Unit3 The world of science達(dá)標(biāo)測(cè)試卷（含答案） 外研版（2019）必修第三冊(cè)

Unit3-Theworldofscience達(dá)標(biāo)測(cè)試卷時(shí)間：100分鐘滿分：120分選擇題部分第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AIt’ssurprisinghowmuchsimplemovementofthebodycanaffectthewaywethink.Usingexpansivegestureswithopenarmsmakesusfeelmorepowerful,crossingyourarmsmakesyoumoredeterminedandlyingdowncanbringmoreinsights.Soifmovingthebodycanhavetheseeffects,whatabouttheclotheswewear?We’reallwellawareofhowdressingupindifferentwayscanmakeusfeelmoreattractive,sportyorprofessional,dependingontheclotheswewear,butcantheclothesactuallychangecognitiveperformanceorisitjustafeeling?AdamandGalinskytestedtheeffectofsimplywearingawhitelabcoatonpeople’spowersofattention.Theideaisthatwhitecoatsareassociatedwithscientists,whoareinturnthoughttohavecloseattentiontodetail.Whattheyfoundwasthatpeoplewearingwhitecoatsperformedbetterthanthosewhoweren’t.Indeed,theymadeonlyhalfasmanyerrorsasthosewearingtheirownclothesontheStroopTest(onewayofmeasuingattention).Theresearcherscalltheeffect“enclothedcognition”,suggestingthatallmannerofdifferentclothesprobablyaffectourcognitioninmanydifferentways.Thisopensthewayforallsortsofclothes-basedexperiments.Isthewriterwhowearsafedoramorecreative?Isthepsychologistwearinglittleroundglassesandsmokingacigarmoreinsightful?Doesachef’shatmaketherestaurantfoodtastebetter?FromnowonIwillonlybeeditingarticlesforPsyBlogwhilewearingawhitecoattohelpkeepthetypingerrorcountlow.HopefullyyouwillbedoingyourpartbyreadingPsyBloginacapandgown(學(xué)位服).1.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Bodymovementschangethewaypeoplethink.B.Howpeopledresshasaninfluenceontheirfeelings.C.Whatpeoplewearcanaffecttheircognitiveperformance.D.Peopledoingdifferentjobsshouldweardifferentclothes.2.AdamandGalinsky’sexperimenttestedtheeffectofclothesontheirwearers’.

A.insights B.movementsC.attention D.appearance3.Howdoestheauthorsoundinthelastparagraph?A.Academic. B.Humourous.C.Formal. D.Hopeful.BWehumanslovetostareintooursmartdevices.Wegazeforhours—about10hoursand39minutesaday—atourcomputers,smartphones,tabletsandtelevisions.Isallthisstaringbadforus?Itmightbe,mainlybecauseaswestareatourdevicesweareexposingourselvestobluelight.Bluelightisatypeofelectromagneticradiationwithaveryshortwavelengththatproducesahighamountofenergy.Whileit’struethatlightcandamageoureyesundercertaincircumstances,there’snoscientificevidencesuggestingthatbluelightisharmfultooureyes.Butmanypeoplestillthinkitis,whichiswhybluelight-blockingglassesaresopopular.So,dotheglasseswork?“Everyoneisveryconcernedthatbluelightmaybecausingdamagetotheeye,butthere’snoevidencethatitmaybecausingseriousdamage,”DrRahulKhurana,aclinicalspokesman,toldBusinessInsider.Bluelightexposureisnothingnew.Infact,thesunisthelargestsourceofbluelight.Moreover,bluelightisalsopresentinLEDlight.Butifbluelightisn’tharmful,thenwhyareweconstantlyrubbingoureyeswhenwe’relookingatourscreens?Theansweriseyestrain(眼疲勞).Morethan60percentofpeopleexperienceeyeproblemsassociatedwithdigitaleyestrain.Andbluelight,itseems,isn’tthecause.Instead,oureyesaresostrainedbecausemostofusblinklesswhenwestareatourdigitaldevices.So,ifeyestrainistherealissue,bluelight-blockingglassesareprobablyoflittleuse.4.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph4?A.Rubbingeyesmakespeoplestrained.B.Bluelightexposureishardlyavoidable.C.Bluelightmayconnectwithtiredeyes.D.Eyeproblemsarenoteasytodealwith.5.Accordingtothetext,wearingbluelight-blockingglassesmaybe.

