2015職稱英語-基礎(chǔ)核心詞匯精講課程講義版

英語_基礎(chǔ)課程_詞匯精講課主講名師：付建 B、C10026個(gè)部分組課程由英語名師付建利老師講解，英語教研團(tuán)隊(duì)歷時(shí)1年多詞匯課程由英語名師付建利老師主講但英語考試只有2個(gè)小時(shí)，考生根本沒有時(shí)間查詢基礎(chǔ)和簡單的英語單詞，因記，第二天復(fù)義內(nèi)容后，把不能理解的部分勾畫出來，回到該內(nèi)容講解部分再次理解學(xué)手柒⒉㈦00.柒◎0捌。任何關(guān)于課程內(nèi)容，上線時(shí)間，講義上線時(shí)間，服務(wù)內(nèi)容等疑問，請直接在課程知識堂中問，我們的老師將在24小時(shí)內(nèi)給予答復(fù) 考試大綱詞匯要求及詞匯課程安 Chapter1科學(xué)研 Chapter2數(shù)量研 Chapter3連詞/方位 Chapter4短語搭 Chapter 詞綴總 Chapter6動詞專 Chapter 形容詞副 Chapter8觀點(diǎn)態(tài) 考試大綱詞匯要求及詞匯課程安八大詞匯板塊深度掃詞匯三步Chapter1科學(xué)研究與被研WriterAuthorResearcher研究載FindSurvey方法、目的、結(jié) Responsiblefor Takeaction 研究與被研究writern.authorn.作者；作家；創(chuàng)始人vt.創(chuàng)作n.研究，研究者（researcher的復(fù)數(shù)形式eg:Researchersarefindingdifferentusesforparticleswith alengthofonenanometer,orone-billionthofameter.長度為一納米，即十億分之一米的粒子已被研究開發(fā)出多種用途。expertsn.；Q:㈦⒉柒0.0.Ⅶ0◎八scientistsn.科學(xué)家（scientist的復(fù)數(shù)investigatorsn.研究者，eg:ArecentstudyinTanzaniafoundthatwhenpregnantwomentookvitaminseveryday,fewerbabieswereborntoosmall.fetus['fi:t?s]n.，childrent?ildr?n]n.孩子們（child的復(fù)數(shù)elder['eld?]n.老人；長輩；年長者；父輩adj.年長的；較大的；資格老male[meil]n.；雄性動物adj.的；雄性的；有力femalefi:meil]n.女人；[動]adj.patient['pei??nt]n.；患者adj.有耐性的，能volunteer[,v?l?n'ti?]n.；志愿兵adj.志愿的vt.自愿vi.自愿animal?nim?ln.(老鼠：micemouse,rat,猴子：monkey) 過去式 過去分詞 現(xiàn)在分詞n.vi.vt.discoverdk?]vt.發(fā)現(xiàn)；發(fā)覺vi.detectdi'tekt]vt.realizer?a?z].實(shí)現(xiàn)；認(rèn)識到；了解；將某reportn.報(bào)告；；成績 vt.報(bào)告；報(bào)導(dǎo)；使報(bào) vi.報(bào)告；報(bào)到；寫報(bào)survey[‘s?:vei]/n.；測量；審視；縱vt.；勘測；俯vi.Butacloserlookatthesurvey/researchindicatesthatmanyAmericanswhocan’taffordfinediningstillpreferlargeportions. v.；研study] vt.學(xué)習(xí)；考慮；攻讀；細(xì)vi.focus n.焦點(diǎn)；中心；清晰；焦距vt.vi.focusoneg:Mostmedicaljournalsarespecialtyjournalsthatfocusonaparticularareaofconcentrate n.濃縮，精選；濃縮 vi.集中；濃縮；全神貫注；vt.concentrateon集中精力于；全神貫注于measure n.測量；措施；程度；尺 vt.測量；估量；權(quán)vi.collect adv.由收件人付款 vt.收集；募 adj.由收件人付款vi.收集；；募sample['sɑ:mpl,'s? adj.n.vt.observevt.觀察；遵守；說；注意到；評 vi.觀察；說；注意到；評ysis attempt n.企圖，試圖；vt.企圖，試圖；嘗eg:Doctorsannouncedtheresultsyesterdaywithysisonsometendenciesinlungcancer n.解釋；翻譯；演eg:Whenthechildrenneedtimetoanswer,receivedreprimandsareoftenambiguousinterpretationexplainik'splein]v.explanationekspl?'ne??(?)nn.account?'kaunt] [會計(jì)]account estimate v&n.TheWorldHealthOrganizationestimatesthateveryyeartwentymillionbabiesarebornwithlowbirth2000萬體重過輕嬰兒誕生。evaluate??tvt.評價(jià)；估價(jià)；求…的值vi.