2021-2022學年浙江省杭州市高三（上）月考英語試卷（10月份）（附答案詳解）

2021-2022學年浙江省杭州市富春實驗中學高三（上）月考英語試卷（10月份）AMorethanthreequartersofchildrenagedbetween8and15rarelyorneverlistentobirdsong,accordingtoanewstudy.Thenationwidesurveyrevealedthatevenmoreyoungpeopleneverwatchthesunrise(90%)?lookatclouds(79%)orsmellwildflowers(83%).Slightlymoreadultstakethetimetoenjoythenaturalworld.Ofthosewhoresponded,62%rarelyorneverlistenedtobirdsongand57%rarelyorneverwatchedthesunrise.Morethan1,000childrenand2,000adultstookpartinthestudy.TheresearchwascarriedoutbytheNationalTrustanorganizationthatprotectsmorethan500historicbuildings,ancientmonuments,gardens,parksandnaturereserves.ProfessorMilesRichardsonfromtheUniversityofDerby,whohelpedanalysetheresults,saidthesurveyshowedthatpeoplewhospentmoretimewithnatureweremorelikelytohelpprotectanimalsandtheenvironment.Heexplained,"Thisreportforthefirsttimedemonstratesthatsimpleeverydayactsofnoticingnature,thatbuildacloserconnection,arekeytopeopletakingactionfornature.Everybitofconnectionmakesadifference.nThereportfoundthatyoungpeoplewerehappieriftheywererelaxingoutdoors,suchassittinginagarden.Wellbeingwasalsoimprovedbyengagingwithactivitiesconnectedtothenaturalworld,suchaswritingpoemsandsongsaboutanimalsorcelebratingnaturalevents.Tohelptackletheproblem,theNationalTrusthaslaunchedaguidetohelppeopleconnectwithnature.Theweek-by-weekGetConnectedtoNatureprogrammehaslotsoftipsforactivities,allofwhichtakebetween20secondsand20minutestocomplete,includinghowtowatchbutterfliesandbees,growaplantonyourwindowsill,orbuildahomeforanimals.What'stheproblemwiththepeopleinvolvedinthestudy?Theyspentmoretimewithnature.Theydidn'tliketowatchthesunrise.Theyhadlittleconnectionwithnature.Theyseldomprotectedanimalsandenvironment.What'sthebenefitofbeingclosetonature?Itcontributestopeople'sgoodhealth.Ithelpspeopletowritebeautifulpoemsandsongs.Itimprovespeople'sabilitytocelebratenaturalevents.Itraisespeople'sawarenessofprotectinghistoricbuildings.What'sthelastparagraphmainlyabout?Howtobeconnectedwithnature.Thefeatureofeachactivity.Theadvantageoftheprogramme.TheintroductiontotheNaturalTrust.BTheincrediblepatternsmaylookartificialonthispage,buttheyarejnfact,thevisualimageofhowsoundwavesinteractastheytravelacrossasurface.Thestudyofthesefiguresiscalledcymatics,whichcomesfromtheGreekword"kima"（wave）andwasfirstcreatedbySwissscientistHansJennyin1967,butthephenomenahadbeenobservedforhundredsofyearsbythelikesofDaVinciandGalileo.Thepatternsarebestobservedusingthinsheetofeithermetalorglass,knownasaChladniplate,connectedtoasignalgeneratorwhichcanvibrate（震動）atavarietyofaudiofrequencies.Thesheethassetfrequenciesatwhichitwillnaturallyresonate（共振）asthegeneratedsoundwavestravelthroughit.Thiscreatesanareawherethewaveseithercombinedestructively-peakmeetstrough（波谷）-tocanceleachotherout,orconstructively-peakmeetspeak-toformalargerwave.Thesesectionsarecallednodesandantinodes,respectively.Theeffectofthesevibrationsisinvisibleuntilamedium（介質）-usuallyaliquid,orfineparticlesofasolidmaterialsuchassandorsalt-isaddedtotheplate.Whenthegeneratorissettooneoftheplate'snaturalfrequencies,thewaterorsandwillshiftawayfromthebusyantinodesandtowardsthequieternoderegions.TheresultingfiguresvarydependingontherateofvibrationaswellastheshapeandsizeoftheChladniplate,butalldemonstrateunbelievablesymmetry（對稱性）.Thismethodforvisualizingsound,aswellasbeingaremarkableformofnaturalart,canbeusedacrossmanyfieldsofscientificresearch,andoneexampleisthescienceofocean.Whatmakesitpossibleforscientisttoseesoundwaves?A.TheChladniplate. B.Themedium.C.Thepatterns. D.Thesignalgenerator.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A.Ascienceassessment. B.Asciencereport.C.Asciencefiction. D.Asciencemagazine.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.SeeingSound B.SoundWavesC.DrawingSound D.SoundFrequenciescJosephPulitzerwasborntoawealthyfamilyinHungaryonApril10>1847andgrewupandwaseducatedthereinprivateschools.Attheageof17?PulitzerdecidedtobecomeasoldierintheAustrianArmybutwasrebuffedbecauseofweakeyesight.Luckily,helatermettheU.S.UnionArmyandcontractedtojoined第2頁，共16頁thearmyasasubstituteforadraftee（入伍者）.InAmerica,PulitzerenlistedforoneyearintheLincolnCavalry（騎兵）,LaterheworkedhiswaytoSt.LouiswherehegotajobofferfromtheleadingGermanlanguagedaily,WestlichePost.Fouryearslater,theyoungPulitzer,whohadbuiltareputationasatirelessenterprisingjournalist,wasofferedacontrollinginterestinthepaper.Attheageof25?PulitzerbecameapublisherandtherefollowedaseriesofsuccessfulbusinessdealsfromwhichhebecamerecognizedastheowneroftheSt.LouisPost-Dispatch,andarisingfigureonthejournalisticscene.WhentakingholdofthePost-Dispatch,Pulitzerworkedathisdeskfromearlymorninguntilmidnightorlater,interestinghimselfineverydetailofthepaper.Hespeciallysplashedinvestigativearticlescriticizinggovernmentcorruption（腐敗）.Withhishardwork,circulationmountedandthepaperwassuccessful.Fiveyearslater,duringajourneytoNewYork,PulitzerpurchasedTheNewYorkWorld,whichwasinfinancialdifficulties.Hebroughtaboutrevolutionintheeditorialpolicy,contentandformatofTheWorld.HeemployedsomeofthesametechniquesthathadbuiltupthecirculationofthePost-Dispatch.Inoneofthemostsuccessfulpromotions,TheWorldraisedpublicdonationforthebuildingofthepedestal（基座）attheentrancetotheNewYorkharborsothattheStatueofLibertycouldbeputintoposition.TheWorldforyearsservedastheinnuentialeditorialvoiceonmanyissuesofthegovernment,andPulitzerhimselfwasapplaudedforrepresentativeoffreedomofthepress.In1912,oneyearafterPulitzer'sdeath,theColumbiaSchoolofJournalismwasfounded,andthefirstPulitzerPrizeswereawardedin1917.Moreawardsinjournalismwouldgotoexposureofcorruptionthantoanyothersubject.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“rebuffed“inthesecondparagraphmean?A.dismissed.B.rejected. C.neglected.D.acknowledged.WhatdoweknowaboutPulitzerfromthethirdparagraph?HeboughtWestlichePostandbecameitsboss.HisfirstjoboffercamefromapaperinGermany.Hebecametheyoungestpublisherattheageof25.OwningthePost-Dispatchestablishedhispositioninjournalism.WhatisthelikelypurposeinestablishingthePulitzerPrizes?A.Todevelopjournalism.Toawardtheyoungsoldiers.TohonorJosephPulitzer.Toencouragetheyoungjournalists.