名詞性從句課件 高三英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)語(yǔ)法

名詞性從句[合作探究]

指出下列引導(dǎo)詞在句中引導(dǎo)的從句種類(lèi)。①ExactlywhenthefirstpeoplearrivedinwhatwenowknowasCalifornia,noonereallyknows.____________②Whetherhewillwinisallthesametome.____________③ScientistsbelievethatthesesettlerscrossedtheBeringStraitintheArctictoAmericabymeansofalandbridgewhichexistedinprehistorictimes.____________④Thatiswhytodayover40%ofCaliforniansspeakSpanishasafirstorsecondlanguage.____________⑤Itisbelievedthatbeforelongthemixofnationalitieswillbesogreatthattherewillbenodistinctmajorracialorculturalgroups,butsimplyamixtureofmanyracesandcultures.____________[合作探究]

指出下列引導(dǎo)詞在句中引導(dǎo)的從句種類(lèi)。①ExactlywhenthefirstpeoplearrivedinwhatwenowknowasCalifornia,noonereallyknows.____________②Whetherhewillwinisallthesametome.____________③ScientistsbelievethatthesesettlerscrossedtheBeringStraitintheArctictoAmericabymeansofalandbridgewhichexistedinprehistorictimes.____________④Thatiswhytodayover40%ofCaliforniansspeakSpanishasafirstorsecondlanguage.____________⑤Itisbelievedthatbeforelongthemixofnationalitieswillbesogreatthattherewillbenodistinctmajorracialorculturalgroups,butsimplyamixtureofmanyracesandcultures.____________賓語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句[自主發(fā)現(xiàn)1](1)以上各句皆為主從復(fù)合句，句中用了相當(dāng)于____________作用的從句(即名詞性從句)在句中充當(dāng)成分。(2)名詞性從句在句中可作____________的賓語(yǔ)(句①)，動(dòng)詞的____________(句③)。(3)名詞性從句在句中可作____________(句②)，且可用it作____________主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)從句置于句末(句⑤)。(4)名詞性從句在句中可作____________(句④)。名詞介詞賓語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)形式表語(yǔ)一、主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句和表語(yǔ)從句的用法和特點(diǎn)1．主語(yǔ)從句Whetherthesportsmeetwillbeheldisnotcertainnow.運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)是否將舉行現(xiàn)在不能確定。

Howthebookwillselldependsonitsauthor.這本書(shū)銷(xiāo)售如何取決于作者本人。Whereweshallhavethemeetingmakesnodifference.我們?cè)谀膬洪_(kāi)會(huì)都無(wú)所謂。Thatshewilldowellinherexamiscertain.＝Itiscertainthatshewilldowellinherexam.她在考試中會(huì)做得好，這是確定無(wú)疑的。[合作探究][自主發(fā)現(xiàn)2]主語(yǔ)從句是指在句中____________的從句，位置與陳述句的主語(yǔ)相同。若主語(yǔ)部分結(jié)構(gòu)較長(zhǎng)，可以使用形式主語(yǔ)____________，把真正的主語(yǔ)從句放于后面。作主語(yǔ)it2．賓語(yǔ)從句Everyoneknowsthattheearthismadeupofmatter.每個(gè)人都知道地球是由物質(zhì)構(gòu)成的。Isthereanythingwrongin/withwhatIsaid？我所說(shuō)的有錯(cuò)誤之處嗎？Thesetwoareasaresimilarinthattheybothhavehighrainfallinsummer.這兩個(gè)地區(qū)相似，因?yàn)樵谙奶旖邓己芏?。I’mnotcertainwhetherthetrainwillarriveontime.我不確信火車(chē)是否將會(huì)按時(shí)到達(dá)。[合作探究]

[自主發(fā)現(xiàn)3](1)作____________的賓語(yǔ)。(2)作____________的賓語(yǔ)。如：besidesthat...“除……之外”；exceptthat...“除了……”；inthat...“在于……；因?yàn)椤薄?3)動(dòng)態(tài)____________后。形容詞后跟賓語(yǔ)從句的用法只限于少數(shù)動(dòng)態(tài)形容詞，如sure(確信的)，certain(肯定的)，afraid(擔(dān)心的)，confident(有把握的)等。及物動(dòng)詞介詞形容詞3．表語(yǔ)從句Thequestioniswhetherwecanfinishtheworkintime.問(wèn)題是我們是否能及時(shí)完成這項(xiàng)工作。Youlookasifyousleptbadly.你看上去仿佛沒(méi)睡好覺(jué)。

Thefactremainsthatwearestillnotadvancedenough.事實(shí)依然是我們不夠先進(jìn)。[合作探究]