評價(jià)；估價(jià)appraise[?'prez]vt.評價(jià)，鑒定；估價(jià)aimn.目的；目標(biāo)；對準(zhǔn)vt.目的在于；引導(dǎo)；把…對準(zhǔn)vi.打算；對準(zhǔn)目標(biāo)；瞄aimatv.purpose n.目的；用途；意 vt.決心；企圖；打motive n.，目的；adj.發(fā)動 vt.使產(chǎn)生，激motivation n.；積極shift n.移動；變化；；輪 vt.轉(zhuǎn)移shift 轉(zhuǎn)switchswit?n.switchtov.turn[t?:n] n.轉(zhuǎn)彎；變化 vi.轉(zhuǎn)向；轉(zhuǎn)變；轉(zhuǎn)動turnto 13.responsiblefor Aviationisasmallbutgrowingcontributortoglobalwarming,responsiblefor12%ofthecarbondioxideemittedbymeansoftransport.result n.結(jié)果；成績；答 vi.結(jié)果；導(dǎo)致；產(chǎn)asaresult結(jié) theresultof……的結(jié) resultin導(dǎo)致，結(jié)果 leadto導(dǎo)致；通cause n.原因；事業(yè)；目 vt.引起；because[bi'k?z]conj.因?yàn)閎ecauseofadv.因?yàn)?；由于reasonri:z?nn.理由；理性duetoadv.由于；應(yīng)歸于owingto由于，因?yàn)椤璫onsequence n.結(jié)果；重要attribute?'tribju:t,?tribju:tn.attributeto把…歸因于Q⒎貳柒零14.indicate['indikeit] vt.表明；；預(yù)示；象征reveal[ri'vi:l] n.；vt.顯示；透露；expose[ik'sp?uz] vt.，揭發(fā)；使；顯示pointout，指allege vt.emphasize‘emf?saiz]vt.declare[di'klε?] vt.宣布，；斷言，宣稱 vi.stress[stres] n.壓力；強(qiáng)調(diào)；緊張；重要性15.take eg:Peopleneedtoknow mendeddailysodiumlimitandtakeactiontoreducesodiumsolution eupwithguide n.指南；向?qū)?；入門 vt.引導(dǎo)；帶guidelineɡaidlain]n. v.推薦，介紹；勸告；使受歡迎；托eg:Peopleneedtoknow mendeddailysodiumlimitandtakeactiontoreducesodiumadvise vt.persuade vt. 17.infer vt.推斷；推 vi.推斷；作出推infer eg:Whatcanweinferfromthe deduce?] vt.assume[?'sjum] presumep?zu]假設(shè)、推測construe[k?n'stru] 多數(shù)人都擁有自己所不了解的能力和機(jī)會，都有可能做到未曾夢想v???戴爾· First- thousandstensofthousandsmillionsbillions3. 一：基礎(chǔ)詞 ten（1—hundred（百）thousand（千）million（百萬）billion（十億 hundredhundredAskingthisonesimplequestionmaydoublethenumberoftransplantorgansavailableinCalifornia--onesimplequestion.Triple三ConfirmedcasesinAustraliatop1,200,morethantripleasmanyasaweekhundred(百)thousand(千million(百萬)billion(十億)的相關(guān)短語，表示許多，一般在后面+sof構(gòu) thousands tensofthousands millions billions Morethan10chipplantsarebeingbuilt，eachcostingmillionsofUS arethousandsofmoderatequakesonthisscalearoundtheworldeachyear。Dozen基本用法ofQ：⒎㈡⑺(0)0⑦○0⒏。IboughtadozeneggsandeveryoneofthemwasIsaiditwasasecretbutshe’stolddozensofTheyreceivedscoresoflettersabouttheirTV基礎(chǔ)詞注意事項(xiàng)例如： 三分?jǐn)?shù)表達(dá)法：分子用基礎(chǔ)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞，當(dāng)分子大于1，分母加四加”或“減少”的詞（增加）—decrease（減少）large（大—small（?。?（擴(kuò)張）—shrinkshorten（萎縮）include（包括）—exclude（排除）high（高） low（低grow(增長,擴(kuò)大）— add(增加）—subtract（減少）develop（發(fā)展）decline（下落）spread（延伸）—gather（收集） Agoodadvertisingnwillincreaseoursales.