卓越英語綜合教程-第2冊(cè)-book2unit

Unit8Listening能夠聽懂與日程表、時(shí)刻表有關(guān)的英語表達(dá)。Speaking學(xué)會(huì)與日程表、時(shí)刻表有關(guān)的英語表達(dá)，能夠進(jìn)行相關(guān)話題的日常對(duì)話。Reading

IntensiveReading：本文以索馬里的一個(gè)海盜頭目的故事為主線，分析了索馬里海盜盛行的原因，并提出了為根除索馬里海盜國際社會(huì)應(yīng)采取的應(yīng)對(duì)措施。通過學(xué)習(xí)本文，要使學(xué)生了解社會(huì)動(dòng)亂才是海盜盛行的根源，并對(duì)索馬里海盜問題的解決辦法有一定的認(rèn)知。

ExtensiveReading：本文介紹了政治分肥的概念，并分析了其存在的原因。教學(xué)過程中，要使學(xué)生理解這種政治模式存在的必然性，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生思考如何消除這種政治模式。

AppliedReading：本文是一篇報(bào)道性文摘。通過閱讀本文，要求學(xué)生了解報(bào)道性文摘的基本內(nèi)容和語言特點(diǎn)。BasicWriting了解傳真的作用、基本內(nèi)容，掌握傳真的基本寫法。LanguageGuideGrammarFocus：掌握虛擬語氣的基本用法。WordBuilding：掌握常見的動(dòng)詞和副詞后綴。

Objectives4SectionAListening1235SectionBSpeakingSectionCReadingSectionDPracticalWritingSectionELanguageGuideHighlightsSectionAListeningTopicIntroductionWarm-upActivitiesPronunciationGuideSentencesDialoguesPassage

我們似乎總是在和時(shí)間賽跑！平時(shí)要看日程表，出行要查看時(shí)刻表；學(xué)生上課有課程表(schooltimetable)，職員上班有工作計(jì)劃(officeschedule)，工人生產(chǎn)有生產(chǎn)進(jìn)度(productionschedule)。在這個(gè)快節(jié)奏的時(shí)代，我們崇尚一切按照預(yù)定計(jì)劃辦事，而且只能提前(aheadofschedule)，不能推后(behindschedule)。MyGod!考試又來了，得趕快在考前做個(gè)復(fù)習(xí)日程表，最好再制訂個(gè)詳細(xì)的時(shí)間表！TopicIntroduction1.shift2.docket3.timebudget4.agenda5.chronology6.calendar7.break8.downtimeWarm-upActivitiesGroup1

SheisworkingforherdoublemajorinEnglishandeconomics.2.Heputtheinsectonthepalmofhishand.3.Shetiedanapronaroundherwaist.4.Alargeproportionoftheearth’ssurfaceiscoveredwithwater.5.Thewashingmachineseemstohavebrokendownagain.PronunciationGuide1.(dou-ble)2.(in-sect)3.(a-pron)4.(sur-face)5.(ma-chine)Group21.Adigitalcameradoesnotusetraditionalfilm.2.Lightandmatterrepresentdifferentformsofenergy.3.Icannotgiveatsecondhandanyimpressionofhisvivaciousdelivery.4.Theiractiontendstoraisethefuturepricetomorereasonable

level.5.Theviruscausedthecomputertobreakdown.1.(dig-it-al,tra-di-tion-al)2.(en-er-gy)3.(sec-ond)4.(lev-el)5.(vi-rus,com-put-er)Group3

Drinkingwashisruin.2.He’salreadymappedouthiswholefuturecareer.3.Hiswritingsareveryplain,entirelydevoidofanyliteraryornament.4.Thesunseemstobethemostpromisingsourceforthefuture.5.Theflierisflyinganew-typejetplaneontrial.(ru-in)2.(ca-reer)3.(plain,de-void)4.(source)5.(fli-er,tri-al)

音節(jié)的劃分

音節(jié)是最小的讀音單位。元音是構(gòu)成音節(jié)的主體，多數(shù)音節(jié)由一個(gè)元音，或一個(gè)元音和一個(gè)或幾個(gè)輔音結(jié)合構(gòu)成。劃分音節(jié)時(shí)，輔音是分界線，基本方法如下：

