定稿巖土工程詞匯-英漢

Goodisgood,butbettercarriesit.

精益求精，善益求善。Goodisgood,butbettercarriesit.

精益求精，善益求善。[定稿]巖土工程詞匯-英漢AAPAGEPAGE86APAGEAablation消融（作用）abrasion磨蝕absence缺失absorbability吸附力acceleration加速度groundacceleration地面加速度horizontalacceleration水平加速度seismicacceleration地震加速度acceptenceofwork工程驗(yàn)收accretion淤積accretionofriverbottom河底淤高accretionofsand淤砂accuracy精度accuracyofcalibration標(biāo)定精度accuracyofmeasurement量測(cè)精度accuracyofobservation觀測(cè)精度accuracyofreading讀數(shù)精度acidimetry酸量滴定法action作用glacialaction冰川作用grouppileaction樁群作用activity活性volcanicactivity火山活動(dòng)adhesion粘聚力adjust調(diào)整，對(duì)準(zhǔn)adjustment調(diào)整，對(duì)準(zhǔn)adjustmentofcoordinates坐標(biāo)平差adjustmentofobservation觀察平差admixture摻合物adsorption吸附作用anionadsorption陰離子吸附aeroview鳥瞰圖age年代geologic(al)age地質(zhì)年代relativeage相對(duì)年代ageing老化aggregate骨料coarseaggregate粗粒料fineaggregate細(xì)粒料agitator攪拌器A-horizon淋溶層air-lock氣閘A-lineA線（塑性圖〕alluvialfan沖積扇alluviation沖積（作用）alluvium沖積層alternation互層altitude高程；高度amount數(shù)量retainedamount篩余量amountofcompression壓縮量amountofdeflection擾度amplitude振幅，幅度allowableamplitude容許振幅cyclicshearstrainamplitude周期剪應(yīng)變振幅doubleamplitude雙振幅pulseamplitude脈沖振幅relativeamplitude相對(duì)振幅strainamplitude應(yīng)變幅stressamplitude應(yīng)力幅amplitudeofvibration振幅analysis分析briefanalysis簡(jiǎn)易分析completewateranalysis水的全分析correlationanalysis相關(guān)分析dataanalysis數(shù)據(jù)分析differentialthermalanalysis差熱分析dynamicanalysis動(dòng)態(tài)分析fabricanalysis組構(gòu)分析grain-sizeanalysis粒徑分析limitanalysis極限狀態(tài)分析limitequilibriumanalysis極限平衡分析mechanicalanalysis粒徑分析mineralogicalanalysis礦物分析numericalanalysis數(shù)值分析pollenanalysis花粉分析qualitativeanalysis定性分析quantitativeanalysis定量分析randomanalysis隨機(jī)分析regressionanalysis回歸分析reliabilityanalysis可靠性分析sedimentationanalysis沉淀分析settlementanalysis沉降分析stabilityanalysis穩(wěn)定性分析statisticalanalysis統(tǒng)計(jì)分析tectonicanalysis構(gòu)造分析trendsurfaceanalysis趨勢(shì)面分析analysisofstrain應(yīng)變分析analysisofstress應(yīng)力分析analyticbalance分析天平anchor錨cableanchor索錨groundanchor地錨anchorage地錨anchorbolt錨栓andesite安山巖angle角，角度angleofcontact接觸角angleofdilatancy剪脹角angleofexternalfriction外摩擦角angleofinternalfriction內(nèi)摩擦角apparentangleofinternalfriction表觀內(nèi)摩擦角angleofobliquity（應(yīng)力的〕傾角angleofrepose休止角angleofrupture破裂角angleofshearingstrength剪切角angleoftrueinternalfriction真內(nèi)擦角slopangle坡角anticline背斜anti-flocculation反絮凝作用apparatus儀器,設(shè)備boxshearapparatus盒式剪切儀consolidationapparatus固結(jié)儀expansionapparatus膨脹儀resonantcolumntriaxialtestapparatus共振柱三軸儀simpleshearapparatus單剪儀triaxialapparatus三軸儀truetriaxialapparatus真三軸儀unconfinedcompressionapparatus無(wú)側(cè)限壓力儀vaneshearapparatus十字板剪切儀vibrationtriaxialapparatus振動(dòng)三軸儀applicationofload施加荷載alluvialapron山麓沖積扇aquiclude隔水層；滯水層aquifer含水層artesianaquifer承壓含水層；自流水層confinedaquifer承壓含水層finiteaquifer有限含水層infiniteaquifer無(wú)限含水層unconfinedaquifer非承壓水含水層aquitard弱含水層arching拱作用area區(qū)域，地區(qū)activedrainagearea有效排水面積activeseismicalarea地震活動(dòng)區(qū)alimentationarea補(bǔ)給區(qū)bearingarea承壓面積borrowarea采料場(chǎng)buildingarea建筑面積built-uparea已建面積catchmentarea匯水面積developmentarea開發(fā)區(qū)housingarea居住區(qū)marsharea沼澤區(qū)rechargearea補(bǔ)給區(qū)watercollectingarea積水面積work-outarea采空區(qū)areaofpassage過(guò)水面積areaofwellinfluence井影響面積arenite砂質(zhì)巖areometer比重計(jì)argillite