助動(dòng)詞用法詳解(英語(yǔ)助動(dòng)詞)課件

英語(yǔ)Auxiliaryverb助動(dòng)詞英語(yǔ)Auxiliaryverb助動(dòng)詞1

協(xié)助主要?jiǎng)釉~構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞詞組的詞叫助動(dòng)詞（Auxiliaryverb）,被協(xié)助的動(dòng)詞稱作主要?jiǎng)釉~（Mainverb）。助動(dòng)詞自身沒(méi)有詞義，不可單獨(dú)使用。如：

Joedoesn’tlikeEnglish.

（doesn’t是助動(dòng)詞，無(wú)詞義；like是主要?jiǎng)釉~，有詞義)什么是助動(dòng)詞？協(xié)助主要?jiǎng)釉~構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞詞組的詞叫助動(dòng)2Aspirinwasinventedin1897.Joe

doknowalotabouttheInternet.Joe

didn’t

findanyusefulinformationontheInternet.

Auxiliaryverbs(助動(dòng)詞)Aspirinwasinventedin1897.A3a.表示時(shí)態(tài)。如：Heis

singing.他在唱歌。Hehas

gotmarried.他已結(jié)婚。b.表示語(yǔ)態(tài)。如：Hewas

senttoEngland.他被派往英國(guó)。助動(dòng)詞的主要作用c.構(gòu)成疑問(wèn)句。如：Doyoulikecollegelife?DidyoustudyEnglishbeforeyoucamehere?a.表示時(shí)態(tài)。如：助動(dòng)詞的主要作用c.構(gòu)成疑問(wèn)句。如：4d.與否定副詞not合用，構(gòu)成否定句。如：Idon’tlikeJoe.e.加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣。如：Docometothepartytomorrowevening.Joedidknowthat.d.與否定副詞not合用，構(gòu)成否定句。5常用的助動(dòng)詞有：be,have,do,shall,will,should,would。

助動(dòng)詞be的用法：1.be+現(xiàn)在分詞，構(gòu)成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。如：Wearehavingalesson.Englishisbecomingmoreandmoreimportant.2.be+過(guò)去分詞，構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。如：

ThewindowwasbrokenbyJoe.Englishistaughtthroughouttheworld.常用的助動(dòng)詞有：be,have,do,shall,w63.be+動(dòng)詞不定式，可表示：a.表示最近、未來(lái)的計(jì)劃或安排。如：JoeistogotoNewYorknextweek.Wearetoteachthestudents.這用法也可說(shuō)成是一種將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)表達(dá)法。b.表示命令。如：Youaretoexplainthis.對(duì)此你要做出解釋。c.征求意見(jiàn)。如：HowamItoanswerhim?d.表示相約、商定。如：Wearetomeetattheschoolgateatsixtomorrowmorning.3.be+動(dòng)詞不定式，可表示：這用法也可說(shuō)成是一種b.7助動(dòng)詞have的用法:1.have+過(guò)去分詞，構(gòu)成完成時(shí)態(tài)。如：JoehasleftforLondon.Bytheendoflastmonth,wehaddonehalfoftheirwork.2.have+been+現(xiàn)在分詞，構(gòu)成完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。如：

IhavebeenstudyingEnglishfortenyears.3.have+been+過(guò)去分詞，構(gòu)成完成式被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。如：

EnglishhasbeentaughtinChinaformanyyears.助動(dòng)詞have的用法:2.have+been+現(xiàn)在分8助動(dòng)詞do的用法:1.構(gòu)成一般疑問(wèn)句。如：Doyouwanttopassthetest?2.do+not構(gòu)成否定句。如：Joedoesn’tliketostudy.Inthepast,manystudentsdidnotknowJoe.3.構(gòu)成否定祈使句。如：Don’tbesoquiet.