(V=vowel，C=consonant)VC/CV：兩個(gè)元音字母之間有兩個(gè)輔音字母時(shí)，輔音字母通常分別歸于前后音節(jié)，如win-dow,let-ter；但th,sh,ch,tch,ck等字母組合或cr,pr,bl,fl等輔音連綴不能拆分，如fa-ther,A-pril；le結(jié)尾的單詞在其前的輔音字母前劃分音節(jié)，如ta-ble,ket-tle。

V/CV：兩個(gè)元音字母之間有一個(gè)輔音字母時(shí)，如果前一個(gè)元音字母發(fā)長音或雙元音，或者單詞帶有以元音字母結(jié)尾的前綴，則輔音字母通常歸于后一音節(jié)，如e-ven,la-bor,pre-dict。

VC/V：兩個(gè)元音字母之間有一個(gè)輔音字母時(shí)，如果前一個(gè)元音字母發(fā)短音，則輔音字母通常歸前一音節(jié)，如min-ute；但是以el結(jié)尾的單詞，無論其前面的元音是否發(fā)短音，通常在其前劃分音節(jié)，如trav-el,reb-el。

V/V：兩個(gè)元音字母分別發(fā)兩個(gè)元音時(shí)，分屬前后音節(jié)，如ra-di-o,re-act；兩個(gè)元音字母只發(fā)一個(gè)音時(shí)則不能拆分，如en-gi-neer。1.IsthereaflighttoNewYorkonTuesday?A.Yes,thereisadirectflight.2.WhenwillyouarriveinBeijing?

A.OnMondaymorning.3.Whenareyouavailable?B.Pleaseletmecheckmyschedule.4.What’syourschedulefortoday?B.I’mattendingaparty.5.Whatifmyprojectisbehindschedule?A.Reschedulingisallowed.SentencesDialoguesNewWordsmarketingmanager

營銷經(jīng)理fit

vt.使與……一致WorldExpo世界博覽會(huì)generalmanager總經(jīng)理

engagement

n.預(yù)約，約會(huì)Dialogue1W:I’mafraidwe’rereallybusythisweek,Mr.Wang.I’djustliketodelayourmeetingtonextweek.M:Well,Idon’tlikeit,butIguessIdon’thaveanychoice.W:HowaboutTuesdaymorningat10?M:OK.I’llgotoyourofficeatthattime.Q:Whatcanweinferfromthedialogue?Dialogue2M:Areyoubusytoday?W:Yes.I’llattendasalesmeetingat9inthemorning.At2pmI’mseeingMr.Smith,themarketingmanager.AndthenIhavetodiscussourconstructionprojectwiththegeneralmanagerat4.M:Yourbosskeepsyoubusyasabee!Q:Whenwillthewomanmeetthemarketingmanager?ScriptDialogue3W:Mr.William,thisisChristinawithABCCorp.Iwanttoknow,whenmayIintroduceournewproductstoyou?M:Letmecheckmyschedule.Well,itlookslikeIhavesometimeonThursday.HowaboutmeetingforlunchonThursday?W:Thatworksforme.Seeyouthen.Q:Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?Dialogue4M:Excuseme.I’dliketomakeanappointmentwithDr.Smith.Canyoufitmeintohisschedule?W:Sorry,thewholemorningisbookedup,butheisfreethisafternoon.Isthatallrightwithyou?M:Well,I’llhaveanotherengagementthisafternoon.Howabout11onFridaymorning?W:Letmesee.OK.Dr.Smithisavailablethen.Q:WhenwillthemanmeetDr.Smith?Dialogue5W:Hi,Mark.What’syourplanforthisNationalDayholiday?M:I’mgoingtoShanghai.ImissthefriendsthereandIamkeentogototheWorldExpo.W:Howinteresting!Iguessyourfriendswillarrangeyourtripthere.M:Yes.OnOctober1st,oneofmyfriendswillpanymetotheWorldExpo.Andwe’llmeetsomeotherfriendsthenextday.ThenIwillspendtherestofthedaysgoingshoppingandhavingalookattheotherscenicspots.Q:WhatwillthemandoonOctober2nd?1.A.Thetwospeakerswillmeetnextweek.2.C.At2pm.3.D.C.Tointroducenewproductstotheman.4.A.OnFridaymorning.5.C.Meetsomefriends.1.haveanychoice2.asabee3.check4.appointment,fit5.amkeentoAnswersPassageNewWordscrawl

vi.爬identify

vt.確認(rèn)rhythm

n.規(guī)律，節(jié)律set

adj.固定的priority

n.優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)guideline

n.

