【2022】人教版英語八年級(jí)下冊(cè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)(精華版)

PAGEPAGE18最新人教版英語八年級(jí)下冊(cè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)（精華版）作者：鄧華Unit1 What’sthematter?一．重點(diǎn)短語1.haveacold感冒 2.haveastomachache胃疼3.haveasoreback背疼 4.haveasorethroat喉嚨疼5.haveafever發(fā)燒 6.liedownand(havea)rest躺下休息7.havearest休息 8.hotteawithhoney加蜂蜜的熱茶9.drinklotsofwater多喝水 10.seeadentist看牙醫(yī) seeadoctor看醫(yī)11.lotsof,alotof,許多。大量alotalotof=lotsof，可以修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞，一般用在肯定句中：Therearelotsof（alotof）booksinourlibrary.Thereisalotofwateronthegroundalot,是一個(gè)副詞詞組，跟動(dòng)詞連用；表示十分，很等意思；Thanksalot.12.haveatoothache牙疼 13.That’sagoodidea好主意gotobedgotobedearly早上床睡覺feelwell感到好feelill感到不舒服Idon’tfeelwell=I’mnotfeelingwell .startdoing/todosth開始做某事todo 是一件事情完成了，開始做另外一件事情doing是原來的那件事情做到一半，現(xiàn)在又開始做了，是同一件事情。twodaysago兩天前 18.getsomerest多休,休息一會(huì)兒19.Ithinkso我認(rèn)為是這樣 20.bethirsty口渴 21.behungry饑餓22.bestressedout緊張 23.listentomusic聽音樂24.healthylifestyle健康的生活方式 25.traditionalChinesedoctors傳統(tǒng)中醫(yī)needtodosth需要做某事Ihaveatoothache.Ineedtoseeadentist.,needtokeepourclassroomclean..

toomuch+不可數(shù)名詞太多的…muchtoo形副實(shí)在太…toomany…28.begoodforsth./doingsth.對(duì)什么有益，對(duì)什么有好處bebadforsth./doingsth.對(duì)什么有害begoodto對(duì)…好begoodat=dowellin在……方面好，擅長(zhǎng)begood(bad)for、begoodat的相關(guān)用法begoodfor對(duì) 有益Doingmorningexercisesisgoodforyourhealth. 做早操對(duì)你們的建康有益。begoodatLiPingisgoodatbasketball.李平擅長(zhǎng)于籃球。=Pingisgoodatplayingbasketball.李平擅長(zhǎng)于打籃球。begoodat=dowellin如：I'mgoodatmath.=Idowellinmath.我擅長(zhǎng)于數(shù)學(xué)。begoodto對(duì) 好Parentsarealwaysgoodtotheirchildren.父母親總是對(duì)他們的孩子好。getgoodgrades取得好成績(jī)angry用法beangrywithsb生某人的氣Iwasangrywithhimforkeepingmewaiting.beangryat/aboutsth就某事生氣It’seasytodosthIt’simportanttodosth.做某事很重要。balanceddiet平衡飲食gettired感到疲倦be/gettiredstayhealthy保持健康=keephealthy=keepingoodhealthHeshouldn’teatanything=Heshouldeatnothing.他不應(yīng)當(dāng)吃任何東西.givesbsomeadvice給某人建議giveadvice提出建議advice是不可數(shù)名詞apieceofadvice一則建議takeone’sadvice采納或聽從某人的建議Hegavemesomegoodadvice.他向我提了一些很好的意見。sleep8hoursanightgetenoughsleep得到充足的睡眠takemedicine Ihavetotakemedicinethreetimesadayformycold.,我不得不一天吃三次藥二．固定結(jié)構(gòu)It’s+形容詞+forsb.+todosth. 做某事對(duì)某人來說是的。It’simportantformetoeatabalanceddiet.It’seasyforustofindouttheanswer.找出答案對(duì)我們來說是容易的It’simportant/easytodosth.做某事很重要/容易。三．重點(diǎn)句子What’sthematter?What’sthematterwithyou?你怎么啦？=What’sthetroublewithyou?=What’swrongwithyou?Ihaveacold/haveasoreback/haveastomachacheThat’stoobad.Youshould/shouldn’t…./…Youshouldliedownandrest/drinkhotteawithhoney/seeadentist/seeadoctor.Heshouldn’teatanything=Heshouldeatnothing.他不應(yīng)當(dāng)吃任何東西.I’mnotfeelingwell.這里well表示身體狀況，不能用good代替Idon’tfeelwell=I’mnotfeelingwell.Whendiditstart?Abouttwodaysago.什么時(shí)候開始的？大約兩天前5.Ihopeyoufeelbettersoon.(這里betterwell的比較級(jí))10.It’seasytohaveahealthylifestyle,andit’simportanttoeatabalanceddiet.有一個(gè)健康的生活方式很容易，飲食平衡是很重要的。四．語法要點(diǎn)：反身代詞以及提建議的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法should的用法should是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，它的基本用法是必須和其他動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成謂語。