良好的宣傳活動會增們的銷售 TheEuropeancountrywiththehighestbirthrateisIreland.人口出生率最高的歐洲國家是愛爾ThevastforestsofWestAfricahaveshrunk.西非的大片森林面積已縮小了。再短的路，不邁開雙腳也無法到Chapter3連詞/方位連詞——并列/從轉(zhuǎn)折but,stillyet,howeverontheother讓步howeverthoughnomatter,neverthelessnonethelessinspiteofatany因果because(of),dueto,owingto,thankstosince,for,as,forthereasonthat,seeingthat,asaresult,inconsequence,hence…遞進(jìn)moreoverlikewise,besidesinaddition,notonly…butalsoapartfrom,furthermore…對比:incontrast,onthecontrary,opposiy,conversely……neither．noraswellasboth．a(chǎn)ndonl．butEG:Thisisanoldclockthatisnotonlyveryhandsomebutalsoaccurate．2、表示選擇關(guān)系的并列連詞orelseratherthanEG:Youshouldgetthelicenserightaway，oryou'llhavetopaya whereasyethoweverneverthelessontheotherhandontheEGSheisafunnygirl，yetyoucan'thelplikingher．4、表示因果關(guān)系的并列連詞 therefore EGItwasrainingheavily，sothesportsmeetingwaspostponed．從屬連詞assoontheminutesooner．than…）hardl．when（ Hetoldmethenewsimmedia yhegotit．EG：Wherethereisalife，thereisaunlessifonly（要是……就好了）providing（that）inonconditionthatEGIfonlyyouhadtoldmeaboutyourproblem,Imighthavebeenabletohelpyou.soforfearEG：Wehadameetingandtalkedthematteroverfacetofaceforfearthatthereshouldbeany nowthat（既然）EGSeeingthatitiseighto'clock，we'llwaitnolonger．6、引導(dǎo)比較狀語的從屬連詞。asas（more．more．themoreEGThemorewecandoforyou，thehappierwewillbe．7、引導(dǎo)方式狀語的從屬連詞。asif（好像EGHeatcanflowfromahotbodytoacoolerbodyasifitwereafluid．8、引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語的從屬連詞。該類連詞主要有：sothatuhhtEGHeissuchanhonestmanthateveryonewouldliketotrusthim．9、引導(dǎo)讓步狀語的從屬連詞。 even even whatevermatter（EG：Hardashetried，hefailedtopasstheexam．關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞——引導(dǎo)定語從句關(guān)系代詞：who，that，which，as，whose，whom等關(guān)系副詞：when，where，why，how等例句OnegirlwhowasrecentlyinhisclasssaidhecouldprobablymakeitinterestingtowatchgrassTheareawherethisskullwasfoundhadbeenadeeptropicalbayduringtheJurassic 前(before）后(after） 南（south）北里 外 (一)intheeastontheeastEG:Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.ChinafacesthePacificontheeast.A在B的東邊(側(cè))，即：A與B相鄰接。就用"AisontheeastofB"EG：GuangdongisonthesouthofHunan.在湖南南邊。如果把方位詞當(dāng)作一個(gè)整體看，或是看成一點(diǎn)，就“AisattheeastofEG:TherewasabigbattleatthenorthoftheLiaodongPeninsula.在遼東的北邊有一場大戰(zhàn)如果要表示“A位于B東面100公里處”時(shí)可以說"Aliesl00kmtotheeastofB"，也可以說"Alies100kmeastofB".后者在口語中更為常見。