2017年廣州版八年級上冊英語Unit5Educational-exchange課內(nèi)重點分析及語法詳解

2017年廣州版八年級上冊英語Unit5Educational-exchange課內(nèi)重點分析及語法詳解2017年廣州版八年級上冊英語Unit5Educational-exchange課內(nèi)重點分析及語法詳解2017年廣州版八年級上冊英語Unit5Educational-exchange課內(nèi)重點分析及語法詳解資料僅供參考文件編號：2022年4月2017年廣州版八年級上冊英語Unit5Educational-exchange課內(nèi)重點分析及語法詳解版本號：A修改號：1頁次：1.0審核：批準(zhǔn):發(fā)布日期：Unit5◆知識探究SteponeReading&Listening講解1.Iwasverynervousatfirst.saysSarah.薩拉說我起初很緊張。atfirst“起初；起先”，它主要用于強調(diào)前后對照，暗示接下來的動作與前面的動作不同，甚至相反。反義短語：atlast最終。如：Atfirsthedidn’tagree,butatlasthehadto.起初他不同意，但最終只好同意了。()______,theInternetwasonlyusedbythegovernment.Butnowit’swidelyusedineveryfield.A.AsusuallyB.AtfirstC.AfterallD.Sofar2.However,myhostfamilyarefriendly.但是，我的寄宿家庭非常友好。friendly比較級friendlier/morefriendly，最高級friendliest/mostfriendly.常構(gòu)成短語befriendlytosb.對某人友好；befriendlywithsb.與某人友好相處。①他們班里的每個人對我都很友好。Everyoneintheirclass___________________me.②我們很快就與鄰居們友好相處了。Wesoonbecame_______________theneighbors.I’velearnttousechopsticks,andthey’reteachingmealittleChinese!我學(xué)會使用筷子了，并且他們正在教我一些漢語。alittle意思是“一點點，稍許”用來修飾不可數(shù)名詞，表示數(shù)量，也可以修飾形容詞和副詞的原級或比較級，表示程度。①杯子里有點水。Thereis_____________waterintheglass.②長途跋涉以后，我有點累了。Afteralongwalk，Ifelt_____________tired.辨析：alittle,little,afew,fewalittle修飾不可數(shù)名詞表示肯定，意為“不多的”little表示否定，意為“幾乎沒有”afew修飾復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞表肯定，意為“幾個，一些”few表否定，“不多的，少數(shù)的”隨堂練習(xí)：用alittle,little,afew,few填空。①一點牛奶就夠了。_____________milkisenough.②快點！沒剩多少時間了。Hurryup!Thereis__________timeleft.③媽媽給我買了些蘋果。Mymotherboughtme_____________apples.④他初來乍到，因此沒有幾個朋友。Heisnewhere,sohehas___________friends.4.It’sbeenafantasticexperiencesofar,saysEric.到目前為止，它是一次很棒的經(jīng)歷。埃里克說。