theinstant,theminute,thefirsttime,eachtime,everytime,immediately,instantly地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句:where,wherever原因狀語(yǔ)從句:because,since,as,nowthat結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句:sothat,so...that,such...that條件狀語(yǔ)從句:if,unless,as/solongas,onconditionthat,incase,suppose/supposingthat,provided/providingthat方式狀語(yǔ)從句:as,(just)as...so,asif,asthough讓步狀語(yǔ)從句:though,although,as,whether,evenif.eventhough,while,however/whatever!whoever=nomatterhow/what/who比較狀語(yǔ)從句:as...as,than,notas/so...as目的狀語(yǔ)從句:sothat,inorderthat,forfearthat,incase一、分類詳解種類從屬連詞例句說(shuō)明時(shí)間狀從WhenwheneverWhenIcameintotheroom,hewaswritingaletter.Weshallgotherewheneverwearefree.when指的是“某一具體的時(shí)間”whenever指的是“在任何時(shí)間”whenIwaswalkingalongthestreetwhensuddenlysomeonepattedmeontheshoulderfrombehind.whileWhileitwasraining,theywentout.Istayedwhilehewasaway.asHehurriedhome,lookingbehindashewent.as引導(dǎo)持續(xù)性動(dòng)作，強(qiáng)調(diào)主句和從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生beforeBeapupilbeforeyoubecomeateacher.afterHearrivedafterthegamestarted.tillWewaitedtill(until)hecameback.我們一直等到他回來(lái)。如主句動(dòng)詞是持續(xù)性動(dòng)作，常用肯定式，表示“直到…為止”untilShedidn’tstopworkinguntileleveno’clock.Untilhehadpassedoutofsight,shestoodthere.如主句動(dòng)詞是瞬間動(dòng)詞，常用否定式，表示“直…才”“在…以前不”,從句放在句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，一般用untilsinceGreatchangeshavetakenplaceinChinasince1978.assoonasthemomenttheinstanttheminuteimmediatelyinstantly一...就Hardly..whennosooner…thanIhadhardlygothomewhenitbegantorain.=HardlyhadIgothomewhenitbegantorain.Nosoonerhadwegottothestationthanthetrainleft.:Hardlyhadwebegunwhenweweretoldtostop.everytime,eachtime,thefirsttime等EverytimeItravelledbyboat,Igotseasick.ThemomentIheardthesong,Ifeltcheerful.Nexttimeyoucome,you’llseehim.在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中，不能用將來(lái)時(shí)或過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，而要用現(xiàn)在時(shí)或過(guò)去時(shí)代替將來(lái)時(shí)地點(diǎn)狀從wherewhereverWherethereisawill,thereisaway.Wherethereiswaterthereislife.Youarefreetogowhereveryoulike.Whereveryougo,youmustobeythelaw.where與wherever意義基本相同，但后者語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng)，多用于書面語(yǔ)原因狀從becauseIcamebacklateyesterdaybecauseIwasonduty.because用來(lái)回答why的問(wèn)題，語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)sinceSinceeveryoneishere,let’sbeginourmeeting.since表示既然或全已知的理即可表明的原因,多放句首asAshedidn’tknowmuchEnglish,helookedupthewordinthedictionary.從句常放在句首，說(shuō)明原因，主句說(shuō)明結(jié)果，常用于口語(yǔ)中。nowthat,seeingthatNow(that)theweatherhasclearedup,wecanstartourjourney.Seeing(that)hewasbadlyill,wesentforthedoctor.seeing(that),nowthat和since,as意義相似，他們都有“鑒于某個(gè)事實(shí)”的意思，that可以省去目的狀從sothatinorderthatlest=forfearthatWe’lltellyouthetruthsothatyoucanjudgeforyourself.Theyworkedharderthanusualinorderthattheycouldfinishtheworkaheadoftime.Putonmoreclotheslest(=forfearthat)youshouldcatchcold.