A.useless B.harmfulC.tiring D.beneficial6.Whatdoweknowaboutbluelight?A.Ithastheshortestwavelength.B.It’sakindofnuclearradiation.C.Itconsumesagreatdealofenergy.D.Itmaycomefromelectronicdevices.7.Whatcausesthepopularityofbluelight-blockingglasses?A.Evidenceoftheirbenefitstoeyes.B.Widespreaduseofsmartdevices.C.Beliefinbluelight’sharmfuleffect.D.Scientificunderstandingofbluelight.CDysonhasjustunveileditssecondbeautygadgetandit’scertainlygoingtomakewavesinmorewaysthanone.TheAirwrap(卷發(fā)棒)isthemuchanticipatedfollow-uptotheSupersonichairdryerwhichprovedahugehitdespitethe￡299cost.Thisnewgadgetpromisestobeawholenewwaytocreatewavesandsmoothblow-dries,butthepricealoneisenoughtomakeyourhaircurl,cominginatanevenheftier￡399.Sowhat,exactly,isyourmoneybuyingyou?CantherereallybeTHATdifferentawaytocurlyourhair?

Well,thisbeingDyson,theanswerisyes.It’sradicallydifferentfromyourtypicalcurlingironsthatinvolveyouphysicallywindingyourhairaroundascorching-hotbarrel.ThenewAirwraptechnologyusesjetsofairtoattractyourhairontothecurlingbarrel,automaticallywrappingitandshapingit.Allyouhavetodoisplaceasectionofhairclosetothestyler,andit’llwinditselfaroundthestylerbya(literally)invisibleforce.Ifyou’reabeautygeek,youmightliketoknowthatforcehasaname—theCoandaEffect.Thisoccurswhenahighspeedjetofairflowsacrossasurfaceandthedifferenceinpressuremakestheairflow(andanyhairthatgetscaughtupinitswake)attachitselftothatsurface.DysonsaystheCoandaeffectenablesyoutoshapeyourhairatfarlowertemperaturesthanregularstyling,whichtranslatesintolessdamage.LiketheSupersonicdryer,theAirwrapemploys“intelligentheatcontrol”,measuringthetemperatureupto40timesasecondtoensuretheheatneverreachesthepointwhereyourhairisfrazzledtothepointofnoreturn.TheAirwrapcomeswithdifferentattachments,dependingonthestyleyouwanttoachieve.YoucaneithergoforawavylookwiththecurlingbarrelorusetheCoandaeffecttoguideyourhairontothebrushattachment,replicatingasalonstyleblowdrywithoutthearmache.“Oncemyhairwaswrappedinplaceandhadbeensufficientlywhooshedforafewseconds,Ihitthecoolbuttontosetthestyle,thenslidthestyleroutofmyhair.Ifeltshocked,proud,ecstatic,disbelieving.Itwaskindoflikechildbirthwithoutthemess.”Thenagain,manypeoplewereinitiallyscepticalabouttheideaofcoughingupnearly￡300forahairdryer,yettheSupersonichasblownawayallthedoubters.Who’stosaytheAirwrapwon’tbeournewbestcurlfriend?TheDysonAirwrapisavailableatDysononlineandinDysonstores.8.ComparedwiththeSupersonichairdryer,theAirwrap.