參考absolutelyadv.絕對(duì)地

Adailyschedulewillhelpyouplaneverypartofyourday,fromthemomentyouwakeuptothemomentyoucrawlintobedatnight.Thereisnosetwaytomakeaschedule.What’sprovidedherearegeneralguidelines.First,makealistofallthethingsyouneedtodo,fromtakingashowertodoinghomeworkandafterschoolactivities.Second,identifyyourpriorities.Selectfourorfivethingsthatyouabsolutelymustdo.Third,determinetheotherpriorities.Rankthemfromthemostimportantonetotheleastimportantoneandplacetheminyourschedulewheretheyfit.Atlast,identifywhenyoushouldgotosleep,includingtheformofanap.Getintoaregularsleepingrhythmandwakeupatthesametimeallthetime.Youwillbeabletotakecontrolofyourtimebyfollowingtheabovesteps.Script1.Guidelinesformakingadailyschedule.2.Four.1.F

2.T

3.F1.wakeup,crawlintobed2.priorities,mustdo3.wheretheyfit4.regular,rhythmAnswersSectionBSpeaking

SituationalDialogues

HumorousStoryEasyLearningSituationalDialoguesdelivery

n.遞送shipment

n.運(yùn)輸troublesome

adj.令人煩惱的eligible

adj.有資格的NewWordsandPhrasesDialogue1Notes1.I’mconcernedaboutthedelayswe’reexperiencingwithsomeofoursuppliers.我很擔(dān)心我們面臨著供應(yīng)商不能及時(shí)供貨的問題。2.We’redoingeverythingtogetbackonschedule.我們?cè)诒M可能地趕進(jìn)度。3.Theattachedscheduleinthecontractgivesdetailsoftheshipment.合同的附錄中明確列有運(yùn)輸?shù)募?xì)節(jié)。Activities(E=Eric,M=Mary)E:Mary,canItalkwithyou?M:WhatcanIdoforyou,Eric?E:I’mworriedthatourmanufacturercan’tprovideenoughgoodstousontime.M:We’redoingeverythingtogetbackonschedule.E:Couldyougivemeanapproximatetime?M:I’mnotsure.Maybetwoorthreedayslate.E:That’snotgood.Theattachedscheduleinthecontractgivesdetailsoftheshipment.Wecan’tmakeexcusestoourclients.M:Unfortunately,thistimeofyearisoftentroublesome.Themanufacturersareoftenshortofmaterials.Andthereareweatherdelaysandshipmentdelays.E:Thescheduledoesn’tleaveusenoughtime!M:Weneedtonegotiatewiththeclientsforrescheduling.Consideringtheinconveniencewemightcausetothem,wecanoffergoodstothemata5%discount.traineen.實(shí)習(xí)生figureout弄清楚management

n.管理部門probation

n.試用期allot

vt.分配subtract

vt.減去seniority

n.資歷slot

n.位置，機(jī)會(huì)NewWordsandPhrasesDialogue2Notes1.Youhaveapoint.你說的很有道理。2.Solet’sleaveschedulingthetraineesuntilwehavescheduledthepart-timers.那么我們先安排兼職人員再安排實(shí)習(xí)生。(C=Chris,S=secretary)C:Ithinkwecandrawupascheduleaboutthevisit.Minoralterationscanbemadelateron,ifyouthinkitnecessary.S:Whenarrangingtheschedule,pleaseseetoitthatthereisenoughtimeforbusinesstalks.C:Certainly.WhenwillyouarriveinBeijing?Transportationfromairporttohotelwillbeprovidedforalldelegatesbyourcompany.S:Thanks.We’retakingflightNo.71onJuly25th,ThursdayandwearesupposedtoarriveattheCapitalAirportat9amthenextday.WewillstayinBeijingfortwodays,departingfromtheCapitalAirportat8pm.C:OK.Ourgeneralmanagerwillmeetyouattheairport.Wewillarrangeforacartopickyouupat9:00andyourmodationisarrangedinJingshanHotel.S:Thankyou.What’sthescheduleforFriday?C:At10:30,youwillbetakentomeetourpresidentandvisitourheadquarters.S:Whatfortheafternoon?C:Enjoylunchat12:00first.Afterlunch,thedelegationwillmeetwiththeexecutivesandreceivebackgroundbriefingsonourclientsandproducts.At4:00weheadtotheCenterofProductionExamination.Thenextistheevening—tourthecityofBeijing.ActivitiesS:Oh,it’stootight!Ithinkithadbetterbeafreenighttodineandrelax.C:OK.Wecanbeflexibleandgoanothertime.WhataboutonSundaymorning?S:That’sOK.Theafternoonshouldbethetimeoftalksaboutthedetailsofthecontract.C:OK.At6:00,celebratethesigningofthecontractatafarewelldinnerinourcompanyhall.Then,acarwillbearrangedtotakeyoutotheairportat7:00.ActivitiesHumorousStoryActivitiesI.1.Whydidthetwocollegeseniorsaskforonemoredaytostudy?

