最新高考英語閱讀理解社會文化解題技巧講解及練習(xí)題含答案

最新高考英語閱讀理解(社會文化)解題技巧講解及練習(xí)題(含答案)一、高中英語閱讀理解社會文化類.閱讀理解TherearelotsofwaystoeducateyourselfontheInternet.Youcanfindphotos,documents,andfilmsonalmostanytopicyoucanimagine.Andat,youcanaccesslecturesbyartists,scholars,designers,techniciansandothers.ExplorethespiritandwisdomofyouthTALKS.IMTEnVJE.W€.AHOHOHE.■TEDbeganin1984asaconferencethatbroughttogetherindividualsfromthefieldsoftechnology,entertainmentanddesign.Itwasintendedtobeaone-timeeventfocusingontechnologyanddesign.Theeventendeduplosingmoney,anditwassixyearsbeforethefounderstrieditagain.Thistimeitworked,andsince1990,theTEDconferencehasbeenanannualevent.Therearenowtwoheldeveryyear,withtopicsasdiverseasmusic,medicine,andmoney.Otherspecializedspin-offconferencesaddressnarrowerissues.TheTEDwebsitecamefromadesiretosharetheconferenceswiththeworld,to"offerfreeknowledgefromtheworld'smostinspiredthinkers,"asthewebsiteputsit.ThecurrentversionofthesitewaslaunchedinApril2007,andcontainsvideosoftalksgivenattheTEDconferencesaroundtheworld.Thetalksaretranscribedintohundredsoflanguages.TheTEDwebsiteisownedbytheSaplingFoundation,anonprofitdevotedtofosteringthespreadofgreatideas.TheSaplingfoundationacquiredTEDin2001.Sincethen,ithasbeenfocusingonusingTEDtobroadcastideasthatmightchangetheworld.TED,ofcourse,isn'timmunetocriticism.It'sbeencalledelitist(精英)foritshighticketprices(morethan6,000dollarstotal).It'sbeenaccusedbyafewpeopleofcensorshipfornotpublishingtheirtalks.Onecontroversialspeakerwasupsetaboutbeingcriticizedbytheconference'shostafterward.Thecomplaints,however,seemtoberelativelyfewforsuchalarge,long-runningorganization.AndaccusationsofelitismringhollowwhensomuchisgivenawayforfreeonTED'swebsite.Whateveritsfailings,TEDisasourceofinspirationalinformationforthosewhoseekitout.Whatisthemaintopicofthearticle?A.ThecaseagainstTEDB.What'sonTEDtoday.C.Prosandconsof.D.WhatisTEDWhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.TheTEDconferencecameafterthesuccessof.B.TwoTEDconferencesarenowheldeveryyear.C.TEDtalksareavailableinmanylanguages.D.TheSaplingFoundationowns.Fromthelasttwoparagraphs,wecaninferthat.A.itisacceptedtoallinvolvedthatsomeTEDtalksmightnotbepublishedB.thehostoftheconferenceisonewhoplaysasupportiveroletothespeakersC.TEDiscriticizedforgivingspecialtreatmenttothewealthyorpowerfulD.thenegativecommentsonTEDgreatlyaffectsitsreputationThisauthorprobablybelievesthat.A.TEDiselitistB.TEDisbeneficialC.TEDisn'timportantD.TEDisthebestwebsite【答案】(1)DA(3)C(4)B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了TED以及它的歷史發(fā)展。(1)考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第一段中的"Andat,youcanaccesslecturesbyartists,scholars,designers,techniciansandothers/在,你可以訪問藝術(shù)家、學(xué)者、設(shè)計師、技術(shù)人員和其他人的演講。以及以下幾個段落的內(nèi)容，可知這篇文章的主題是“TED是什么〃，故選D。(2)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“TheTEDwebsitecamefromadesiretosharetheconferenceswiththeworld,to/offerfreeknowledgefromtheworld'smostinspiredthinkers,,asthewebsiteputsit.〃TED網(wǎng)站源于一種與世界分享會議的愿望，用網(wǎng)站的話說，就是‘向世界上最有靈感的思想家們提供免費(fèi)的知識〃?？芍癟ED大會是在網(wǎng)站成功之后召開的〃這種表述錯誤，故選A。