A.ismuchbigger B.ismoreexpensiveC.couldn’tdryhair D.needsmoreenergy9.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentencemean?A.Isitworthyourmoney?B.Isitwhatyoureallywant?C.Coulditcurlyourhair?D.Isitaffordableforyou?10.WhatdoweknowabouttheAirwrap?A.Itdoeslittleharmtoyourhair.B.Youneedtowindyourhairaroundthestylerbyforce.C.The“intelligentheatcontrol”isuniquetotheAirwrap.D.Thekeytechnologycanensurethetemperaturehighenoughtoshapeyourhair.11.HowdoesthecustomerfeelwhensheusestheAirwrapforthefirsttime?A.Satisfied. B.Disappointed.C.Embarrassed. D.Skeptical.DMedhaGuptasometimesfeltworriedmakingthe20-minutewalkfromthecornerwheretheschoolbusdroppedherofftoherhomeinHerndon,Va.—especiallyduringthecoldermonthsinwinter.Hermother,DivyaGuptahadasuggestion:writeanapp.Shewashalf-kidding,butMedhatookthechallengeseriously.Soshewenttowork.TheresultwasSafeTravel,anappdesignedbyMedhatohelpwalkersfeelmoresecurewhentravellingalone.UsingtheiPhone,apersoncanprogramittosendawarningtosomeoneheorshetrustsifheorshefailstoarriveatadestinationwithinacertaintime.ItwasthefirstiOSappthatMedhahadcreated.Whileshedidn’tthinkmuchwouldcomefromtheproject,hereffortcaughttheeyeofjudgesfortheannualCongressionalAppChallenge,whoselectedherasthewinnerforVirginia’s10thDistrict.TheAppChallengeisdesignedtoencouragestudentstoconsidercareersinscience,technology,engineering,andmathbyexperimentingwithcodingandcomputerscience.WinningstudentsareinvitedtoattendareceptiononCapitolHillinAprilandalsoreceived$250inAmazonWebServicecredits.Medhasaidittookherabout40hourstodesign,programandtesttheapp.Asforhernextapp?Medha’snotcertain.Shetemporarilyhasherapp-developmentambitionsonholdbecauseshe’sbusyteachingherselfartificialintelligencetohelpdealwithimproperwordsonFacebook.Yes,sheknowsthatthereareteamsofengineersprobablydoingthesamething.Butshefiguresitcan’thurtherownpart,too.

“Ifweseesomethingwrongwiththeworld,weshoulddosomethingaboutit,”shesaid.“Afterall,theonlyonestoppingusfromdoingsomethingisourselves.”12.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“onhold”inParagraph6mean?A.Delayed. B.Developed.C.Suspected. D.Satisfied.13.WhatisMedha’sattitudetothechallenge?A.Curious. B.Sensitive.C.Uncertain. D.Optimistic.14.What’sthemainideaofthetext?A.MedharegisteredfortheAppChallenge.B.MedhadesignedSafeTravelsuccessfully.C.TheAppChallengedirectsstudentstochoosecareers.D.Anappguideswalkershome.15.WhydidMedhaGuptafeelworried?A.Ittookalongtimetowalkhome.B.Itwascolderthaneverinwinter.C.Itwasunsafetowalkhomealone.D.Itwasdifficulttowriteanapp.第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Self-drivingcarsarebelievedtobethefutureofdriving.CompaniesincludingToyota,UberandGoogleareallcompetingtobethefirsttobringthemtothemarket.However,carmakersneedtosolveoneproblemfirst:1Mostdriverstodayusegesturestoshowtheirintentions.Theywaveacarintoalane,ornodatpassers-byandcyclists,toletthemcross.2Sowhatcantheydo?UScarmakerFordanditspartnerVirginiaTechthinktheyhavetheanswer,accordingtoBusinessInsider.

3Forexample,ifadriverlesscarisgivingway,itcouldflashtwowhitelightssidetoside.Asolidwhitelightwouldtellpeoplenearbythattherearenohumansinthecar.Aslowblinkinglightwouldshowthecariscomingtoastop.4Totestthemethodonrealroads,theteamdesignedaspecialsuitthatlooksexactlylikeacarseat.Whenadriverwearsit,itlookslikethecarisdriverless.

