考研英語閱讀背景詞匯集錦

考研英語閱讀背景詞匯集錦考研英語閱讀背景詞匯集錦考研英語閱讀背景詞匯集錦資料僅供參考文件編號(hào)：2022年4月考研英語閱讀背景詞匯集錦版本號(hào)：A修改號(hào)：1頁次：1.0審核：批準(zhǔn):發(fā)布日期：第五部分考研英語閱讀背景詞匯集錦Unitl科普類accesstime存取時(shí)間anti-virusprograms殺毒軟件assembler匯編程序barcode條形碼beeper傳呼機(jī)bufferstorage緩沖存儲(chǔ)器callinstruction呼叫指令cellular手機(jī)comsat通訊衛(wèi)星cordlesstelephone無繩電話cursor光標(biāo)cybercrimes網(wǎng)上犯罪cyberspace電腦空間，網(wǎng)絡(luò)世界desktop臺(tái)式計(jì)算機(jī)digitaltelevision數(shù)字電視electroniccontrol電子控制electronichearingaid電子助聽器encryption加密fast-forward(放錄像帶等時(shí)的快進(jìn))fiberoptictechnology光纖技術(shù)firewall防火墻flatpaneldisplay平板顯示技術(shù)floppydisk軟盤geneticengineering基因工程hacker黑客identifier標(biāo)識(shí)符intelligentsystem智能系統(tǒng)intranet內(nèi)聯(lián)網(wǎng)IT-industry信息產(chǎn)業(yè)jumbotran(電視機(jī)的)超大屏幕know-how(技術(shù))訣竅laser激光long-distanceeducationalsystem遠(yuǎn)程教育系統(tǒng)microprocessor微處理機(jī)minicomputer小型計(jì)算機(jī)modem調(diào)制解調(diào)器multimedia多媒體multimedialearningsystem多媒體學(xué)習(xí)系統(tǒng)netsurfed網(wǎng)蟲on-1ineservice網(wǎng)上服務(wù)palmtop(：PDA)掌上電腦password．PIN(：personalidentificationnumber)密碼portable便攜式計(jì)算機(jī)snooper窺探者softwarepackage軟件包solarcollector太陽能收集器terminal終端設(shè)備videocamera攝像機(jī)videodisc影碟workstation計(jì)算機(jī)工作站xerox靜電復(fù)印Y2kbug千年蟲zip-code郵政編碼Unit2經(jīng)濟(jì)管理類activetradebalance貿(mào)易順差adversetradebalance貿(mào)易逆差appropriate撥款auditor審計(jì)員。查帳員balancesheet資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表bargain減價(jià)出售的商品，便宜貨hoard0fdirectors董事會(huì)bond債券bottomline盈虧表brisk(生意)興隆bubbleeconomy泡沫經(jīng)濟(jì)budget預(yù)算businessrestructuring商業(yè)重組capital資本cargomanifest貨物清單commoditiesfair商品展銷會(huì)confiscate沒收corporation公司，股份有限公司counteroffer還價(jià)creditor債權(quán)人customs海關(guān)dealer商人，販子，證券經(jīng)紀(jì)人deficit赤字，虧空deflationarypolicy緊縮銀根政策demandsandsupplies供需depreciation貶值depression經(jīng)濟(jì)蕭條期divided紅利．股利domesticmarket國內(nèi)市場(chǎng)duty-free免稅economicdecline經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退economicfluctuation經(jīng)濟(jì)波動(dòng)economicrecovery經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇economicstability經(jīng)濟(jì)穩(wěn)定economicstrategy經(jīng)濟(jì)戰(zhàn)略economist經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家enterpriseinthered虧損企業(yè)entrepreneur企業(yè)家，中間商executivedirector常務(wù)董事export．orientedeconomy外向型經(jīng)濟(jì)fakeandpoorqualitycommodities假冒偽劣產(chǎn)品fiercecompetition激烈的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)fluctuation波動(dòng)GDP國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值GNP(grossnationalproduct)國民生產(chǎn)總值headoffice總部humanresources人力資源incometax所得稅inflation通貨膨脹installment分期付款interestrate利率investment投資，投資額invoice發(fā)票laborandmanagement勞資雙方laborforce勞動(dòng)力largescaledevelopmentofWestChina大規(guī)模妁西部開發(fā)levy征(稅)limitedliabilitycompany有限責(zé)任公司macroeconomics宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)market-orientedeconomy市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)marketresearch市場(chǎng)調(diào)研merger合并公司monetary貨幣的monopoly壟斷mortgage抵押．