泥質(zhì)巖attenuation衰減atteration沖積土attitude產(chǎn)狀attitudeofrocks巖層產(chǎn)狀attitudeofstratum地層產(chǎn)狀auger麻花鉆clean-outauger清孔鉆expandingauger擴(kuò)孔鉆hand-operatedauger手搖麻花鉆hand-operatedauger手搖螺旋鉆manualauger手搖麻花鉆augerwithhydraulicfeed液壓給進(jìn)式螺旋鉆axialthrust軸向推力axis軸axisoffold褶皺軸axisofprincipalstress主應(yīng)力軸axisofsymmetry對(duì)稱軸Bbackcalculation反算法backfill回填土bahymetry測(cè)深法bandedlode帶狀礦脈bar桿，鉆桿basalt玄武巖base基礎(chǔ)，底部enlargedbase擴(kuò)底（樁工〕foundationbase基礎(chǔ)底面baseofslope坡角basetiltfactor基底傾斜因數(shù)（地基承載力）base-line基線basement地下室basin盆地blockbasin斷塊盆地intermontanebasin山間盆地lowriverbasin（河流）下游流域riverbasin流域subsidencebasin沉陷盆地tectonicbasin構(gòu)造盆地beam梁concretebeam混凝土梁foundationbeam地基梁bearing方位角，承載allowablebearingcapacity容許承載力bearinggraph反應(yīng)曲線（樁工）bed（一）層，床coalbed煤層confiningbed隔水層foundationbed基礎(chǔ)墊層intercalatedbed間層，夾層riverbed河床water-bearingbed含水層bedding基床，層面，層理concordantbedding整合層面crossbedding交錯(cuò)層理diagonalbedding斜層理bedrock基巖behaviour性狀bendinriver河曲biaxialstateofstress雙軸應(yīng)力狀態(tài)binder膠結(jié)物claybinder粘土膠結(jié)物bit鉆頭augerbit螺旋鉆頭boringbit鉆頭choppingbit沖擊鉆頭blanket鋪蓋clayblanket粘土鋪蓋（水工）block塊anchorblock錨塊upthrownblock上升盤blow-in涌入bluff懸崖bog沼澤boiling翻漿bore鉆孔counterbore擴(kuò)空鉆borehole鉆孔casedborehole套管鉆孔linedborehole下套管的鉆孔o(hù)bservationborehole觀察孔（井）boring鉆（探）percussionboring沖擊鉆探rotaryboring回轉(zhuǎn)鉆進(jìn)slurryboring泥漿鉆進(jìn)washboring清水鉆進(jìn)boringbypercussion沖擊鉆進(jìn)boringframe鉆架bottom底foundationbottom基底riverbottom河底trenchbottom溝底valleybottom谷底boulder漂石boundary邊界bracedsheeting支撐擋板bracing支撐bubble氣泡building建筑物high-risebuilding高層建筑物bulkhead岸壁anchoredbulkhead錨定岸壁bulking體脹burden覆蓋層burette滴定管butt平樁頭CCD-test=consolidated-drainedtriaxislcompressiontest固結(jié)排水三軸壓縮試驗(yàn)CL-test=continualloadingtest連續(xù)加荷固結(jié)試驗(yàn)CPT=conepenetrationtest圓錐觸探試驗(yàn)CRP-test=constantrateofpenetrationtest等速貫入試驗(yàn)（樁工）CRU-test=constantrateofuplifttest等速上拔試驗(yàn)（樁工）CU-test=consolidatedundrainedtriaxialcompressiontest固結(jié)不排水三軸壓縮試驗(yàn)CBR=CaliforniaBearingRatio加州承載比caisson箱，沉箱boxcaisson沉箱drilledcaisson鉆孔沉井opencaisson沉井calculatedself-weightcollapse計(jì)算自重濕陷量calibration標(biāo)定cambering上拱度Camkometer劍橋旁壓儀cantilever懸臂canyon峽谷capacity容量designcapacity設(shè)計(jì)承載力dischargecapacity排水量evaporationcapacity蒸發(fā)量exchangecapacity交換容量infiltrationcapacity入滲量ultimatebearingcapacity極限承載力capacityofdrivenpile打入樁的承載力capacityofsaturation飽和量capacityofwell井流量capillarimeter毛細(xì)管儀capillarity毛細(xì)管作用capillaryfringe毛細(xì)管水上升邊緣capillarymigration毛細(xì)管水移動(dòng)capillometer毛細(xì)管試驗(yàn)儀carbon-14dating碳－14年代測(cè)定法Carlsonstressmeter卡爾遜應(yīng)力計(jì)case-in下套管casestudy實(shí)例研究casing套管boringcasing鉆探套管catch-drain截水溝cation陽(yáng)離子cavern洞穴caving坍落cell單元，盒doublediaphragmpressurecell雙膜式土壓力盒earthpressurecell土壓力盒pressurecell壓力盒settlementcell沉降盒straincell應(yīng)變盒triaxialcell三軸儀壓力盒cementingagent膠結(jié)劑cementation膠結(jié)作用chalk白堊chamber室rockchamber巖石洞室triaxialchamber三軸壓力室change變化periodicchange周期性變化principalstresschange主應(yīng)力變化channel溝，水道diversionchannel分水溝drainchannel排水溝headracechannel引水溝character特征，特性lithologiccharacter巖性特征dynamiccharacteristic動(dòng)力特性generalcharacteristic一般特性liquefactioncharacteristic液化特性engineeringcharacteristicofrock巖石的工程性能chart表（圖）calculatingchart計(jì)算圖表classificationchart分類表influencechart感應(yīng