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribePulitzer?A.Braveandaggressive. B.Wealthyandsensitive.C.Generousandattractive. D.Ambitiousandcourageous.TimCookgetsupat3：45a.m.PepsiCEOIndraNooyigetsupat4a.m.DisneyCEOBobIgerisa4：30kindofguy.JackDorseysleepsinuntil5：30.SodoesmybuddyRichardBranson.Rarelydonightowlsgetgoodpress.Becausesuccessfulpeoplewakeupearly.WelLatleastsomeofthemdo.AsAdamGrantsays,"Theworld'smostsuccessfulpeoplearen'tworriedaboutwhattimeotherswakeup.Theywakeandworkontheschedulethatworksforthem."⑴Whileyoumightthinkbecominganearlybirdisasimplematterofwillpowerandpersistence,researchshowsthatwhetheryou'reanearlyriseroranightowlispredominately(主要地)biological.(2)Theyarenightowls.Whilestudiesshowthatmorningpeopletendtobemorepersistent,self-directedandtendtobebetterplanners,nightowlstendtoperformbetteronteststhatmeasurememory,processingspeedandcognitiveability._[3]_And,strangeenough,theytendtobealittlemorefinanciallysuccessful.Soifyouwanttosethighergoalsforyourself,shouldyoutrytobecomeamorningperson?Orifyouwanttobemoreopentonewexperiences,shouldyoutrytobecomeanightowl?Nope.(4)Relationshipisn*tcausation(因果關系).Successfulpeoplewhoareearlyrisersaren'tnecessarilysuccessfulasaresultofwakingupearly.TheyYesuccessfulbecausethey'vematchedtheirbodyclockstotheirschedules.Whenyoustartworkingdoesn'tmatter.Whatmattersiswhatyougetdoneinthehoursbetweenwhenyoustopandstartworking.Successisallaboutwhatyouaccomplish.(5)A.Scienceagrees.B.Theytendtobemorecreative.C.It'snotthetimeofdayyouaccomplishit.D.Inshort,theydidn'tdecidetobenightowls.E.Ifyouaren'tamorningperson,stoptryingtobeone.F.Youshouldbewhoyouareandstoptryingtobesomethingyou'renot.G.However,successisaboutwhatyouaccomplish,notwhenyouaccomplishit.11.A.AB.BG.GC.CD.D E.EF.F12.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.G13.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.G14.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.G15.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.GIwasfirstintroducedtowoodworkingat12yearsoldbymygrandfather.Together,webuilta(16)benchforconductingchemistryexperiments.Myinterestinwoodworkingcontinuedto(17)>sometimesoutofnecessity.In1973,Igotmarried,hadnomoney,yetneeded(18).1startedtocollecttools.By1986,IfoundmyselfteachingchemistryatWestVirginiaUniversity.Notknowingmanypeople,1began(19)furnitureinourgarageinmysparetime.In1987Iboughta(n)(20)lathe(車床)inordertoturnpartsforfurniture.AfterwemovedtoLittleRockin1989,afriend(21)thatwetakeawoodturningclassattheArkansasArtsCenter.I(22),becauseIwasafraidthatitwouldbecome(23).Itwas!Aboutadecadelater,1beganto(24)woodturningclassesattheArtsCenter.Thishasbeenaveryrewarding(25).Ihavemetpeoplefromallwalksoflife,andsomehavebecomeclose(26