Theteamsuccessfullycollectedmorethan1,500hoursofdataafterabout2,900kilometresof“self-driving”throughbusycities.5Fordsaysitplanstosharethedatawith11othercarmakers,accordingtoDOGONews.Fordhopesthatinthefuture,everycarmakerwillusethesamesystemofsignals.

A.Butself-drivingcarsdon’thavethisability.B.It’satestforthecompany’sself-drivingtechnology.C.Thedatarecordedhowpeopleinteractedwithadriverlessvehicle.D.Howdriverlesscarscommunicatewithpassers-by,bikersandotherdrivers?E.Arapidlyflashinglightwouldtellpassers-bythatacarisabouttospeedup.F.Morethanone-thirdofthemareworriedaboutthesafetyofself-drivingcars.G.Theteamistestingthemethodthatuseslightsignalstoshowwhatself-drivingcarsare.第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共三節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。IneverexpectedtogototheUniversityofMichigan.IgrewupinasmallMidwesttownwherecollegewasn’t1byanymeans.Manystudentsenteredtheworkplacestraightoutofhighschool.Foralongtime,thatiswhereIthoughtIwouldendup.

Duringmysenioryear,Istarted2everywhere.IhadtherequiredgradesandtheACT(AmericanCollegeTesting)3,butIcamefromatownofnowhere.Soyoucanimaginetheemotionsof4IhadwhenIreceivedabigenvelopeinthemailwiththeword“5”writtenacrossthetop.

Nowthattheopportunitywasopentome,Idecidedtogo.Ihadreceived6aidandscholarships,whichIthinkwasa7factorinthedecision.ButnomatterhowmuchworkI8,myparentsconsideredawasteof9.IoftenfeltIwaslacking10.Ididtheapplicationallbymyself.Aftermovingtothecollege,Ididtwojobsandpaidformy11andbills.

Lookingbackonitnow,Ifeelthatitwasn’t12tobeself-reliant.Butinthelongrun,I13thelackofsupportIhadatsuchakeypointinmylifewhichtaughtmetobe14andresponsibleinhardtimes,togobeyond15andtotrythingsIneverthoughtIwouldeverbeabletotry.Ibelievethat’swhatcollegeisallabout.

1.A.expected B.enviedC.admired D.afforded2.A.delivering B.applyingC.registering D.competing3.A.qualifications B.diplomasC.scores D.certificates4.A.anxiety B.reliefC.calmness D.conflict5.A.Wishes B.RegardsC.Cheers D.Congratulations6.A.financial B.spiritualC.academic D.parents’7.A.boring B.drivingC.discouraging D.promising8.A.getin B.takeinC.putin D.persistin9.A.space B.moneyC.resource D.time10.A.support B.courageC.motivation D.concern11.A.feasts B.necessitiesC.seminars D.majors12.A.hard B.rightC.easy D.awkward13.A.ignore B.appreciateC.forget D.disapprove14.A.independent B.easy-goingC.honest D.considerate15.A.recognition B.descriptionC.control D.expectation非選擇題部分第二節(jié)語(yǔ)篇語(yǔ)法填空(共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Awomansuddenly1.(go)blindinoneeyeafterplayingamobilephonegameforawholeweekinGuangdongProvincelastmonth.Theunnamedwomanadmittedto2.(regular)playingthegameforsevenoreighthourswithoutmovingandfinallylost3.(she)righteyesight.

Thegame,ArenaofValor4.(know)asHonorofKings,hasbecomehugelypopularinChinaandisduetobereleasedacrosstheUSandEurope.Being5.world’smostpopularonlinebattlegame,ithasover200millionplayersinChina.Thebattlegame6.(put)togetherateamoffiveplayerswhohavetofightothersinafantasylandfilled7.characters,andplayerscanbuyextrafeatureswhileplaying.

Theeyeinjuryfollowsaseriesof8.(incident).InJune,achildinShenzhenstole30,000yuan(￡3,450)fromhisparentstobuyadd-ons,anda13-year-oldinHangzhou,severelyinjuredhislegsafterjumpingfromafive-storeybuildingtoescapefromhisfather9.wastryingtostophimplaying.