注意：構(gòu)成否定祈使句只用do，不用did和does。4.放在動(dòng)詞原形前，加強(qiáng)該動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)氣。如：Docometomybirthdayparty.Ididgotoschoolthismorning.助動(dòng)詞do的用法:3.構(gòu)成否定祈使句。如：95.用于倒裝句，例如：Never

didIhearofsuchathing.OnlywhenwebeginourschoollifedowerealizetheimportanceofEnglish.說(shuō)明：引導(dǎo)此類倒裝句的副詞有never,seldom,rarely,little,only,so,well等。5.用于倒裝句，例如：說(shuō)明：引導(dǎo)此類倒裝句的副詞有neve106.用作代動(dòng)詞，例如：—Do

youlikeNanjing?—Yes,Ido.（do用作代動(dòng)詞，代替likeNanjing）Joeknowshowtodriveacar,doesn’the?6.用作代動(dòng)詞，例如：11

助動(dòng)詞shall和will的用法:shall和will作為助動(dòng)詞可以與動(dòng)詞原形一起構(gòu)成一般將來(lái)時(shí)，例如：

IshallstudyharderatEnglish.JoewillgotoShanghai.助動(dòng)詞shall和will的用法:12助動(dòng)詞should,would的用法:1.should無(wú)詞義，是shall的過(guò)去式，與動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，只用于第一人稱。如：ItelephonedJoeyesterdaytoaskwhatIshoulddonextweek.比較：“WhatshallIdonextweek?”Iasked.（shall變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，變成了should。）助動(dòng)詞should,would的用法:132.would也無(wú)詞義，是will的過(guò)去式，與動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，用于第二、第三人稱。如：

Hesaidhewouldcome.比較：

“Iwillgo,”hesaid.變成間接引語(yǔ)就成了：Hesaidhewouldcome.原來(lái)的will變成would，go變成了come。2.would也無(wú)詞義，是will的過(guò)去式，與動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成14短語(yǔ)助動(dòng)詞

由一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞和另一個(gè)或兩個(gè)詞組組成。如：have(got)to,hadbetter,wouldsooner/rather(…than),beto,belikelyto,besupposedto,oughtto,usedto,beaboutto,beableto,etc.短語(yǔ)助動(dòng)詞由一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞和另一個(gè)或兩個(gè)詞組組成。15

have(got)to

表示“得做某事”，或提出建議，其否定形式nothaveto意為“不必”。

wouldrather/sooner(…than)的意思是“寧愿”。

beto表示未來(lái)的打算和安排，或用于正式指示和命令。have(got)to表示“得做某事”16

belikely的意思是某事有可能發(fā)生或可能是真的。

besupposedto用來(lái)表示“被期望”或“應(yīng)該”。其否定形式benotsupposedto用來(lái)表示“不允許”。

usedto表示“過(guò)去一直”或“過(guò)去經(jīng)?！?。belikely的意思是某事有可能發(fā)生或17以上內(nèi)容掌握了嗎？以上內(nèi)容掌握了嗎？18bedohave英語(yǔ)助動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞be英語(yǔ)助動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞191.HelikeEnglish.

2.Hesinging.3.Hemarried.4.HesenttoEngland.5.youlikecollegelife?6.youstudyEnglishlastyear?7.cometothepartytomorrowevening.8.Heknowthat.doesn’tAuxiliary

verbsishasgotwasDoDidDodiddoesn’tAuxiliaryverbsishasg20be（am/is/are/was/were/been）do（does/did）have（has/had）modals（shall/should/will/would/can/could/may/might/must/need/dare）Aphrasalauxiliaryverb（have(got)to,hadbetter/wouldsooner/rather(…than)/cannot(help)but/be(not)to/besupposedto/oughtto/usedto/beaboutto/beableto）

Auxiliary

verbsbe（am/is/are/was/were/been）Aux21Auxiliary

verbsThesmallanimalsarekeptinthecages.Heisgivingalecture.TheInternethastoomuchinformationthathasnotbeenevaluatedforaccuracy.Yourhouseisbiggerandnicerthanmine.