)friends.Itis(27)rewardingtoseethatsomehavebecomeaccomplishedwoodturners.OnestudentthatIparticularly(28)wasvisitingfromPuertoRico.Whenshereturned,sheboughtalathe,beganturningandwasacceptedasamemberofa(29)associationontheisland.Mywoodtumingsaremostlyfromnativehardwoodsthathavebeendownedbystorms.Itellpeoplethatmylatheisacheappsychologist,(30)producingitemsinwood,whetherfurniture,saladbowlsor“turned"art,givesmeafeelingof(31)thatfewwillexperienceintoday,s(32)world.Whenfinished,youactuallyseethe(33)ofyoureffort.Theproductofthiseffortcanbeheldinyourhands,(34)tofuturegenerations,or,insomecases,placedinthefireplacetoloweryourhomeheatingbill.Atthistime,Iconsidermyselfa(n)”(35)".16.A.labB.kitchenC.streetD.park17.A.workB.reduceC.growD.change18.A.kidsB.furnitureC.housingD.jobs19.A.producingB.sellingC.designingD.exchanging20.A.brokenB.advancedC.usedD.abandoned21.A.orderedB.requiredC.suggestedD.commanded22.A.hesitatedB.agreedC.quitD.suffered23.A.addictiveB.disappointingC.beneficialD.unique24.A.takeB.teachC.chooseD.miss25.A.academyB.adventureC.expectationD.experience26.A.personalB.publicC.specialD.loyal27.A.actuallyB.nearlyC.exactlyD.especially28.A.demandB.respectC.rememberD.admire29.A.fisherman'sB.salesman'sC.craftsman'sD.seaman's30.A.whileB.becauseC.whenD.so31.A.mercyB.achievementC.confidenceD.responsibility32.A.busyB.greatC.easyD.general33.A.impressionB.meaningsC.processD.fruitsA.takenon B.carriedonC.passedon D.keptonA.player B.artist C.teacher D.makerTheBritishLibrary'sarchives(檔案室)containatreasure(1)(collect)ofitemsrelatedtofamouschildren'sbooks.Nowyoucanexplore100ofthemonitsnewDiscoveringChildren'sBookswebsite.(2)collectionisn*tjustfromtheBritishLibrary'sarchives.lt(3)(team)upwithLondon'sV&AMuseum,theBodleianLibrariesinOxford,England,andtheSevenStoriesNationalCenterforChildren'sBooksinNewcastle,England.Thewebsiteletsyoutakea(4)(close)lookattheartfrompopularbookssuchasRoaldDahl'sMatilda,JudithKerr'sTheTigerWhoCametoTea,NadiaShireen'sBillandtheBeastandLizPichon'sTomGatesseries.There'salsothefirstversionofLewisCarroll'sAlice'sAdventuresUnderGround-■■-thestory(5)wouldlaterbecomeAlice'sAdventuresinWonderland--andletters(6)(write)byKennethGrahametohissonthatwouldbecomeTheWindintheWillows.Thesiteismorethanjust(7)(photo)andexplanations.Therearevideostoo,suchasone(8)whichtheillustratorAxelSchefflershowsyouhowtodrawaGruffalo.Thesitewillalsoteachyouhowtomakeyourownminiaturebook,Iiketheonescreatedfordolls1houses.QuentinBlake,MichaelRosenandJacquelineWilsonareamongtheauthorsinterviewed,each(9)(offer)adviceforstorytellers."Wewantchildrentoexperimentandgain(10)(confident)asstorytellers,poetsandillustrators,whowehopewillbecomethewriters,artists,editors,librariansandbookloversofthefuture/saysAnnaLobbenbergoftheBritishLibrary.假定你是校英語報記者李華，上周你校開展了"讀一本英語原著"活動，請你寫一篇報道，內容如下：1.活動目的；2.活動內容；3.活動成效。注意：.詞數(shù)80左右；.可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。38.閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)所給情節(jié)進行續(xù)寫，使之構成一個完整的故事。