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，意"應(yīng)該 。should（應(yīng)當(dāng)，應(yīng)該）用于所有人稱，表示勸告或建議。eg.Youshouldwaitalittlemore.你應(yīng)該再多等一會(huì)兒。Youshouldn`teatsomuchnexttime.你下次不應(yīng)該吃這么多。反身代詞:myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, yourselves, themselves,hurthimselfinPEclass.（作賓語）Justbeyourself.（作表語）3).Theheadmasterhimselfmetme.（作主語同位語）4).Youshouldaskthedoctorhimself.（作賓語同位語）maybemaybemaybe”“perhaps”。如：Maybehecananswerthequestion. 也許他能回答那個(gè)問題。HemaybeisfromtheUSA,too. 他可能也來自美國(guó)。maybe中的may為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，譯可能是 ”。如：HemaybefromtheUSA,too. 他可能也來自美國(guó)。ShemaybeourEnglishteacher.她可能是我們的英語老師few、afew、little、alittle的區(qū)別和聯(lián)系：few/afew用來修飾可數(shù)名詞，fewfewHehasfewfriendshere,hefeelslonely.他這里沒朋友，他感覺寂寞。Thereareafeweggsinthebasket.籃子里有幾個(gè)雞蛋。little/alittle用來修飾不可數(shù)名詞，little表示否定意思，沒有，幾乎沒有。 alittle表示肯定意思，有一點(diǎn)兒。例如：Thereislittleinkinmybottle,canyougivemealittleink?我的瓶子里沒有墨水了，你能給我點(diǎn)兒墨水嗎？not…until直到否定句) 才，動(dòng)詞為短暫性或瞬間性動(dòng)詞Shedidn’tleaveuntilwecame.Hewentshoppingafterhegotup.=Hedidn’tgoshoppinguntil/beforehegotup. 6.……until/till 直到 （肯定句）動(dòng)詞為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞Westayedheretill/until12o’clock.:

Unit2I'llhelpcleanthecityparks.

21.hangout閑蕩閑逛Iliketohangoutatmallwithmyfriends.我喜歡和我的朋友一起去購物中心閑逛。cheer(sb.)up 使(某人)cheermeup使我高興cleanup 打掃 clean-upn.打掃volunteertodo v.自愿做某事comeupwith thinkup想出catchupwith putoffdoing推遲做某事puton ()putup 張貼callup打電話 makeatelephonecall打電話writedown寫下記下setupput…touse…投入使用，利用helpsb.(to)do幫助某人做某事helpsb.withsth.幫助某人做某事plantodo計(jì)劃做某事 plan+從句IplantogotoBeijing.==Iplan(that)IwillgotoBeijing.我計(jì)劃去北京。spenddoing……IspentadayvisitingBeijing.我花了一天的時(shí)間去參觀北京。spend…onsth. ……Ispent3yearsonEnglish.takeafter()與(父母等)相像besimilarto與..相像 takeafter相像lookafter照顧 takecareof照顧workout①結(jié)局，結(jié)果為Thestrategiesthathecameupwithworkedoutfine.他提出的這個(gè)策略效果很好。②算出，制訂出，消耗完（精力等）Heneverseemstobeworkedout.他好像永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)疲乏似的。Heworkedoutaplan.他制訂了一個(gè)計(jì)劃。Ihaveworkedoutourtotalexpenses.我已經(jīng)算出了我們總的費(fèi)用。

beabletodo能，會(huì) beunabletodo不能，不會(huì)thankyoufordoingthankyouforhelpingme謝謝做幫助我forsure 確實(shí)如此，毫無疑問Youdon’thavemoney.That’sforsure.你沒有錢，這是毫無疑問的。fill…with……充… …填充…Shefilledthebowlwithwater.她用水填滿碗。handout 分發(fā) handoutbananasgiveout分發(fā) giveoutsthtosb.….給某人giveupdoing放… giveupsmoking放棄吸煙giveaway贈(zèng)送捐贈(zèng) giveawaysth.to….giveawaymoneytogivesb.sth.給某人某東西 givememoney給我錢givesth.tosb.給某人某東西givemoneytome給我線helpsbout幫助()Ican’tworkoutthismathproblem.Pleasehelpmeout.我不能算出這道數(shù)學(xué)問題，請(qǐng)你幫我解決。trainsb.todo.訓(xùn)練某人做某事 (train v.訓(xùn))Shetrainsherdogtofetchthings.她訓(xùn)練她的狗去取東西。bytrain乘火車 （train n.火車）atonce==rightawayDoitatonce.馬上去做。I’llgothereatonce/rightaway.我馬上去那里。二．重點(diǎn)句型：Wecan’tputoffmakingaplan.Clean-upDayisonlytwoweeksfromnow.我們不能推遲制訂計(jì)劃，清潔日離現(xiàn)在只有兩周了。Sheputsthislovetogoodusebyworkingintheafter-schoolcarecentreatherlocalelementaryschool.使這個(gè)愛好得到較好的利用3．NotonlydoIfeelgoodabouthelpingotherpeople,butIgettospendtimedoingwhatIlovetodo.幫助別人不但自己感快樂，而且我開始花時(shí)間做自己喜歡做的事了。Thethreestudentsplantosetupastudentvolunteerprojectattheirschool.這三個(gè)學(xué)生計(jì)劃在他們校開展一個(gè)學(xué)生志愿者項(xiàng)目。Healsoputupsomesignaskingforoldbikes.6.Thestrategiesthathecameupwithworkedoutfine.他想出的這個(gè)辦法很效。8．Weneedtocomeupwithaplan.我們需要指定一個(gè)計(jì)劃。Youcouldhelpcleanupthecityparks.你可以幫助打掃城市公園。Henowhassixteenbikestofixupandgiveawaytochildrenwhodon’thavebikes.16三、語法：1、常見動(dòng)詞短語結(jié)構(gòu)有下面幾種：giveup放棄turnoff關(guān)掉stayup熬夜這種結(jié)構(gòu)有時(shí)相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞，如果其賓語是代詞，就必須放在動(dòng)詞和副詞之間，如果是名詞，則既可插在動(dòng)詞和副詞之間，也可放在短語動(dòng)詞后。、動(dòng)詞介詞如：listento聽lookat看belongto屬于這種結(jié)構(gòu)相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞，后面跟賓語。、動(dòng)+副+介詞如：comeupwith提出，想出 runoutof用完，耗盡+(介詞)如：takepartin參加catchholdof抓住2、sickill的用法區(qū)別：sick adj.生病的的作表語、定語 ill adj.生病的 作表語，不能作定語3、each與every的用法區(qū)別：each每個(gè)各自的強(qiáng)調(diào)第一個(gè)人或事物的個(gè)別情況常與of連用every每個(gè)每一個(gè)的一切的則有“全體”的意思不能與of連用4、runout與runoutof的用法區(qū)別：①runout(becomeusedup).其主語往往為物。如時(shí)間，食物，金錢，油等，本身就含有被動(dòng)意義。Hismoneysoonranout.他的錢很快就花光了。Ourtimeisrunningout.我們剩下的時(shí)間不多了。②runoutof主語為人，表示主動(dòng)含義。