目的狀語(yǔ)從句中常用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞may(might)can(could),should等放在動(dòng)詞之前，從句往往放在主句之后，主從句之間不用任何標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)結(jié)果狀從sothatso…thatWeturneduptheradio,sothateveryoneheardthenews.Hewassoexcitedthathecouldn’tsayaword.sothat前有逗號(hào)為結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句so…that的so后面跟形容詞或副詞such…thatHegavesuchimportantreasonsthathewasexcused.Itissuchaninterestingnovelthatallofuswanttoreadit.Itissointerestinganovelthatallofuswanttoreadit.such…that的such后面跟名詞，如果名詞是單數(shù)就要用sucha/an…that還可以轉(zhuǎn)換用so…that，語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng)條件狀從ifunlessas/solongasincaseWeshallgotheretomorrowunlessitrains.=Weshallgotheretomorrowifitdoesn’train.So/Aslongasyouworkhard,youwillsucceed.IncaseIforget,pleaseremindmeaboutit.unless從句的謂語(yǔ)只能用肯定式。unless和if…not同義，unless是書面語(yǔ)，if…not是口語(yǔ)，通常二者可以換用條件狀語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)一般要用現(xiàn)在時(shí)或過(guò)去時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)或過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)方式狀從asasif…asthoughDoasyouaretold.Heactedasif(though)nothinghadhappened.Theytreattheblackboyasif(though)hewereananimal.此處as譯為：按照或正如asif或asthough的意義和用法基本一樣。從句中可以用現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示可能符合事實(shí)，也可以用虛擬語(yǔ)氣讓步狀從althoughthoughAlthough(Though)hewasoversixty,(yet)hebegantolearnFrench.Wewerenottiredthough(although)wehadworkedallday.在句子中一般用了“雖然”就不能再用“但是”（but）但可以與yet或still連用。though/although意義相同，用法基本一樣，前者通俗，口語(yǔ)化，后者正式多放主句的前面evenif,eventhoughI’llgoevenif(though)itrainstomorrow.evenif和eventhough的意思為“即使”“縱使”有退一步設(shè)想的意味，多用于書面語(yǔ)中asChildasheis,heknowsalot.Coldasitis,(=Thoughitiscold,)thechildrenplayoutdoors.as引出的狀語(yǔ)從句多用于書面語(yǔ)，它比用though或although引導(dǎo)的從句，語(yǔ)氣強(qiáng)，更有表現(xiàn)力，從句常放在句首，語(yǔ)序部分倒裝。nomatter(who,whatwhen,wherewhich,how…)Doitnomatterwhatotherssay.Nomatterhowbusyhewas,hestudiedEnglisheveryday.Nomatterwhotakesupthematterforme,Ishallbeverygrateful.nomatter……與who-ever引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句意義基本一樣，nomatter……引導(dǎo)的從句可是以位于主句前或主句后wh+ever(whateverwhoever,wheneverwhichever,however)Whateverhappens/mayhappen,weshallnotloseheart.Whoevercomes,hewillbewelcome.比較狀從as…as,notso/as…asthesame…assuch…asMaryisasoldasmysister.Hedoesn’trunso(as)fastasJack(does).Hisbookisthesameasmine.HenryisnotsuchagoodworkerasPeter.連詞表示同程度級(jí)的比較，肯定句用as…as否定句可用notas…as或notso…as…than…Shehasmadegreaterprogressthisyearthanshedidlastyear.themore…themore…Themoreyouread,thebetteryouunderstand.Themoreticketsyousell,themoremoneyyouwillget.Theharderyouwork,thegreaterprogressyouwillmake.Thesooner,thebetter.Thewarmer,thebetter.themore…themore意思為越…越…，通常的語(yǔ)序?yàn)閺木湓谇爸骶湓诤?