)圖plasticitychart塑性圖seismicitychart地震烈度圖Taylor’sstabilitychart泰勒土坡穩(wěn)定圖chemicalequivalent化學(xué)當(dāng)量cinder爐渣c(diǎn)irclararcanalysis圓弧分析法circle圓，弧circleofstress應(yīng)力圓criticalcircle臨界圓Mohr'scircle摩爾圓slipcircle滑弧toecircle坡腳圓classfication分類soilclassfication土的分類visualsoilclassfication土的肉眼分類Cassagrande'ssoilclassification卡薩格蘭德土分類法clayclassification粘土分類landslideclassification滑坡分類quicksoilclassification土的簡(jiǎn)易分類法rockclassification巖石分類soilclassification土的分類unifiedsoilclassification土的統(tǒng)一分類classificationofthequalitativesystem定性分類法clay粘土clayfraction粘粒粒組claypartings粘土夾層normallyconsolidatedclay正常團(tuán)結(jié)粘土overconsolidatedclay超固結(jié)粘土sandyclay砂質(zhì)粘土sensitiveclay靈敏性粘土siltyclay粉質(zhì)粘土underconsolidatedclay欠固結(jié)粘土varvedclay成層粘土，紋泥cleaning清理場(chǎng)地clinometer測(cè)斜儀clogging淤塞coagulant凝聚劑coagulantion凝聚作用cobble卵石code規(guī)范（程）aseismiccode抗震規(guī)范buildingcode建筑法規(guī)codeforsoilandfoundation地基與基礎(chǔ)規(guī)范coefficient系數(shù)earthpressurecoefficient土壓力系數(shù)empiricalcoefficient經(jīng)驗(yàn)系數(shù)influencecoefficient影響系數(shù)passiveearthpressurecoefficient被動(dòng)土壓力系數(shù)restitutioncoefficient（樁的）回彈系數(shù)coefficientbetweenlayers層間系數(shù)，管涌比coefficientofactiveearthpressure主動(dòng)土壓力系數(shù)coefficientofadhesion粘著系數(shù)coefficientofattenuation衰減系數(shù)coefficientofcollapsibility濕陷系數(shù)coefficientofcompressibility壓縮系數(shù)coefficientofconsolidation固結(jié)系數(shù)coefficientofcorrelation相關(guān)系數(shù)coefficientofcurvature曲率系數(shù)coefficientofearthpressureatrest靜止土壓力系數(shù)coefficientofearthpressure土壓力系數(shù)coefficientofelasticshear彈性剪切系數(shù)coefficientofelasticuniformcompression彈性均勻壓縮系數(shù)coefficientoffoundationditch'srebound基坑回彈系數(shù)coefficientoffriction摩擦系數(shù)coefficientofhorizontalconsolidation水平固結(jié)系數(shù)coefficientoflateralpressure側(cè)壓力系數(shù)coefficientofpassiveearthpressure被動(dòng)土壓力系數(shù)coefficientofpermeability滲透系數(shù)coefficientofporepressure孔隙壓力系數(shù)coefficientofresilience回彈系數(shù)coefficientofrigidity剛度系數(shù)coefficientofsecondaryconsolidation次固結(jié)系數(shù)coefficientofself-weightcollapsibility自重濕陷系數(shù)coefficientofstiffness剛度系數(shù)coefficientofsubgradereaction基床反力系數(shù)coefficientofuniformity不均勻系數(shù)coefficientofvariation變異系數(shù)coefficientofvolumecompressibility體積壓縮系數(shù)coefficientofstorage儲(chǔ)水系數(shù)cofferdam圍堰cohesion內(nèi)聚力apparentcohesion表觀粘聚力effectivecohesion有效內(nèi)聚力originalcohesion原始內(nèi)聚力residualcohesion殘余內(nèi)聚力totalcohesion總內(nèi)聚力collapse塌陷；濕陷calculatedself-weightcollapse計(jì)算自重濕陷量totalcollapse總濕陷量collapsibility濕陷性compactedlift壓實(shí)分層厚度compaction壓實(shí)；夯實(shí)downholedynamiccompactionDDC工法dynamiccompaction動(dòng)力壓實(shí)，強(qiáng)夯percentcompaction壓實(shí)系數(shù)pilingcompaction打樁擠密rollercompaction碾壓soilcompaction土的壓實(shí)compactionbydriving夯實(shí)compactionbylayers分層填土夯實(shí)compactionbyrolling碾壓compactionbyvibratingroller振動(dòng)碾壓法compactionbyvibration振動(dòng)壓實(shí)compactness密實(shí)度compactor壓實(shí)機(jī)compactorpass擊實(shí)遍數(shù)compressibility壓縮性bulkcompressibility體積壓縮性compression壓縮axialcompression軸向壓縮confinedcompression側(cè)限壓縮elasticcompression彈性壓縮initialcompression初始?jí)嚎slateralcompression側(cè)向壓縮primarycompression主壓縮secondarycompression次固結(jié)simplecompression單向壓縮unconfinedcompression無(wú)