Heisalwaysrunningoutofmoneybeforepayday.他總是在發(fā)工資的日子還沒有到就把錢花完了。兩者在一定條件下可以互換:如：Thepetrolisrunningout.汽油快用完了=Wearerunningoutofpetrol.我們快把汽油用完了。Ourtimeisrunningout.=Wearerunningoutoftime我們剩下的時(shí)間不多了。5、jointakepartin的用法區(qū)別：join參加指參加團(tuán)體、組) 如：jointheParty入黨takepartin參加(指參加活) 如：takepartinsportsmeeting參加運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)6、oneday與someday的用法區(qū)別：oneday有一天(指將過去) someday有一天(指將來)如：OnedayIwenttoBeijing.有一天我去了北京。SomedayI’llgotoBeijing.有一天我將去北京。7、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞could用于提建議eg:Youcouldask區(qū)別thehospitaltoletyouvisitthekids.8、動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語、賓語和賓語補(bǔ)足語WecomeheretostudyEnglish.（作狀語）Iwanttogo.（作賓語）Sheaskedmetocome.（作賓語補(bǔ)足語）Unit3 Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?一．重點(diǎn)短語：1.couldyoupleasedosth.?你……嗎？/請(qǐng)你……好嗎？ 2.dothechores做雜務(wù)3.dothedishes洗餐具 4.sweepthefloor清掃地板5.takeoutthetrash倒垃圾 6.makeone'sbed鋪床7.foldone'sclothes疊衣服 8.cleanthelivingroom清掃客廳9.stayoutlate晚歸 10.comeover過來11.haveatest考試 12.getaride搭車useone'scomputer使用某人的電腦hatesth./hatetodosth./hatedoingsth./做某事dothelaundry=dosomewashing=washclothes洗衣服17.washthecar洗車makebreakfast/makedinner=dosomecooking做飯workon從事，忙于 workat學(xué)習(xí)、致力于、……上下工夫borrowsomemoney借一些錢borrowsth.fromsb.向某人借某物(借入)lendsb.sth.=lendsth.tosb.借給某人某物(借出)Youcanborrowsomemoneyfromyourbrother. 你可以向你哥哥借些錢。Canyoulendmeyourbike?你能借給我你的自行車嗎？invitesb.todosth.邀請(qǐng)某人做某事Theyinvitedmetojointheirclub.他們邀請(qǐng)我參加俱樂部。invitesbtoaplace邀請(qǐng)某人去某地inviteyoutomypartygotothestore去商店agreesb.todosth.同意某人做某事 agreewithsb.同意某人的意見disagreesb.todosth.不同意某人做某事 disagreewithsb.不同意某人的意見takecareof=lookafter照顧、照看、照料takegoodcareof=lookafter…well把……照管得好takesb.forawalk帶某人去散步playwithsb.和某人玩

couldcan,could之外，還可以用may，句子的表達(dá)方式也各有不同，可以用不同的方式來表示同一個(gè)概念。例：Could/Can/MayIuseyourcarforaday?作允答可以各種各樣：如同意可以說Yes，或Sure或Certainly，還可說Yes,(do)please.或Ofcourse.(youmay/can).或That'sOK/allright.如果不同意，可以說I'msorryyoucan't.或I'mreallysorry,butIhavetouseittoday.要避免說No,youcan't.這樣顯得很不禮貌。否定回答通常用委婉語氣。三、語法：1、關(guān)于to的短語總結(jié)：havetodosth.不得不，必須做某事needtodosth.需要做某事hatetodosth.討厭做某事liketodosth.喜歡做某事wanttodosth.想做某事lovetodosth.熱愛做某事forgettodosth.忘記做某事starttodosth.開始做某事begintodosth.開始做某事asksbtodosth.請(qǐng)某人做某事2、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞could用于禮貌請(qǐng)求和許可。forgettodosth.忘記去做某(未做) forgetdoingsth.忘記做過某(做過)

nit

hydontyoutalktoyourparents二．重點(diǎn)句型

U一、重點(diǎn)短語havefreetime

4.W ’

allowsb

?todosth1.Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?

有空閑時(shí)間 2. .

.允許某人做某事essure

cant havetodomyhomeworkfirst

3.hangoutwithsb.與某人閑逛 4.after-schoolclasses課外活動(dòng)課Y , ./

,I '.I .

5.getintoafightwithsb.與某人吵打架 6.untilmidnight直到半夜CouldIpleaseusethecar?

talktosb

toomanyure

fcourse oyoucan

havetogoout

7. .與某人交談 8. 太多S ./C

./O

./N,

'.I .