Inacountryinwhich60percentofthepopulationhaveasmartphone,thegamehasbeenhighly10.(success),partlybecauseitisfreetoplay.第四部分寫作(滿分40分)第一節(jié)應(yīng)用文寫作（15分）假如你是李華,你市將舉辦國(guó)際馬拉松賽,請(qǐng)你給外教John發(fā)一封電子郵件,邀請(qǐng)他一起報(bào)名參加。主要內(nèi)容包括:1.告知馬拉松比賽的具體信息;2.說(shuō)明邀請(qǐng)理由;3.希望對(duì)方參加。注意:1.詞數(shù)100左右;2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫。DearJohn,Iampleasedtotellyouthataninternationalmarathonwilltakeplaceinourcity.Yours,LiHua第二節(jié)故事續(xù)寫（25分）閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。續(xù)寫的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。Timrecentlygraduatedfromtheuniversityandwaslookingforajob.AftersearchingontheInternet,hefoundoutthatafamousonlinebusinesscompanyisrecruitinganewofficemanager.Manycandidatesappliedfortheentryexam,butonlyonewouldbeacceptedintheend.TimnoticedtheresumesofothercandidatesandwassurprisedtoseethatsomeofthemheldaMaster’sDegreeorevenaDoctor’sDegree.ButTimwasonlyaBachelor,andbarelymetthelowestrequirementofthediploma.Timfeltabitfrustratedbecausehehadnoadvantageoverothercandidateswhowereexcellentstudents.Allthecandidatesenteredtheexamhallafterhandinguptheirresumes.Timscannedthroughthepagesofthetestpaperandfoundoutthatthequestionswereverydifficultforhim.Timtriedtocalmdownandfocusonthequestionsthemselvesinsteadoftheirdifficultylevel.Hestartedwiththeeasiestonesandmovedontothemoredifficultonesslowly.Thereweretwoinvigilators(監(jiān)考人)inthehall,oneofthemwastallandthin,whiletheotherinvigilatorwasoftheopposite:hewasshortandfat.Theyseemedtobequiteconfidentaboutthehonestyofthecandidatesandwereabsent-minded.Afterabout10minutes,oneoftheinvigilatorslefttoansweraphonecall.Theotherinvigilatorsoonwentouttoo.Theatmosphereintheexamhallchangedaftertheinvigilatorshadleft.Someofthecandidatestookoutnotesandbooks,someofthembroughttabletstosearchforanswers,andsomeevencalledothersforhelp.Timlookedback,andhesawthecandidatesittingbehindhimcheatingtoo.ThemanwinkedtoTim,asiftellinghimtocheatinthetestbecauseeveryonewasdoingso.Timshookhisheadandcontinueddoingthedifficultproblemsataslowpace.Inabouthalfanhour,theinvigilatorsreturnedtotheexamhall.Timstillhadonequestionleftblankattheendofthetest.Hewasalmostsurethathewasnotgoingtobeaccepted.Paragraph1:ThetestresultwastoTim’ssurprise.Paragraph2:Timthenunderstoodeverythingthathadhappened.參考答案：【閱讀理解】A:1-3CCBB:4-7BADCC:8-11BAAAD:12-15ADBC【七選五】1-5DAGEC【完形填空】1-5ABCDD6-10ABCDA11-15BCBAD【語(yǔ)法填空】1.went考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。該句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)為lastmonth,所以此處用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。2.regularly考查副詞?？仗幮揎梽?dòng)詞playing,應(yīng)用副詞形式,故填regularly。3.her考查人稱代詞。根據(jù)空后的“righteyesight”可知,此處應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞修飾名詞,故填her。4.known考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處表示“這款名為ArenaofValor的游戲,被人們所熟知的名字為“王者榮耀”。此處非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與它所修飾的名詞之間為被動(dòng)