(3)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“TED,ofcourse,isn'timmunetocriticism.It'sbeencalledelitist(精英)fohtshighticketprices.〃當(dāng)然，TED也免不了受到批評。它因其高昂的票價被稱為精英主義；以及最后一段中的“AndaccusationsofelitismringhollowwhensomuchisgivenawayforfreeonTED'swebsite.〃而當(dāng)這么多東西在泰德的網(wǎng)站上免費(fèi)贈送時，精英主義的指責(zé)就顯得空洞了?？赏茢喑?，TED因給予富人或有權(quán)勢的人特殊待遇而受到批評，故選C。(4)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Whateve門tsfailings,TEDisasourceofinspirationalinformationforthosewhoseekitout.〃不管它的缺點(diǎn)是什么，TED都是那些尋找它的人鼓舞人心的信息來源。可推斷出，這位作者可能認(rèn)為TED是有益的，故選B?！军c(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。2.閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Althoughnotasmuchasinthepast,grandparentsaretheteachersoftheNavajo(納瓦霍人)youth.Theymakeyoungpeopleawareoflifeatanearlyage.Theparentsgrantthemtheprivilegeofteachingthechildren,andthegrandparentstakegreatprideinraisingthechildrenoratleasthavingabigpartinraisingthem.Youngchildrenoftenstaywiththeirgrandparentsforyearsatatimedevelopingacloseandtrustingrelationship.ThegrandparentsteachthechildrenNavajolegendsandtheprincipleoflife,emphasizingbothnewculturetrendsandthepreservationoftraditions.Thegrandparentsarealsooftentheleadingfiguresinteachingtheyouththeartsofweaving,caringforthelivestock,usingherbalmedicine,andotherartsandcrafts.Thechildrenaretaughttorespecttheirelders,tocareforthem,tohelpthemwhenevertheyareinneed,andtolearnfromthem.Youngpeopleareurgedtolistenwithcaretothewordsoftheireldersandtokeepasmuchwisdomaspossible.Grandparentsoftengotosocialgatheringsandtraditionalevents,andtheyounghaveopportunitiestolearnmoreabouttheircultureandtraditions.Ilivewithmygrandmotherforthirteenyears,andsheraisedmeintheoldwaysofourpeople.AlthoughIwasgoingtoschool,shetaughtmeasmuchasshecouldaboutourtraditions.Shewasabeautifulwoman.IfIhadachance,Iwouldlistenagaintoherwiseteachings,expressedwithkindnessinasoftvoicethattouchedmyheart.Weusedtoplantcornandpumpkineverysummer.Theynevergrewbigenoughtofeedus,butweplantedthemanyway.Iaskedmygrandmotherwhy.Shesaid,"Grandson,ourplantswillbefarmorebeautifulthantheflowersoutsidethefence."IdidnotunderstanduntilonedayIsawtheirbeautyasIwascomingoverthehillwithher.Shesaid,"Anythingthatisapartofyouisalwaysfarmorebeautifulthanthethingswhichyoupassby."Wehadsomebeautifulyearstogether.IamgladsheisapartofmeandIamapartofher.Childrenusedtobewelldisciplined,possessingmorerespectforculture,tradition,andbeliefsthantheydonow.TheworldoftheNavajohasbeeninfluencedbythewesternworld,andthegrandparentshavelesscontrolandinfluencethantheyusedto.Buttheyoungpeoplewhohavebeentouchedbytheirteachingshaveglimpsedawayoflifebeyondwhatmostpeopleknowtoday.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph1?Parentshatetotakethetroubletoraisechildren.SchoolsarenotverypopularwiththeNavajoyouth.Grandparentsareusuallyunwillingtoteachtheirgrandchildren.Childrenlearnaboutthemeaningoflifefromtheirgrandchildren.Whydidtheauthor'sgrandmotherplantcornandpumpkin?Becauseshehatedwildflowers.Becausesheneededtofeedherfamily.Becauseshetriedtomakeherfencemorebeautiful.Becauseshewantedhergrandsontolearnalifelesson.What'stheauthor'sopinionaccordingtothepassage?Grandparentsarethesourceoftraditionalculture.Hisgrandmother'steachingcouldreplaceschooling.ThewesternworldishardlyinfluencedbytheNavajos.Itisimpossibletogetgrandparentsinvolvedinteachingagain.What'sthepurposeofthearticle?Tohonortheauthor'sgrandmother.TosharewithreadersaNavajoculture.ToemphasizethegreatnessofNavajo.TointroducethedevelopmentofNavajotribes.