ItwasJuly2014.Weweregettingreadytomoveinanewhousewhenmyhusbandbecameveryill.Hehadtospendnineweeksinhospital,leavingmetodoeverythinginournewhome.Bynightfall」wasworn-out.Onesuchevening,asIreachedforsomecreamformyhands,Inoticedmybluebirddiamondweddingring-whichIhadwornforalmosthalfacentury-wasmissing!Myfingerwasnaked!Iwasextremelyshockedandsad.Ilookedineverydrawerandinthecar.Noluck.Myfamilytoldmetogobackalongthesameroute.Thatwouldbeatask,forthatdayIhadgoneshopping,gotmycarfixed,andgoneforaneyeexam.Isat,mindwanderingbackintimewhenIhadfirstmetmyhusband.Iwasfiveandoneday,mydadtookmetothetown.Ontheway,wecameuponalargeherdofcattle.Iwavedtotheyoungestrider,whoseemedtobenine,buthejustturnedaway.Nextmymemorytravelledtomyhighschool.Themostexcitingthingthenwastodressupandwalkthestreetsofourtownwithmyclassmates.ltwasonsuchadaythatablackcarwentbyandapassengeryelled,"Girls,wantaridewithus?'*Icouldhardlybelieveit：amongthepeopleinthecarwastheboywhohadn'trespondedtomywave13yearsbefore!Buthewasn'tignoringmenow.OurOvraffairbegan.Heofferedtheringafewmonthslater.Thediamondwassmall,butmyfuturehusbandchoseitforitsperfectionandshine.Mydaydreampassed.MydaughtercameandsuggestedIshopforanewring."Wheredoyouwanttogo?**Sheasked."Apawnshop（當鋪），"Isaid.Itoldhertherewasonecloseby.注意：.所續(xù)寫短文的詞數(shù)應為150左右；.至少使用5個以上短文中標有下劃線的關鍵詞語；.續(xù)寫部分分為兩段，每段的開頭語已為你寫好：.續(xù)寫完成后，請用下劃線標出你所使用的關鍵詞語。Paragraph1Attheshop,wefoundfivejewellerycounterstolookthough.Paragraph2Theshopassistantgotamagnifyingglass（放大鏡）outandsaid,HIt'sabluebird. 答案和解析1~3.【答案】C、A、A【解析】（DC.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段Thenationwidesurveyrevealedthatevenmoreyoungpeopleneverwatchthesunrise（90%）,lookatclouds（79%）orsmellwildflowers（83%）.（這項全國性調查顯示，甚至有更多的年輕人從不看日出（90%）、看云（79%）或聞野花（83%）。）可知參與這項研究的人與自然關系不大。故選C。A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段Thereportfoundthatyoungpeoplewerehappieriftheywererelaxingoutdoors,suchassittinginagarden.Wellbeingwasalsoimprovedbyengagingwithactivitiesconnectedtothenaturalworld,suchaswritingpoemsandsongsaboutanimalsorcelebratingnaturalevents.（報告發(fā)現(xiàn)，如果年輕人在戶外放松，比如坐在花園里，他們會更快樂。通過參與與自然世界相關的活動，如寫關于動物的詩歌或慶祝自然事件，幸福感也得到改善。）可知親近自然的好處是有助于人們的身體健康。故選AoA.段落大意題。根據(jù)文章最后一段Tohelptackletheproblem,theNationalTrusthaslaunchedaguidetohelppeopleconnectwithnature.（為了幫助解決這個問題，國家信托推出了一份指南，幫助人們與自然聯(lián)系起來。）可知最后一段的主旨大意是何與自然聯(lián)系。故選A。本文在一篇說明文，全國性調查顯示很多人缺少與大自然接觸，并且給與了一些建議。一、速讀全文，了解大意知主題。閱讀能力一般指閱讀速度和理解能力兩個方面。閱讀速度是閱讀最基本的能力，考生必須在十分有限的時間內運用略讀、掃讀、跳讀等技巧快速閱讀，搜尋關鍵詞、主題句，捕捉時空、順序、情節(jié)、人物、觀點，并且理清文章脈絡，把握語篇實質。二、看題干，帶著問題讀文章。首先要掌握問題的類型，客觀信息題可以從文章中直接找到答案；而主觀判斷題考查的是對文章的感情基調等，這類題必須經過對作者的態(tài)度、意圖以及對整篇文章進行深一層的推理等。其次，了解試題題干以及各個選項所包含的信息，然后有針對性地對文章進行掃讀，對有關信息進行快速定位。此法加強了閱讀的針對性，提高了做題的準確率。三、邏輯推理，做好深層理解題。在實際閱讀中，有時作者并未把意圖說出來，閱讀者要根據(jù)字面意思，通過語篇邏輯關系，研究細節(jié)的暗示，推敲作者的態(tài)度，理解文章的寓義。要求讀者對文字的表面信息進行分析、挖掘和邏輯推理，不能就事論事，以偏概全。推理題在提問中常用的詞有：infer,imply,suggest,indicate等?四、猜詞悟義，掃除閱讀攔路虎。猜詞是應用英語的重要能力。它不但需要準確無誤地理解上下文，而且要有較大的泛讀量，掌握或認識較多的課外詞匯。