抵押貨款most-favorednationtreatment最惠國待遇multinational多國經(jīng)營的，跨國經(jīng)營的multinationalcorporations跨國公司negotiation談判；洽談patentsystem專利制度patron老主顧plannedeconomy計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)potentialmarket市場(chǎng)潛力pricehike物價(jià)上漲principal本金Privateenterprise私人企業(yè)Privateproperty私人財(cái)產(chǎn)productivity生產(chǎn)率productivityrevolution生產(chǎn)力革命profitable贏利的promotion促銷propertytax財(cái)產(chǎn)稅publicfunding公共基金recession衰退reckoning結(jié)賬retail零售revenue財(cái)政收入，稅收security證券self-faisedfunds自籌資金slack不景氣smuggle走私socialsecurity社會(huì)保障(制度)softinvestmentenvironment投資軟環(huán)境speculation投機(jī)倒把staffmembers職員stagnant(經(jīng)濟(jì))停滯，不發(fā)展stampduty印花稅statistical統(tǒng)計(jì)的stock現(xiàn)貨，股票。公債stockbroker股票，證券經(jīng)紀(jì)人stockholder股東；股票持有人strategic戰(zhàn)略的surplus贏余tariff(進(jìn)口)關(guān)稅taxbreak稅額優(yōu)惠taxpayer納稅人teller(=cashier)出納員trade、^rind貿(mào)易風(fēng)transaction交易；買賣trust信托wholesale批發(fā)Unit3政治與法律類accusation控告acquit宣判無罪amend修正amnesty特赦appeal上訴apprehend拘押，逮捕arbitration仲裁，調(diào)停armedconflicts武裝沖突attorney律師authorize授權(quán)autonomous自治的bilateraltalks雙邊會(huì)淡civillaw民法code法規(guī)，法典confinement關(guān)押，禁閉congressman國會(huì)議員conspiracy陰謀constitution憲法consul領(lǐng)事convict宣判有罪court法院courtofappeal中級(jí)法院custody拘留criminallaw刑法decree法令defendant被告defender辯護(hù)人defuse緩合，平息despot獨(dú)裁者disarmament解除武裝enforce實(shí)施，使生效establishedinternationalpractice國際慣例federalgovernment聯(lián)邦政府hierarchy等級(jí)制度humanitarianaid人道主義援助illicit非法的indemnity賠償institution制度intellectualproperty．right知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)interimgovernment過渡政府jointdeclaration聯(lián)合聲明judicial司法的judiciary司法部jury陪審團(tuán)lawsuit訴訟legalliability法律義務(wù)legislation立法legislative立法的legislature立法機(jī)構(gòu)legitimate合法的litigant訴訟當(dāng)事人litigation訴訟municipal市政的offense犯罪parliament議會(huì)pending未決的petition請(qǐng)?jiān)竝laintiff(民事)原告plead申訴，辯護(hù)probation緩刑．察看publicprosecutor檢查官reconciliation和解repatriate遣返Representative眾議院議員ruling(法官等)裁定secretary部長senate參議院senator參議員sovereignty主權(quán)statute成文法stipulation條文，規(guī)定subpoena傳票suit起訴suitor(刑事)原告summitmeeting首腦會(huì)議峰會(huì)terroristattack恐怖襲擊terroristorganizations恐怖組織TheCapitol國會(huì)大廈theHouseofRepresentative下議院ThePentagon國防大樓theSenate上議院undersecretary次長usurpation篡奪verdict(陪審團(tuán))裁定violation違犯Unit4醫(yī)學(xué)與健康類abortion人工流產(chǎn)acupuncture針刺醫(yī)療法amnesia(醫(yī))記憶缺失，遺忘(癥)anatomical解剖學(xué)的；解剖的anesthetic麻醉劑anti-aging抗衰老antibiotic抗生素antibody抗體antidote解毒藥antitumordrug抗腫瘤藥；抗癌藥antiviral抗病毒藥arthritis關(guān)節(jié)炎asthma氣喘，哮喘asylum精神病院bacteria緬菌biomedical生物醫(yī)學(xué)的carcinogen致癌物cellmembrane細(xì)胞膜cellular細(xì)胞的，由細(xì)胞組成的cellulose纖