【答案】（1）DDAB【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，作者介紹了納瓦霍人的一種文化：由祖父母來教育孫子輩，讓他們學(xué)到生活中的道理。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的"grandparentsaretheteachersoftheNavajo納瓦霍人）youth.Theymakeyoungpeopleawareoflifeatanearlyage."可知，祖父母們是年輕人的老師，使年輕人在很小的時候就認(rèn)識生活。故選D。（2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第六段中的"Grandson,ourplantswillbefarmorebeautifulthantheflowersoutsidethefence."以及"Anythingthatisapartofyouisalwaysfarmorebeautifulthanthethingswhichyoupassby."可知，祖母種植玉米和南瓜是為了讓作者明白一個生活的道理：任何屬于你的東西，總是比你路過的東西更美。從而推斷出祖母是想讓她的孫子學(xué)到人生的一課。故選D。（3）考查推理判斷。第一段提出“納瓦霍人的孫子輩主要由祖父母來教育，他們在撫養(yǎng)孩子方面起了很大的作用〃，接著對此進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的介紹。最后一段“那些被他們的祖父母教導(dǎo)所感動的年輕人，已經(jīng)發(fā)找到了一種大多數(shù)人今天所不知道的生活方式〃。由此可推斷出本文主要介紹了納瓦霍人的一種文化：由祖父母們教育孫子輩，讓他們認(rèn)識生活，學(xué)到其中的道理。故選A。（4）考查主旨大意。第一段中的"grandparentsaretheteachersoftheNavajo（納瓦霍人）youth.Theymakeyoungpeopleawareoflifeatanearlyage."納瓦霍人的祖父母們成為年輕一代人的老師，在教育孫子輩起著重要的作用。是主旨句，接著下文較為詳細(xì)地介紹了納瓦霍人的這種文化。由此可推斷出作者是與讀者分享一種納瓦霍人的文化。由選B?！军c(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。It'snotunusualtoseeanunreasonablechildlyingonthegrounddrumminghisheels.Besidehimisadesperatemotheryellingatthetopofherlungs.Raisingawell-behavedkidisreallyahead-scratchingthing.Ifyoutookalltheparentingstylesaroundtheworldandrankedthembytheirgentleness,the

Inuit(因紐特人)approachwouldcertainlyranknearthetop.Allthemomsmentiononegoldenrole:Don'tshoutoryellatsmallchildren.Inuit'sno-yellingpolicyistheircentralcomponenttoraisingcool-headedkids.Thecultureviewsscolding,orevenspeakingtochildreninallangryvoice,asinappropriate,althoughlittlekidsarepushingparents'buttons.Playful"storytelling"isanothertricktosculptingkids'behavior.Butthisstorytellingdiffershugelyfromthosefairytalesfullofmorallessons.Parents"retell"whathappenedwhenaboythrewatantrum(發(fā)脾氣)bywayofwhatShakespearewouldunderstandalltoowell:puttingona"drama".Afterthechildhascalmeddown,theparentswillreviewwhathappenedwhenthechildmisbehaved,usuallystartingwithaquestion:"Canyoushowushowtothrowatantrum?"Thenthechildhastothinkwhatheshoulddo.Ifhetakesthebaitandperformstheaction,themomwillaskafollow-upquestionwithaplayfultone.Forexample:"Doesthatseemright?"or"Areyouababy?"Sheisgettingacrosstheideathat"bigboys"won'tthrowatantrum.Kids'brainsarestilldevelopingthecircuitryneededforself-control.Whatyoudoinresponsetoyourchildren'semotionsshapestheirbrains.Sonexttime,seeingyourboymisbehave,tryusingtheInuit'sstorytellingapproach.Anddon'tforgettokeepcool.Afterall,boyswillbeboys.