experience此處作可數(shù)名詞，意識是“經(jīng)歷”，而這個單詞在作“經(jīng)驗”的意思時，為不可數(shù)名詞。sofar,意思是“到目前為止”，多用于現(xiàn)在完成時。①做一名志愿者對我來說是一次有趣的經(jīng)歷。Itwas___________________formetobeavolunteer.②這個老師有很多處理青少年問題的經(jīng)驗。Theteacherhasalot_____________dealingwiththeteens’problems.③我已經(jīng)見過很多動物了,到目前為止.Ihaveseenlotsofanimals.④我已經(jīng)看了三本書到目前為止.Ithreebooks.5.I’velearntabitoftaichi,andIreallyenjoyit.我學(xué)了一點太極拳，并且我十分喜歡它。abitof一點，小量用于修飾不可數(shù)名詞。例如：abitofwaterabitofmilkabitofmoney辨析：abitof,abit,alittleabitof一點修飾不可數(shù)名詞abit稍微，有點修飾形容詞、副詞的原級、比較級alittle不多的既可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞，也可以修飾形容詞、副詞的原級、比較級①瓶子里有點水。Thereis_______________waterinthebottle.②請打開窗，天氣有點熱。Pleaseopenthewindow,it’s________________hot.6.TheteachershaveintroducedustoChinesepaintingaswell.老師也使我們初次了解中國畫。introducesb.tosth.使某人初次了解…；使嘗試。如：Jackintroducesmetothenewtypeofmobilephone.杰克讓我了解了這款新型手機。I’dliketointroduceyoutotheFrenchfoodinthatrestaurant.我想讓你們嘗嘗那家餐館的法國菜。introducesb.tosb.介紹某人給某人認(rèn)識。如：LetmeintroducemycousinSarahtoyou.我來介紹我的表妹薩拉給你認(rèn)識。IwasintroducestoMr.Smith.我被引見給史密斯先生。7.We’vealsotriedtopaintsomepicturesourselves!我們自己也試著畫了一些中國畫。trytodosth.盡力做某事，其否定形式為trynottodosth.盡力不要做某事辨析：trytodosth.與trydoingsth.trytodosth.盡力去做某事，不包含是否成功之意。trydoingsth.（用某一辦法）試著去做某事。①我盡力把英語學(xué)好。I________________Englishwell.②他試著把這個難題算出來。He_______________outthemathproblem.Ihaven’thadmuchsuccessyet.butI’llkeeptrying.success名詞，“成功，勝利“【拓展】successful形容詞，成功的successfully副詞，成功地succeed動詞，成功succeedindoingsth.成功地做某事Don’tgiveup.Youknowhardworkleadsto_______________（成功）.yet副詞，“還，已經(jīng)”，多用于現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)的一般疑問句和否定句末尾，并可與not連用構(gòu)成省略回答。Ihaven’theardfromheryet.我還沒有收到她的信。--Haveyoufinishedyourhomework你完成你的家庭作業(yè)了嗎