我們要學會"順藤摸瓜"，通過構詞，語法，定義,同位，對比，因果，常識，上下文等線索確定詞義。4?6.【答案】A、D、D【解析】（1）A.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Thepatternsarebestobservedusingthinsheetofeithermetalorglass,knownasaChladniplate,connectedtoasignalgeneratorwhichcanvibrate（震動）atavarietyofaudiofrequencies.最好使用金屬或玻璃薄片（稱為Chladni板）觀察這些圖案，該薄片連接到可以振動的信號發(fā)生器（震動）在不同的音頻頻率?？芍?，Chladniplate使科學家有可能看到聲波。故選A。D.文章出處題。根據(jù)最后一段Thismethodforvisualizingsound,aswellasbeingaremarkableformofnaturalart,canbeusedacrossmanyfieldsofscientificresearch,andoneexampleisthescienceofocean.這種可視化聲音的方法，作為一種非凡的自然藝術形式，可以應用于許多科學研究領域，海洋科學就是一個例子。可知，這篇文章出自于一篇科學雜志，故選D。D.標題判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段Theincrediblepatternsmaylookartificialonthispage,buttheyare,infact,thevisualimageofhowsoundwavesinteractastheytravelacrossasurface.這些令人難以置信的圖案在本頁上看起來可能是人造的，但事實上，它們是聲波在表面?zhèn)鞑r如何相互作用的視覺圖像。及文章最后一段Thismethodforvisualizingsound,aswellasbeingaremarkableformofnaturalart,canbeusedacrossmanyfieldsofscientificresearch,andoneexampleisthescienceofocean.這種可視化聲音的方法，作為一種非凡的自然藝術形式，可以應用于許多科學研究領域，海洋科學就是一個例子。可知，這篇文章主要講的是seeingsound”可視化聲音"，D項符合題意，故選D。本文是說明文，講的是可視化聲音是聲波在表面?zhèn)鞑r相互作用的視覺圖像。閱讀題型，要注重句子與句子之間、段落與段落之間邏輯關系以及對篇章的整體理解，根據(jù)所給問題選擇正確選項完成試題。7?10.【答案】B、D、C、D【解析】（1）B.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段劃線句Attheageof17,PulitzerdecidedtobecomeasoldierintheAustrianArmybutwasrebuffedbecauseofweakeyesight.17歲時，普利策決定成為奧地利軍隊的一名士兵，但因視力不佳而被refused。及后面一句Luckily,helatermettheU.S.UnionArmyandcontractedtojoinedthearmyasasubstituteforadraftee（入伍者）.InAmerica,PulitzerenlistedforoneyearintheLincolnCavalry（騎兵）.幸運的是，他后來遇到了美國聯(lián)邦軍，并簽約參軍，作為新兵的替補.在美國，普利策在林肯騎兵隊服役一年。A項dismissed"解雇"；B項rejected"拒絕"；C項neglected"忽視”;D項acknowledged”承認”，根據(jù)句意可知，B項rejected”拒絕”符合題意,故選B。D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段Attheageof25,PulitzerbecameapublisherandtherefollowedaseriesofsuccessfulbusinessdealsfromwhichhebecamerecognizedastheowneroftheSt.LouisPost-Dispatch,andarisingfigureonthejounialisticscene.WhentakingholdofthePost-Dispatch,Pulitzerworkedathisdeskfromearlymorninguntilmidnightorlater,interestinghimselfineverydetailofthepaper.Hespeciallysplashedinvestigativearticlescriticizinggovernmentcorruption(腐敗).Withhishardwork,circulationmountedandthepaperwassuccessful.25歲時，普利策成為了一家出版商，隨后又有了一系列的成功成功的商業(yè)交易使他成為圣路易斯郵報的所有者，并在新聞界嶄露頭角。在掌握郵報快訊時，普利策從早到晚都在辦公桌前工作，對報紙的每一個細節(jié)都很感興趣。他特別在報紙上刊登了一篇調查報道批評政府腐敗的文章。由于他的努力，發(fā)行量增加了，報紙也成功了?？芍琍ulilzer擁有《郵報》雜志確立了他在新聞界的地位。故選D。C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段In1912,oneyearafterPulitzefsdeath,theColumbiaSchoolofJournalismwasfounded,andthefirstPulitzerPrizeswereawardedin1917.1912年，也就是普利策去世一年后，哥倫比亞新聞學院成立，第一個普利策獎于1917年頒發(fā)?？芍⑵绽擢劦哪康氖菫榱思o念JosephPulitzero故選C。D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段Altheageof25,PulitzerbecameapublisherandtherefollowedaseriesofsuccessfulbusinessdealsfromwhichhebecamerecognizedastheowneroftheSt.LouisPost-Dispatch,andarisingfigureonthejournalisticscene.25歲時，普利策成為了一家出版商，隨后又有了一系列的成功成功的商業(yè)交易使他成為圣路易斯郵報的所有者，并在新聞界嶄露頭角。