學(xué)術(shù)英語(yǔ)寫作

英語(yǔ)學(xué)術(shù)論文常用句型BeginningInthispaper,wefocusontheneedforThispaperproceedsasfollow.Thestructureofthepaperisasfollows.Inthispaper,weshallfirstbrieflyintroducefuzzysetsandrelatedconceptsTobeginwithwewillprovideabriefbackgroundontheIntroductionThiswillbefollowedbyadescriptionofthefuzzynatureoftheproblemanddetailedpresentationofhowtherequiredmembershipfunctionsaredefined.Detailsonxxandxxarediscussedinlatersections.Inthenextsection,afterastatementofthebasicproblem,varioussituationsinvolvingpossibilityknowledgeareinvestigated:first,anentirelypossibilitymodelisproposed;thenthecasesofafuzzyservicetimewithstochasticarrivalsandnonfuzzyserviceruleisstudied;lastly,fuzzyserviceruleareconsidered.ReviewThisreviewisfollowedbyanintroduction.AbriefsummaryofsomeoftherelevantconceptsinxxxandxxxispresentedinSection2.Inthenextsection,abriefreviewofthe....isgiven.Inthenextsection,ashortreviewof...isgivenwithspecialregardto...Section2reviewsrelevantresearchrelatedtoxx.Section1.1brieflysurveysthemotivationforamethodologyofaction,whilelooksatthedifficultiesposedbythecomplexityofsystemsandoutlinesthefordevelopmentofpossibilitymethods.BodySection1definesthenotionofrobustness,andarguesforitsimportance.Section1devotedtothebasicaspectsoftheFLCdecisionmakinglogic.Section2givesthebackgroundoftheproblemwhichincludesxxxSection2discussessomeproblemswithandapproachesto,naturallanguageunderstanding.Section2explainshowflexibilitywhichoften...canbeexpressedintermsfuzzytimewindowSection3discussestheaspectsoffuzzysettheorythatareusedinthe...Section3describes thesystemitselfinageneralway,includingthe…..andalsodiscusseshowtoevaluatesystemperformance.Section3describesanewmeasureofxx.Section3demonstratestheuseoffuzzypossibilitytheoryintheanalysisofxx.Section3isafinedescriptionoffuzzyformulationofhumandecision.Section3,isdevelopedtothemodelingandprocessingoffuzzydecisionrulesThemainideaoftheFLCisdescribedinSection3whileSection4describesthexxstrategies.Section3and4showexperimentalstudiesforverifyingtheproposedmodel.Section4discussesapreviousfuzzysetbasedapproachtocostvarianceinvestigation.Section4givesaspecificexampleofxxx.Section4istheexperimentalstudytomakeafuzzymodelofmemoryprocess.Section4containsadiscussionoftheimplicationoftheresultsofSectionand3.Section4appliesthisfuzzymeasuretotheanalysisofxxandillustrateitsonexperimentaldata.Section5presentstheprimaryresultsofthepaper:afuzzysetmodel..Section5containssomeconclusionsplussomeideasforfurtherwork.Section6illustratesthemodelwithanexample.VariouswaysofjustificationandthereasonsfortheirchoicearediscussedverybrieflyinSection2.InSection2arepresentedtheblockdiagramexpressionofawholemodelhumanDMsystemInSection2weshalllistacollectionofbasicassumptionswhicha...mustsatisfy.InSection2ofthispaper,wepresentrepresentationanduniquenessforthefundamentalmeasurementoffuzzinesswhenthedomainofdiscourseisorderdense.InSection3,wedescribethepreliminaryresultsofanempiricalcurrentlyinprogresstoverifythemeasurementmodelandtoconstructmembershipfunctions.InSection5isanalyzedtheinferenceprocessthroughthetwokindsofinferenceexperiments...ThisSectionInthissection,thecharacteristicsandenvironmentunderwhichMRPdesignedaredescribed.Wewillprovideinthissectionbasicterminologiesandnotationswhichnecessaryfortheunderstandingofsubsequentresults.NextSectionThenextsectiondescribesthemathematicsthatgoesintothecomputerimplementationofsuchfuzzylogicstatements.However,itiscumbersomeforthispurposeandinpracticalapplicationsformulaewererearrangedandsimplifiedasdiscussedinthenextsection.Thethreecomponentswillbedescribedinthenexttwosection,andanofxxanalysisofacomputerinformationsystemwillthenillustratetheiruse.WecaninterprettheresultsofExperimentsIandIIasinthefollowingsections.ThenextsectionsummarizesthemethodinafromthatisusefulforargumentsbasedonxxSummaryThispaperconcludeswithadiscussionoffutureresearchconsiderationinsection5.Section5summarizestheresultsofthisinvestigation.Section5givestheconclusionsandfuturedirectionsofresearch.Section7providesasummaryandadiscussionofsomeextensionsofthepaper.Finally,conclusionsandfutureworkaresummarizedThebasicquestionsposedabovearethendiscussedandconclusionsaredrawn.Section7istheconclusionofthepaper.Chapter0.AbstractAbasicprobleminthedesignofxxispresentedbythechoiceofaxxratethemeasurementofexperimentalvariables.Thispaperexaminesanewmeasureofxxinxxbasedonfuzzymathematicswhichovercomesthedifficultiesfoundinotherxxmeasures.Thispaperdescribesasystemfortheanalysisofthexx.Themethodinvolvestheconstructionofxxfromfuzzyrelations.Theprocedureisusefulinanalyzinghowgroupsreachadecision.Thetechniqueusedistoemployanewlydevelopedandversatilexxalgorithm.Theusefulnessofxxisalsoconsidered.Abriefmethodologyusedinxxisdiscussed.Theanalysisisusefulinxxandxxproblem.Amodelisdevelopedforaxxanalysisusingfuzzymatrices.Algorithmstocombinetheseestimatesandproduceaxxarepresentedandjustified.Theuseofthemethodisdiscussedandanexampleisgiven.Resultsofanexperimentalapplicationsofthisxxanalysisprocedurearetoillustratetheproposedtechnique.ThispaperanalysesproblemsinThispaperoutlinesthefunctionscarriedoutby...Thispaperincludesanillustrationofthe...ThispaperprovidesanoverviewandinformationusefulforapproachingEmphasisisplacedontheconstructionofacriterionfunctionbywhichtheinachievingahierarchicalsystemofobjectivesareevaluated.ThemainemphasisisplacedontheproblemofxxOurproposedmodelisverifiedthroughexperimentalstudy.Theexperimentalresultsrevealinterestingexamplesoffuzzyphasesof: xx,xxThecompatibilityofaprojectintermsofcost,andxxarelikewiserepresentedbylinguisticvariables.AdidacticexampleisincludedtoillustratethecomputationalprocedureChapter1.IntroductionTimeOverthecourseofthepast30years,..hasemergedformintuitiveTechnologicalrevolutionshaverecentlyhittheindustrialworldTheadventof...systemsforhashadasignificantimpactontheThedevelopmentof...isexploredDuringthepastdecade,thetheoryoffuzzysetshasdevelopedinavarietydirectionsTheconceptofxxwasinvestigatedquiteintensivelyinrecentyearsTherehasbeenaturningpointin...methodologyinaccordancewiththeof...Amajorconcernin...todayistocontinuetoimprove...Axxisalatecomerinthepartrepresentationarena.Atthetimeofthiswriting,thereisstillnostandardwayofxxAlthoughalotofeffortisbeingspentonimprovingtheseweaknesses,efficientandeffectivemethodhasyettobedeveloped.Thepioneerworkcanbetracedtoxx[1965].Todate,noneofthemethodsdevelopedisperfectandallarefarfromreadybeusedincommercialsystems.Objective/Goal/PurposeThepurposeoftheinferenceenginecanbeoutlinedasfollows:Theultimategoalofthexxsystemistoallowthenonexpertstoutilizeexistingknowledgeintheareaofmanualhandlingofloads,andtoprovideintelligent,computeraidedinstructionforxxx.ThepaperconcernsthedevelopmentofaxxThescopeofthisresearchliesinThemainthemeofthepaperistheapplicationofrulebaseddecisionmaking.Theseobjectivesaretobemetwithsuchthoroughnessandconfidenceaspermit...Theobjectivesofthe...operationsstudyareasfollows:Theprimarypurpose/consideration/objectiveofTheultimategoalofthisconceptistoprovideThemainobjectiveofsucha...systemistoTheaimofthispaperistoprovidemethodstoconstructsuchprobabilitydistribution.Inorderto achievetheseobjectives, anxx must