維素CentersforDiseaseControl疾病控制中心cholera霍亂cholesterol膽固醇chromosome染色體clinical臨床的clone無性繁殖系，克隆coma昏厥contagion接觸傳染comea角膜dehydrate(使)脫水diagnose診斷diarrhea瀉肚enzyme酶epidemic流行病euthanasia安樂死excretion排泄，排泄物genemutation(基因)突變genepool基因庫geneticengineering基因工程genomic染色體的glucose葡萄糖healthyDietPyramid呈金字塔狀的健康飲食heartattack心力衰竭，心臟病發(fā)作heterosexual異性戀的HIV—positive艾滋病測(cè)試陽性homosexual同性戀的hormone激素hygiene衛(wèi)生，衛(wèi)生學(xué)hypertension高血壓hypnosis催眠術(shù)1CU(IntensiveCareUnit)重癥監(jiān)護(hù)室immunize獲得免疫力incidence發(fā)病率inflammation炎癥inoculation接種，預(yù)防注射insane精神病患者的，精神病的insomnia失眠(癥)latencyperiod潛伏期leukemia白血病malaria瘧疾malignant惡性measles麻疹medication添加藥物，藥物治療metabolism新陳代謝mother-to-fetustransmission母嬰傳播multiply繁殖mutate變異．突變nauseate嘔吐neurological神經(jīng)病學(xué)的obesity過度肥胖，肥大ointment藥膏organtransplanting器官移植paralysis癱瘓physician內(nèi)科醫(yī)生plague鼠疫。瘟疫potency藥力prescription藥方，處方(的藥)preventive預(yù)防性的psychiatrist精神病醫(yī)生rehabilitation康復(fù)，恢復(fù)remedy療法removal切除rheumatoid風(fēng)濕的；類風(fēng)濕(性)的sedative鎮(zhèn)靜劑self-medication自我藥療stroke中風(fēng)suspectedcase疑似病例surgery外科手術(shù)symptom癥狀syndrome綜合病癥taint影響，腐化，使感染TCM(traditionalChinesemedicine)中醫(yī)therapy治療，療法toxicologist毒物學(xué)家；毒理學(xué)家vaccine疫苗vein靜脈lveterinary疾病的，獸醫(yī)的1watersolublevitamins水溶性維生素Unit5生態(tài)類acidrain酸雨afforestation植樹造林algae梅藻amphibian兩棲類的，兩棲動(dòng)物balanceofnature生態(tài)平衡bio-diversity生物多樣性biosphere生物圈CFCs氟利昂decibel分貝deforestation采伐森林desertification土地沙漠化domesticsewage生活污水ecocide生態(tài)滅絕eco-friendy良好的環(huán)境eco-label生態(tài)標(biāo)志ecologicalcondition生態(tài)環(huán)境ecologist生態(tài)學(xué)家ecology生態(tài)學(xué)．對(duì)環(huán)境的科學(xué)研究ecosystem生態(tài)系，生態(tài)系統(tǒng)eco-tourist生態(tài)旅游；生態(tài)旅游業(yè)effluent流出物，排除物environmentalist環(huán)境工作者；環(huán)境問題專家fauna動(dòng)物群flora植物群fumes有毒的廢氣globalwarming全球變暖greengroups綠色環(huán)保組織greenhouseeffect溫室效應(yīng)infraredradiation紅外線輻射mammal哺乳動(dòng)物noxious有毒的nucleicacid(生物)核酸ozonehole臭氧洞ozonelayer臭氧層photosynthesis光合作用plankton(總稱)浮游動(dòng)物p0Ilufionindex污染指數(shù)polymer聚合物refuse垃圾、廢物sewage污水sewagedisposal污水處理sewageplant污水處理廠sewagepurification污水凈化soilpollution土壤污染solidwaste固體垃圾stratosphere同溫層ultravioletradiation紫外線輻射wipeoutaspecies物種滅絕Unit6大眾傳媒類audiencerating收視率；收聽率bill海報(bào)billboard告示牌，廣告牌braille盲字，點(diǎn)字法brochure小冊(cè)子bulletin公告；簡(jiǎn)明新聞carry刊登cast演員表censorship審查circular供傳閱的函件或通知closed-circuitTV閉路電視column專欄condensation縮寫本coverage新聞報(bào)道disseminate傳播documentary新聞片feature新聞特寫free-lancewriter自由撰稿人headline新聞標(biāo)題highlightsandsidelights要聞與花絮illustration插圖infringement侵犯journal刊物leaflet傳單live現(xiàn)場(chǎng)直播neon霓虹燈廣告onlocation現(xiàn)場(chǎng)拍攝pictorial畫報(bào)poster標(biāo)語牌，布告practitioner開業(yè)者，從業(yè)者press新聞界projector放映機(jī)propagate宣傳publication出版publishinghouse出版社re1ay轉(zhuǎn)播royalty稿費(fèi)，版稅shot拍攝studio攝影棚subscribe訂閱人western西部電影Unit7天文地理類aeronautics航空學(xué)，航空術(shù)