--Notyet.還沒有。keepdoingsth.繼續(xù)做某事相當(dāng)于keepondoingsth.【拓展】keepsb.doingsth.使某人一直做某事It’tnotpolitetokeepguestswaitingforyou.IplantokeepintouchwiththemwhenIreturnhome.plan此處用作動詞，意為“計劃”plantodosth.計劃做某事plan還可作可數(shù)名詞，意為“計劃”makeaplan/plans制訂計劃We’llseeonanothersoonbecausethey’llcomeovertotheUKforthesecondpartoftheexchangenextmonth.oneanother相互，相當(dāng)于eachother【拓展】（1）another作代詞，“（三者或以上）另一（事物或人）”，表泛指。Ihaveeatensomeapples.Couldyoupleasegivemeanother?another作形容詞，“又一的，再一的”，指三者或以上的人或物中除去已知部分，剩余部分中的某一個，不表特指，anotherone與onemore同義Idon’tlikethissweater,pleaseshowmeanotherone/onemore.作形容詞時，another既可修飾人也可修飾物，其后接單數(shù)名詞或代詞。another還可與基數(shù)詞和復(fù)數(shù)名詞連用，其結(jié)構(gòu)another+數(shù)詞(大于1)+復(fù)數(shù)名詞=數(shù)詞（大于1）+more+復(fù)數(shù)名詞I’dlikeanothertwohamburgers.=I’dliketwomorehamburgers.Ican’twait.can’twait迫不及待，其后接動詞不定式can’twaittodosth.迫不及待地做某事Can’thelpdoingsth.情不自禁地做某事，忍不住做某事Ican’thelpcryingwhenIhearthatmymotherisill.Apersonwhoisinvitedtostayatanotherperson’shomeisaguest.invitesb.todosth.邀請某人做某事invitesb.to+地點名詞/活動邀請某人去某地/參加活動TheyinvitedJacktojointheirclub.Iinvitedmyteachertomyhomeyesterday.Sheinvitedmetoherbirthdayparty.【拓展】invitation可數(shù)名詞，“邀請，請?zhí)?3.TomorrowI’mgoingtotakepartinanexchangeprogrammeinLondon.明天我將參加一個在倫敦的交流計劃。takepartin參加，多指參加一些集會性活動，如會議、勞動等。辨析：takepartin,join,joinintakepartin多指參加群眾性活動，具有暫時性特點。join指加入某黨派、組織、軍隊或社會團體，并成為其中一員，其后也可以接人，意為“和某人一起做某事”joinin指參加小規(guī)模的活動，如球賽，游戲，多用于日?？谡Z。Joinindoingsth參加做某事。用takepartin,join,joinin填空。①你愿意參加我們的晚會嗎？Wouldyouliketo______________________________ourparty?②請加入我們吧。Please___________________________us.③我可以參加這個游戲嗎？MayI_______________________playingthegame?Ittastedfantastic.taste此處用作連系動詞，“嘗起來，有味道”，其后接形容詞作表語，構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)Thewinetastessweet.【拓展】taste可用作可數(shù)名詞，“味道，滋味”Idon’tlikethetasteoforange.我不喜歡橘子的味道。Hisparentsareproudofhissuccess.beproudof以而驕傲，相當(dāng)于takeprideinIamproudofourcountry.16.ListentotheconversationbetweenMr.Liuandthestudents.聽劉老師和學(xué)生之間的對話。between……and……在……和……之間辨析：between,amongbetween用于指兩者之間among用于指三者或三者以上之間①銀行和學(xué)校之間有家醫(yī)院。Thereisahospital_________thebank______theschool.②這兩本書之間有什么區(qū)別？Whatisthedifference_________thetwobooks?③高老師正坐在孩子們之間。MissGaoissitting__________thechildren.④這位歌手在年輕人中很受歡迎。Thesingerispopular______theyoungpeople.17.Arriveattheairportontime,please.請按時到機場。ontime按時，準(zhǔn)時辨析：ontime,intimeontime按時，準(zhǔn)時intime及時，常含有匆忙之意?；疖嚂磿r到達(dá)嗎？Willthetrainarrive____________警察及時趕到了那里。Thepolicegotthere________________.【隨堂練】一、根據(jù)句意及首字母提示完成句子1.IrememberMrGreengaveusane__________class.Iwillneverforgetit.2.Doesyourfamilye__________giftsatChristmas?3.Differentcountrieshavedifferentcustomsandc__________.4.WangNingandLiXiupingareh__________ofCCTV.5.Hestartedplayingforthel__________clubwhenhewas10yearsold.6.Morethan33millionpassengerstravelonB__________Airwaysplaneseveryyear.7.Shesaidshewasg__________tohavethechancetocomehereandsheenjoyedherself.8.Theg__________fromChinawerehighlypraised.9.Chineseusec__________tohavemeals.(飯)10.Heismakingat__________oftheworld.二.完成句子1.許多人學(xué)英語，以便他們能再商業(yè)領(lǐng)域獲得更多的成功。ManypeoplelearnEnglishsothattheycan______________________________business.2.當(dāng)?shù)卣畱?yīng)該幫助這個可憐的孩子上學(xué)。________________________shouldhelpthepoorkidgotoschool.3.昨天我向全班同學(xué)作了自我介紹I__________myself________theclassyesterday.4.我將很樂意幫助你。I’d_______________________helpyou.5.我們請三位客人來家里吃飯。Wehave_________________todinner.三、單項選擇()1.weekdays,whattimedoyougetup?