Becausetheywenttoapartyanddidn’tpreparefortheexam.2.Didtheprofessorbelievethatthetwocollegeseniorshadaflattire?

No,hedidn’t.WhichTire?ActivitiesII.Keywords:collegesenior,exam,study,party,professor,breakdown,flattire,onemoreday,separaterooms,5points,atom,easy,95points,whichtireSuggestedanswer:Twocollegestudentswenttoapartyinsteadofpreparingtheiringexam.Thenextday,theysaidthattheircarhadbrokendownthepreviousnightduetoaflattire.Theprofessorgavethemonemoredaytostudy.Thefollowingday,theywereaskedtotaketheirexaminseparaterooms,andthepaperhadonlytwoquestions.Thefirstquestionwaseasyandtheyfelttheywouldpasstheexamwithease.Then,theysawtheotherquestion,“For95points,whichtire?”①way②sense③remind④fulfilled⑤dependon⑥shadow⑦dignity⑧achieve⑨bychance⑩strengthEasyLearningGreatestLoveofAll

SectionCReadingIntensiveReadingExtensiveReadingAppliedReadingIntensiveReadingExercisesWarm-upExercises

TextVocabularyWarm-upExercises

I.

1.pistol2.pirateflag3.tricorne4.eyepatch5.parrot6.telescope7.treasuremap8.pegleg9.treasurechest10.swordPirateorVictim?

Boyahisapirate,whoquietlypursuedhistradeinthewatersofhiscoastalhometownofEyl,yearsbeforeitgalvanisedtheworld’simaginationasSomalia’sinfamous“piratehaven”.Hisstoryistypicalofmanywhohaveturnedtopiracysincetheonsetofthecivilwar.Fourteenyearsago,hewasstillworkingasalobsterdiverinEyl—“oneofthebest”,hesays.However,afterthesereefsoffEylhavebeendevastated,accordingtohim,therearenolongerlobsterstobefoundlocally.Thereareabout500piratesoperatinginthearea,overwhomheservesas“chairman”.Eyl’spirategroupsfunctionasalooseconfederation,andBoyahisakeyorganiser,recruiterandfinancier.VocabularyStructureNotesTextWhenaskedwherehismenhaveobtainedtheirtraining,herespondsthatitcomes“fromfamine”.Thisisn’tthewholetruth.Beginningin1999,thegovernmentofPuntlandlaunchedaseriesofill-fatedattemptstoestablisharegionalcoastguard,effortsthateachtimeendedwiththedissolutionofthecontractingcompanyandthedismissalofitsemployees.ThenewgenerationofSomalipirates—bettertrained,moreefficientlyorganisedandpossessingsuperiorequipment—canbetracedinparttothesefailedexperiments.Theyputtheinternationalcommunityunderpressure.VocabularyStructureNotes