及第四段Fiveyearslater,duringajourneytoNewYork,PulitzerpurchasedTheNewYorkWorld,whichwasinfinancialdifficulties.五年后，在去紐約的旅途中，普利策買下了財政困難的《紐約世界》。可知Pulitzer是有抱負的，有膽量的，勇敢的，D項Ambitiousandcourageous”雄心勃勃的，勇敢的”符合題意，故選D。短文主要描寫了匈牙利裔美國人約瑟夫?普利策的基本信息，介紹了他的軍事生涯和他的新聞事業(yè)以及他在政治上的成就，最后他建立了普利策獎，對后世具有很大影響力。閱讀題型，要注重句子與句子之間、段落與段落之間邏輯關系以及對篇章的整體理解,根據(jù)所給問題選擇正確選項完成試題。11?15.【答案】A、D、B、F、C【解析】(1)A.推理判斷題?？瞻浊熬湟隽薃damGrant的話"Theworld'smostsuccessfulpeoplearen'tworriedaboutwhattimeotherswakeup.Theywakeandworkontheschedulethatworksforthem.(世界上最成功的人從不擔心別人什么時候起床。他們按照最適合自己的時間起床和工作)"，A選項"Scienceagrees.科學對此表示同意表示這種說法是符合科學的，”這與下一句中"researchshows”的內容也是吻合的，符合語境。故選A項。D.細節(jié)理解題?？瞻浊熬?Whileyoumightthinkbecominganearlybirdisasimplematterofwillpowerandpersistence,researchshowsthatwhetheryou'reanearlyriseroranightowlispredominately（主要地）biological.“給出科學研究的結論：一個人早起還是晚睡主要是由生物原因決定的，D選項"Inshort,theydidn*tdecidetobenightowls.簡而言之，他們并非自己決定要當夜貓子的"承接這一結論，且與下一句"Theyarenightowls."共同表達"夜貓子不是自己想當夜貓子，而是天生就是夜貓子"，這與研究結論是相符的。故選D項。B.細節(jié)理解題?？瞻浊熬?Whilestudiesshowthatmorningpeopletendtobemorepersistent,self-directedandtendtobebetterplanners,nightowlstendtoperformbetteronteststhatmeasurememoryprocessingspeedandcognitiveability"進一步闡述研究表明的兩種類型的人（早起的人和晚睡的人）各自具備的特點，指出夜貓子傾向于在測試記憶力、處理速度和認知能力時表現(xiàn)更佳，B選項"Theytendtobemorecreative.他們傾向于更具創(chuàng)造性"是順承前句進步的結論，符合語境。故選B項。F.細節(jié)理解題。本段歸結到作者想表達的觀點上：要找到適合自己的作息時間?？涨熬?S。ifyouwanttosethighergoalsforyourself,shouldyoutrytobecomeamorningperson?Orifyouwanttobemoreopentonewexperiences,shouldyoutrytobecomeanightowl?Nope提出兩個問題并作了否定回答，是在表達我們不應該為了某種目的就一定要早起或晚睡，F(xiàn)選項"Youshouldbewhoyouareandstoptryingtobesomethingyou'renot.你應該做自己，別再試圖變成不屬于自己的樣子"順承前句觀點，并最終引出段末的"They'resuccessfulbecausethey'vematchedtheirbodyclockstotheirschedules.（他們成功了是因為他們把生物鐘和作息時間匹配上了）"這一觀點，符合段落主題和行文邏輯。故選F項。C.推理判斷題。最后一段升華主題，說明成功的關鍵?？瞻浊熬?Successisallaboutwhatyouaccomplish”指出成功只關乎你實現(xiàn)了什么,C選項"C.It'snotthetimeofdayyouaccomplishit.而不是你在一天里的什么時候實現(xiàn)了"它順承前句，也呼應了文章探討的作息時間話題，符合語境。故選C項。這是一篇議論文。文章引用科學研究的結論指出，一個人早起和晚睡主要是由生物因素決定的，兩種人有著各自的特點，而成功的關鍵是要找到適合自己的作息時間。關于七選五的做題步驟：步驟一：快速瀏覽一遍七個備選答案，先確定哪個選項適合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：標題，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。步驟二：快速瀏覽文章，確定文章體裁，抓住文章結構。步驟三：分析篇章結構，找出各段的主題句或主旨大意。步驟四：注意各選項中出現(xiàn)的句子銜接手段，尋找句中銜接標志詞。步驟五：區(qū)分相似項。16?35.【答案】A、C、B、A、C、C、A、A、B、D、A、D、C>C、B、B、A、D、D、B【解析】(1)A.考查名詞及語境理解。A.lab實驗室；B.kitchen廚房；C.street街道；D.park公園。下文第一段第二句"forconductingchemistryexperiments以及，第二段IfoundmyselfteachingchemistryatWestVirginiaUniversity可知道是實驗室。故選A。C.考查動詞及語境理解。A.work工作；B.reduce減少；C.grow成長；D.change改變。下文第二段第三句"Myinterestinwoodworkingcontinued…”以及讀過整篇文章后可知作者的木工興趣是越來越濃厚的。故選C。B.考查名詞及語境理解。A.kids孩子；B.furniture家具；C.housing房子；D.jobs職位。下文第二段第三句Istartedtocollecttools。收集工具顯然不是為了孩子，結合本文主題是“木工”所以選家具。故選B。A.考查動詞及語境理解。A.producing生產;B.selling出售；C.designing設計；0.exchanging交換。下文第二段第五句inordertoturnpartsforfurniture,把零件變成家具顯然是要先生產零件。故選A。