Iamtogoabroadonbusinesstomorrow.1.be（am/is/are/was/were/been）

AuxiliaryverbsThesmallanima22Auxiliary

verbsTip:be作為本動(dòng)詞表示狀態(tài)或客觀存在等意思。be+不定詞連用,表示約定、義務(wù)、命令等未來(lái)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。be+現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成各種進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。be+過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。be用于have/has/had后構(gòu)成完成時(shí)。1.be（am/is/are/was/were/been）

AuxiliaryverbsTip:1.be（am/is23Auxiliary

verbsHedidn’tfindanyusefulinformationontheInternet.Thesekindsoferrorsdo

notoccurasoftenwhenpeopleusetraditionalreferencematerials.Then,whydoeshecomehere?

Youdoknowalotaboutcomputers.

NeverdidIseesuchastrangeman.

2.do（does/did）AuxiliaryverbsHedidn’tfind24Auxiliary

verbsTip:do作為助動(dòng)詞時(shí)的時(shí)態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)的變化有do,does,did三種形式。do+主詞+原形動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成疑問(wèn)句。do+not+原形動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成否定句。do(+not)+主詞用于附帶問(wèn)句。do+原形動(dòng)詞用于加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣句。Never(Only)等+do+主詞+原形動(dòng)詞用于倒裝句。2.do（does/did）

AuxiliaryverbsTip:2.do（does/25Auxiliary

verbsIhaveneverseensuchastrangeman.CanIhavemyhaircutnow?Ioftenhavemyassistanthelpmedoit.3.have（has/had）

Tip:助動(dòng)詞have+過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成完成時(shí)態(tài)。have+受詞+過(guò)去分詞表示請(qǐng)或讓別人做某事。have+受詞+原形不定詞表示請(qǐng)或讓某人做某事。AuxiliaryverbsIhaveneverse264.modals（shall/should/will/would/can/could/may/might/must/need/dare）Auxiliary

verbsOk,Ishalldowhatyousaid.Ishallneverdosuchathing.Youshallgivemeacigarette,orIshalltelltheboss.WhereshallImeetyou?Youshouldworkharder.Youmustputonmoreclothesincase

youshouldcatchacold.4.modals（shall/should/will/wo27Auxiliary

verbsWillyougivemeabook?Thiswillbewhatyouneed.Shewouldstandtheresleepingforhours.Ok,Iwilldoit.AuxiliaryverbsWillyougivem284.modals（shall/should/will/would/can/could/may/might/must/need/dare）Auxiliary

verbsCanIhelpyou,sir?Iamcheckingout.Couldyougivemethebill?Ofcoursewecanwait.Coulditbethechargeforthefruit?Ican't

helpthinkingofit.

4.modals（shall/should/will/wo294.modals（shall/should/will/would/can/could/may/might/must/need/dare）MustIgowithyou?No,youneedn't.Youmustn'tforgetyourmedicalcard.Oh,itiswetoutside.Itmust

have

rainedyesterday.Soitmust

beslipperyoutside.Dobecareful!Youneedn't

have

toldmethatmuch.Auxiliary

verbs4.modals（shall/should/will/wo304.modals（shall/should/will/would/can/could/may/might/must/need/dare）Auxiliary

verbsIdarenotsayitisugly.Howdareyousayso?4.modals（shall/should/will/wo314.modals（shall/should/will/would/can/could/may/might/must/need/dare）Auxiliary

verbsTip:shall表示發(fā)言者的意志,包括諾言、決心、強(qiáng)制等;shall用于詢問(wèn)對(duì)方的意向。should表示義務(wù)，責(zé)任等。will用于第二人稱疑問(wèn)句中,詢問(wèn)對(duì)方意志或請(qǐng)求。will+原形動(dòng)詞用于所有人稱,表意愿。would+原形動(dòng)詞表示過(guò)去一段時(shí)間的習(xí)慣。4.modals（shall/should/will/wo324.modals（shall/should/will/would/can/could/may/might/must/need/dare）Auxiliary

verbsTip:4）can,could在口語(yǔ)中相當(dāng)于may,might,表示許可。can,could表示能力,相當(dāng)于beableto。can,could表示懷疑、推測(cè),一般用于疑問(wèn)句或否定句。can,could用于慣用語(yǔ)。can’thelp或couldn’thelp+動(dòng)名詞表示不得不、忍不住。4.modals（shall/should/will/wo334.modals（shall/should/will/would/can/could/may/might/must/need/dare）Auxiliary