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains"pushingparents'buttons"underlinedinParagraph2?A.Talkingwithparents. B.Playingwithparents'buttons.C.Exposingparents'faults. D.Makingparentsannoyed.WhatdoweknowaboutInuit's"storytelling"?A.Itaimsatplayingatrickonkids. B.Itraiseskids'awarenessofmorality.C.Itcomesafterachildmisbehaves. D.ItanalyzesShakespeare'sdramas.What'stheauthor'sattitudetochildren'smisbehavior?A.CautiousB.TolerantC.UncaringD.SkepticalA.CautiousB.TolerantC.UncaringD.SkepticalWhat'sthemainideaofthetext?Inuit'sapproachtoparenting.C.Causesofchildren'smisbehavior.Inuit'sapproachtoparenting.C.Causesofchildren'smisbehavior.【答案】(1)D(2)CValuesofreadingliteraryworks.D.Parents'responsesto"storytelling".(3)B(4)A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，因紐特人教育孩子的方式最溫柔，介紹了因紐特人教育孩子的黃金規(guī)則“不對小孩叫喊〃以及他們塑造孩子行為的一種方式“講故事〃，讓我們時刻記住孩子做錯事的時候要保持冷靜。(1)考查詞義猜測。劃線詞組所在句子為讓步狀語從句，"although(即使)"前后句是相反關(guān)系。句意為：這種文化認(rèn)為訓(xùn)斥孩子，或者以生氣的口吻對孩子說話都是不合適的，即使小孩子讓家長生氣的時候也是這樣。故選D。(2)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的"Parents"retell"whathappenedwhenaboythrewatantrum(發(fā)脾氣)bywayof…"可知，家長講述的是小男孩發(fā)脾氣時所發(fā)生的事情。也就是說故事內(nèi)容就是小孩子做錯的事情。故選C。(3)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的"Anddon'tforgettokeepcool.Afterall,boyswillbeboys.不要忘記保持冷靜。畢竟，孩子就是孩子。”可知，作者認(rèn)為小孩子犯錯時，家長要寬容孩子的錯誤，不能對孩子要求太高。故選B。(4)考查主旨大意。文章主要通過講述因紐特人溫柔地教育孩子的方式，讓我們對如何教育孩子有所啟發(fā)。故選A。【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測，推理判斷和主旨大意四個題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。.閱讀理解Academiclearningisusuallyinthespotlightatschool,butteachingelementary-agestudents“soft”skillslikeself-controlandhowtogetalongwithothersmighthelptokeepat-riskkidsoutofcriminaltroubleinthefuture.OnceaprogramcalledFastTrackwasstartedintheearly1990sformorethan7,600childrenof55schoolsinAmerica.Theywereidentifiedbytheirteachersandparentstobeathighriskfordevelopingaggressivebehavioralproblems.Thestudentswererandomlydividedintotwogroups;halftookpartintheintervention,whichincludedateacher-ledcurriculum,parenttraininggroups,academictutoringandlessonsinself-controlandsocialskills.Theprogram,whichlastedfromfirstgradethrough10thgrade,reduceddelinquency(少年犯罪)，arrestsanduseofhealthandmentalhealthservicesasthestudentsagedthroughadolescenceandyoungadulthood.Inanotherlateststudy,bylookingatthedatafromnearly900studentsinpreviousfindings,researchersfoundthataboutathirdoftheinfluenceonfuturecrimeoutcomeswasduetothesocialandself-regulationskillsthestudentslearnedfromages6to11.Theacademicskills,orhardskillslikelearningofphysics,whichweretaughtaspartofFastTrack,turnedouttohavelessofaninfluenceoncrimeanddelinquencyratesthandidthesoftskills,whichareassociatedwithemotional(情緒的)intelligence.Softskillsmightincludeteachingkidstoworkcooperativelyinagrouporteachingthemhowtothinkaboutthelong-termconsequenceswhentheymakeadecision.Researchersdrewtheconclusionthatthesesoftskillsshouldbeemphasizedevenmoreinoureducationsystemandinoursystemofsocializingchildren.Parentsshoulddoalltheycantopromotetheseskillswiththeirchildrenasshouldeducationpolicymakers.Totheextentwecanimprovethoseskills,wecanimproveoutcomesindelinquency.FastTrackwasintendedforchildrenwho—.A.wererandomlychosenfromtheirschoolsB.hadsomeproblemswithacademiclearningC.oftenwentagainsttheirteachersandparents'wishesD.wereconsideredtohavecriminaltroubleinthefutureWhatcanbelearnedabout"theintervention"inParagraph2?A.Itincludedallthestudents. B.Itfocusedonsocialskills.C.Itimprovedhealthservices. D.Ithadpositiveoutcomes.Comparedwithsoftskills,hardskills .A.almosthavenoinfluenceonstudentsB.aremoreaffectedbystudents'emotionC.aremainlyrelatedtoacademiclearningD.offerchildrengreaterself-controlabilitiesWhichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.SoftSocialSkillsMatter B.FastTrackHelpsChildrenC.HowtoPreventDelinquency D.WhattoDOforEducation【答案】(1)DDC(4)A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，講述的是軟社交技能的重要性。⑴考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的"Academiclearningisusuallyinthespotlightatschool,butteachingelementary-agestudents/soft’skillslikeself-controlandhowtogetalongwithothersmighthelptokeepat-riskkidsoutofcriminaltroubleinthefuture.可知，F(xiàn)astTrack是為那些在未來被認(rèn)為有犯罪問題的兒童準(zhǔn)備的。故選D。⑵考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第二段中的"Thestudentswererandomlydividedintotwogroups;halftookpartintheintervention,whichincludedateacher-ledcurriculum,parenttraininggroups,academictutoringandlessonsinself-controlandsocialskills.”學(xué)生被隨機(jī)分為兩組；一半的人參與了theintervention，其中包括教師主導(dǎo)的課程、家長培訓(xùn)小組、學(xué)術(shù)輔導(dǎo)以及自我控制和社交技巧方面的課程。由此推知劃線詞的意思是'輔導(dǎo)〃，故選D。⑶考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的"Theacademicskills,orhardskillslikelearningofphysics,whichweretaughtaspartofFastTrack,turnedouttohavelessofaninfluenceoncrimeanddelinquencyratesthandidthesoftskills,whichareassociatedwithemotional(情緒的)intelligence/可知，與軟技能相比，硬技能主要與學(xué)術(shù)學(xué)習(xí)有關(guān)。故選C。⑷考查主旨大意。根據(jù)最后一段中的"Researchersdrewtheconclusionthatthesesoftskillsshouldbeemphasizedevenmoreinoureducationsystemandinoursystemofsocializingchildren.〃可知，本文講述的是軟社交技能的重要性。故選A?！军c(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及推理判斷，詞義猜測和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇社會類閱讀，要求考生根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。5.閱讀理解EntrepreneurandCEOofTeslaandSpaceX,日donMuskmayhavealittlemoretimeonhishands,ashe'sleavinghispositionontheboardoftheOpenAl,accordingtoablogpost.ThedepartureislikelytheresultofTesla'smovingintothefieldofArtificialIntelligence(AI)，whichhesaidin2017wouldbethe“bestintheworld”andwouldevenbeableto“predictyourdestination,”Muskwillcontinueto“donateandadvisetheorganization,”O(jiān)penAIsaidinablogpostonFeb.20,addingthat“AsTeslacontinuestobecomemorefocusedonAI,thiswillavoidapotentialfutureconflictfor日don.MuskandYCombinerCEOSamAltmanco-foundedthenonprofitenterpriseinDecember2015,itsmissionistodevelopsafeartificialgeneralintelligenceandensurethosedevelopmentsaremadepublic.OpenAIresearcherspublishedapaperonthesiteArXiv,org,detailingthepossiblesecurethreatsthatcomewith“malicious”AI.Infact,Muskhasheardthe“evilAI”alarmseveraltimes,OnAug.11,2017,hewarnedthatartificialintelligenceposesabiggerthreattohumanity,andhetoldagatheringofstategovernorsthatthegovernmentneedstoregulateAlbeforerobotsstart“killingpeople.”Musk'sdeparturefromtheOpenAIboardcouldmeanbigthingsforTesla.AsEtonGoodbye,afinancialreporter,notedonFuturism,themove“couldsignalthatTeslaismoredeeplycommittedtotheirownAIprojectsthanwethought.”Headded,“Thosewhohavehadtheirearstoanyrumors(謠言)thatTeslaisreadytodelivervehiclescapableofLevel5autonomycouldtakethisnewOpenAldevelopmentasasignthatthecompanyisinchingclosertothatunapproachablegoal,“Nocompanyhasreachedthatlevelofautonomy,whichmeansthatadriverlesscarcouldnavigateanyroadunderanyconditionsandthatallthehuman“driver”wouldneedtodoistoinputadestination.Whydoes日donMuskleavehisposition?A.TocreatesaferAI. B.TobuildpowerfulInternet.C.Todevelopsocialcommunication.D.ToavoidapossibleconflictwithTesla.WhatistheEldonMusk'sattitudetowardstheAI?A.Ambiguous. B.Supportive. C.Negative. D.Sympathetic.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“malicious”inParagraph3mean?A.Poisonous. B.Unpopular. C.Advanced. D.Traditional.WhatcanweinferfromEtonGoodbye'scomments?A.Level5autonomyisimpossible. B.TherumorsaboutTeslaismeaningless.C.HehasnoconfidenceinOpenAI. D.Level5autonomycouldsethumandriversfree.【答案】(1)D(2)B(3)A(4)D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了傳奇人物埃隆?馬斯克和他的公司。⑴考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“EntrepreneurandCEOofTeslaandSpaceX,EldonMuskmayhavealittlemoretimeonhishands,ashe'sleavinghispositionontheboardoftheOpenAI,accordingtoablogpost/和第二段中的“addingthat“AsTeslacontinuestobecomemorefocusedonAI,thiswillavoidapotentialfutureconflictforEldon.”可知EldonMusk離開他的職位是為了避免可能和Tesla產(chǎn)生沖突，故D。⑵考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“Muskwillcontinueto“donateandadvisetheorganization”可推知EldonMusk對于AI的態(tài)度是同情，故選B。⑶考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第三段中的“Infact,Muskhasheardthe/evilAI,alarmseveraltimes.”可猜測出“malicious〃的意思是有害的，故選A。⑷考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Nocompanyhasreachedthatlevelofautonomy,whichmeansthatadriverlesscarcouldnavigateanyroadunderanyconditionsandthatallthehuman‘driver,wouldneedtodoistoinputadestination.可推出“Level5autonomy”將會讓人類司機(jī)解放，故選D?！军c(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及詞義猜測和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇介紹類閱讀，要求考生根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。6.閱讀理解SweetestDayisalwaysthethirdSaturdayinOctober.Thisholidayismuchmoreimportantinsomeregionsthaninothers(Detroit,ClevelandandBuffalobeingthebiggestSweetestDaycities).Itisaholidaythatisgaininginpopularityeveryyearthroughoutthecountry.SweetestDayiscelebratedonthethirdSaturdayinOctoberasadaytomakesomeonehappy.Itisanoccasionwhichoffersallofusanopportunitytoremembernotonlythesick,aged,andorphaned,butalsofriends,relativesandassociateswhosehelpfulnessandkindnesswehaveenjoyed.Over60yearsago,aClevelandman,believingthatthecity'sorphansandshut-ins(臥病在床的人)toooftenfeltforgottenandneglected,formedtheideaofshowingthemthattheywereremembered.Hedidthisthroughthedistribution(分發(fā))ofsmallgifts.Withthehelpofhisfriendsandneighbors,hedistributedthesesmallremembrancesonaSaturdayinOctober.Duringtheyearsthatfollowed,otherClevelandersbegantoparticipateinthecelebrationceremony,whichcametobecalled"SweetestDay".Intime,theSweetestDayideaofspreadingcheertotheunderprivileged(弱勢群體)wasbroadenedtoincludeeveryone,andbecameanoccasionforrememberingotherswithakindactorasmallremembrance.Andsoontheideaspreadtoothercitiesalloverthecountry.SweetestDayisnotbasedonanysinglegroup'sreligiousbelieforonafamilyrelationship.Itisareminderthatathoughtfulwordordeedenricheslifeandgivesitmeaning.Becauseformanypeoplerememberingtakestheformofgift-giving,SweetestDayoffersustheopportunitytoshowothersthatwecare,inapracticalway.