，這兩個(gè)the都是表示程度的副詞，用在比較級(jí)的形容詞或副詞前面二、句子填空1._______wedon'tstopclimatechange,manyanimalsandplantsintheworldwillbegone.2.Let’snotpickthesepeachesuntilthisweekendso_______theygetsweetenoughtobeeaten.3.______birdsusetheirfeathersforflight,someoftheirfeathersareforotherpurposes.4.lfyoudon'tunderstandsomething,youmayresearch,study,andtalktootherpeople___youfigureitout.5._______onlineshoppinghaschangedourlife,notallofitseffectshavebeenpositive.6.Ireallyenjoylisteningtomusic______ithelpsmerelaxandtakesmymindawayfromothercaresoftheday.7._______theaverageageofthepopulationincreases,therearemoreandmoreoldpeopletocarefor.8Just____asinglewordcanchangethemeaningofasentence,asinglesentencecanchangethemeaningofaparagraph.9._______thedamageisdone,itwilltakemanyyearsforthefarmlandtorecover.10.Itissocoldthatyoucan'tgooutside_________fullycoveredinthickclothes.11.Weneedtogettotherootoftheproblem_______wecansolveit.12.________scientistshavelearnedalotabouttheuniverse,thereismuchwestilldon'tknow.13.______heoncefeltlikegivingup,henowhasthedeterminationtopushfurtherandkeepongoing.14.______theiobtakesasignificantamountoftime,moststudentsagreethattheexperienceisworthit.15.lbelieveyouwillhaveawonderfultimehere_____yougettoknoweveryoneelse.16.Thereisonlyonemoredaytogo_______yourfavoritemusicgroupplaylive.17.lfyoumissthischance,itmaybeyears________yougetanotherone.18.Themeaningoftheword"nice"changedafewtimes_______itfinallycametoincludethesense"pleasant".19.Youwillnevergainsuccess______youarefullydevotedtoyourwork.20.Theyoungcouple,whoreturnedmylostwallet,left______Icouldaskfortheirnames.21.ltwasthemiddleofthenight_______myfatherwokemeupandtoldmetowatchthefootballgame.22.lt'smucheasiertomakefriendsyouhavesimilarinterests.23.Hesmiledpolitely________Maryapologizedforherdrunkenfriends.24.MarkneedstolearnChinese__________hiscompanyisopeningabranchinBeijing.25.Youmustlearntoconsultyourfeelingsandyourreason______youreachanydecision.26.Shesaysthatshe'llhavetoclosetheshop________businessimproves.27.Ihaveheardalotofgoodthingsaboutyou_________Icamebackfromabroad28.Ihadhardlygottotheoffice________mywifephonedmetogobackhomeatonce.29.Everythingwasplacedexactly________hewanteditforthegraduationceremony.30.________hardyoutry,itisdifficulttoloseweightwithoutcuttingdowntheamountyoueat.31.Anumberofhighbuildingshavearisen_______therewasnothingayearagobutruins.32.Hot________thenightairwas,wesleptdeeplybecauseweweresotiredafterthelongjourney.33.lfyouhappentogetlostinthewild,you'dbetterstay_______youareandwaitforhelp.34.Mankindmustfirstofalleat,drink,haveshelterandclothing_____itcanpursuepolitics,scienceartandreligion.35.Hehasn'tgotanyhobbies--______youcallwatchingTVahobby.36.Motheroftenremindsmethatthebestthingonecando________itisrainingistoletitrain.37.lttookwhatseemedtobeyears______theactressfinallyturnedup,whichmadethejournalistsaswellasaudiencesdisappointedandangry.