verbsTip:5)must表示必須、義務(wù)等,強(qiáng)調(diào)主觀因素,

haveto,強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀因素。need可以對(duì)must引導(dǎo)的一般疑問(wèn)句作否定回答。must的否定式表示不準(zhǔn),禁止等意思。must+have+過(guò)去分詞表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的推斷。must+原形動(dòng)詞表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的推斷。needn't+have+過(guò)去分詞表示過(guò)去不必做卻已經(jīng)做了的事。4.modals（shall/should/will/wo344.modals（shall/should/will/would/can/could/may/might/must/need/dare）Auxiliary

verbsTip:6)dare作為情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞，一般只能用于疑問(wèn)句或否定句中。4.modals（shall/should/will/wo355.Aphrasalauxiliaryverb（have(got)to,hadbetter/wouldsooner/rather(…than)/cannot(help)but/be(not)to/besupposedto/oughtto/usedto/beaboutto/beableto）

Auxiliary

verbs5.Aphrasalauxiliaryverb（ha365.Aphrasalauxiliaryverb

Auxiliary

verbsIt’sgettinglate.I’ve(got)togonow.Youdon’t

have

totakeoffyourshoes.Manycountrieswould

ratherbecautiouswiththisnewtechnology.Theticketshadbeensoldout,soIcould

not(help)butgobackhome.Thechildrenare

supposedtobeatschoolbefore8a.m.5.AphrasalauxiliaryverbAux375.Aphrasalauxiliaryverb

Auxiliary

verbsIusedtolovecatsbutnotnow,becauseIwasonceattackedbyabigblackcat.Hedidn’t

use

tosmokewhenhewasyounger.Didheuse

tocomeasoftenashedoesnow?5.AphrasalauxiliaryverbAux381.Jack’sill,sothey______changetheirplans.A.mustB.shouldC.havegottoD.oughtto2.Ifitisfinetomorrow,we______afootballmatch.A.haveB.willhaveC.hasD.shallhas鞏固練習(xí)1.Jack’sill,sothey______393.Inthepast30yearsChina______greatadvancesinthesocialistrevolutionandsocialistconstruction.

A.hasmadeB.havemadeC.hadmadeD.havingmade

4.I______gotobeduntilI______finishedmywork.

A.don’t/hadB.didn’t/haveC.didn’t/hadD.don’t/have3.Inthepast30yearsChi405.Nosooner______hearrivedhomethanhe______tostartonanotherjourney.

A.has/wasaskedB.have/wereaskedC.had/isaskedD.had/wasasked

6.“______yougivemearoomforthenight?”Iaskedonarrivingatthehotel.

A.ShouldB.CanC.MightD.May

5.Nosooner______hearri417.Hewasagoodrunnersohe______escapefromthepolice.

A.mightB.succeededtoC.wouldD.wasableto8.Ifthey______,ourplanwillfallflat.

A.areco-operatingB.hadnotco-operatedC.won’tco-operateD.didn’tco-operate7.Hewasagoodrunnersohe429.Noone______thattohisface.

A.daressayB.daressayingC.daresayD.daretosay10.Theelephantsought______hoursagobythekeepers.

A.tobefedB.tofeedC.tobeingfedD.tohavebeenfed

9.Noone______thattohisf43英語(yǔ)Auxiliaryverb助動(dòng)詞英語(yǔ)Auxiliaryverb助動(dòng)詞44

協(xié)助主要?jiǎng)釉~構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞詞組的詞叫助動(dòng)詞（Auxiliaryverb）,被協(xié)助的動(dòng)詞稱作主要?jiǎng)釉~（Mainverb）。助動(dòng)詞自身沒(méi)有詞義，不可單獨(dú)使用。如：

Joedoesn’tlikeEnglish.

（doesn’t是助動(dòng)詞，無(wú)詞義；like是主要?jiǎng)釉~，有詞義)什么是助動(dòng)詞？協(xié)助主要?jiǎng)釉~構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞詞組的詞叫助動(dòng)45Aspirinwasinventedin1897.Joe

doknowalotabouttheInternet.Joe

didn’t

findanyusefulinformationontheInternet.