Suzhoulies50tothewestofShanghai.蘇州位于西面50英里處東南方：southeast西南方：southwest西北方：northwestEG:TheMingTombsarelocatedabout50kmtothenorthwestofBeijing.十三陵位于西北50公里Tiajinissituatedl20kmsoutheastofBeijing.位于東南120公里處(四)要表示方位的“偏向”時(shí)通常用eastbynorthnorthbyeastEG：Wearesailinginthedirectionofeastbynorth.我們正朝著正東偏北方向航行。Theislandliessouthbyeastfromhere.那個(gè)島位于此地的正南偏東方向。英漢表達(dá)的不同,,,eastweston,in,to連用，來表達(dá)兩地的相互位置，但涵義卻各有課程總結(jié)每講寄大多數(shù)人想要改但卻罕有人想要改造自Chapter4短語一、表示“發(fā)生、開始”相關(guān)短take Eg：Seasonaldroughttakesplaceeveryyearintropicalcountrieswherethereisonlyarainyandadrycome Eg：Howdidthisdangerousstateofaffairscomeabout?這種的事態(tài)是怎么發(fā)生的？相關(guān)釋義：happen related Eg:Researcherssaidtheresultsmightberelatedtosomegeneticorbiologicaldifferencesaswellasenvironmentalfactors.研究認(rèn)為，該結(jié)果可能與某些遺傳或生物差異以及環(huán)境因素有關(guān)。相關(guān)短語：原版Q：Ⅶ㈡㈦(0)0⒎◎(0)⑧。concerninterfereEg:Whateveryoumaysay,Ihavenoconcernwiththat.不管你說什么，我都和那件事無關(guān)。befocused Eg：ThesubsequentdiscussionwillbefocusedonthishiddentrendinpsychoconcentrateonEgIwishyou'dconcentrateonwhatI'msaying.但愿你能集中注意力聽我講。相關(guān)短語：beabsorbedin四、表示“例如”相關(guān)短 例如一般后面接名詞Eg：thepainofanemotionalcrisissuchasdivorceorbereavement諸如離婚或痛失親人等情感 example Eg：Japan,forexample,hastwolanguages.譬如說，就有兩種語言according Eg：Participantswerecategorizedaccordingtoage.參加者按分組dependon依 同義：relyEg:Alllivingthingsdependonthesunfortheir tend 同義：trendeg：Wetendtobetraditionalratherthanfashion-forwardinourdateback Eg：Thehistoryofhockeycandatebacktothousandsat Eg：Thedrugsworkwellatfirstbutgraduallylosetheiratthebeginning Eg：Thishugetriumphalarchwaserectedatthebeginningofthisin最后或atEg：You'llgetthereinifyouworkhard!你如果努力工作，最終會達(dá)到目的的atof在….Eg：Atofthismonthwewillholdasports intheme同Eg：Intheme,they'reheadingtowardclinicaltrialswithinafew相關(guān)短語：inadvance 七、表示“有能力”做某事beable Eg:Ifthesituationdemands,hemustbeabletoattendthebecapableofenablesb.todosthabilitytodosthtryone’sbesttobeinapositionto八、表示“發(fā)現(xiàn)，處理，解決”相關(guān)短find Eg：Theywanttofindoutthecauseandeffectoftheincidentdeal Eg：Howdoyoudealwithpersistentwhowon’ttakenoforananswer? treatwithdowithsolvehandledisposeofworkout九、表示“有”做某事的短語havetrouble/difficulty/problem（in）ngsth做某事有Eg:Ifyouhavetroublengthis,you'dbetterstartmasteringtheartof如果你覺得自己做不到,最好熟練的藝術(shù)開始做起。 Eg：I'vefinishedapartfromthelastquestion.inadditionEg：Youneedmoneyandtimeinadditionyouneeddiligence.