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothefirstparagraph?A.MoreandmorepeoplearenowcelebratingSweetestDayinthewholecountry.B.SweetestDayisaholidaywhichalwaysfallsontheSaturdayinOctober.C.SweetestDayismuchmoreimportantinbigcitiesthaninsmallcities.D.Onlyafewreligioushavethetraditiontocelebratetheholiday.TheideaofcreatingSweetestDaycamefrom.A.thecity'sorphansandshut-insB.acitynamedCleveland60yearsagoC.amanwhocaredorphansandshut-insD.aman'sfriends,relativesandassociatesSweetestDayiscelebratedinthefollowingwaysEXCEPT.A.akindactB.afamilypartyC.gift-givingD.asmallremembranceFromthethirdparagraphwecanlearnthat.A.itisthepeopleinClevelandwhospreadSweetestDaytoothercitiesB.onlywiththehelpoftheman'sfriendsandneighbors,hegotasmallremembranceC.over60yearsago,amantoooftenfeltforgottenandneglectedD.allpeoplelovedtoberememberedbyothersonSweetestDayinCleveland【答案】（1）ACBA【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了美國的甜蜜日。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的"Itisaholidaythatisgaininginpopularityeveryyearthroughoutthecountry」可知，甜蜜日是一個在全國每年都越來越受歡迎的節(jié)日。故選A。（2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“Over60yearsago,aClevelandman,believingthatthecity'sorphansandshut-ins（臣卜病在床的人）toooftenfeltforgottenandneglected,formedtheideaofshowingthemthattheywereremembered.”60多年前，一個克利夫蘭人認(rèn)為，這個城市的孤兒和被關(guān)在家里的人常常感到被遺忘和忽視，于是產(chǎn)生了這樣一個想法：讓他們知道，他們被人記掛著。由此可以推斷出，創(chuàng)造甜蜜日的想法來自一個關(guān)心孤兒和自閉的人。故選C。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“Hedidthisthroughthedistribution（分發(fā)）ofsmallgift”以及“皿time,theSweetestDayideaofspreadingcheertotheunderprivileged（弱勢群體）wasbroadenedtoincludeeveryone,andbecameanoccasionforrememberingotherswithakindactorasmallremembrance.”可知，慶祝甜蜜日可以通過送小禮物，小小的紀(jì)念品或者善意的行為。文章中并沒有提可以通過家庭聚會的方式來慶祝。故選B。（4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“Intime,theSweetestDayideaofspreadingcheertotheunderprivileged（弱勢群體）wasbroadenedtoincludeeveryone,andbecameanoccasionforrememberingotherswithakindactorasmallremembrance.Andsoontheideaspreadtoothercitiesalloverthecountry/隨著時間的推移，向弱勢群體傳播歡樂的最甜蜜的一天的想法被擴(kuò)大到包括所有人，并成為用善意的行為或小小的紀(jì)念來紀(jì)念他人的一個場合。很快這個想法就傳遍了全國其他城市。由此可以推斷出，是克利夫蘭的人民把最甜蜜日傳播到其他城市。故選A?！军c(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。7.閱讀短文，從短文后每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Overtheyears,cheerleadinghastakentwoprimaryforms:game-timecheerleadingandcompetitivecheerleading.Game-timecheerleaders'maingoalistoentertainthecrowdandleadthemwithteamcheers,whichshouldnotbeconsideredasport.However,competitivecheerleadingismorethanaformofentertainment.Itisreallyacompetitivesport.Competitivecheerleadingincludeslotsofphysicalactivity.Themajorityoftheteamsrequireacertainleveloftumbling（翻騰）ability.It'saverycommonthingforgymnasts,soit'seasyforthemtogointocompetitivecheerleading.Usuallythesecheerleadersintegratelotsoftheirgymnasticsexperienceincludingtheirjumps,tumbling,andoverallenergy.Theyalsoperformlifts

