Unit 4 單元知識歸納 高一英語上學(xué)期 （人教版2019必修第二冊）

Unit4一、重點單詞puzzlen.謎，智力游戲；疑問vt.迷惑；使困惑1.不知如何是好，感到困惑；inapuzzle2.解開謎團；solveapuzzle3.帶著疑惑的表情:wearapuzzledexpression4.令人費解的事實；apuzzlingfactBegingninganewlifeinanewplacecanbeverypuzzling.belongvi.應(yīng)在（某處）；適應(yīng)歸屬感:asenseofbelonging這是誰的課本？Whodoesthistextbookbelongto?他是高爾夫球俱樂部的成員。Hebelongstothegolfclub.溫馨提示：belongto不用于進行時態(tài)也沒有被動語態(tài)。類似用法的還有takeplace,occur,happen等。defendv.防御，保護，辯解，辯護保衛(wèi)......免受......defend...against/from...→defencen防御；保衛(wèi)1.為保衛(wèi)......；為......辯護indefenceof...2.為某人辯護inone’sdefence有什么論點能提出來為這個說法辯護？Whatpointscanberaisedindefenceofthisargument.溫馨提示：與defend...from/against...用法類似的還有：prevent...(from)...;stop...(from)...;keep...from...;protect...from/against...等，在被動語態(tài)中from都不可省略。surroundvt.圍繞；包圍1.用......包圍......surround...with…..2.和......在一起，與......為伍:surroundoneselfwith…..→surrounding附近的，四周的周圍環(huán)境:surroundingenvironment→surroundings環(huán)境（復(fù)數(shù)）1.欣賞環(huán)境:enjoy/admirethesurroundings2.美麗的環(huán)境:beautifulsurroundings3.適應(yīng)新環(huán)境:be/getusedtothenewsurroundings.evidentadj.明顯的，顯然的她顯然不開心。Itwasevidentthatshewasunhappy.→evidencen.證據(jù)，根據(jù)，證明1.尋找證據(jù):lookfor/searchforevidence2.找到證據(jù):findevidence3（出庭）作證:giveevidence4.醫(yī)學(xué)證據(jù):medicalevidence5.有力的證據(jù):strongevidence6.一項證據(jù):apieceofevidenceachievementn.成就；成績；達到1.取的成就；makeanachievment2.某人在某方面的成就:one’sachievementin3.在做某事方面取得成就:makeanachievementindoingsth4.偉大的、了不起的成就：agreat/remarkableachievement→achievevt.實現(xiàn)；（經(jīng)過努力）取得，達到→achievableadj.可實現(xiàn)的，可達到的:fascinatingadj.極有吸引力的；迷人的1.迷人的地方；afascinatingplace2.引人入勝的故事:afascinatingstory3.看上去、聽起來迷人:look/soundfascinating4.令某人著迷:befascinatingtosb5.看到不同的人怎樣處理這個問題真是有趣極了。It’sfascinatingtoseehowdifferentpeopleapproachtheproblem.chargen.收費；指控；主管vt.收費；控告；充電1.收他十美元修自行車費:charginghim10dollarsforrepairinghisbike.2.指控他超速:chargehimwithspeeding3.免費:freeofcharge請問我可以和國際銷售部的負責(zé)人說話嗎？CouldIspeaktowhoeverisinchargeofinternationalsales,please.你知道琳達是否愿意負責(zé)這個節(jié)目嗎？DoyouknowifLindaiswillingtotakechargeoftheprogram?announcevt.宣布；通知；聲稱1.向某人宣布......announcesthtosb2.據(jù)宣布itisannouncedthat...3.正如宣布的那樣asisannouncedAttheendofthemeeting,itwasannounced(announce)thatanagreementhadbeenreached.→announcementn.通知，公告官方公告:anofficialannouncementamountn.金額；數(shù)量1.大量地、少量地inlarge/smallamounts.在這么短的時間內(nèi)他幾乎不能做完這些工作。Hardlycouldhegetthroughthisamountofworkinsuchshorttime.Alargeamountoftimehasbeenspentinfinishingthistasksofar.approachn.方法；途徑；接近vt接近；接洽；著手處理vi靠近1.走近房子approachthehouse2.看到、聽到......接近see/hearsb/sthapproaching3.容易接近、難以接近beeasy/difficulttoapproach4.處理問題approachtheproblem/matter5.......的來臨theapproachof….6.做某事的方法anapproachtodoingsth7.在快到......的時候attheapproachof...溫馨提示-表示“方法、方式”的短語薈萃：approachto(doing)hiswaytodo/ofdoingsth.withthismethodofdoingsth.ina...mannerofdoingsth.generousadj.慷慨的；大方的；豐富的1.對某人很慷慨begenerousto2.樂于做某事begenerousin3．在某方面很大方:begenerouswithsth4.某人做某事真是慷慨。Itisgenerousofsbtodosth.沒有你的慷慨幫忙，我不可能熬過那段痛苦的日子。Icouldn’thavegonethroughthatbitterperiodwithoutyourgeneroushelp.→generouslyadv.慷慨大方地→generosityn.