英語競(jìng)賽輔導(dǎo)課件-名詞和主謂一致

3.名詞：數(shù)和格一致是指句子成分之間或詞語之間在性、數(shù)等方面保持一致。主謂一致指謂語動(dòng)詞與主語必須在人稱、性、數(shù)上保持一致。1.學(xué)科名稱和疾病名稱做主語時(shí)，主語與謂語動(dòng)詞的一致。一些學(xué)科名稱和疾病名稱雖然是復(fù)數(shù)形式，但其作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù)形式。如：electronics,mechanics,classics,linguistics,economics,statistics,physics,mathematics.e.g.Quantummechanics_________(supply)methodsforcalculatingtheresultsofexperimentsinallthoserealms.supplies名詞：數(shù)和格2.集體名詞做主語時(shí)，主語與謂語動(dòng)詞的一致如集體名詞在句中意指整體概念，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；如在句中意指其具體成員，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。這些集體名詞包括：army,audience,committee,crowd,family,group,staff,team,public,cabinet,band等。e.g.1)Thepopulationoftheearthisincreasingveryfast.2)Onethirdofthepopulationherearefarmers.名詞：數(shù)和格3.表示書名、報(bào)名、劇名、國名等的名詞或詞組做主語時(shí)，不論它在形式上時(shí)單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞為單數(shù)形式。e.g.1)TheadventuresofHuckleberryFinn

waswrittenbythefamousAmericanhumoristMarkTwain.2)TheNewYorkTimes

isnotavailablehere.名詞：數(shù)和格4.單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞做主語時(shí)，要根據(jù)句子意思來確定謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式，這些名詞有：aircraft,deer,fish,sheep,means,species,series,works,crossroads,headquarters等。e.g.1)Variousmeansoftransportareintroducedinthisarticle.2)Therearealready137speciesofbutterfliesknownintheworldtoday.名詞：數(shù)和格5.做主語的單數(shù)名詞后有，with,alongwith,togetherwith,besides,aswellas,inadditionto,paniedby,ratherthan,but等，謂語動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù)形式。e.g.1)Theteacher,aswellasthestudentslikesthisnovel.2)Ascientist,togetherwithhisassistants,wassenttohelpsolvetheproblem.名詞：數(shù)和格6.表示時(shí)間、距離、度量、價(jià)值的復(fù)數(shù)名詞做主語時(shí)，如被視作一整體時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。e.g.1)TenminutesisallthatIcanspareforyou.2)Sixthousanddollarsisalargesumofmoneytoher.名詞：數(shù)和格7.一般情況下，and連接的兩個(gè)名詞做主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。但是，當(dāng)and連接的兩個(gè)名詞意指同一概念時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞要單數(shù)。e.g.1)Theteacherandthedoctorweregoodatlisteningtoothers.2)Theteacheranddoctorwasveryprofessional.3)Warandpeaceisaconstantthemeinhistory.名詞：數(shù)和格8.or,either…or…,neither…nor,notonly…butalso…連接兩個(gè)名詞或代詞做主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞必須和靠它較近的一個(gè)名詞或代詞取得一致，這就是就近原則。e.g.1)EitherIortheyareresponsibleforit.2)Neitheryourunkindwordsnoryourunfriendlyattitudehascausedmeanydistress.名詞：數(shù)和格8.1)Morethanonestudent____(goes/go)tograduationschool.2)Manyastudent____(goes/go)tograduationschool.3)Johnistheonlyoneofthestudentswho____(has/have)beentoFrance.4)Johnisoneofthestudentswho_____(has/h