側(cè)限壓縮concentration集中concentrationofstresses應(yīng)力集中concrete混凝土plainconcrete素混凝土reinforcedconcrete鋼筋混凝土concretion結(jié)核calcareousconcretion鈣質(zhì)結(jié)核ironconcretion鐵質(zhì)結(jié)核loessconcretion姜結(jié)石condition狀態(tài)，條件artesiancondition承壓（水）狀態(tài)constructioncondition施工條件criticalcondition臨界條件engineeringgeologiccondition工程地質(zhì)條件failurecondition破壞條件geologicalcondition地質(zhì)條件hydrogeologic(al)condition水文地質(zhì)條件initialcondition初始條件initialplacementcondition初始填筑條件limitingcondition極限條件naturalcondition自然條件stresscondition應(yīng)力狀態(tài)conduit管道closedconduit封閉管道coveredconduit暗溝cone圓錐體balancecone平衡錐(稠度試驗(yàn))Dutchcone荷蘭式圓錐儀coneofdepression降落漏斗coneofrecharge補(bǔ)給漏斗conepenetrometer圓錐觸探儀consistency稠度consistencylimit稠度界限consistencyindex稠度指數(shù)naturalconsistency天然稠度consolidation加固，固結(jié)acceleratedconsolidation加速加固anisotropicconsolidation各向不等壓固結(jié)deepconsolidation深層加固dynamicconsolidation強(qiáng)夯法normalconsolidation正常固結(jié)percentconsolidation固結(jié)度primaryconsolidation主固結(jié)secondaryconsolidation二次固結(jié)three-dimensionalconsolidation三維固結(jié)consolidationofsoftfoundation軟弱地基加固consolidometer固結(jié)儀fixed-ringconsolidometer固定環(huán)式固結(jié)儀construction建筑Culmannconstruction庫(kù)爾曼圖解法（土力學(xué)）earthquake-proofconstruction抗震建筑contact接觸conformablecontact整合接觸content容量criticalwatercontent臨界含水量initialmoisturecontent初始含水量maximummolecularwatercontent最大分子吸水量moisturecontent含水量naturemoisturecontent天然含水量optimummoisturecontent最優(yōu)含水量organiccontent有機(jī)質(zhì)含量saltcontent含鹽量watercontent含水量contour-interval等高距control控制remotecontrol遙控straincontrol應(yīng)變控制controlonslopestability對(duì)斜坡穩(wěn)定性的控制conventional常規(guī)的coordinates坐標(biāo)absolutecoordinates絕對(duì)坐標(biāo)assumedcoordinates假定坐標(biāo)geographiccoordinates地理坐標(biāo)rectangularcoordinates直角坐標(biāo)core巖芯；心墻membranecorrection橡皮膜校正(三軸試驗(yàn))corrosion侵蝕count計(jì)數(shù)，擊數(shù)blowcount擊數(shù)lightsoundingtestblowcount釬探擊數(shù)SPTblowcount標(biāo)準(zhǔn)貫入擊數(shù)course過(guò)程，層bearingcourse承壓墊層beddingcourse墊層supportingcourse持力層uppercourse上游crack裂縫eyevisiblecrack肉眼可見裂縫horizontalcrack水平裂縫longitudinalcrack縱向裂縫settlementcrack沉降裂縫shearcrack剪切裂縫tensioncrack張裂隙transversecrack橫向裂縫weatheringcrack風(fēng)化裂縫creep蠕變criterion準(zhǔn)則failurecriterion破壞準(zhǔn)則interimcriterion暫行準(zhǔn)則Mohr-Coulombcriterion摩爾-庫(kù)侖準(zhǔn)則Trescacriterion特萊斯卡準(zhǔn)則yieldcriterion屈服準(zhǔn)則crop露頭crosshair十字絲（測(cè)）cross-wire十字絲crust外殼，硬殼weatheringcrust風(fēng)化殼crustofweathering風(fēng)化殼culvert涵洞archculvert拱形涵洞drainageculvert排水涵洞inletculvert進(jìn)水涵洞pipeculvert管涵curve曲線abnormalcurve非正常曲線accumulationcurve累積曲線calibrationcurve標(biāo)定曲線characteristiccurve特性曲線compressioncurve壓縮曲線consolidationcurve固結(jié)曲線correlationcurve相關(guān)曲線creep-timecurve蠕變時(shí)間曲線curveboard曲線板deflectioncurve擾度曲線depressioncurve浸潤(rùn)曲線depthcurve深度曲線drawdowncurve（地下水位）降深曲線drawdowncurve水位下降曲線durationcurve歷時(shí)曲線envelopingcurve包絡(luò)曲線flowcurve流量曲線grainsizeaccumulationcurve粒徑累積曲線grain-sizedistributioncurve粒徑分布曲線intrinsicshearstrengthcurve摩爾圓強(qiáng)度包絡(luò)線loadstraincurve載荷－應(yīng)變曲線load-settlementcurve荷載-沉降曲線mastercurve量板mechanicalanalysiscurve粒徑分析曲線moisture-densitycurve擊實(shí)曲線pressure-voidratiocurve壓縮曲線reboundcurve回彈曲線responsecurve反應(yīng)（特性）曲線skipgradingcurve不連續(xù)級(jí)配曲線sievecurve