[自主發(fā)現(xiàn)4](1)表語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中作____________，出現(xiàn)在連系動(dòng)詞之____________，一般結(jié)構(gòu)為“主語(yǔ)＋連系動(dòng)詞＋表語(yǔ)從句”。(2)可接表語(yǔ)從句的____________有be,look,remain,seem,sound等。表語(yǔ)后連系動(dòng)詞[名師點(diǎn)津](1)表語(yǔ)從句實(shí)際上是對(duì)主語(yǔ)進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，從句表達(dá)的是主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容。Thefactisthathedidn’tnoticethecaruntiltoolate.事實(shí)是他注意到汽車(chē)時(shí)已經(jīng)太晚了。(2)主句的主語(yǔ)是名詞idea,advice,suggestion,order,request,requirement等時(shí)，表語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“(should＋)動(dòng)詞原形”。Mysuggestionisthatwe(should)haveadiscussionaboutthismatterinsteadofsettingitaside.我的建議是我們應(yīng)當(dāng)討論一下這個(gè)問(wèn)題，而不是把它放在一邊。二、it作形式主語(yǔ)的主語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句中以it作形式主語(yǔ)的四種常用句型：1．It＋不及物動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式＋從句Itseemsthat...好像是……Ithappenedthat...碰巧……Ithasturnedoutthat...結(jié)果……ItseemedthathehadbeentoBeijingbefore.

好像他以前去過(guò)北京。2．It＋be＋及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞＋從句Itissaidthat...據(jù)說(shuō)……Itisreportedthat...據(jù)報(bào)道……Itisbelievedthat...人們認(rèn)為……Itishopedthat...大家希望……Ithasbeenprovedthat...已證明……Itissaidthathehasreadthenovel.據(jù)說(shuō)他讀過(guò)這本小說(shuō)。3．It＋be＋形容詞＋從句Itisnecessarythat...有必要……Itisclearthat...很清楚……Itis(un)likelythat...很(不太)可能……Itisimportantthat...重要的是……Itisnecessarythatpeopleshouldlearntofacethereality.人們應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)面對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)是有必要的。4．It＋be＋名詞＋that從句適用該句型的名詞(詞組)有：apity，anhonor，agoodthing，afact，asurprise，goodnews,one’sduty等。Itisapitythatyoumissedthesportsmeetinglastweek.很遺憾你錯(cuò)過(guò)了上周的運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。在句子中起名詞作用的句子叫名詞性從句(NounClauses)。名詞性從句的功能相當(dāng)于名詞詞組，它在復(fù)合句中能擔(dān)任主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)、介詞的賓語(yǔ)等，因此根據(jù)它在句中不同的語(yǔ)法功能，名詞性從句又可分別稱(chēng)為主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句。名詞從句常用的引導(dǎo)詞：(1)從屬連詞：that,whether,if(連接作用，不作成分)；(2)連接代詞：who(ever),what(ever),which(ever),whom(ever)(作主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)，定語(yǔ)等名詞性成分)(3)連接副詞：how(ever),where(ever),when(ever),why(作狀語(yǔ))。語(yǔ)序：名詞性從句一律用陳述語(yǔ)序。[鞏固內(nèi)化1]單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子①____________weunderstandthingshasalottodowithwhatwefeel.②____________hehadmetakindlibrarianinthecitylibrarygaveusnosurprise.③Everyyear，__________________________________willwinaprizeintheKiteFestival.每年制作出最漂亮風(fēng)箏的人都會(huì)在風(fēng)箏節(jié)上獲獎(jiǎng)。④__________________surprisedeveryonepresent.他所說(shuō)的話(huà)讓在場(chǎng)每一個(gè)人吃驚。[鞏固內(nèi)化1]單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子①____________weunderstandthingshasalottodowithwhatwefeel.②____________hehadmetakindlibrarianinthecitylibrarygaveusnosurprise.③Everyyear，__________________________________willwinaprizeintheKiteFestival.每年制作出最漂亮風(fēng)箏的人都會(huì)在風(fēng)箏節(jié)上獲獎(jiǎng)。④__________________surprisedeveryonepresent.他所說(shuō)的話(huà)讓在場(chǎng)每一個(gè)人吃驚。HowThatwhoevermakesthemostbeautifulkiteWhathehadsaid[鞏固內(nèi)化2]單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子①Wechoosethishotelbecausethepriceforanighthereisdownto$20,halfof____________itusedtocharge.②Sheaskedme___________Ihadreturnedthebookstothelibrary,andIadmittedthatIhadn’t.③Janemovedaimlesslydownthetree-linedstreet,notknowing____________shewasheading.④Idon’tknow______________________________.我不知道我的行李可以放在哪里。⑤Wediscussed_____________________________________tobuyanewhouse.我們討論該不該用這筆錢(qián)買(mǎi)套新房子。[鞏固內(nèi)化2]單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子①Wechoosethishotelbecausethepriceforanighthereisdownto$20,halfof____________itusedtocharge.②Sheaskedme___________Ihadreturnedthebookstothelibrary,andIadmittedthatIhadn’t.③Janemovedaimlesslydownthetree-linedstreet,notknowing____________shewasheading.④Idon’tknow______________________________.我不知道我的行李可以放在哪里。⑤Wediscussed_____________________________________tobuyanewhouse.我們討論該不該用這筆錢(qián)買(mǎi)套新房子。whatwhetherwherewhereIcanplacemyluggagewhetherweshouldusethemoney[鞏固內(nèi)化3]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Themostpleasantthingoftherainyseasonis____________onecanbeentirelyfreefromdust.②Fromspace,theearthlooksb