9.studytoomuch學(xué)得過多 10.getenoughsleep有足夠的睡眠could代替can，以表示禮貌，委婉或不確定的語氣，而cancould看作can

11.writesb.aletter給某人寫信 12.callsb.up打電話給某人13.surprisesb.令某人驚訝 14.lookthrough翻看15.beangrywithsb.生某人的氣 16.abigdeal 重要的事17.workout成功地發(fā)解決 18.getonwith和睦相處；關(guān)系良好19.fightalot經(jīng)常吵/打架 20.hangover 籠罩21.refusetodosth.拒絕做某事 22.offertodosth.主動(dòng)提出做某事23.sothat以便 24.mindsb.doingsth.介意某人做某事25.allthe一直 26.infuture今后27.makesb.angry使某人生氣 28.worryaboutsth.擔(dān)心某事29.copyone’shomework抄襲某人的作業(yè) 30.beoneself做自己31.familymembers家庭成員 32.spendtimealone獨(dú)自消磨時(shí)光33.givesb.pressure給某人施壓 34.haveafightwithsb.與某人吵架35.competewithsb.與某人競(jìng)爭(zhēng) 36.freetimeactivities業(yè)余活動(dòng)37.getbettergrades取得更好的成績(jī) 38.giveone’sopinion提出某人的觀點(diǎn)39.learnexamskills學(xué)習(xí)應(yīng)試技巧 40.practicesports體育訓(xùn)練41.causestress造成壓力 42.cutout刪除二.重要詞匯和句型get (1)買getsth.forsb.==getsb.sth. 為某人買某物Canyougetsomefruitformewhenyougoshopping?==Canyougetmesomefruitwhenyougoshopping(2),到達(dá)Wheredidyougetthebook?Whendidyougettheletter?Hegothomelatelastnight.,讓get+賓語+賓補(bǔ) 使某\某物怎么樣Pleasegetyoucoatclean. Getyourmouthclosed.getsb.todosth. \某物做某事IgothimtocallJimyesterday.()…Theweathergetswarmeranddaysgetlonger.Whydidtheteachergetangry?howabout\ whatabout \\動(dòng)詞ing形式。(1)向?qū)Ψ教岢鼋ㄗh或請(qǐng)求Howaboutgoingoutforawalk?Howaboutsomethingtoeat?(2)向?qū)Ψ秸髑笠庖娀蚩捶℉owabouttheTVplay? Howaboutbuyingthehousenow?

(3)詢問天氣或身體情況HowabouttheweatherinHainanIsland?Howaboutyourparents? Aretheylivingwithyou(4)談話中承接上下文I’mfortyyearsold. Howaboutyou?I’mfromBeijing. Howaboutyou?receive收到 Thegirlwashappytoreceivemanygiftsonherbirthday.receivealetterfrom==getaletterfrom== heardfrom收到某人的信IreceivedaletterfrommyparentslastSunday.==IgotaletterfrommyparentslastSunday.==IheardfrommyparentslastSunday.accept 接受 Hecouldn’tacceptoursuggestionsbutourgifts.Shewasverygladtoreceivetheinvitation.Hedidn’treceiveagoodeducationatuniversity.Ireceivedaninvitationtotheparty,butIrefusedtoacceptit.a 6--year–old child一個(gè)六歲的孩子6--year–old是由“數(shù)詞+名詞+形容詞”構(gòu)成的復(fù)合形容詞,作前置定語,修飾后面的名詞child.數(shù)詞+名詞+形容詞構(gòu)成的復(fù)合形容詞，中間的名詞要用單數(shù)形式：a five-year-old girl 一個(gè)五歲的女孩a two-meter-long ruler一把兩米長(zhǎng)的尺子a ten-story-high building一棟十層高的樓房a two-inch-thick dictionary一本兩英寸厚的詞典too… to…太…… 而不能……too后跟形容詞或副詞原,to后跟動(dòng)詞原,構(gòu)成不定.句子的主語動(dòng)詞不定的主語不一,可以在動(dòng)詞不定式前加邏輯主語for sb.Heistooyoungtojointhearmy(軍隊(duì)).他年紀(jì)太小，不能去參軍。Themathproblemistoodifficultformetoworkout.這道數(shù)學(xué)題對(duì)我來說太難了,做不出。too… to…可以與enough to和so…that…轉(zhuǎn).與enough to轉(zhuǎn)換,enough前的形容,副詞必須是too后面形容詞、副詞的反義, 并使用其否定句式.Sheistooyoungtodothework.== sheisn’toldenoughtodothework.與so…that…轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí),that后面的從句要用否定形式.Tomistootiredtowalkanyfarther.==Tomissotiredthathecan’twalkanyfarther.cost 動(dòng)詞, 花費(fèi)/價(jià)值多少錢)Howmuchdiditcost?這花了多少錢？Ididn’tbuyitbecauseitcosttoomuch.我沒有買，因?yàn)樗F了。Themealcostusabout100yuan.這頓飯花費(fèi)了我大約100塊3.pay, spend, cost, take 的區(qū)別pay 花費(fèi)(多少錢),主語是人. Sb.paysomemoneyforsth.Ipaid5000yuanforthecomputerlastweek.5000買電腦。Spend 花費(fèi)(多少錢或時(shí)間),主語是人.Sb.spendsomemoneyonsth.Sb.spendsometime(in)doingsth.Ispent5000yuanonthecomputerlastweek.Shespent2hours(in)doingherhomework.她花了2個(gè)小時(shí)做作業(yè)。cost 花費(fèi)(多少錢),主語是物. Sth.costsb.somemoney.Thisjacketcosthim200dollars.這件夾克衫花費(fèi)她200美元。take花費(fèi)時(shí)間),主語為Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.花費(fèi)某人多少時(shí)間做某事How long does it take sb. to do sth?花費(fèi)某人多少時(shí)間做某事?IttookLiuHong2hourstodoherhomework.劉紅花了2個(gè)小時(shí)做作業(yè)。sleep, sleeping, sleepy, asleep, fall asleep, be asleepsleep 動(dòng), 睡,強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng).Iamverytired.Iwanttosleep.我很累，想睡覺。sleeping, sleep,“”Don’tmakesomuchnoise.Thebabyissleeping.不要這么吵，寶寶在睡覺。sleepy ,.Iamalittlesleepy.I’dliketogotobed.我有點(diǎn)困了，我想去床上睡覺了。