Auxiliaryverbs(助動(dòng)詞)Aspirinwasinventedin1897.A46a.表示時(shí)態(tài)。如：Heis

singing.他在唱歌。Hehas

gotmarried.他已結(jié)婚。b.表示語(yǔ)態(tài)。如：Hewas

senttoEngland.他被派往英國(guó)。助動(dòng)詞的主要作用c.構(gòu)成疑問(wèn)句。如：Doyoulikecollegelife?DidyoustudyEnglishbeforeyoucamehere?a.表示時(shí)態(tài)。如：助動(dòng)詞的主要作用c.構(gòu)成疑問(wèn)句。如：47d.與否定副詞not合用，構(gòu)成否定句。如：Idon’tlikeJoe.e.加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣。如：Docometothepartytomorrowevening.Joedidknowthat.d.與否定副詞not合用，構(gòu)成否定句。48常用的助動(dòng)詞有：be,have,do,shall,will,should,would。

助動(dòng)詞be的用法：1.be+現(xiàn)在分詞，構(gòu)成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。如：Wearehavingalesson.Englishisbecomingmoreandmoreimportant.2.be+過(guò)去分詞，構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。如：

ThewindowwasbrokenbyJoe.Englishistaughtthroughouttheworld.常用的助動(dòng)詞有：be,have,do,shall,w493.be+動(dòng)詞不定式，可表示：a.表示最近、未來(lái)的計(jì)劃或安排。如：JoeistogotoNewYorknextweek.Wearetoteachthestudents.這用法也可說(shuō)成是一種將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)表達(dá)法。b.表示命令。如：Youaretoexplainthis.對(duì)此你要做出解釋。c.征求意見(jiàn)。如：HowamItoanswerhim?d.表示相約、商定。如：Wearetomeetattheschoolgateatsixtomorrowmorning.3.be+動(dòng)詞不定式，可表示：這用法也可說(shuō)成是一種b.50助動(dòng)詞have的用法:1.have+過(guò)去分詞，構(gòu)成完成時(shí)態(tài)。如：JoehasleftforLondon.Bytheendoflastmonth,wehaddonehalfoftheirwork.2.have+been+現(xiàn)在分詞，構(gòu)成完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。如：

IhavebeenstudyingEnglishfortenyears.3.have+been+過(guò)去分詞，構(gòu)成完成式被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。如：

EnglishhasbeentaughtinChinaformanyyears.助動(dòng)詞have的用法:2.have+been+現(xiàn)在分51助動(dòng)詞do的用法:1.構(gòu)成一般疑問(wèn)句。如：Doyouwanttopassthetest?2.do+not構(gòu)成否定句。如：Joedoesn’tliketostudy.Inthepast,manystudentsdidnotknowJoe.3.構(gòu)成否定祈使句。如：Don’tbesoquiet.

注意：構(gòu)成否定祈使句只用do，不用did和does。4.放在動(dòng)詞原形前，加強(qiáng)該動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)氣。如：Docometomybirthdayparty.Ididgotoschoolthismorning.助動(dòng)詞do的用法:3.構(gòu)成否定祈使句。如：525.用于倒裝句，例如：Never

didIhearofsuchathing.OnlywhenwebeginourschoollifedowerealizetheimportanceofEnglish.說(shuō)明：引導(dǎo)此類倒裝句的副詞有never,seldom,rarely,little,only,so,well等。5.用于倒裝句，例如：說(shuō)明：引導(dǎo)此類倒裝句的副詞有neve536.用作代動(dòng)詞，例如：—Do

youlikeNanjing?—Yes,Ido.（do用作代動(dòng)詞，代替likeNanjing）Joeknowshowtodriveacar,doesn’the?6.用作代動(dòng)詞，例如：54

助動(dòng)詞shall和will的用法:shall和will作為助動(dòng)詞可以與動(dòng)詞原形一起構(gòu)成一般將來(lái)時(shí)，例如：