篩分曲線standardcurve標(biāo)準(zhǔn)曲線stress-penetrationcurve（CBR試驗(yàn)的）應(yīng)力－貫入曲線stress-straincurve應(yīng)力－應(yīng)變曲線temperaturevariationcurve溫度變化曲線time-travelcurve時(shí)距曲線unloadingcurve卸荷曲線virgincompressioncurve原始?jí)嚎s曲線cushion墊層gravel-sandcushion砂礫墊層lime-soilcushion灰土墊層plansoilcushion素土墊層sand-gravelcushion砂石墊層cut挖方heavycut深挖opencut大開挖shallowcut淺挖cuttings鉆屑cuttability可挖性cycle循環(huán)，周期hydrologicalcycle水文循環(huán)reversiblecycle可逆循環(huán)watercycle水循環(huán)cycleofloads荷載周期cycleofstress應(yīng)力周期cycleofstressreversal應(yīng)力交變周期cycleofvibration振動(dòng)周期Ddado護(hù)壁板dam壩concretedam混凝土壩earthdam土壩earth-rockdam土石壩filterdam透水壩flooddam防洪壩rockfilldam堆石壩rolleddam碾壓土壩stonedam石壩damping阻尼criticaldamping臨界阻尼data數(shù)據(jù)dataacquisition數(shù)據(jù)收集correctiondata修正數(shù)據(jù)datacollection數(shù)據(jù)收集empiricaldata經(jīng)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)existingdata現(xiàn)有資料experimentaldata試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)exploratingdata勘探數(shù)據(jù)hydrologicaldata水文數(shù)據(jù)originaldata原始數(shù)據(jù)referencedata參考資料statisticaldata統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)（資料）testdata試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)dating年代測(cè)定datum基準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)geodetic(al)datum大地基準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)debouch河口debrisflow泥石流debrisfromdemolition建筑拆除垃圾declineofwatertable水位下降decomposition分解decompression卸荷deflection變形deflectioninclinometer測(cè)斜儀deflocculant分散劑deflocculation反絮凝作用deformation變形angulardeformation角變形bearingdeformation承壓變形compressivedeformation壓縮變形consolidationdeformation固結(jié)變形elasticdeformation彈性變形elasto-plasticdeformation彈塑性變形homegeneousdeformation均勻變形lateraldeformation側(cè)向變形lineardeformation線性變形permanentdeformation永久變形plasticdeformation塑性變形residualdeformation殘余變形seepagedeformation滲透變形transientdeformation瞬時(shí)變形unitdeformation單位變形verticaldeformation豎向變形deformeter變形計(jì)defrosting解凍degree程度degreeofaccuracy精度degreeofcompaction壓實(shí)度degreeofconsolidation固結(jié)度degreeofdisturbance擾動(dòng)程度degreeofmineralization礦化度degreeofsaturation飽和度degreeofsensitivity靈敏度degreeofsorting分選程度degreeofstability穩(wěn)定度degreeofweathering風(fēng)化程度degreeofwetness濕度delta三角洲balloondensimeter囊式密度計(jì)density密度bulkdensity體密度criticaldensity臨界密度densitybottle比重瓶drydensity干密度initialdensity初始密度maximumdrydensity最大干密度mediumdensity中密naturaldensity天然密度relativedensity相對(duì)密度denudation剝蝕deposit沉積deltaicdeposit三角洲沉積diluvialdeposit坡積eluvialdeposit殘積eoliandeposit風(fēng)積物estuarydeposit港灣沉積floodplaindeposit漫灘沉積fluvialdeposit河流沉降glacialdeposit冰川沉積loessdeposit黃土沉積marinedeposit海相沉積mechanicaldeposit動(dòng)力沉積morainaldeposit冰磧沉積offshoredeposit近海沉積pluvialdeposit洪水沉積residualdeposit殘積riverdeposit河流沉積terrestrialdeposit陸相沉積wind-laiddeposit風(fēng)成沉積depth深度compacteddepth壓實(shí)深度embeddeddepth埋置深度f(wàn)rostdepth凍結(jié)深度layingdepth埋設(shè)深度rationaldepth合理井深depthofcut挖方深度depthoffoundation基礎(chǔ)砌置深度depthofgroundwatertable地下水埋深depthofpenetration貫入深度depthofscour沖刷深度design設(shè)計(jì)architecturaldesign建筑設(shè)計(jì)aseismaticdesign抗震設(shè)計(jì)foundationdesign基礎(chǔ)設(shè)計(jì)preliminarydesign初步設(shè)計(jì)detailsofconstruction施工詳圖determination測(cè)定，鑒定agedetermination年代測(cè)定fielddetermination