你需要金錢和時(shí)間，此外你還需要exceptfor inadditionto課程總結(jié)每講寄失去知識的人損失一 詞綴總 第一類：表示正負(fù)（或增減如：uninimilirnonmismaldisantideunderreover-等如：semiequminimicromacromega-等如：intersupertransexextrasubinfra-等如：antepre(oprimpostretro-等如：semimonobitriquadripentamulti-等如：autococon-等dis-加在名詞、形容詞，動詞之前in-（，無力）（確的-irregular（不穩(wěn)定的）irresistible（不可抵抗的）irresolvable（不能分解的，不能解決的un-unfinished（未完成的）undoubted（無疑的）unemployment（失業(yè)non-non-existence（不存在）non-electrical（非電的）non-essential（不主要的）disappear（）disarm（解除）anti-Japanese（抗日）13.a-在名詞前, ，ecstasy（ hypersupersurultrahyper-sensitive（過敏的）四.表示“前before”的前綴 （成見）pre-（前的 forehead（前額）foreground（前景） （ post-war（戰(zhàn)后retro-retrograde（十．其它的前1．a(chǎn)uto- 壞，（顯微鏡）4．遠(yuǎn)egram（電報(bào)）ephone（escope（望遠(yuǎn)鏡demi-semi-semi-circle（半圓）hemisphere（半球uni-mono-（單一,單獨(dú)）bi-di-1．-ster–eerer（or）從事某種職業(yè)或參與某種活動的人3．-ette小的東西；東西；女cigarette,4．-ess女性actress，poetess，hostess，5．-hood時(shí)期6．-ship才能，狀態(tài)，資格，品質(zhì)7．-ful量cupful，handful，mouthful，spoonful8．-tion，-ion 9．-ment狀態(tài)，行動等10．-al動作arrival，refusal，revival11．-age程度，數(shù)量12．-ness；-ity（ty）狀態(tài)，品質(zhì)happiness，usefulness，selfishness，kindness，rapidity，activity，sanity13．-ism 二、動詞后1．- 轉(zhuǎn)為，變 三、形容詞后綴1．- 充滿， 沒有speechless，childless，harmless，hopeless，meaningless3．-ly有……品質(zhì)beastly， 像……的childlike， 7．-able（ible）能……的；可以……的changeable，8．- 有wooded，pointed，odd-9．- 有……屬性的 10．-ary（ory）屬于……的，與……相連11．- 富含……的；有……品質(zhì)的；像12．-ic（ical）……類的；屬于……的 四、副詞后 以……方式happily，boldly，ond（，bkd，hoeward（s，eastward（s） 按照……方式；就……而言 心是最大的，別人能騙你一時(shí)，而它卻會騙你一輩子Chapter6動詞Eg:1.Theboyruns Heisaboy.行為動IliveinBeijingwithmymother.我和我住在Ithasaroundface.說： 開始l過去式，過去分詞vt.vi.IcalledAndietolherhowspectacularthestuff我打告訴安迪，那東西看上去太棒了。 say：普通用詞，指用語言表達(dá)思想，著重所說的內(nèi)speak：側(cè)重于說話動作的本身，著重說話的能力而不在內(nèi)容，可以是長篇大論的，也可以是三言兩語的交談，甚至指簡單的開口說話。動作而不側(cè)重內(nèi)容。原版Q：七貳⒎0.0柒(0)0.Ⅷ;Whatdidsheactuallysay?YoumustbeabletospeakFrenchforthisjob.Iwishtotalkwithyouin vi.開始；首 vt.開Eg:Towardsthecitylimitsthehousesbegintothinout.Theexcitementatthestartofaracecanreallygettheadrenalinflowing.（起跑時(shí)的激動確實(shí)能使人【派生詞】短語：inthe atthebeginning n.vi.Eg:Ithinkyou'remakingaseriousmistake.was，were，have/hasbeen等要特別予以注意。Hewasasoldiertwoyearsago.Wearelook（看起來）feel（覺得，摸起來）taste（嘗起來）smell（聞起來）sound（聽起來）等 Shelookedtired.（她看一去很疲勞）Theflowerssmellsweet.（這些花聞起來很香。） Shebecameacollegestudent.Hefeelssick.HisfaceturnsTheweathergetswarmerandthedaysgetlongerwhenspringcomes.Hegrewold.1、 Heislookingatthepicture.（他正在看這。.2、 Ifeltsomeone Areyoufellingbettertodaythanbefore?