asleep .TheteacherfoundTomasleepinclassandkepthimbehindafterschool.老師發(fā)現(xiàn)湯姆上課睡覺，放學(xué)后就把他留了下來。fall asleep強(qiáng)調(diào)從沒有睡著到睡著的過, 不能接一段時(shí)間Icouldn’tfallasleepuntilitwasverylatelastnight.我昨天晚上到很晚才睡著。be asleep,“”,.Hewasasleepforthreehours.他睡了3個(gè)小時(shí)。choose ,“,挑選”,過去式chose,過去分詞chosenchoosetodosth.選擇做某事WechooseMikeasourleader(領(lǐng)導(dǎo)).我們選擇邁克作為我們的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。Willyouhelpmechooseadictionary?你會(huì)幫我選一本字典嗎？open (1)動(dòng), 打開,開業(yè), 開張, 展現(xiàn)Wouldyoumindopeningthewindow?你介意我把窗戶打開嗎？(2)形容, be open開著,開放的Onweekendstheswimmingpoolisopentothepublic.在周末,這個(gè)游泳池是對(duì)公眾開放的。close 動(dòng)詞, 關(guān)閉,關(guān)上,合上closed 形容, be closed 關(guān)著的, 關(guān)閉的rather than ……,代詞,從句Thecolorseemsgreenratherthanblue.這種顏色看上去像綠色而不是藍(lán)色。Wedependonyouratherthanonhim.我們依賴的是你父親而不是他。prefertodosthratherthando sth.寧……, 也不……Shepreferredtostayathomeratherthangowithus.她寧愿待在家里也不愿和我們一起去。instead (1)位于句,表示“反, 相反”Ididn’tgotothecinemalastnight，instead,IwatchedafootballmatchonTV.我昨天晚上沒有去看電影，反而是在家里看了場(chǎng)足球賽。(2)位于句, 表示“作為代, 而”Idon’tlikethisone,pleasegivemethatinstead.我不喜歡這件，給我那件吧。instead of 后跟名,代詞,動(dòng)名,介詞短表示“代, 而不”Wewalkeddownthestairsinsteadoftakingtheelevator(電梯).我們不是坐電梯下來，而是走樓梯。encourage 動(dòng), 鼓,激勵(lì)encouragesb.todo sth.鼓勵(lì)某人做某事Parentsshouldencouragechildrentodothingsbythemselves.家長(zhǎng)們應(yīng)該要鼓勵(lì)孩子們自己動(dòng)手做事情，progress名,“進(jìn),進(jìn)” makeprogress取得進(jìn),取得進(jìn)”Tomisnowmakinggreatprogressatschool.湯姆現(xiàn)在在學(xué)校的進(jìn)步很大。takeaninterestindoingsth.對(duì)(做)某事感興趣否定表達(dá)是takenointerestin(doing)sth.對(duì)(做)某事不感興趣DoyoutakeaninterestinEnglish?你對(duì)英語感興趣嗎？Mostchildrentakeaninterestinplayingcomputergames.大多數(shù)孩子對(duì)電腦游戲很感興趣。21.makefriendswithsb. 和某人交朋友Wouldyouliketomakefriendswithus?你想和我們交朋友嗎？三、語法：1、連詞until,sothat,although的用法2、whydon`tyou…句型用法Unit5.Whatwereyoudoingwhentherainstormcame?一、重點(diǎn)短語1.makesure確;確認(rèn) 2.beatagainst...拍……3.fallasleep進(jìn)人夢(mèng)鄉(xiāng)；睡著 4.diedown逐漸變?nèi)?；逐漸消失5.wakeup醒來 6.inamess一團(tuán)糟7.break...apart使……分離 8.intimesofdifficulty在困難的時(shí)候9.atthetimeof當(dāng)時(shí)候 10.gooff鬧鐘)發(fā)出響聲11.takeahotshower洗熱水澡 12.missthebus錯(cuò)過公交車13.pickup接電話 14.bring...together使……靠攏15.inthearea在這個(gè)地區(qū) 16.misstheevent錯(cuò)過這個(gè)事件17.bythesideoftheroad在路邊 18.theAnimalHelpline動(dòng)物保護(hù)熱線19.walkby走路經(jīng)過 20.makeone’swayto在某人……的路上21.hearthenews聽到這個(gè)消息 22.importanteventsinhistory歷史上的重大事件23.,forexample例如 24.bekilled被殺害