野外鑒定isotopicagedetermination同位素年代測(cè)定determinationofdeformation變形測(cè)定determinationofquality定性測(cè)定determinationofquantity定量測(cè)定determinationofsoilparameters土的參數(shù)測(cè)定determinationofstrengthofsoil土的強(qiáng)度測(cè)定determinationofwaterquality水質(zhì)測(cè)定deviation偏差device裝置，設(shè)備constantpressuredevice恒壓裝置liquid-limitdevice液限儀dewater排水dewatering降低地下水位diagram圖表blockdiagram三相圖blockdiagram方框圖dischargediagram流量圖flowdiagram流量圖frequencydiagram頻率圖jointdiagram節(jié)理圖jointpolescatterdiagram節(jié)理極點(diǎn)分散圖schematicdiagram示意圖skeletaldiagram三相圖diameter直徑averagegraindiameter平均粒徑confinedgraindiameter限制粒徑constraineddiameter限制粒徑effectivediameter有效粒徑effectivegraindiameter有效粒徑equivalentdiameter等效粒徑difference差，異pressuredifference壓力差stressdifference應(yīng)力差differenceinelevation高差finitedifferencemethod有限差分法differenceofelevation高差differenceofwatertable水位差digging開挖full-facedigging全面開挖dilapidation倒塌dilatability膨脹性dilatancy剪脹性dilatation剪脹diluvial洪積diluvium洪積層diorite閃長(zhǎng)巖dip傾角apparentdip視傾斜；視傾角direction方向directionoffissures裂隙方向directionofflow流向directionofgroundwaterflow地下水流向directrix準(zhǔn)線discharge流量groundwaterdischarge地下水流量maximumseconddischarge最大秒流量peakdischarge峰值流量pumpdischarge抽水量regulationdischarge調(diào)節(jié)流量waterdischarge排水dischargeofwell井流量discordance不整合discrimination鑒別displacement位移axialdisplacement軸向位移horizontaldisplacement水平位移normaldisplacement法向位移sheardisplacement剪切位移verticaldisplacement豎向位移displacementofsoilmass土體位移dissipation消散porepressuredissipation孔隙壓力消散distributary河道支流distribution分布errordistribution誤差分布grain-sizedistribution粒徑分布loaddistribution載荷分布normaldistribution正態(tài)分布pressuredistribution壓力分布randomdistribution隨機(jī)分布stressdistribution應(yīng)力分布uniformdistribution均勻分布ditch明溝doline落水洞dolly樁墊downdraw水位下降downstream（河流）下游drain排水溝blinddrain盲溝Frenchdrain盲溝sanddrain砂井drainage排水landdrainage地面排水opendrainage明溝排水radialdrainage輻射狀水系surfacedrainage地表水系surfacedrainage地表排水drainagebydesiccation疏干排水drainagebywellpoint井點(diǎn)排水drainageoffoundation基坑排水drawdown水位降深dredging疏浚drift冰磧土drill鉆，鉆機(jī)augerdrill螺旋鉆wagondrill汽車鉆機(jī)drilledfootage鉆進(jìn)尺寸drilling鉆進(jìn)casingproceduredrilling套管鉆進(jìn)underwaterdrilling水下鉆探driver驅(qū)動(dòng)機(jī)，推進(jìn)器automaticrampiledriver自動(dòng)沖錘打樁機(jī)piledriver打樁機(jī)swiverlingpiledriver旋轉(zhuǎn)打樁機(jī)dryoven烘箱dune沙丘migratingdune移動(dòng)沙丘parabolicdune新月形沙丘sanddune沙丘travellingdune移動(dòng)沙丘duration歷時(shí)Eearth土，陸地，地球earthbacking還土earthflow泥石流earthquake地震normalearthquake淺震principalearthquake主震tectonicearthquake構(gòu)造地震violentearthquake大地震volcanicearthquake火山地震earthquakeintensity地震烈度earthquakemagnitude地震震級(jí)earthwork土石方工程eccentricity偏心距pileeccentricity樁偏位effect效應(yīng)，作用compactioneffect壓實(shí)效應(yīng)earthquakeeffect地震作用membranepenetrationeffect橡皮膜嵌入效應(yīng)(三軸試驗(yàn))pipingeffect管涌scaleeffect尺度效應(yīng)effectofpilegroup樁群作用elastichysteresis彈性滯后electroosmosis電滲現(xiàn)象element單元tectonicelement構(gòu)造單元elevation高度；海拔absoluteelevation絕對(duì)高度；海拔designelevation設(shè)計(jì)標(biāo)高groundelevation地面標(biāo)高elevationofborehole孔口標(biāo)高elevationofwell井口標(biāo)高eluvial殘積eluviation淋濾（作用）eluvium殘積層endofcurve曲線終點(diǎn)energyofblow錘擊能engineer工程師，技師assistantengineer助理工程師civilengineer土木工程師consultingengineer咨詢工程師geologicalengineer地質(zhì)工程師structuralengineer結(jié)構(gòu)工程師surveyengineer測(cè)量工程師principalengineer主任工程師chiefengineer總工程師engineering工程（學(xué)）civilengineering土木工程earthquakeengineering地震工程engineeringgeologicalproblem工程地質(zhì)問題foundationengineering基礎(chǔ)工程geotechnicalengineering巖土工程highwayengineering公路工程hydraulicengineering水利工程municipalengineering市政工程envelope包跡（線）Mohr'senvelope摩爾包線strengthenvelope強(qiáng)度包線stressenvelope應(yīng)力包絡(luò)線envelopeoffailure破壞包線epicenter震中equation方程，公式constitutionalequation本構(gòu)方程Dupuit'sequation裘布依公式errorequation誤差方程equilibrium平衡elasticequilibrium彈性平衡limitequilibrium極限平衡plasticequilibrium塑性平衡erosion侵蝕backwarderosion向源侵蝕chemicalerosion化學(xué)侵蝕contacterosion接觸面沖蝕gullyerosion溝蝕lateralerosion側(cè)向侵蝕subsurfaceerosion潛蝕winderosion風(fēng)蝕equipment儀器，設(shè)備surveyingequipment測(cè)量?jī)x器error誤差absoluteerror絕對(duì)誤差accidentalerror偶然誤差actualerror真誤差allowableerror容許誤差angularerror角度誤差beddingerror端墊誤差（三軸試驗(yàn)）calibrationerror校準(zhǔn)誤差centeringerror對(duì)中誤差indeterminateerror不定誤差inherenterror固有誤差instrumenterror儀器誤差meanerror平均誤差meansquareerror均方誤差measurementerror測(cè)量誤差observationerror觀察誤差personalerror人為誤差probableerror或然誤差residualerror剩余誤差round-offerror舍入誤差standarderror標(biāo)準(zhǔn)誤差systematicerror系統(tǒng)誤差errorofcentering對(duì)心誤差errorofscale比例尺誤差errorofsighting瞄準(zhǔn)誤差estuary港灣evaluation評(píng)價(jià)engineeringgeologicalevaluation工程地質(zhì)評(píng)價(jià)evaluationofresources儲(chǔ)量評(píng)價(jià)excavation挖方bracedexcavation支撐開挖hydraulicexcavation水力開挖underwaterexcavation水下開挖excavator挖土機(jī)exchange交換anionexchange陰離子交換cationexchange陽(yáng)離子交換ionexchange離子交換cationexchangecapacity陽(yáng)離子交換量exchangeableion可交換離子expansibility膨脹性exploration勘探detailedexploration詳細(xì)勘探geophysicalexploration地球物理勘探gravitationalexploration重力勘探groundwaterexploration地下水勘探hydrogeologicalexploration水文地質(zhì)勘探seismicexploration地震勘探subsoilexploration地基土勘探extractor拔樁機(jī)extruder頂樣器Ffabric組構(gòu)fabric構(gòu)造，結(jié)構(gòu)rockfabric巖石組構(gòu)facies相borderfacies邊緣相l(xiāng)acustrinefacies湖相facing護(hù)面factor因數(shù)，系數(shù)，比率amplificationfactor放大因數(shù)bearingcapacityfactor（地基）承載力系數(shù)coment-waterfactor水灰比compactingfactor壓實(shí)系數(shù)depthfactor埋深因數(shù)loadfactor荷載因數(shù)magnificationfactor放大因數(shù)modificationfactor改正系數(shù)safetyfactor安全系數(shù)scale-upfactor（放大）比例系數(shù)settlementfactor沉降系數(shù)shapefactor形狀因數(shù)sizefactor（試件）尺寸因素correctionfactorforinclination偏心荷載校正系數(shù)reductionfactorofpilegroup群樁折減系數(shù)bearingcapacityfactors(Nc,Nq,Nr)承載力因數(shù)（地基）failure破壞brittlefailure脆性破壞liquefactionfailure液化破壞localshearfailure局部剪切破壞plasticfailure塑性破壞seepagefailure滲透破壞shearfailure剪切破壞slopefailure邊坡破壞successivefailure逐漸破壞compressionfailure壓縮破壞failureinshear剪切破壞basefailureofslope土坡基底破壞fall落距fault斷層activefault活斷層faultstrike斷層走向faulttrough地塹faultthrow斷距masterfault主斷層normalfault正斷層potentialfault隱伏斷層reversefault逆斷層strikeslipfault平移斷層thrustfault逆斷層faultgouge斷層泥feature特征，特性leadingfeature主要特征relieffeature地形structuralfeature構(gòu)造形跡topographic(al)feature地形特征feldspar長(zhǎng)石figure圖fill填土，填土compactedfill壓實(shí)填土earthfill填方engineeredfill質(zhì)控回填土hydraulicfill水力沖填plainfill素填土filledearth填土filter-well滲水井fines細(xì)粒土percentfines細(xì)粒含量百分率fissure裂隙finefissure微裂隙jointfissure節(jié)理裂縫tectonicfissure構(gòu)造裂隙weatheringfissure風(fēng)化裂隙fitting擬合curvefitting