A.OnB.ForC.ByD.In()2.Canyoumeyourfriend?

A.introduce;toB.introduce;forC.show;toD.show;for()3.Thebabywastiredaftercryingforawhile.A.abitofB.alittleC.alotofD.afew()4.I’mgladyou.A.toseeB.seeC.sawD.seeing()5.Alicewritingfiveperfectreportssofar.A.completesB.completedC.wascompletingD.hascompleted()6.Thereisonlywaterinthebottle.A.bitB.abitofC.fewD.afewof()7.MrBrownwillintroduceuswesternartnextweek.A.toB.fromC.onD.in()8.Hewasangry,butafterhereadtheletter,helaughed.A.firstB.thefirstC.atfirstD.atthefirst.()9.TheyaroundShanghainextweek.A.tourB.willtourC.touredD.hastouredStepTwoSpeaking＆WritingYoushouldbepoliteandrespectlocalculture.polite形容詞，意為“有禮貌的”，其反義詞為impolite或rude,副詞形式為politely。常用短語：bepolitetosb,意為“對某人有禮貌”。Weshouldbepolitetotheoldpeople.中考鏈接：Tomthinkspeoplewillhelphimifheasksforhelp______(polite).Arriveattheairportontime,please.Ontime意為“按時，準(zhǔn)時”。Willthetrainarriveontime?Intime意為“及時”，常含有“匆忙”之意。Don’tworryabouttheexchangevisit.Worryabout為固定短語，意為“擔(dān)心”，與beworriedabout同義。Youhavenothingtoworryabout.中考鏈接：Thetourguidehasmadetheroutefortheschooltrip.Wedon’tneedto________that.beworriedaboutB.beafraidofC.besorryfor4.寫作假如你是來自英國的交換生Sarah，你在北京已經(jīng)待了一個星期?，F(xiàn)在你想用報告的形式向你的英語同學(xué)介紹你的交流生活。請根據(jù)以下提示詞語完成報告，報告開頭已經(jīng)出，不計入總詞數(shù)。要求（1）簡要說明你的交流生活和感受（2）語言準(zhǔn)確，表達(dá)清楚，詞數(shù)不少于70.提示詞：gowell,enjoy,fantastic,spend,visit,Chineseculture,delicious,friendly,makefriendswith,keepintouchwith,hopeAreportonmyexchangevisittoBeijingMyexchangevisittoBeijing

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________范文：MyexchangevisittoBeijinghasgonewell,Ihavebeeninthecityforaweek,Ienjoyeverythinghere.It’sreallyfantastic.IspendtheweekdaysstudyingwithChinesestudents.Attheweekend.Itouraroundthecitywithmyclassmates.Ihavevisitedmanyplacesofinterest.IhavelearnedalotaboutChineseculture.Ihavetriedmanylocalfood.It'sdelicious!ThepeopleinBeijingarefriendly.Ihavemademanynewfriends.WhenIreturnhome,Iwillkeepintouchwiththem.IhopemyChinesefriendscancomeovertomycountry.【隨堂練】一、選擇合適的單詞或短語完成下列各句1.Iyoutoprovidemewithtoys.(hope,wish)2.ShandongProvinceisintheofChina.(east,eastern)3.WecangetmuchontheInternet.(information,messages)4.We’llfromhomeforaweek.(leave,beaway)5.Watchingtelevisioncanbevery(education,educational).二、根據(jù)句意及括號內(nèi)的提示完成句子1.AliceinWonderfulisa(極好的)movie.2.Ihaveno(經(jīng)驗)insellingproducts.3.Couldyou(介紹)yourselftotheclass?

4.ManypeoplelearnEnglishsothattheycanhavemore(成功)inbusiness.5.Howmany(文化)doesChinahave？