andthrows.Thisiswherethe"fliers"arethrownintheair,heldby"bases"indifferentpositionsthatrequirestrengthandworkingwithotherteammates.Competitivecheerleadingisalsoanactivitythatisgovernedbyrulesunderwhichawinnercanbedeclared.Itisawardedpointsfortechnique,creativityandsharpness.Usuallythemoredifficulttheactionis,thebetterthescoreis.That'swhycheerleadersaretryingtoexperiencegreatdifficultyintheirperformance.Besides,thereisalsoastrictruleoftime.Thewholeperformancehastobecompletedinlessthanthreeminutesandfifteenseconds,duringwhichthecheerleadersarerequiredtostaywithinacertainarea.Anyperformancebeyondthelimitoftimeisinvalid.Anotherreasonforthefactthatcompetitivecheerleadingisoneofthehardestsportsisthatithasmorereportedinjuries.Accordingtosomeresearch,competitivecheerleadingisthenumberonecauseofserioussportsinjuriestowomen.Emergencyroomvisitsforitarefivetimesthenumberthanforanyothersport,partiallybecausecheerleadersdon'tuseprotectiveequipment.Smilingcheerleadersarethrownintotheairandmovedownintothearmsoftheteammates,whichmayeasilycauseinjuries.Generally,theseinjuriesaffectallareasofthebody,includingwrists,shoulders,ankles,head,andneck.Therecanbenodoubtthatcompetitivecheerleadingisasportwithprofessionalskills.Hopefully,itwillappearintheOlympicssincecheerleadersarejustasathleticandphysicallyfitasthoseinvolvedinthemoreacceptedsports.Itshouldbenotedthatitisateamsportandeventhesmallestmistakemadebyoneteammatecanbringthescoreoftheentireteamdown.Sowithoutworkingtogethertoachievethegoal,firstplaceisoutofreach.Whatisthemainpurposeofcompetitivecheerleading?A.Tocompareskillsofparticipants. B.Tomaketheaudiencefeelamused.C.Toattractmorepeopletowatchevents. D.Tocheerupthecompetitorsonthecourt.Theunderlinedword"integrate"inParagraph2probablymeans"".A.examine B.combine C.identify D.replaceWecanlearnfromthepassagethatcompetitivecheerleading.lacksnecessaryguidelinestofollowenjoysgreaterpopularitythanothersportsrequiresmoredesignedactionsthangymnasticshasarelativelyhighrateofdamagetothebodyWhichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthepassage?IntroductionP:PointSp:Sub-point(次要點(diǎn))C:ConclusionD.

【答案】（1）ABD（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了競技啦啦隊不同于普通的啦啦隊，它是一項(xiàng)具有專業(yè)技能的運(yùn)動，有自己的規(guī)則，融入了一些體操的技能。隊員必須有團(tuán)隊精神，隊員的受傷率很高。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的"competitivecheerleadingismorethanaformofentertainment.Itisreallyacompetitivesport.和Competitivecheerleadingincludeslotsofphysicalactivity/及最后一段中的"Therecanbenodoubtthatcompetitivecheerleadingisasportwithprofessionalskills.”競技啦啦隊是競爭性的運(yùn)動，是一項(xiàng)具有專業(yè)技能的運(yùn)動。故選A。（2）考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第二段中的"includingtheirjumps,tumbling,andoverallenergy.”通常這些競技啦啦隊長會將他們的體操經(jīng)驗(yàn)融入其中，包括跳躍、翻滾和總能量。“integrate"指整合，結(jié)合，融入與combine同義，故選B。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的"Anotherreasonforthefactthatcompetitivecheerleadingisoneofthehardestsportsisthatithasmorereportedinjuries.”及"Generally,theseinjuriesaffectallareasofthebody,includingwrists,shoulders,ankles,head,andneck.”可知，競