Theinternationalcommunityisnowtakingpiracymoreseriously.ButamilitarysolutionaloneisincapableofcompletelygettingridofpiracyofftheSomalicoast.Boyah’smenhavebeencapturedorkilledwithincreasingfrequency,yetimprisoningthemisalmostuseless:foreachpiratecaptured,therearedozensofyoungmendesperatetoreplacethem.“We’renotmurderers,”hesays.“Forcealonecannotstopus,andwedon’tcareaboutdeath.”Ifthereisasolutiontotheproblem,itliesineconomicprinciples:thecost–benefitanalysisforthesemenmustbeshiftedfrompiracytomorelegitimatepursuits.Navalbattlefleetscandotheirparttoboostthe“cost”side,butwithoutthe“benefit”ofmeaningfuloccupationsonland,therewillbenopermanentresolution.VocabularyStructureNotes

Boyahmayhaveaccumulatedasmallfortune,buthowlonghiscurrentstateofaffluencewilllastisunclear—heannounceshowhehasgivenhismoneyawaytohisfriends,tothepoorandhowhedidn’tbuildahouseorahotellikemanyofhisco-workers.Whenaskedabouthisfutureplans,Boyahisevasive.“Thatisuptotheinternationalcommunity,”hesays.“Theyneedtosolvetherootofourtroubles.Wearewaitingforaction.”VocabularyStructureNotesPartParagraphMainIdea1Para.1~Para.3LikeBoyah,manypeopleinEylareforcedtoturntopiracytomakealivingbecauseofthecivilwar.2Para.4ItdescribesthecurrentsituationofthepiratesinEylandanalyzeshowtheSomalipiratesepowerful.3Para.5~Para.7ItanalyzeshowtosolvethepiracyproblemofftheSomalicoast:Applyeconomicprinciplesinsteadofonlyusingamilitarysolution.StructureTextVocabularyNotespirate

n.海盜；盜印者，盜版者pursue

vt.致力于，追求；追趕，跟蹤

pursueafter追趕coastal

adj.

靠近海岸的，沿海的galvanise

vt.

使震驚，使振奮；激勵(lì)，刺激

osth./intodoingsth.

激勵(lì)某人做某事infamous

adj.

聲名狼藉的typicaladj.

典型的，有代表性的；一貫的，平常的onset

n.

開端，肇始(尤指不快的事件)civil

adj.

國民的，平民的；民事的(非刑事的)

civilrights/liberty/law

公民權(quán)/公民自由/民法

civiliann.

平民diver

n.(通常有專用裝備的)潛水員；跳水運(yùn)動(dòng)員reef

n.

礁devastatevt.

徹底破壞，摧毀；使震驚，使極為憂傷

devastatedadj.(極度)不安的，混亂的，震驚的TextStructureNotesVocabularyNewWords

TextStructureNotesoperatevi.

經(jīng)營；動(dòng)手術(shù)

vt.

操作，控制

operationn.

經(jīng)營；操作；手術(shù)loose

adj.

組織不嚴(yán)密的；未固定牢的

hang/stayloose

保持鎮(zhèn)靜，不著急

havealoosetongue(尤指對(duì)隱私)多嘴，饒舌

letloose

不受控制，自在發(fā)生confederation

n.

聯(lián)合體，聯(lián)盟recruiter

n.

征兵人員，招聘人員obtain

vt.(尤指經(jīng)努力)獲得，贏得

obtainableadj.

可獲得，可得到respond

vt.&vi.

回答，回應(yīng)

vi.

響應(yīng)，作出反應(yīng)

respondto

回答，回應(yīng)

responsen.

回答，答復(fù)faminen.

饑荒launch

vt.

發(fā)起，發(fā)動(dòng)(尤指有組織的活動(dòng))；使(船)下水；發(fā)射

launchintosth.

開始做，投入

aunchout(intosth.)

開始從事，投身于(新的、尤指更令人興奮的事業(yè))TextStructureNotesseries

n.一系列，連續(xù)，接連

aseriesof一系列……ill-fated

adj.時(shí)運(yùn)不濟(jì)的，注定要倒霉的attempt

n.嘗試，企圖，試圖

attemptvt.&vi.嘗試，試圖

attempttodosth.嘗試做某事coastguard

n.海岸警衛(wèi)隊(duì)dissolution

n.解體，分裂contract

vi.

訂立……的合同(或契約)

vt.

與……訂立合同(或契約)

contractin(tosth.)

訂約參與

contractout(ofsth.)

訂約不參與，退出（或不參加）……合約

contractsth.out(tosb.)

訂約把……承包出去dismissal

n.

解雇，開除generationn.

一代人organisevt.

規(guī)劃，管理；組織possess

vt.

擁有，有

possessionn.

擁有；個(gè)人財(cái)產(chǎn)，私人物品TextStructureNotessuperior

adj.(在品質(zhì)上)更好的；占優(yōu)勢(shì)；(在級(jí)別、重要性或位置上)更高的

superiorto優(yōu)于trace

vt.

追究，追溯；發(fā)現(xiàn)，追蹤

n.

痕跡，蹤跡pressure

n.

強(qiáng)迫，呼吁，催促；壓力

putpressureonsb.(todosth.)強(qiáng)迫，促使，勸說military

adj.

軍事的，軍隊(duì)的incapable

adj.

沒有能力(做某事)beincapableof沒有做……的能力capture

vt.

俘獲，捕獲；用武力奪取，攻占

capturevt.

引起

captureone’sattention

引起某人的注意frequency

n.

頻繁；出現(xiàn)率，發(fā)生率

frequentadj.

頻繁的imprison

vt.

監(jiān)禁，關(guān)押desperate

adj.

極想，渴望

bedesperatetodosth.

極想做某事legitimate

adj.

合法的，法律認(rèn)可的TextStructureNotespursuit

n.事業(yè)；追捕，跟蹤

inpursuitof

追趕，追蹤naval

adj.

海軍的

navyn.

海軍battle

n.

戰(zhàn)役，戰(zhàn)斗

vi.

奮斗，搏斗，斗爭

dobattle(withsb.)(oversth.)(同某人就某事)進(jìn)行斗爭或辯論

halfthebattle(完成某事的)關(guān)鍵，最艱難的階段boost

vt.

使增長，使興旺

n.

增長，提高

boostern.

幫助(激勵(lì)、改善)……的事物meaningful

adj.

意義明顯的；意味深長的occupationn.

職業(yè)；占領(lǐng)；占領(lǐng)期

occupationaladj.

職業(yè)的resolution

n.(問題、紛爭等的)解決，消除；堅(jiān)定，有決心TextStructureNotesaccumulate

vt.

積聚，積累

vi.(數(shù)量)逐漸增加，(質(zhì)量)漸漸提高

accumulationn.

積累，積聚，堆積affluence

n.

富裕，富足

affluentadj.富裕的announce

vt.

宣稱；宣布(決定、計(jì)劃等)

announcesth.tosb.

向某人宣布某事

announcementn.(一項(xiàng))公告，布告；(指行動(dòng))宣布，宣告evasive

adj.

回避提問的，推托的

takeevasiveaction

采取回避行動(dòng)(以避免危險(xiǎn)或不愉快)turnto

向……求助(或?qū)で笾附痰?accordingto

據(jù)(……所說)，按(……所報(bào)道)inpart

在某種程度上，部分地underpressure

承受著(急于完成某事的)壓力；被迫getridof

擺脫，丟棄，扔掉liein(思想、特征、問題等)存在，在于TextStructureNotes

PhrasesandExpressions

Notes

1.ThenewgenerationofSomalipirates—bettertrained,moreefficientlyorganisedandpossessingsuperiorequipment—canbetracedinparttothesefailedexperiments.新一代索馬里海盜受過更好的訓(xùn)練，更有組織性，設(shè)備也更精良——這種變化部分源自先前失敗的嘗試。

兩個(gè)破折號(hào)中間的三個(gè)并列分詞做后置定語，修飾名詞短語thenewgenerationofSomalipirates。其中，train和organise與其所修飾的名詞短語是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過去分詞；possess與其所修飾的名詞短語是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞。

e.g.1)Thisisthebestfilmeverproducedbythecompany.這是那個(gè)公司有史以來拍攝得最好的一部電影。

2)Thosesupportingtheproposalareexpectedtodiscussitindetailafterthemeeting.支持這個(gè)提案的人最好是在會(huì)后再具體討論它。TextStructureVocabularyNotes

2....yetimprisoningthemisalmostuseless:foreachpiratecaptured,therearedozensofyoungmendesperatetoreplacethem.……然而，關(guān)押他們幾乎無濟(jì)于事，因?yàn)橐粋€(gè)海盜被抓了，會(huì)有許多年輕人迫切地去替代他們。