C.考查動詞及語境理解。A.broken破壞；B.advanced進步；C.used使用的;0.abandoned放棄。卜文第二段第五句Igotmarried,hadnomoney,明顯要車床便宜而且能用所以選C。故選C。C.考查動詞及語境理解。A.ordered預定；B.required要求；C.suggested建議；□.commanded命令。下文afriend wetakeawoodturningclassattheArkansasArtsCenter.朋友顯然是建議我學習木工技術，所以是建議。故選C。A.考查動詞及語境理解。A.hesitated猶豫；B.agreed同意；C.quit退出；D.suffered遭受。下文becauseIwasafraidthatitwouldbecomeItwas!Aboutadecadelater,Ibeganto..…woodtumingclassesattheArtsCenter.全文看得出作者已經開始教授“木工”，所以這里說害怕…明顯是害怕上癮教授“木工”，所以填寫猶豫。故選A。A.考查形容詞及語境理解。A.addiclive上癮的；B.disappoinling失望的；C.beneficial有益的；D.unique特殊的。下文這里的和上一題是聯(lián)系在一起的，選擇上癮的。因為害怕的對象只能是上癮或者失望，但是后面的文章沒有提到失望。故選A。B.考查動詞及語境理解。A.take拿；B.teach教；C.choose選擇：D.miss錯過。下文IbegantowoodturningclassesattheArtsCenter.提至了教室class當然是上課，所以是教授。故選B。D.考查名詞及語境理解。A.academy學院；B.adventure冒險；C.expectation期望；0.experience經歷。下文Ihavemetpeoplefromallwalksoflife,andsomehavebecomeclose…….friendso這里的學院和冒險明顯不符合。但是期望和經歷有判斷選擇的條件，這里從后文的時態(tài)看得出來是完成時，證明后文的教授的這個學生是已經學成了手藝并且加入當?shù)厣鐖F。所以這些事情就是經歷而不是期盼。故選DoA.考查形容詞及語境理解。A.personal個人的；B.public公共；C.special特殊;D.loyal皇家。下文Ihavemetpeoplefromallwalksoflife,andsomehavebecomeclose friendso這里的朋友是close的，所以必然是私人的關系。故選A。D.考查副詞及語境理解。A.actually事實上地；B.nearly幾乎地；C.exactly精確地；□.especially特殊地。下文OnestudentthatIparticularly wasvisitingfromPuertoRicoo這里提到了特殊的來自波多黎各的學員，所以是特殊的。故選D。)C.考查動詞及語境理解。A.demand要求；B.respect尊敬；C.remember記憶；D.admire敬仰。下文Whenshereturned,sheboughtalathe,beganturningandwasacceptedasamemberofaassociationontheislando這里提到了這位學員之后的成就，所以這些事情是值得記憶的。尊敬，敬仰，要求都與語境不合適。故選C。C.考查形容詞及語境理解。A.fishermank漁夫的；B.salesman，s銷售員的；C.craftsmank手藝人的；D.seamank海員的。這里提到的都輸木工，當然是手藝人。故選C。B.考查連詞及語境理解。A.while當..時候；B.because因為;C.when當…時候；D.so所以。下文“Itellpeoplethatmylatheisacheappsychologist, producingitemsinwood,whetherfurniture,saladbowlsor“turned"art,givesmeafeelingof. thatfewwillexperienceintoday's.….world.”這里的15,16,17三個空格一起解決，這里對比了當今的繁忙社會和制作木器的時候得到了精神滿足，所以17填寫A.忙的。16空填寫做好了木器所以是B.成就。15空的分析是這樣：Itellpeoplethatmylatheisacheappsychologist是個主句，后面有個動詞gives,這個動詞應該有個主語，這個主語只能是producing,所以使用B.because做原因狀語從句。故選B。B.考查名詞及語境理解。A.mercy憐憫；B.achievement成就；C.confidence自信；0.responsibility責任。下文“Itellpeoplethatmylatheisacheappsychologist, producingitemsinwood,whetherfurniture,saladbowlsor"turned"art,givesmeafeelingof. thatfewwillexperienceintoday's..…world.”這里的15,16,17三個空格一起解決，這里對比了當今的繁忙社會和制作木器的時候得到了精神滿足，所以17填寫A.忙的。16空填寫做好了木器所以是B.成就。15空的分析是這樣：Itellpeoplethatmylatheisacheappsychologist是個主句，后面有個動詞gives,這個動詞應該有個主語，這個主語只能是producing,所以使用B.because做原因狀語從句。故選B。A.考查形容詞及語境理解。A.busy忙的；B.great偉大的；C.easy簡單的;D.general大方的o下文“Itellpeoplethatmylatheisacheappsychologist, producingitemsinwood,whetherfumiture,saladbowlsor"turned"art,givesmeafeelingof. thatfewwillexperienceintoday's..…world.”這里的15,16,17三個空格一起解決，這里對比了當今的繁忙社會和制作木器的時候得到了精神滿足，所以17填寫A.忙的。16空填寫做好了木器所以是B.成就。15空的分析是這樣：Itellpeoplethatmylatheisacheappsychologist是個主句，后面有個動詞gives,這個動詞應該有個主語，這個主語只能是producting,所以使用B.because做原因狀語從句。故選A。D.考查名詞及語境理解。A.impression印象:B.meanings含義；C.process工序，過程；D.fruits水果，成果。下文youactuall