三、語(yǔ)篇填空MyclassmateMichaelstudiedveryhard___1____hewenttoseniorschool.Everydayhestudied___2____everyoneelseinmyclasslefttheclassroom.Hesaidhewouldn'tstoptrying___3__hegotsatisfyingscoresinhisstudies.Hard__4__hetried,hemadelittleprogress,buthedidn'tloseheartatall___5___hebelievedaslongashepersistedhewouldsucceedoneday.__6_timewentby,hemadeimprovementsinhisstudiesandhewasadmittedtoauniversityinBeijingatlast.Wehadaget-togetherparty___7__westartedournewlifeatuniversity.Everyonehadgotoffersfromuniversities,___8_wehadaverygoodtime.Whenwestooo9weusedtoplayandstudy,wecouldn'thelpthinkingofourhappyolddays.Webelievedwewouldneverforaeteachother,_____10__wewouldgoorwhateverwewoulddo.四、將下列句子按要求翻譯成英語(yǔ)。1他匆匆忙忙回家去，一邊走一邊回頭看。2.隨著時(shí)間的推移，天氣變得越來(lái)越暖和了。3-聽到那個(gè)聲音，我就知道我父親來(lái)了。4.那男孩一見到他媽媽便突然哭起來(lái)了。5我沒(méi)來(lái)及說(shuō)什么，他已經(jīng)邁著輕盈的步伐沖出去和Jane一起玩了。6.我知道此刻我應(yīng)該放下手頭的工作立刻去，當(dāng)bibbibs還能讓她感到好奇，當(dāng)我的女孩還會(huì)認(rèn)為與爸爸散步是一件無(wú)與倫比的禮物的時(shí)候。7.過(guò)了好像好幾個(gè)世紀(jì)，直升飛機(jī)最終在他們頭頂停了下來(lái)，降下來(lái)一架梯子。8..這是個(gè)累人的工作，但是我很期待我的工資，雖然我不確定這工資總共加起來(lái)會(huì)有多少。9.她茫然不知所措，不禁在心里責(zé)備那個(gè)新駕駛員把她一個(gè)人留在那條公交線的最后一站，就在那時(shí)一輛汽車呼嘯而來(lái)直到在她身后停了下來(lái)。10.當(dāng)我跌跌撞撞地哭著沖過(guò)廚房間的門，媽媽連忙趕了過(guò)來(lái)。五、長(zhǎng)難句分析GroupAHavingbeenloadedupwithmealsbyitshumancolleagues,thecat-themedroboticwaitermiaowswhenitdeliversfoodtodinnerstoencouragethemtotaketheirplates.Knowingthathemustwalkthreemilestomailthere,andknowinghowlittlemoneyhehadmadethegiftsmoreprecious.Iknowourfamilyalwayswillbegratefultohaveknownhim;fromhimwelearnedwhatitwastoacceptthebadwithoutcomplaintandthegoodwithgratitude.Amuch-quotedclaimthatAmericacouldrelyonwind,solarandhydroaloneforitselectricityhasrecentlybeenbitterlycriticizedbyagroupofrespectedacademics.Theybelievethatthisapproachcouldresultingreaterlendingtoborrowerswhowouldpotentiallybedeniedbytraditionalfinancialinstitutions.GroupB.HEYTEA’snaigaichaperfectlycaterstothechangingtasteofChina’syoungpeople,offeringa“cooler”andfresheralternativetotraditionaltea,whichisoftenassociatedwithcomplicateddrinkingritualsthatpeoplearelosinginterestin.Theopinionthatbreakfastisthemostbasicmealofthedayissowidespreadthatanincreasingnumberofpeoplearesurprisedtolearnthatthereisalackofscientificevidenceshowinghowbreakfastmaydirectlycausechangesinourhealth.Ill-designedlightingwashesoutthedarknessolnightandcompletelychangesthelightlevels--andlightrhythms-towhichmanyformsoflife,including,ourselves,haveadapted.We'vegrownsousedtothisorangehazethattneoriginalgloryofanunlitnight--darkenoughfortheplanetVenustothrowshadowsonEarth--iswhollybeyondourexperience,beyondmemoryalmost.Inaveryrealsense,lightpollutioncausesustolosesightofourtrueplaceintheuniverse,toforgetthescaleofourbeing,whichisbestmeasuredagainstthedimensionsofadeepnightwiththeMilkyWay--theedgeofourgalaxy--archingoverhead.狀語(yǔ)從句復(fù)習(xí)練習(xí)題答案一.填空練習(xí):1句子填空1lf2that3AlthoughWhile/Though4until/till5While/Although/Though6because/as7As8as9Once/lf10un