6.The(主人)ofthehouseisanoldwoman.7.The(游客)arehavingagoodtimeinChina.8.Couldyoutellusaboutyour(經(jīng)歷)inAfrica.三.句型轉(zhuǎn)換1.Mineisdifferentfromyours.(改為同義句)Mineisn’tthe________________yours.2.Tohaveguestswillbeexciting.(改為同義句)________________________excitingtohaveguests.3.I’vealreadyboughtsomeapples.(改為一般疑問句)________youboughtanyapples________4.TheBlackshavelivedinChinasincethreeyearsago.(對劃線部分提問)__________________havetheBlackslivedinChina?5.Itwashisbigsuccess.(改為同義句)Hewasvery_____________.四、完形填空ItwasthelastdayofschoolandIplannedtotraveltomyfriend’shometown.Ihadn’tseenhimforyearsandthiswasagood1tomeethimagain.Iwasbusyatschoolsoitwasrather2whenIcamebackhome.Itwasalready10o’clockatnight.Timewasrunningout.AfterahurriedmealIleft.3Ifoundataxiverysoon.Askingthedrivertodrivemefasttothestation,Irelaxedforawhile,imaginingwhatmyfriendlookedlikenow.IwassoonatthestationandwassurethatIwouldbeableto4thetrain.Unfortunately,Ifellonthewayandlostsometime.Tomycomplete5,whenIreachedtheplatform,Isawthatthetrainhadjustleft!ItwasthelasttrainsoIhadto6home.MymotherwasgladtoseemebackasshehadafeelingandwenttobedbutIhada7sleep.ThenextmorningIwasverytired.AsIwashavingbreakfastthe8arrived.Ireadoverthepagesandwasshockedto9thatthetrainImissedhadhadanaccident.How10IwasthatImissedthetrain!（）1.A.signB.chanceC.senseD.dream（）2.A.strangeB.coldC.lateD.quiet（）3.A.FinallyB.SuddenlyC.StrangelyD.Luckily（）4.A.stopB.seeC.catchD.miss（）5.A.satisfactionB.hopeC.surpriseD.joy（）6.A.callB.leaveC.reachD.miss（）7.A.deepB.badC.greatD.heavy（）8.A.newspaperB.ticketC.mildD.train（）9.A.findB.hearC.feelD.remember（）10.A.hopefulB.thankfulC.carefulD.painfulStepthree-MorePractice講解1Youcanexperienceadifferentcultureandlearnanewlanguage.你可以體驗不同的文化，學(xué)習(xí)一門新的語言．Experience在此作動詞，意思是“體驗；感受”。如：Childrenneedtoexperiencethingsforthemselvestolearnfromthem.兒童需要自己體驗事物以從中學(xué)習(xí)。experience也可作名詞，表示（一次）經(jīng)歷；體驗”。如：ItwasafantasticexperienceformetostayinGuangzhouforthreemonths.在廣州逗留三個月對我是一種很美好的體驗。2Youcanapplyforoureducationalexchangeifyouareagedbetween14and17.如果你的年齡在14至17歲之間，你就可以申請參加我們這個教育交流活動了。applyfor申請。如：Heappliedforthejobtobeamanagerinthecompany.他申請擔(dān)任該公司經(jīng)理職位。Application可數(shù)名詞，意為“申請表”Pleasefillintheapplicationcarefully.3haveareferencefromyourheadteacher右一封班主任的推薦信reference推薦信；介紹信。haveareferencefromsb來自某人的推薦信。Theymayalsomisstheirfamiliesandfriends.Miss此處用作動詞，意為“懷念，思念”。Imissmygrandparentsinthecountryside.Missing形容詞，意為“不在的，丟失的”Todealwithcultureshock,youcan...Dealwith意為“處理，對付”Idon’tknowhowtodealwiththismatter.拓展：dealwith常與how搭配，dowith則多與what進行搭配。Howwillyoudealwiththecamera=Whatwillyoudowiththecamera

【隨堂練】一單項選擇。()1-Haveyoueverjoinedaneducationalexchange?-No,IA．doB.don'tC.haveD.haven't()2Weforthesamejuniorhighschoollastyear.A.applyingB.applyC.Applied()3Ifyoutakepartinoureducationalexchange,youtoanothercountryA.travelB.willtravelC.travelledDtravelling()4TheyeightEnglishsongssofar.A.learnB.learnedC.haslearnedD.havelearned()5Shehasn'tfoundherdog——,butshe'sstilltrying.A.alreadyB.yetC.everD.never二單詞拼寫。1Ifyoulovetotravelandmeetnewpeople,youcanj_____theeducationalexchange.21wenttoAfricalastsummerandtalkedwithsomel_____peopleabouttheirwayoflife.3Youngpeopleshouldr_____theoldandhelpthem.4WhenlwasontheeducationalexchangeinGermanylastyear,lhadagoodtimelivingwithmyh_____family.5Ikeepint_____withmyfriendsbyemail.三完成句子。1現(xiàn)在就參加我們的教育交流活動！_______________oureducationalexchangerightnow.2李華想申請加入乒乓球俱樂部。LiHuawantsto_________theTableTennisClub.3我只能給你提供關(guān)于這件事的一點點信息。Icanonlygiveyou_______________informationaboutit.4她到現(xiàn)在還對此事一無所知。She__________anythingaboutitsofar.5起初，他對寫作不感興趣。Hewasnotinterestedinwriting_________.第十講單元語法——時態(tài)--現(xiàn)在完成時一．基本結(jié)構(gòu)：助動詞have/has+過去分詞(done)二．句型：否定句：主語+have/has+not+過去分詞+其他.一般疑問句：Have/Has+主語+過去分詞+其他.簡略答語:Yes,主語+have/has.(肯定)