alien外星人astrology占星學(xué)astronomer天文學(xué)家atmospheric大氣的，空氣的aviation航空，航空學(xué)，航空工業(yè)celestial天的，天體的celestialsphere天球cluster星團(tuán)coldfront冷鋒comet彗星constellation星座cosmicradiation宇宙輻射cosmicrays宇宙射線cosmology字宙學(xué)driftingplates漂流版塊dune沙丘elipse(日，月)食equator(地球)赤道glacier冰河hurricane颶風(fēng)inflationaryuniversetheory宇宙膨脹理論inter-planetarycommunication星際交通Jupiter木星latitude緯度launch發(fā)射launchpad發(fā)射臺(tái)longitude經(jīng)度lunar月球的lunareclipse月蝕Mars火星Mercury水星meteor流星meteorolite隕石meteorshower流星雨monsoon季風(fēng)multistagerocket多級(jí)火箭Neptune海王星orbit環(huán)繞(天體的)軌道運(yùn)行peninsula半島phase月相planet行星planetary行星的planetoid小行星plateau高原Pluto冥王星radiating輻射的reef暗礁satellite衛(wèi)星solarcorona日冕solarprominence日珥solarradiation宇宙輻射solarsystem太陽系spaceexploration外層空間探索spaceshuttle航天飛機(jī)spacesuit宇航服，航天服stellar星球的TropicofCancer／Capricorn北/南回歸線Uranus天王星Venus金星Volcanic火山的Watchdog管理人員Unit8藝術(shù)類abstractpainting抽象畫artdecor藝術(shù)裝飾baton指揮棒breakdance霹靂舞0elb大提琴chant吟唱chord合唱，合唱曲composer作曲者，作曲家concerto協(xié)奏曲conductor指揮conservatory音樂學(xué)校flute長笛folkmusic民間音樂gong鑼harmonica口鬈harp豎琴horn號(hào)impressionism印象派instrument(精密)樂器lyric歌詞melody旋律，曲調(diào)musical音樂喜劇musicalnotation樂譜orchestra管弦樂隊(duì)overture前奏曲pipeorgan管風(fēng)琴playwright劇作家prelude序曲premiere首演producer演出者properties舞臺(tái)道具rapmusic快板音樂，快板歌recital獨(dú)奏會(huì)．獨(dú)唱會(huì)refrain(歌曲中的)疊歌，副歌rehearsal排演Renaissance文藝復(fù)興reproduction復(fù)制saxophone薩克斯管scale音階score總譜；(總譜中的)樂曲sculpture雕刻，雕塑sonata奏鳴曲symphony交響樂，交響曲synthesizer合成器，音響合成器tempo節(jié)奏theatricals戲劇trumpet喇叭whistle口哨wind管樂器U11it9宗教類Allah真主，安拉altar圣壇，祭壇apartheid南非的種族隔離apostle信徒atheist無神論者Catholic天主教徒Catholicism天主教Christianity基督教convert改變信仰；皈依cult瘋狂地崇拜，膜拜deity(=god)神fast齋戒；禁食gospel福音heresy異端邪說hierarchy階層，等級(jí)incarnate化身Judaism猶太教koran可蘭經(jīng)minister牧師missionary傳教士pagan異教徒的，無宗教信仰的pious虔誠的pope教皇，羅馬主教preach布道，說教preacher傳道士，牧師Protestant新教徒resurrection(耶穌)復(fù)活scripture經(jīng)文，圣典service禮拜式superstition迷信taboo禁忌Unit10體育運(yùn)動(dòng)類a11-roundchampion全能冠軍backhand(網(wǎng)球等運(yùn)動(dòng)中)反手的backstroke仰泳balkline起跳線baton接力棒bid申辦bodybuilding健美運(yùn)動(dòng)bowler投球手breaststroke蛙泳butterfly蝶泳cheering-section啦啦隊(duì)chiefreferee裁判長closingceremony閉幕式COC(ChineseOlympicCommittee)中國奧委會(huì)court(籃球、網(wǎng)球等的)場(chǎng)cross-countryrace越野賽draw平局dunk扣籃finals決賽floorexercise自由體操foul犯規(guī)freestyle自由泳GreenOlympics綠色奧運(yùn)gym(nasium)體育館，健身房Hi-techOlympics科技奧運(yùn)host主辦hostcountry東道國ingoodform競(jìng)技狀態(tài)好invitationaltournament邀請(qǐng)賽IOC(InternationalOlympicCommittee)國際奧委會(huì)Jumpthegun搶跑marathon馬拉松賽跑natatorium游泳館OCOG(OrganizingCommitteefortheOlympicGames)奧運(yùn)會(huì)組委會(huì)onyourmarks各就各位openingceremony開幕式penaltykick點(diǎn)球physicalcultureandsports體育運(yùn)動(dòng)playingpool水球場(chǎng)racket網(wǎng)球拍rally連續(xù)對(duì)打rebound籃板球referee`screase裁判區(qū)runner-up亞軍seededteam種子隊(duì)shot發(fā)球smash扣