（你今天比以前感到好些了嗎3、 4、 Thegunsoundedmuchcloser.（槍聲聽起來更近了） Thesouptastesterrible.（這湯嘗起來味道太差了） Therearesomebananasonthetable.Eachofyoucangetone.（桌上有些香蕉，每個(gè)人可以拿一7、 Doyougrowriceinyourcountry?（的國家種水稻嗎？）It’stoolate.It’sgrowingdark.（太遲了，天漸漸變暗了。）表示句子的否定和疑問do,does,did,have,hadDidhehaveanymilkandbreadforhisbreakfast（他早餐喝牛奶、吃面包嗎？）句中的did是助動詞，既表示一般過去時(shí)，又和動詞have一起構(gòu)成疑問。can,may,must,need,dare,could,might等。它們不能單獨(dú)作謂語，必須與行為動詞（）一起作謂語，表示完整的意思。Eg：Icandance.（我會跳舞 can,能,MayIcomein（我可以進(jìn)來嗎？）may,可 形容詞副形容詞. adv. .Eg：Since1978,theamountofmoneyavailabletobuybookshasfallenby adj.Eg：Theymayonlyhavealimitedamountoftimetogettheirpoints adj.的，限 adj. n.完成式adj.完美的；最好的；精通的vt.使完美；使熟Eg：Hespokeperfect Eg:TherecentfloodinginthesouthwasaInthemostrecentattack,onemanwasshotdead twootherswere詞根 recentlyadv.最近；新 recentnessn.最 adj.morecomfortablemostcomfortableEg：Wealthempoweredhimtoliveacomfortablelife.使他能夠過舒適的生活adjcomfortlessfortablyfortcomforter安慰者；fort安慰；使（痛苦等）n.adj.adv.largerlargestadv.小小地；smallersmallestimportantadj.重要的，重大的，有地位的，力的Eg：Themostimportantthinginmylifewasmycareer.我生活中最重要的部分是事業(yè)。 adj.強(qiáng)大的；強(qiáng)有力 adv.很；非 Eg：They'rebothplayingexcellently. adj.Eg：Itseemedincrediblethatpeoplewouldstillwanttoplayfootballduringa adj.Eg：Accesstojusticeisabasicright.享有公正是一種基本權(quán)利。 n.adv.Eg：I'llbereadytogreetthem.MeanwhileI'mofftodiscusstheFowler'spartywithFelix.howeverconj.然而；可是adv.無論如何；不管怎樣Eg：Youshouldalwaysstrivetoachievemore,howeverwellyouhavedoneHoweverhardshetried,nothingseemedto conj.但是；不過；可是adj.唯一的，僅有的；最合適的adv.Eg：Thelawyerispaidonlyifhewins.一手：⒎二㈦00⒎○0.八;ShewastheonlywomaninS'slegalnotonly…butalso…不僅...而且... adv.寧可，寧愿；相當(dāng)Eg：Hewasnotonetoretreatbutratheronewhowouldtakeuptheratherthan而不是；寧可…wouldratheror rather adv.稍微...adv. Eg：Millionsofwildflowerscolourthevalleys,especiallyinApriland adv.instead Eg：Shefritteredawayhertimeingoingtothecinemainsteadof她不把時(shí)間花在學(xué)習(xí)上，而是浪費(fèi)在看上了。Whydon'tyouplayfootballinsteadofjustlookingon?n.vt.vi..at 終于；最后；最終inthe 在最Eg：Heranhiseyesdownthepageandfoundhisnameatlast. prep.除…之外adv.此外；而且Eg：Ithinkshehasmanygoodqualitiesbesidesbeingvery奔波是一種，讓我們感受生活Chapter8觀點(diǎn)positiveactivepraiseapprove二消極，否定，，，悲觀、三保持中立，漠不關(guān)心，公平，公正派,neutral一：積極，主動，贊揚(yáng)，同意.①There'sbeenapositiveresponsetotheUNSecretary-General'srecentpeace②Someofthestudiesshowpositiveresults,whereasothersdosure,certain,definite,sure：側(cè)重上對某事確信無疑。definite：指已毫無懷疑的余地。①M(fèi)ak