慷慨；大方eageradj.熱切的；渴望的1.渴望做某事；beeagertodosth2.渴望得到某事:beeagerforsth3.He’sabrightkindandeagertolearn.beeagerthat希望；渴望。此時從句謂語一般用“should＋動詞原形”這樣的虛擬語氣，should可以省略。→eagerlyadv.熱切地，渴望地They’reeagerlywaitingforthebigday.→eagernessn.熱切，渴望Peoplewerepushingeachotheroutofwayintheireagernesstogettothefront.greetvt.問候；迎接1.迎接客人greetguests2.在機場迎接某人greetsbattheairport3.向某人點頭致意greetsbwithanod.WheneverImeether,whichwasfairlyoften,shegreetedmewithasweetsmile.→greetingn.問候；打招呼crowdn.人群；一群人；民眾vt.擠滿；使......擁擠1.一群、成群的人:acrowdof/crowdsofpeople2.在機場迎接某人:inthecrowd3．擠進、涌入紐約中心:crowdintothecenterofnewnetwork4.涌入某人的心頭:crowdedintoone’smind→crowded擁擠的，擠滿的擠滿......becrowdedwithIncrowded(crowd)placeslikeairportsandrailwaystation,youmusttakecareofyourluggage.二、重點短語1.besimilarto與......相似(1)在某方面相似besimilarin(2)與......相同；thesameas(3)與......不同:bedifferentfrom(4)在......方面不同；bedifferentinHerideasarequitesimilartomine.Thetwocarsareverysimilarinsizeanddesign.2.beconfusedby對......感到困惑(1)變得困惑:become/getconfused(2)困惑的感情:aconfusedexpression(3)把A和B弄混；confuseAwithBAlltheroadslookedthesameandhefeltconfused.注意不要把數(shù)量與質(zhì)量混淆了。Becarefulnottoconfusequantitywithquality.3.join..to..把......和......連接或聯(lián)結(jié)起來(1)Connect…..with/to......把......跟......聯(lián)系起來(2)與......“有關(guān)系、有聯(lián)系多種表達：Berelatedto;belinkedwith/tobeinvolvedin;beassociatedwith;havesomethingtodowith(3)Youhavetojointhesmallerpieceofwoodtothemainpart.4.breakaway(fromsb/sth)脫離；背叛；逃脫；克服（習(xí)慣）(1)打碎；分裂；（會議或聚會）結(jié)束，散會；（團體）解散:breakup(2)出故障；垮掉；失敗:breakdown(3)突破:Breakthrough(4)（戰(zhàn)爭、火災(zāi)）突然發(fā)生、爆發(fā):breakout上周史密斯家的汽車被撬了。TheSmithshadtheircarbrokenintolastweek.那位老人不在家時，竊賊闖進屋里了。Thieveshadbrokeinwhiletheoldmanwasaway.5.resultin結(jié)果為；導(dǎo)致；(1)由于；源自:resultfrom(2)結(jié)果，因此:asaresult(3)作為......、的結(jié)果asaresultof(4)我們還在處理過去的因失誤所造成的問題。Wearestilldealingwithproblemsresultingfromerrorsmadeinthepost.6.aswellas同（一樣也）；和；還(1)Inthisdayandage,womencanhavechildrenandjobsaswell(2)Thebasketballcoach,aswellashisteamwasinterviewedshortlyafterthematchfortheiroutstandingperformance.(3)Thistrainingprogramcangiveyouagiftatwork,aswellasincreaseyourincomeby40%.7.leavebehind落下、忘帶；留下；把......拋在后面(1)把我的傘落在火車上:leavemyumbrellabehindonthetrain.(2)動身去北京；leaveforBeijing(3)不要打擾我:leavemealone(4)省去具體細節(jié):leaveoutdetails(5)漏掉一個字母:leaveoutaletter(6)他動身前往華盛頓，把幾個孩子留給了他的母親。HesetoffforWashington,leavingthechildrenbehindhismother.8.datebackto起源于，追溯到(1)這所學(xué)院創(chuàng)辦于中世紀。Thecollegedatesbacktomedievaltimes.(2)這些可以追溯到1855年的石階開始出現(xiàn)磨損。Thestonesteps,datingbackto1885.Arebeginningtowear.9.keepyoureyesopen(for)keepyoueyesout(for)留心；留意(1)吸引某人的注意:catchone’seye(2)注視，盯著看:fixone’seyeson(3)照看；留意；密切注意:keepaneyeon(4)對......有鑒賞力；haveaneyefor.(5)直視某人:looksbintheeye10.offersbsth向某人提供某物；offersthtosb(1)愿意、主動提出做某事:offertodosth(2)提供幫助、提出建議:offerhelp/advice(3)“提供給某人某物”的表達：providesbwithsth/providesthforsbSupplysbwithsth/supplysthtosb(4)-whydidyouhavetheposition?IwasofferedabetterpositionatIBM.11.makeup組成，構(gòu)成；編造；化妝；彌補<1>組成一個隊：makeupateam<2>編故事：makeupastory<3>編借口：makeupanexcuse<4>在鏡子前化妝：makeupbefo