曲線擬合fixing固定positionfixing定位flow流動(dòng)overlandflow表面徑流plastic-viscousflow塑性粘滯流動(dòng)seepageflow滲流surfaceflow地面徑流fold褶皺asymmetric(al)fold不對(duì)稱褶皺principalfold主褶皺foliation葉理footing基礎(chǔ)cantileverfooting懸臂式基礎(chǔ)combinedfooting聯(lián)合基礎(chǔ)continuousfooting連續(xù)基礎(chǔ)individualfooting獨(dú)立基礎(chǔ)spreadfooting擴(kuò)展基礎(chǔ)strapfooting條形基礎(chǔ)force受力，施加力adfreezingforce凍附力anchorageforce錨固力normalforce法向力tensileforce張力forecast預(yù)報(bào)form形式structuralform構(gòu)造形式topographic(al)form地形formation建造geodetic(al)formation地質(zhì)建造formula公式dynamicpile-drivingformula動(dòng)力打樁公式efficiencyformula效率公式（群樁〕empiricalformula經(jīng)驗(yàn)公式Meyerhof'sformula梅耶霍夫公式piledrivingformula打樁公式Terzaghi'sformula太沙基公式characteristicfossil特征化石foundation基礎(chǔ)benchedfoundation臺(tái)階式基礎(chǔ)boxfoundation箱型基礎(chǔ)brickfoundation磚基礎(chǔ)buoyantfoundation浮筏基礎(chǔ)caissonfoundation沉箱基礎(chǔ)cantileverfoundation懸臂式基礎(chǔ)circularfoundation圓形基礎(chǔ)combinedfoundation聯(lián)合基礎(chǔ)compensatedfoundation補(bǔ)償式基礎(chǔ)conefoundation錐形基礎(chǔ)deepfoundation深基礎(chǔ)earthquakeprooffoundation抗震基礎(chǔ)flexiblefoundation柔性基礎(chǔ)individualfoundation單獨(dú)基礎(chǔ)isolatedfoundation獨(dú)立基礎(chǔ)matfoundation片筏基礎(chǔ)naturalfoundation天然基礎(chǔ)padfoundation獨(dú)立基礎(chǔ)perviousfoundation透水地基pierfoundation墩式基礎(chǔ)pilefoundation樁基pipepilefoundation管樁基礎(chǔ)raftfoundation浮筏基礎(chǔ)ringfoundation環(huán)形基礎(chǔ)shallowfoundation淺基礎(chǔ)slabfoundation板式基礎(chǔ)spreadfoundation擴(kuò)展式基礎(chǔ)squarefoundation方形基礎(chǔ)stripfoundation條形基礎(chǔ)subaqueousfoundation水下基礎(chǔ)sunkshaftfoundation沉井基礎(chǔ)rectangularfoundaton矩形基礎(chǔ)fracture斷裂freeze歇后增長(zhǎng)（樁的承載力〕friction摩擦，摩擦力mantlefriction表面摩擦negativeskinfriction負(fù)摩擦力(樁工)skinfriction(樁的)表面摩阻力wallfriction墻摩擦力frog-rammer蛙式打夯機(jī)frozensoil凍土frostheave凍脹function函數(shù)characteristicfunction特征函數(shù)errorprobabilityfunction誤差概率函數(shù)fuzzymathematics模糊數(shù)學(xué)Ggabbro輝長(zhǎng)巖gauge量表，量規(guī)dialgauge圓形量表loadgauge測(cè)力計(jì)pressuregauge壓力表generaldescription總述generallayout總圖geodesy大地測(cè)量學(xué)geodimeter光電測(cè)距儀geography地理學(xué)geohydrology水文地質(zhì)學(xué)geology地質(zhì)(學(xué))engineeringgeology工程地質(zhì)(學(xué))environmentalgeology環(huán)境地質(zhì)(學(xué))generalgeology普通地質(zhì)(學(xué))regionalgeology區(qū)域地質(zhì)(學(xué))tectonicgeology構(gòu)造地質(zhì)(學(xué))geomechanics地質(zhì)力學(xué)geometricshape幾何形狀geomorphology地球形態(tài)(學(xué))；地形(貌)學(xué)geophonepattern檢波器組合(形式)geophysics地質(zhì)力學(xué)geotechnicallaboratory巖土試驗(yàn)室geotechnique巖土工程geotextile土工織物girder絎架gneiss片麻巖goaf采空區(qū)(礦)graben地塹gradation級(jí)配gapgradation不連續(xù)級(jí)配narrowgradation均勻級(jí)配prototypegradation天然級(jí)配grade等級(jí)，級(jí)別disproportionatelygrade級(jí)配不良的flatgrade緩坡heavygrade陡坡wellgrade級(jí)配良好的gradeofconcrete混凝土標(biāo)號(hào)gradient梯度hydraulicgradient水力梯度gradientofgroundwatertable地下水位坡降graduatedcylinder量筒grain-sizegrading粒徑級(jí)配grainskeleton顆粒骨架granite花崗巖gravel礫石benchgravel階地礫石poorlyroundedgravel磨圓度不良的礫石graystone玄武巖grotto洞室ground地基artificialground人工地基groundwaterregime地下水動(dòng)態(tài)groundvegetation地面植被hillyground丘陵地group群pilegroup樁群groupofwell井群groutcurtain灌漿帷幕grouting灌漿injectiongrouting壓力灌漿anchorgrouting錨固灌漿backfillgrouting回填灌漿cementgrouting水泥灌漿chemicalgrouting化學(xué)灌漿claygrouting粘土灌漿curtaingrouting帷幕灌漿highpressure