IshallstudyharderatEnglish.JoewillgotoShanghai.助動(dòng)詞shall和will的用法:55助動(dòng)詞should,would的用法:1.should無(wú)詞義，是shall的過(guò)去式，與動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，只用于第一人稱。如：ItelephonedJoeyesterdaytoaskwhatIshoulddonextweek.比較：“WhatshallIdonextweek?”Iasked.（shall變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，變成了should。）助動(dòng)詞should,would的用法:562.would也無(wú)詞義，是will的過(guò)去式，與動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，用于第二、第三人稱。如：

Hesaidhewouldcome.比較：

“Iwillgo,”hesaid.變成間接引語(yǔ)就成了：Hesaidhewouldcome.原來(lái)的will變成would，go變成了come。2.would也無(wú)詞義，是will的過(guò)去式，與動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成57短語(yǔ)助動(dòng)詞

由一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞和另一個(gè)或兩個(gè)詞組組成。如：have(got)to,hadbetter,wouldsooner/rather(…than),beto,belikelyto,besupposedto,oughtto,usedto,beaboutto,beableto,etc.短語(yǔ)助動(dòng)詞由一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞和另一個(gè)或兩個(gè)詞組組成。58

have(got)to

表示“得做某事”，或提出建議，其否定形式nothaveto意為“不必”。

wouldrather/sooner(…than)的意思是“寧愿”。

beto表示未來(lái)的打算和安排，或用于正式指示和命令。have(got)to表示“得做某事”59

belikely的意思是某事有可能發(fā)生或可能是真的。

besupposedto用來(lái)表示“被期望”或“應(yīng)該”。其否定形式benotsupposedto用來(lái)表示“不允許”。

usedto表示“過(guò)去一直”或“過(guò)去經(jīng)常”。belikely的意思是某事有可能發(fā)生或60以上內(nèi)容掌握了嗎？以上內(nèi)容掌握了嗎？61bedohave英語(yǔ)助動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞be英語(yǔ)助動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞621.HelikeEnglish.

2.Hesinging.3.Hemarried.4.HesenttoEngland.5.youlikecollegelife?6.youstudyEnglishlastyear?7.cometothepartytomorrowevening.8.Heknowthat.doesn’tAuxiliary

verbsishasgotwasDoDidDodiddoesn’tAuxiliaryverbsishasg63be（am/is/are/was/were/been）do（does/did）have（has/had）modals（shall/should/will/would/can/could/may/might/must/need/dare）Aphrasalauxiliaryverb（have(got)to,hadbetter/wouldsooner/rather(…than)/cannot(help)but/be(not)to/besupposedto/oughtto/usedto/beaboutto/beableto）

Auxiliary

verbsbe（am/is/are/was/were/been）Aux64Auxiliary

verbsThesmallanimalsarekeptinthecages.Heisgivingalecture.TheInternethastoomuchinformationthathasnotbeenevaluatedforaccuracy.Yourhouseisbiggerandnicerthanmine.

Iamtogoabroadonbusinesstomorrow.1.be（am/is/are/was/were/been）

AuxiliaryverbsThesmallanima65Auxiliary

verbsTip:be作為本動(dòng)詞表示狀態(tài)或客觀存在等意思。be+不定詞連用,表示約定、義務(wù)、命令等未來(lái)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。be+現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成各種進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。be+過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。be用于have/has/had后構(gòu)成完成時(shí)。1.be（am/is/are/was/were/been）

AuxiliaryverbsTip:1.be（am/is66Auxiliary

verbsHedidn’tfindanyusefulinformationontheInternet.Thesekindsoferrorsdo

notoccurasoftenwhenpeopleusetraditionalreferencematerials.Then,whydoeshecomehere?

Youdoknowalotaboutcomputers.

NeverdidIseesuchastrangeman.