No,主語+haven't/hasn't.(否定)三．用法（1）現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果Ihavespentallofmymoney(sofar).(含義是:現(xiàn)在我沒有錢花了.)Guozijunhas(just/already)come.(含義：郭子君現(xiàn)在在這兒)Myfatherhasgonetowork.(含義是:我爸爸現(xiàn)在不在這兒)（2）現(xiàn)在完成時可以用來表示發(fā)生在過去某一時刻的,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作（用行為動詞表示）或狀態(tài)（be動詞表示）常與for（+時間段）,since（+時間點或過去時的句子）連用.①for+時段②since+過去一個時間點（譯為：自從……以來）③since+時段+ago④since+從句（過去時）⑤Itis+時段+since+從句（過去時）Maryhasbeenillforthreedays.Ihavelivedheresince1998.四、hasgone(to),hasbeen(to),hasbeen(in)的區(qū)別Have/Hasgone(to):去了(現(xiàn)在不在說話現(xiàn)場)Whereisyourfather？HehasgonetoShanghai.

Have/Hasbeen(to):去過（已不在去過的地方）MyfatherhasbeentoShanghai.Have/hasbeenin：呆了多久（還在所呆的地方）MyfatherhasbeeninShanghaifortwomonths./sincetwomonthsago.五．現(xiàn)在完成時的標(biāo)志

1.現(xiàn)在完成時的含義之一是過去完成的動作對現(xiàn)在仍有影響,用以下四大標(biāo)志詞可以表達(dá)這種含義:*以already,just和yet為標(biāo)志

Hehasalreadygotherhelp.他已得到她的幫助。

Hehasjustseenthefilm.他剛剛看過這場電影。

Hehasn'tcomebackyet.他還沒有回來。*以ever和never為標(biāo)志

ThisisthebestfilmIhaveeverseen.這是我曾經(jīng)看過的最好的一部電影。

HehasneverbeentoBeijing.他從沒有到過北京。*以動作發(fā)生的次數(shù)為標(biāo)志

HesayshehasbeentotheUSAthreetimes.他說他已經(jīng)去過美國三次了。*以sofar（到目前為止）為標(biāo)+before

HehasgottoBeijingsofar.到目前為止他已到了北京。Shehaspassedtheexamsofar.到目前為止她已經(jīng)通過了考試。2.過去已經(jīng)開始的動作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,甚至有可能繼續(xù)延續(xù)下去,我們可以從動作“延續(xù)”的特性和“時間”點段的區(qū)分入手,進一步學(xué)習(xí)現(xiàn)在完成時。注意：過去已經(jīng)開始的動作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,甚至有可能繼續(xù)延續(xù)下去,我們可以從動作“延續(xù)”的特性和“時間”點段的區(qū)分入手,進一步學(xué)習(xí)現(xiàn)在完成時。

