歷年商務(wù)英語中級考試特別訓練

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Therelationshipbetweenthehomeandmarketeconomieshadgonethroughtwodistinctstages.Earlyindustrializationbegantheprocessoftransferringsomeproductionprocessese.g.cloth-making,sewingandcanningfoodsfromthehometothemarketplace.Althoughthehomeeconomycouldstillproducethesegoods,theprocesseswerelaboriousandthemarketeconomywasusuallymoreefficient.Soonthemoreimportantsecondstagewasevident--themarketplacebeganproducinggoodsandservicesthathadneverbeenproducedbythehomeeconomy,andthehomeeconomywasunabletoproducetheme.g.electricityandelectricalappliances,theautomobile,advancededucation,sophisticatedmedicalcare.Inthesecondstage,thequestionofwhetherthehomeeconomywaslessefficientinproducingthesenewgoodsandserviceswasirrelevant;ifthefamilyweretoenjoythesefruitsofindustrialization,theywouldhavetobeobtainedinthemarketplace.Thetraditionalwaysoftakingcareoftheseneedsinthehomesuchasinnursingthesick,becameunacceptableand,inmostseriouscases,probablylesssuccessful.Justastheappearanceoftheautomobilemadetheuseofthehorsedrawncarriageillegalandthenimpractical,andtheappearanceoftelevisionchangedtheradiofromasourceofentertainmenttoasourceofbackgroundmusic,somostofthefruitsofeconomicgrowthdidnotincreasetheoptionsavailabletothehomeeconomytoeitherproducethegoodsorservicesorpurchasetheminthemarket.Growthbroughtwithitincreasedvarietyinconsumergoods,butnotincreasedflexibilityforthehomeeconomyinobtainingthesegoodsandservices.Instead,economicgrowthbroughtwithitincreasedconsumerrelianceonthemarketplace.Inordertoconsumethesenewgoodsandservices,thefamilyhadtoenterthemarketplaceaswageearnersandconsumers.Theneoclassical新古典主義的modelthatviewsthefamilyasdecidingwhethertoproducegoodsandservicesdirectlyortopurchasetheminthemarketplaceisbasicallyamodelofthefirststage.Itcannotaccuratelybeappliedtothesecondandcurrentstage.

6.Thereasonwhymanyproductionprocessesweretakenoverbythemarketplacewasthat______.

A.itwasanecessarystepintheprocessofindustrialization

B.theydependedonelectricityavailableonlytothemarketeconomy

C.itwastroublesometoproducesuchgoodsinthehome

D.themarketplacewasmoreefficientwithrespecttotheseprocesses

7.Itcanbeseenfromthepassagethatinthesecondstage______.

A.sometraditionalgoodsandserviceswerenotsuccessfulwhenprovidedbythehomeeconomy

B.themarketeconomyprovidednewgoodsandservicesneverproducedbythehomeeconomy

C.producingtraditionalfoodsathomebecamesociallyneverproducedbythehomeeconomy

D.whethernewgoodsandserviceswereproducedbythehomeeconomybecameirrelevant

8.Duringthesecondstage,ifthefamilywantedtoconsumenewgoodsandservices,theyhadtoenterthemarketplace______.

A.aswageearners

B.bothasmanufacturersandconsumers

C.bothasworkersandpurchasers

D.ascustomers

9.Economicgrowthdidnotmakeitmoreflexibleforthehomeeconomytoobtainthenewgoodsandservicesbecause______.

A.thefamilywasnotefficientinproduction

B.itwasillegalforthehomeeconomytoproducethem

C.itcouldnotsupplythembyitself

D.themarketforthesegoodsandserviceswaslimited

10.Theneoclassicalmodelisbasicallyamodelofthefirststage,becauseatthisstage______.

A.Thefamilycouldrelyeitheronthehomeeconomyorthemarketplacefortheneededgoodsandservices.

B.manyproductionprocesseswerebei