25.over50 50多歲） 26.aschoolpupil一個(gè)小學(xué)生27.ontheradio通過廣播 28. insilence沉;無聲29.morerecently最近地;新近 30.theWorldTradeCenter世貿(mào)中心31.takedown拆;摧毀 32.havemeaningto……有意義33.rememberdoingsth.記得做過某事 34.,atfirst首最初二.重要短語簡(jiǎn)析和句型arrive at到(小地) arrive in到達(dá)(大地)reach到達(dá) get to 到達(dá)IarrivedinBeijinglastnight.=== IreachedBeijinglastnight.== IgottoBeijinglastnight.如果賓語是副詞here,there,home,要把a(bǔ)t/in/to省略:arrive here/thereget here/there/homeinfrontof… ……()inthefrontof…在……的前面(某一范圍內(nèi)的前面)Therearesomebigtreesinfrontoftheclassroombuilding.在教室的前面有一些大樹。Ilikesittinginthefrontofthetaxi.我喜歡坐在出租車的前排位置。takeoff起飛Whendidtheplanetakeoffyesterday?飛機(jī)什么時(shí)候起飛？脫(衣帽等) Hetookoffhiscoatassoonashewentintotheroom.他一進(jìn)房間就脫掉了外套。取消Theywilltakeoffthe5amtrain.5點(diǎn)的火車。getout (of)… ……//下來Acarstoppedandagirlgotoutofit.但從汽車火車船飛機(jī)馬匹上下,用get off….follow(1)跟隨Ifollowedhimuptothehill. 我跟著他上了……前進(jìn)Followthisroaduntilyougettothepostoffice.順著這條路一直到郵局.,理解Couldyouspeakmoreslowly? Ican’tfollowyou.你能說慢點(diǎn)嗎？我聽不懂。(4)followsb.todosth.跟著某人做某事Pleasefollowmetoreadthestory.請(qǐng)跟我讀這個(gè)故事。amazing ,,令人驚訝的Whatanamazingbook!真是令人驚訝的書本。amaze動(dòng)詞使某人驚訝Yourletteramazedme.你嚇到我了。beamazedat…對(duì)……感到驚訝Everyonewasamazedatthebadnews.每個(gè)人對(duì)這個(gè)壞消息都感到驚訝。shoutat 大聲喊叫多指因生氣而非善意的大聲叫喊Don’tshoutatthelittleboy.Heistooyoung.不要對(duì)他大叫，他還太小。shoutto 大聲喊叫 多指因距離遠(yuǎn)而不得不大聲叫喊shouldshouttohim,orhecan’thearus.我們應(yīng)該朝他叫喊，否則他聽不到我們的聲音。happen發(fā)生具體事件偶然的沒有預(yù)見的發(fā)生(1)happentodosth. 碰巧做某事Ihappenedtomeetoneofmyoldfriendsintheparkyesterday.昨天我在公園碰巧遇見我的一個(gè)老朋友。(2)sthhappenstosb.某人發(fā)生了某事Ancaraccidenthappenedtohimlastmonth.上個(gè)月他發(fā)生了交通事故.takeplace發(fā)生(1)按計(jì)劃進(jìn)行或按計(jì)劃發(fā)生GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinChinainrecentyears.最近幾年中國(guó)發(fā)生了巨大的變.(2) (運(yùn)/活/會(huì)議)舉行ThemeetingwilltakeplacenextFriday. 運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)將于下星期五舉行。taketheplaceof代替,取代Plasticscansometimestaketheplaceofwoodandmetal.塑料有時(shí)能代替木材和金屬.takeone’splace ,.Cometotakemyplace.myseatisnearthewindow.來做我的位置，我的座位靠近窗戶。anywhere任何地方 常用于否定句或疑問句.Didyougoanywherelastnight?你昨天還去了別的地方了嗎？somewhere 某個(gè)地方 用于肯定句Comeandseeme. Thenwe’llgooutsomewhere.來我家找我，然后我們出去逛逛。everywhere 處,到處=== hereandthere

Ican’tfindmypenthoughIlookedforiteverywhere.盡管我到處都找過了，還是找不到我的鋼筆。silence名, 寂/無聲There’snothingbutsilenceintheroom.屋內(nèi)寂靜無聲.Keepinsilence. 保持沉. silent 形容, 沉默,寂靜的Theoldhousewasquitesilent. Thecatmovedonsilentfeet..hear 聽到 Canyouhearsomeoneknockingatthedoor?你聽到有人敲門了嗎？hearof ,后接表示人或物的詞Ihaveneverheardofhimbefore.(2)hearabout聽說,后接表示事件的名詞I’vejustheardabouthisillness.我剛剛聽說他生病的.Haveyouheardabouttheaccident?你聽說了那場(chǎng)事故(3) hearfrom 收到某人的來信IheardfrommydaughterinNewYorkyesterday.我昨天收到在紐約的女兒的來信.主語+be+oneofthe+形容詞最高級(jí)+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+ in\of短語.……是……中最……的……之一.ThiswasoneofthemostimportanteventsinmodernAmericanhistory.這是美國(guó)歷史上最重要的事件之一.XiamenisoneofthemostbeautifulcitiesinChina.廈門是中國(guó)最漂亮的城市之一。experience (1)名詞經(jīng), 不可數(shù)名詞; 經(jīng),體, 可數(shù)名詞Haveyouhadanyexperienceoffishing? ?CouldyoutellusaboutyourexperiencesinAfrica?你能給我們談?wù)勀阍诜侵薜慕?jīng)歷嗎?動(dòng)詞 經(jīng),感覺Thechildrenexperiencedmanydifficultiesthistime.這次孩子們經(jīng)歷了許多困難.experienced形容詞 有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的beexperiencedin\atdoing sth.== havemuchexperiencein\atdoingsth.做某事很有經(jīng)驗(yàn).Sheisanexperiencedteacher.他是一個(gè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的教師.Heisveryexperiencedin\at repairing cars..as…as… ……一樣…. 兩個(gè)as之間用形容詞或副詞的原.Heworksascarefullyasshe. 他和她一樣工作認(rèn)Sheisastallashermother. 她和母親一樣.not as… as…. …Heisn’tas/sooldashelooks.他不像看起來那么老.Shedoesn`trunas/sofastasherbrother.她不如她哥哥跑得那么快.havefun==haveagood/great/wonderful time==enjoy oneself玩得開心,過得愉快Didyouhavefunattheparty? 昨天在派對(duì)上玩的開心嗎？==Didyouhaveagood\great\wonderfultime?==Didyouenjoyyourself?havefundoingsth.開心做某事I’mjusthavingfunplayingtheguitar.我正開心的彈吉他呢。accident事故,意外遭遇Hewaskilledinanaccident.他死于一起意外事故.trafficaccident交通事故Manypeopledieintrafficaccidentseveryyear.每年有很多人死于交通事故。byaccident ,意外地Wemetattheairportbyaccident.我們偶然在機(jī)場(chǎng)遇見。scared 恐懼的, 害怕的afraid恐懼的, 害怕的I’m very scared\afraid.我很害.bescared\afraid of sth害怕某物Areyouscared\afraidofsnakes?你害怕蛇嗎？bescared\afraidtodosth害怕做某事Heisscared\afraidtogooutatnight.他害怕晚上出去。bescared\afraidofdoingsth害怕做某事Heisscared\afraidofgoingoutatnight.thinkabout ()TheyarethinkingaboutmovingtoBeijing.他們考慮搬去北京。thinkof 認(rèn)為 Whatdoyouthinkofthemovie?=== howdoyoulikethemovie?你認(rèn)為這部電影怎么樣?

thinkover 仔細(xì)思考Weneedafewdaystothinkoverthismatter.我們需要幾天時(shí)間來考慮這個(gè)事情。三、語法要點(diǎn)：感嘆句.what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句Whatabeautifulgirl(she is)! 多么美的姑娘呀!Whatacleverboy(he is)! 多么聰明的男孩呀!Whatinterestingpictures(theyare)! 多么美的圖片呀!Whattallbuildings(theyare)! !Whatdeliciousfood(it is) ! !Whatbadweather(itis)! !規(guī)律: what +(a/an)+形容詞+名詞(+主語+謂語)+!名詞為不可數(shù)名詞或復(fù)數(shù)名詞時(shí), 形容詞前面不能有a\an.how引導(dǎo)的感嘆句(7).Howheavytheboxis ! !Howfastheruns! 他跑得多快!(8).Howcarefulthegirlis! 多么細(xì)心的姑娘Howwellsheplaysthe piano! 她的鋼琴彈得多好!如果說明的是人或,兩種感嘆句可替.( 以(1)到(8)句:1（1）過去某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。Whatwereyoudoingat8:30thismorning?今天早上8點(diǎn)半你正在做什么？WhenIcalledhim,hewashavingdinner.當(dāng)我打電話給他時(shí)，他正在吃飯。過去某段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。Whatwereyoudoingfromseventonineyesterday?你昨天7點(diǎn)到9點(diǎn)在做什么？Iwasreadingthewholemorningyesterday.我昨天整個(gè)早上都在看書。連詞when/while的用法區(qū)別 21.walktotheotherside走到另一邊 22.afairytale一個(gè)神話故事when/while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的使用：when/while當(dāng)……的時(shí)候While引導(dǎo)的從句中,動(dòng)詞用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)或表示狀態(tài)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，主句用動(dòng)詞過去式when引導(dǎo)的從句中,動(dòng)詞用過去式，主句用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)MarywashavingdinnerwhenIsawher.Whilewewereswimming,someonestoleourclothes.TheweatherwasfinewhilewewereinBeijing.Whileweweretalking,theteachercameintotheclassroom.while 然而,可是HelikesreadingwhileIlikedancing.他喜歡看書而我喜歡跳舞.TomisveryconfidentwhileMaryisshyandquiet.Tom很自信可是Mary既靦腆又文靜.2．過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成：（1）肯定句：主語+was/were +動(dòng)詞ing形式+時(shí)間狀語。（2）否定句：主語+was/were+ not +動(dòng)詞ing形式+時(shí)間狀語。疑問句：was/were++動(dòng)詞ing+肯定回答：Yes,主語+was/were.否定回答：No,主語+was/were+ not.Unit6Anoldmantriedtomovethemountains一、重點(diǎn)短語1.workondoingsth.致力于做某 2.assoonas一……就…3.onceuponatime從前 4.continuetodosth.繼續(xù)做某事5.makesth.happen使某事發(fā)生 6.trytodosth.試圖做某事事7.thejourneytosp.之旅 8.tellthe/astory講故事9.puton穿上 10.alittlebit有點(diǎn)兒11.keepdoingsth.堅(jiān)持做某事 12.giveup放棄13.insteadof代;反而 14.o……變成……15.getmarried結(jié)婚 16.themaincharacter主要人物；主人公17.atothertimes在另外一些時(shí)候 18.beableto能會(huì)19.comeout(書、電影)出版 20.becomeinterestedin.對(duì)…感興趣