動(dòng)名詞短語imprisoningthem在句中做主語。動(dòng)名詞做主語時(shí)通常表示抽象和泛指的動(dòng)作，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。

e.g.1)Fishinggivespeopleagoodchancetothinkthingsover.釣魚可以給人一個(gè)細(xì)細(xì)考慮問題的好機(jī)會(huì)。

2)ReadingEnglishaloudinthemorningwilldoyoualotofgood.早晨大聲朗讀英文會(huì)給你帶來許多好處。TextStructureVocabularyReadingComprehensionI.①turnedto②civilwar③training④true⑤employees⑥efficientlyorganised⑦pressure⑧rootT、F、T、T、F、FIII.1.Boyahthinksthatitisnottheirfaulttobepiratesandtheyareforcedtoepirates.Andhethinksthatforcealonecannotstopthemanditistheresponsibilityoftheinternationalcommunitytotakeactiontosolvetherootoftheirtroubles.2.Besidesarmedforces,theauthorsuggestsusingeconomicprinciples:increasethecostofbeingapirate,andprovidebetteralternativeoccupationsonlandatthesametime.Exercisesannounce宣布(決定、計(jì)劃等)：多指把人們關(guān)心或感興趣的事正式公布于眾。e.g.1)Heannouncedhisretirementfromtheinternationalfootball.2)Twohundredredundancieswereannouncedintheshipyards.declare公布，宣告：經(jīng)常用于正式場合，側(cè)重指清楚、有力、公開地讓人知道。e.g.1)Thejurydeclaredthatthemanwasinnocent.2)SpaindeclaredwaronBritainin1796.claim宣稱，聲稱：常用于發(fā)表個(gè)人意見，主觀意味較強(qiáng)。e.g.1)SheclaimstobeasgoodasingerasDomingo!2)Heclaimedthathecoulddivinethefuture.state陳述，聲明，說明：通常指用明確的語言或文字著重地?cái)⑹鍪聦?shí)。e.g.1)Peoplewillbeinvitedtostatetheirviews.2)Judgesmustgivebothsidesanequalopportunitytostatetheircase.VocabularyPracticeI.1.claimed2.announce3.declared4.claimed5.declared6.stated7.announced8.statedII.1.frequency2.resolution3.battle4.occupation5.obtain6.desperate7.loose8.capturedIII.1.

liesin2.Accordingto3.turnto4.upto5.getridof6.inpartExercisesI.1.Thispaintingistypicalofhisearlywork.2.Everyonerespondedactivelytothemanager’ssuggestion.3.Heattemptedtogetintouchwiththem,butwithoutsuccess.4.Hechangedhismindunderthepressurefromothers.5.Themayorannouncedthecomingofthecoldwavetothepublic.II.1.D2.A3.D4.CTranslationTrainingPartParagraphMainIdea1Para.1Porkbarrelpoliticsispervasive.2Para.2~Para.3Itintroduceswhatisporkbarrelpoliticsandanalyzeswhyitispervasive.3Para.4~Para.5Theauthorthinksitisfavorabletogetridofthisphenomenon.ExtensiveReadingStructure

StopPorkBarrelPoliticsExercises1.

B2.D3.A4.A5.BAppliedReadingNotes

Significantdifferencesinlevelsofbeliefingiftednesswerealsofoundamongstudentswhodifferedintheirperceptionsofthemostimportantpurposeforwriting,withstudentswhoidentifiedto“expressyourownfeelingsaboutsomething”asthemostimportantpurposeforwritinghavingthehighestmeanlevelofbeliefingiftedness.研究還發(fā)現(xiàn)，對(duì)寫作最重要的目的有不同認(rèn)識(shí)的學(xué)生，對(duì)天賦能力的相信程度也大為不同；認(rèn)為“表達(dá)自己對(duì)某事的感想”是最重要的寫作目的的學(xué)生，對(duì)天賦能力的平均相信程度最高。InformativeAbstractExercises1.Daly,Millerandtheircolleagues.2.Writingapprehensionisrelatedtomanyfactors,includingthebeliefthatwritingabilityisagift.3.247.