英語中的動詞從詞義上可以分為延續(xù)性和非延續(xù)性兩種,在現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)中一定要注意動詞這一特性,應(yīng)將這類非延續(xù)性動詞轉(zhuǎn)換為延續(xù)性動詞。英語中有些動詞表示的是一種短暫的動作，沒有持續(xù)性，即“一發(fā)生就結(jié)束”的動作，這類動詞一般稱為“非延續(xù)性動詞”(亦叫點動詞或瞬間動詞或終止性動詞)，在現(xiàn)在完成時中，不能同表示一段時間的狀語或Howlong連用。常見的這類動詞有：go,come,leave,arrive,lose,join,borrow,die,begin.這些動詞如果要跟一段時間連用，必須改成相應(yīng)的具有延續(xù)性的詞。主要一些動詞變化形式如下：非延續(xù)性動詞延續(xù)性動詞現(xiàn)在完成時形式buyhaveHehashadthismotorcyclefortwoyears.borrowkeepShehaskeptthisbookforthreeweeks.leavebeawayTheyhavebeenawayfromhomefortwodays.arrive/reach/get/movebein/atKittyhasbeeninHongKongforae/gobein/atMymumhasbeeninBeijingfortwomonths.begin/startbeonThefilmhasbeenonforanhour.stop/finish/endbeoverThemeetinghasbeenoverfortwohours.diebedeadThelambhasbeendeadforsometime.joinbein/beamemberofSimonhasbeenamemberoftheFootballClubsincelastyear.becomebeHowlonghasyoursisterbeenateacheropenbeopenTheshophasbeenopenfortenhours.closebeclosedThemarkethasbeenclosedsince2010.getmarriedbemarriedTheyhavebeenmarriedforfifteenyears.getupbeupTheyhavebeenupfortwoebackbebackThelostcathasbeenbacksincelastnight.fallasleepbeasleepThedoghasbeenasleepforseveralhours.gooutbeoutTheoldmanhasbeenoutsincelastFriday.catchacoldhaveacoldHowlonghaveyouhadacold?時間“點”、“段”須分清過去開始的動作可以延續(xù)到某一點結(jié)束,也可能繼續(xù)延續(xù),這時就要根據(jù)時間“點”、“段”選擇相應(yīng)的介詞for或since?，F(xiàn)在完成時常見的時間狀語有：for+一段時間；since+過去的某個時間；sofar,yet,recently,over/inthelast/past+一段時間；（once,twice,）three…times,never,ever,uptonow,thesedays使用注意事項：a)

非延續(xù)性動詞可用于現(xiàn)在完成時，但不能與表示一段時間的時間狀語連用；

Thetrainhasarrived.火車到了。

Thetrainhasbeenherefortwohours.火車到這里已經(jīng)兩個小時了。

Theboyhasleft.那個男孩走了。

Theboyhasbeenawayfortwodays.那個男孩離開已經(jīng)兩天了。b)

表示一段時間的時間狀語一般為：

①Howlong…

②for+一段時間；

③since+一點時間。c)

非延續(xù)性動詞的否定形式可以與一段時間連用。

Hehasn’tlefthomeforamonth.

Ihaven’tseenyouforalongtime.注意：1)現(xiàn)在完成時不能單獨與過去的時間狀語連用,如yesterday,lastweek,threeyearsago等;2)不能與when連用3.現(xiàn)在完成時往往同表示不確定的過去時間狀語連用【隨堂練】一、【中考鏈接】1．Hello，thisisLilyspeaking．CouldIspeaktoMr.BlackSorry．He______theXuanwuLakePark．A.hasbeentoB.wenttoC.hasgonetoD.willgoto2.WouldyouliketoseethefilmwithmeI'msorryI__________ittwice.A.seeB.willseeC.haveseenD.amseeing3.Inthepastfewyearsthere__________greatchangesinmyhometown.A.havebeenB.wereC.hadbeenD.are4.Kitty,willyougotoseethefilm-ColdMountainthiseveningNo,Iwon't.I___________italready.A.sawB.haveseenC.seeD.willsee二、選用have或has填空1.Ivisitedthemuseum.2.youeverbeentoBeijing?3.Mymothermadealotofapplejuice.4.hewatchedthefilm?

5.MrsBrownboughtsomebreadandmilk.三、單項選擇()1.MissSmithisn’tintheoffice.Shetotheclassroom.A.hasgoneB.wentC.willgoD.goes()2.Thestudentshavecleanedtheclassroom,A.dotheyB.don’ttheyC.havetheyD.haven’tthey()3.Weeachothersince2002.A.knowB.hadknownC.haveknownD.knew()4.HarryPotterisaverynicefilm.Iittwice.A.willseeB.haveseenC.seenD.see()5.—Hasheusedone?No,hehasn’t.Hehasusedamobilephone.A.ever;everB.never;neverC.ever;neverD.never;ever四、按要求寫句子1.Thewomanhasfoundherbag.(1)(改為否定句)(2)(改為一般疑問句并作肯定回答)2.Theyhavecompletedt