23.therestofthestory故事的其余部分 24.leavesb.todosth.讓做某事25.makeaplantodosth.籌劃/計(jì)劃做某事26.gotosleep去睡覺27.leadsb.tosp.把某人領(lǐng)到某地 28.getlost迷路29.changeone`splan改變計(jì)劃 30.tellsb.todosth.叫某人做某事31.inthemoonlight在月光下 32.thenextday第二天33.findone`swayhome找到某人回家的路34.sendsb.tosp.派某人去某地二、重點(diǎn)句型Whatdoyouthinkabout/of...?SowhatdoyouthinkaboutthestoryofYuGong?=HowdoyoulikethestoryofYuGong?你覺得愚公的故事如何？Itdoesn`tseemadj.todosth..Itdoesn’tseemverypossibletomoveamountain.把一座ft給移掉好像不太可能。Thisisbecause...Thisisbecausehecanmake72changestohisshapeandsize,turninghimselfintodifferentanimalsandobjects.這是因?yàn)樗麜?huì)根據(jù)他的形狀和大小，做出72種變化，可以將自己變成不同的動(dòng)物或東西?！璼o…that+從句Sometimeshecanmakethesticksosmallthathecankeepitinhisear.takesb.sometimetodosth..Becausetheyweresobigthatittookalongtimetowalktotheotherside.6.…not until十從句：Don`teatituntilyougettotheforest.你們到達(dá)森林之后才能吃。三、考點(diǎn)詳解shootv.射，射擊，過去式shotHouYishootsthesun后羿射日shootatsth.瞄/朝 射擊weakadj.虛弱的，無力的，Istillfeelabitweekaftermyillness.病后我仍覺得有點(diǎn)虛弱。theweek意為“弱者”在英語中，有些形容詞前加定冠詞表一類人或事物。其意義為復(fù)數(shù)。做主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。theold/theyoung/therich/thepoor/thedeaf/theblind/thedisabledassoonas…“一就…，剛就…”，Iwilltellhimthenewsassoonashecomesback. 他一回來我就把消息告訴他。HetookouthisEnglishbookassoonashesatdown.他一坐下就把英語書拿出來了。AgodwassomovedbyYuGongthathesendtwogodstotakethemountainsawaymovev.打動(dòng)；使感動(dòng)bemoved(bysth./sb（事）感動(dòng)Iwasmovesbyyourkindness.我被你的善良大動(dòng)了。take(…)away（把……）帶走，拿走SomeonetookmyiPhoneawaywhileIwaswaitinginthestation.當(dāng)我在車站等車的時(shí)候，有人拿走了我的iphone.takeout帶出去，拿出去/taketurns(todo…)輪流做某事remind”，及物動(dòng)詞remindsb.ofsth.讓我們想起某事：Theoldphotoremindsmeofmychildhood.這張老照片讓我想起了我的童年。remindsb.todosth.提醒某人做某事：Myparentsoftenremindmetostudyhard.我的父母總是提醒我要努力學(xué)習(xí)。Ithinkit’salittlebitsilly.我認(rèn)為那有點(diǎn)兒傻。alittlebit意為有點(diǎn)兒”，后加形容詞，相當(dāng)于alittle，abit：Thisisalittlebitdifficultforme.這對(duì)我來說有點(diǎn)難。bitn.abit+bitsilly；abitofbitoftime一點(diǎn)時(shí)間7..o...使變成 ”PleaseturnthisintoEnglish.請(qǐng)把這個(gè)譯成英語。Joanisturningintoaskilledmusician.瓊正在變成一個(gè)技藝精湛的音樂家。atothertimes”Atothertimeshedoesn`thavetogetupatall.平時(shí)他根本不必起來。Sometimeswewenttothebeachandatothertimeswewenttoclimbthemountains.我們有時(shí)候去海灘，有時(shí)去爬ft。

comeoutThatmagazinecomesouteveryMonday.那本雜志每周一出版。Thestarscomeoutassoonasitwasdark.天一黑星星就出來了。Thetruthhascomeoutatlast.最后真相大白了。becomeinterestedin對(duì)…...beinterestedin后接名詞，代詞，動(dòng)名詞Ibecameinterestedinpiano.我對(duì)鋼琴感興趣。11..【adj.…whole后通常跟可數(shù)名詞，前加the/this/my物主代詞修飾Theoldmantoldusthewholestory. 老人給我們講了整個(gè)故事?！颈嫖觥縜ll也指”所有的”，修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞，放在the/this/my等詞前。12.madeof…，由制成，如madeofsugar madeofwoodbemadeof…由?制成，看得出原材料；bemadefrom…由?制成，看不出原材料23.voicen.聲音Couldyoupleaseraiseyourvoice?你能大點(diǎn)聲嗎？四．語法要點(diǎn)：狀語從句unless,assoonas,sothat的用法。Unit7What’sthehighestmountainintheworld?一、重點(diǎn)短語1.thepopulationofChina中國(guó)的人口 2.oneoftheoldestcountries最古老的國(guó)家之一3.feelfreetodosth.隨意地做某事 4.liveupto活到……mountainclimbing/climbingmountains登ft運(yùn)動(dòng)asfarasIknow據(jù)我所知 7.ofall…在所有….asyoucansee,..正如你所看見,…h(huán)igherthananyothermountain比其他任何一座ft高runalong綿延，橫…… 10.another200orso還有大約200左11,oneoftheworld`smostdangeroussports最危險(xiǎn)的運(yùn)動(dòng)之一12,oneofthemostpopularplaces最受歡迎的地方之一13,risktheirlives冒著他們的生命危險(xiǎn)challengeoneself挑戰(zhàn)自我challengeourselvesinthefaceofdifficulties面臨困難 16,takeinair呼吸空氣thefirstpeopletodosth第一個(gè)做某事的人achieveone`sdream=makeone`sdreamcometruetheforcesofnature自然界的力量 20.reachthetop到達(dá)頂峰21.eventhough雖;盡管 22.atbirth在出生的時(shí)候23.beawake醒著 24..runoverwithexcitement興奮地跑過去25.walkintosb.撞到某人 26.diefrom……死于……fallover被…絆倒falloverthechair被椅子絆倒、takecareof照;照料 29..everytwoyears每?jī)赡?0.cutdowntheforests砍伐林木 31.fewerandfewerpandas大熊貓?jiān)絹碓缴?2.endangeredanimals瀕危動(dòng)物 33.beindanger處于危險(xiǎn)之中34.theimportanceofsavingtheseanimals拯救這些動(dòng)物的重要性35,wildanimals野生動(dòng)物sealife海洋生物 36..waterpollution水污染37.onlyliveforashorttimebecauseofillnesses由于疾病僅活很短的時(shí)間38.,makemorehomesforthepandas為大熊貓建造更多的家園stopputtingrubbishintothesea停止往大海里丟垃圾protectfrom…保護(hù)……的傷害protectchildrenfromcatchingacold.保護(hù)孩子免于感冒intheremainingforests在剩下的森林里二、重點(diǎn)句型Itis+adj.+(forsb.)todosth.Itisalsoveryhardtotakeinairasyougetnearthetop.當(dāng)你接近ft,....isbecauseOneofthemainreasonsisbecausepeoplewanttochallengethemselvesinthefaceofdifficulties.其中的一個(gè)主要的原因是人們想要在面臨困難時(shí)挑戰(zhàn)自己。3....show(s)that...Thespiritoftheseclimbersshowsusthatweshouldnevergiveuptryingtoachieveour這些登ft者的精神向我們證明：我們永遠(yuǎn)都不應(yīng)該放棄實(shí)