定語從句之關(guān)系副詞學(xué)案- 高一英語人教版（2019）必修第二冊

定語從句之關(guān)系副詞一、當先行詞是時間，在定語從句中做時間狀語。引導(dǎo)詞用：when,inwhich,duringwhich,onwhich,atwhich.當先行詞是地點，在定語從句中做地點狀語。引導(dǎo)詞用：where,inwhich,atwhich,onwhich.當先行詞是原因，在定語從句中做原因狀語。引導(dǎo)詞用：why,forwhich.當先行詞是方式，在定語從句中做方式狀語。引導(dǎo)詞用：that,inwhich,不填。關(guān)系副詞的功能：Where用以修飾表地方的名詞;when用以修飾表時間的名詞;why用以修飾thereason;但how和theway只能用其中一個關(guān)系副詞的用法1、Where引導(dǎo)的定語從句只用來修飾表地方的名詞。表大地方（如城市，國家，區(qū)域）時，介詞要用in;表建筑物（如車站，商店，銀行等）時，介詞用at;表內(nèi)部（在......內(nèi)）時，介詞要用in;表外在（在.....上面）時，介詞要用on.因此，關(guān)系副詞where可等于inwhich,onwhich,atwhich.例：ThisisthecitywhereImetyou.=ThisisthecityinwhichImetyou(thecity是大地點介詞用in)Imethimatthestation,wherethereweremanypassengers.=Imethimatthestation,atwhichthereweremanypassengers.Doyouseethedeskwherethereisabook?=Doyouseethedeskonwhichthereisabook?2.when引導(dǎo)的定語只能用以修飾表時間的名詞。我們已知表日子時，介詞要用on(如onSunday,onDec.12);表年，月或一段時間時，介詞要用in（如inJuly,in2003,inthesedays);表幾時幾刻時，介詞要用at(如at8o`clock).因此，關(guān)系副詞when可等于atwhich、onwhich、inwhich.例：Thatistheyearwhenhegraduated.=Thatistheyearinwhichhegraduated.HecameonFriday,whenitwasraininghard.=HecameonFriday,onwhichitwasraininghard.why只用以修飾thereason,由forwhich變化而成。例：Idonotknowthereasonwhyhecried.=Idonotknowthereasonforwhichhecried.how只用以修飾theway,系由inwhich變化而成。例：Thatisthewayinwhichhehandledtheproblem.=Thatishowhehandledtheproblem.=Thatisthewayhehandledtheproblem.注意：theway和how不能并存，只能擇其一。定語從句練習(xí)：Doyourememberthedaysaffectedusalot?Doyourememberthedayswespenttogether?Doyourememberthedayswestayedtogether?Doyourememberthedayseffectisstillexisting?Doyoubelievethereasoncausedhissickness?Doyoubelievethereasonhegavetousyesterday?Doyoubelievethereasonhedidnotcometoschoolyesterday?Idonotlikethewayhetalkswithhisparents.Idonotlikethewayhetoldusyesterday.Idonotlikethewayleadstoourcity.四、非限制性定語從句。先行詞為專有名詞（如Tom,John,Africa)及獨一性名詞，如father(爸爸只有一個），mother(媽媽只有一個），之后若接關(guān)系代詞所引導(dǎo)的定語從句時，該關(guān)系代詞之前一定要置逗號。此時該定語從句就稱為非限制性定語從句。專有名詞或獨一性名詞本身就具有特殊性，不必再用定語從句加以限定。翻譯成中文時，按順序譯出來。ImetJohn,whoismyclassmate.HehasjustcomebackfromNewYork,whichisaverybigcityintheunitedstates.Herecomesmyfather,whoisanEnglishteacher.Thatismyonlyson,whoisattendingcollegenow.五、當先行詞是前面整個句子的時候，我們用as或which引導(dǎo)。As可放于句首或句中，表示“正如”的意思，多用于被動。Which常放于句中，表示“這件事”，多用于主動。1.Isknowntoall,chinaisbecomingmoreandmorepowerful.2.Hebecamenumberoneinourclass,isexpected.3.Shehasmadegreatprogress,makesherparentsveryhappy.4.Tomhasfoundagoodjob,weallhope.六、定語從句中which和that的特殊用法。在定語從句中只能用which的情況有兩種：逗號+which;介詞+which。在定語從句中只用that的情況：1.不定代詞后，如something，anything，everything，all等2.theonly,thejust,thevery,thesame后。3.如果前面有which或who,后面不要再出現(xiàn)which或who,而要用that引導(dǎo)定語從句。4.前面如果有最高級，后面要用that引導(dǎo)定語從句。5.先行詞是人和物的時候，后面要用that引導(dǎo)定語從句。6.前面如果有序數(shù)詞時，后面要用that引導(dǎo)定語從句。定語從句專項練習(xí)：pleasesendusalltheinformationyouhaveaboutthecandidatefortheposition.AthatBwhichCasDwhatTheoldtownhasnarrowstreetsandsmallhousesarebuiltclosetoeachother.AtheyBwhereCwhatDthatBynow,wehaveraised50000poundsforthepoorchildren,isquiteunexpected.AthatBwhichCwhoDitTedcamefortheweekendwearingonlysomeshortsandT-short,isastupidthingtodoinsuchweather.AthisBthatCwhatDwhichItisreportedthattwoschools,arebeingbuiltinmyhometown,willopennextyear.AtheybothBwhichbothCbothofthemDbothofwhichTheexactyearAngelaandherfamilyspenttogetherinchinawas2008.AwhenBwhereCwhyDwhichIborrowthebookfromthelibrarylastweek,myclassmatesrecommendedtome.AwhoBwhichCwhen