meetthefollowingrequirements:Inordertotakeadvantageoftheirsimilaritymoreresearchisstillrequiredbeforefinalgoalof...canbecompletedInthistrial,theobjectiveistogenerate...forthesakeofconcentratingon...researchissuesAmajorgoalofthisreportistoextendtheutilizationofarecentlydevelopedprocedureforthexx.Foranillustrativepurpose,fourwellknownORproblemsarestudiedpresenceoffuzzydata:xx.Amajorthrustofthepaperistodiscussapproachesandstrategiesstructuring..methodsThisillustrationpointsouttheneedtospecifyTheultimategoalisbothdescriptiveandprescriptive.Chapter2.LiteratureReviewAwealthofinformationistobefoundinthestatisticsliterature,forexample,regardingxxAconsiderableamountofresearchhasbeendone..duringthelastdecadeAgreatnumberofstudiesreportonthetreatmentofuncertaintiesassociatedwithxx.ThereisconsiderableamountofliteratureonplanningHowever,thesestudiesdonotprovidemuchattentiontouncertaintyinxx.Sincethen,thesubjecthasbeenextensivelyexploredanditisstillunderinvestigationaswellinmethodologicalaspectsasinconcreteapplications.Manyresearchstudieshavebeencarriedoutonthistopic.Problemofxxdrawsrecentlymoreandmoreattentionofsystemanalysis.AttemptstoresolvethisdilemmahaveresultedinthedevelopmentofManycomplexprocessesunfortunately,donotyieldtothisdesignprocedureandhave,therefore,notyetbeenautomated.Mostofthemethodsdevelopedsofararedeterministicand/orprobabilisticnature.ThecentralissueinallthesestudiesistoTheproblemofxxhasbeenstudiedbyotherinvestigators,however,studieshavebeenbaseduponclassicalstatisticalapproaches.Applied...techniquestoCharacterizedthe...systemasDevelopedanalgorithmtoDevelopedasystemcalled...whichUsesaniterativealgorithmtodeduceEmphasizedtheneedtoIdentifiessixkeyissuessurroundinghightechnologyAcomprehensivestudyofthe...hasbeenundertakenMuchworkhasbeenreportedrecentlyinthesefiledProposed/Presented/Statethat/Described/Illustrated/Indicated/Hasshown/showed/Address/HighlightsPointoutthattheproblemofAstudyon...wasdone/developedby[]Previouswork,suchas[]and[],dealonlywithTheapproachtakenby[]isThesystemdevelopedby[]consistsApaperrelevanttothisresearchwaspublishedby[][]'smodelrequiresconsiderationof...[]'modeldrawsattentiontoevolutioninhumandevelopment[]'smodelfocuseson...Littleresearchhasbeenconductedinapplying...toThepublishedinformationthatisrelevanttothisresearch...ThisstudyfurthershowsthatTheirworkisbasedontheprincipleofMorehistoryof...canbefoundinxxetal.[1979].StudieshavebeencompletedtoestablishedThe...studiesindicatedthatThoughapplicationofxxin thefiledofxxhasproliferatedin recenteffortinanalyzingxx,especiallyxx,islacking.Problem/Issue/QuestionUnfortunately,real-world engineering problems such as planningdonotfitwellwiththisnarrowlydefinedmodel.Theytendtospanbroadactivitiesandrequireconsiderationofmultipleaspects.Remedy/solve/alleviatetheseproblems...isadifficultproblem,yettobeadequatelyresolvedTwomajorproblemshaveyettobeaddressedAnunansweredquestionThisprobleminessenceinvolvesusingxtoobtainasolution.Anadditionalresearchissuetobetackledis....Someimportantissuesindevelopinga...systemarediscussedThethreeprimeissuescanbesummarized:Thesituationleadstotheproblemofhowtodeterminethe...TherehavebeenmanyattemptstoItisexpectedtobeseriousbarriertoItoffersasimplesolutioninalimiteddomainforacomplex寫論文，參考文獻(xiàn)的修改很麻煩，刪除一個(gè)，添加一個(gè)，就需要改一長(zhǎng)串?dāng)?shù)字。怎么辦呢。本人推薦一種簡(jiǎn)單方法：尾注法方法如下（3為例光標(biāo)移到要插入?yún)⒖嘉墨I(xiàn)的地方，菜單中“插入”——“”-“”。對(duì)話框中選擇“尾注”，編號(hào)方式選“自動(dòng)編號(hào)”，所在位置可以選“節(jié)的結(jié)尾”或“文檔結(jié)尾”。如“自動(dòng)編號(hào)”后不是阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字，選右下角的“選項(xiàng)”拉伯?dāng)?shù)字?！?”個(gè)上標(biāo)“1”，這就是輸入第一個(gè)參考文獻(xiàn)的地方?！?”的格式改成正常（記住是改格式，而不是將它刪掉重新輸入，否則參考文獻(xiàn)以后就是移動(dòng)的位置，這個(gè)序號(hào)也不會(huì)變，再在它后面輸入所插入的參考文獻(xiàn)（格式按雜志要求來(lái)慢慢輸，好像沒(méi)有什么辦法簡(jiǎn)化?！?”可以繼續(xù)寫文章了。7“2”d已經(jīng)自動(dòng)為你排序了標(biāo)號(hào)上的方括號(hào)如何加呢？很簡(jiǎn)單：“編輯”——“替換”查找內(nèi)容”填寫^e[^&]即可：“編輯”——“替換”查找內(nèi)容”填寫^f[^&]便可以了（這里建議在一篇文章都寫完后再將方括號(hào)加上會(huì)省去很多意外的麻煩）（頁(yè)面，如果參考文獻(xiàn)跨頁(yè)了，在跨頁(yè)的地方還有一條長(zhǎng)橫線，這些還沒(méi)完，刪除橫線的方法切換到普通視圖，菜單中“視圖”——“腳注”，這時(shí)最下方出現(xiàn)了尾注的編輯欄?！拔沧⒎指舴彼?，刪除。再在下拉菜單中選擇“尾注延續(xù)分隔符”刪除。切換回到頁(yè)面視圖，參考文獻(xiàn)插入已經(jīng)完成了。別看步驟多，操作一遍，就知道很簡(jiǎn)單了~SkillsandAttributesthatContributetoaSuccessfulCareerasaScientist,Engineer,Scholar,orProfessionalIntellectualSkillsHonesty（誠(chéng)實(shí)）Curiosity（有好奇心）Discrimination—abilitytodistinguishwha