2.do（does/did）AuxiliaryverbsHedidn’tfind67Auxiliary

verbsTip:do作為助動(dòng)詞時(shí)的時(shí)態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)的變化有do,does,did三種形式。do+主詞+原形動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成疑問(wèn)句。do+not+原形動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成否定句。do(+not)+主詞用于附帶問(wèn)句。do+原形動(dòng)詞用于加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣句。Never(Only)等+do+主詞+原形動(dòng)詞用于倒裝句。2.do（does/did）

AuxiliaryverbsTip:2.do（does/68Auxiliary

verbsIhaveneverseensuchastrangeman.CanIhavemyhaircutnow?Ioftenhavemyassistanthelpmedoit.3.have（has/had）

Tip:助動(dòng)詞have+過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成完成時(shí)態(tài)。have+受詞+過(guò)去分詞表示請(qǐng)或讓別人做某事。have+受詞+原形不定詞表示請(qǐng)或讓某人做某事。AuxiliaryverbsIhaveneverse694.modals（shall/should/will/would/can/could/may/might/must/need/dare）Auxiliary

verbsOk,Ishalldowhatyousaid.Ishallneverdosuchathing.Youshallgivemeacigarette,orIshalltelltheboss.WhereshallImeetyou?Youshouldworkharder.Youmustputonmoreclothesincase

youshouldcatchacold.4.modals（shall/should/will/wo70Auxiliary

verbsWillyougivemeabook?Thiswillbewhatyouneed.Shewouldstandtheresleepingforhours.Ok,Iwilldoit.AuxiliaryverbsWillyougivem714.modals（shall/should/will/would/can/could/may/might/must/need/dare）Auxiliary

verbsCanIhelpyou,sir?Iamcheckingout.Couldyougivemethebill?Ofcoursewecanwait.Coulditbethechargeforthefruit?Ican't

helpthinkingofit.

4.modals（shall/should/will/wo724.modals（shall/should/will/would/can/could/may/might/must/need/dare）MustIgowithyou?No,youneedn't.Youmustn'tforgetyourmedicalcard.Oh,itiswetoutside.Itmust

have

rainedyesterday.Soitmust

beslipperyoutside.Dobecareful!Youneedn't

have

toldmethatmuch.Auxiliary

verbs4.modals（shall/should/will/wo734.modals（shall/should/will/would/can/could/may/might/must/need/dare）Auxiliary

verbsIdarenotsayitisugly.Howdareyousayso?4.modals（shall/should/will/wo744.modals（shall/should/will/would/can/could/may/might/must/need/dare）Auxiliary

verbsTip:shall表示發(fā)言者的意志,包括諾言、決心、強(qiáng)制等;shall用于詢問(wèn)對(duì)方的意向。should表示義務(wù)，責(zé)任等。will用于第二人稱疑問(wèn)句中,詢問(wèn)對(duì)方意志或請(qǐng)求。will+原形動(dòng)詞用于所有人稱,表意愿。would+原形動(dòng)詞表示過(guò)去一段時(shí)間的習(xí)慣。4.modals（shall/should/will/wo754.modals（shall/should/will/would/can/could/may/might/must/need/dare）Auxiliary

verbsTip:4）can,could在口語(yǔ)中相當(dāng)于may,might,表示許可。can,could表示能力,相當(dāng)于beableto。can,could表示懷疑、推測(cè),一般用于疑問(wèn)句或否定句。can,could用于慣用語(yǔ)。can’thelp或couldn’thelp+動(dòng)名詞表示不得不、忍不住。4.modals（shall/should/will/wo764.modals（shall/should/will/would/can/could/may/might/must/need/dare）Auxiliary

verbsTip:5)must表示必須、義務(wù)等,強(qiáng)調(diào)主觀因素,

haveto,強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀因素。need可以對(duì)must引導(dǎo)的一般疑問(wèn)句作否定回答。must的否定式表示不準(zhǔn),禁止等意思。must+have+過(guò)去分詞表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的推斷。must+原形動(dòng)詞表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的推斷。needn't+have+過(guò)去分詞表示過(guò)去不必做卻已經(jīng)做了的事。4.modals（shall/should/will/wo774.modals（shall/should/will/would/can/could/may/might/must/need/dare）Auxiliary

verbsTip:6)dare作為情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞，一般只能用于疑問(wèn)句或否定句中。4.modals（shall/should/will/wo785.Aphrasalauxiliaryverb（have(got)to,hadbetter/wouldsooner/rather(…than)/cannot(help)but/be(not)to/besupposedto/oughtto/usedto/beaboutto/beableto）

Auxili