4.Thehigherone’sbeliefingiftednessis,thelowerhisself-assessmentofwritingabilityis.5.Thebeliefingiftednessmayhaveharmfuleffectsonstudentwriters.SectionDPracticalWritingFaxFax

傳真是通過傳真機(jī)傳遞的信函，大多為業(yè)務(wù)信函。傳真可以傳遞文字、數(shù)據(jù)、圖表、簽名、手跡、印章等，在商務(wù)往來中具有特殊的應(yīng)用價(jià)值。

一、傳真的基本內(nèi)容

傳真一般包括傳真文頭、稱呼、正文、結(jié)尾禮詞、簽名、附件等。除了傳真文頭外，傳真的其余部分與普通信函的內(nèi)容一致。傳真文頭，亦稱信頭、題頭，通常包含標(biāo)題、接收和發(fā)送傳真公司的相關(guān)信息、主題(事由)、傳真日期、傳真號(hào)、傳真頁數(shù)和頁碼、抄送等。

二、傳真的基本格式

常見的傳真文頭的格式：接收傳真公司的相關(guān)信息在標(biāo)題下左方由上至下依次排列；發(fā)送傳真公司的相關(guān)信息在標(biāo)題下右方從上至下依次排列；主題(事由)、傳真日期、傳真號(hào)、傳真頁數(shù)和頁碼、抄送等在接、發(fā)雙方有關(guān)信息之下。

三、邀請(qǐng)函及回函中的常用表達(dá)(Unit5,Unit6)

I.

傳真

收件人：趙賈森

發(fā)件人：王莉莉

ABC有限公司

XYZ有限公司

傳真：12345678

傳真：87654321

電話：12345678

電話：87654321

頁數(shù)：1

日期：2010年10月5日

事由：關(guān)于信用證

抄送：瑪麗·D

尊敬的賈森：

感謝你方今日傳真的訂單。

我方在提供的產(chǎn)品目錄中提到過，在接到信用證5日之內(nèi)，將安排裝運(yùn)。每

種貨物的價(jià)格本月底前將保持不變，這一條件在產(chǎn)品目錄中也有提及。因

此，如果貴方?jīng)]有及時(shí)開立信用證，我方將不得不采用新的報(bào)價(jià)。

期盼貴方的信用證及時(shí)到達(dá)。您忠實(shí)的，王莉莉ExercisesII.FABeijingForeignStudiesUniversityX

To:Prof.Smith,ColumbiaUniversityFrom:WuDongFax:-4456Fax:086-Phone:-4458Phone:086-Page(s):1Date:Dec.4,2009DearProf.Smith:IamgreatlyhonoredtoformallyinviteyoutoouruniversitytogiveaspeechonguidesforChinesestudentstostudyintheUS.ThespeechwillbeheldonDec.12,2009.Awaitingyourearlyreply.Bestwishes!WuDongSectionELanguageGuideGrammarFocusWordBuildingThefollowingaresentenceswithverbsinsubjunctivemood.Comparetheverbsandfndouttheirdifferences.IfIwereyou,Iwouldtrymybesttograspthechance.Ifyouhadn’thelpedus,wewouldn’thavefinishedthetaskaheadoftime.Ifweweretohaveenoughtime,wewoulddothisexperimentonceagain.FindingFeaturesGrammarFocusSubjunctiveMoodKnowingtheGrammar

虛擬語氣是動(dòng)詞的一種特殊形式，用來表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)不是客觀存在的事實(shí)，而是說話人的主觀愿望、假設(shè)、建議、請(qǐng)求或推測等。一、虛擬語氣用于條件句中條件句有兩類，一類是真實(shí)條件句，一類是非真實(shí)(虛擬)條件句。如果假設(shè)的是事實(shí)或可能性很大時(shí)，是真實(shí)條件句。如果假設(shè)的情況是過去或現(xiàn)在都不存在的，或?qū)聿淮罂赡馨l(fā)生的，則是非真實(shí)(虛擬)條件句。

虛擬語氣用于條件句時(shí)需要注意的問題

(1)當(dāng)虛擬條件句的謂語動(dòng)詞含有were,

should,had時(shí)，可將if省略，而將were,should,had等詞置于句首。例如：

WereItenyearsyounger,Iwouldworkharder.要是我再年輕十歲的話，我會(huì)更努力地學(xué)習(xí)。

Hadshelearntaboutcomputers,wewouldhavehiredhertoworkhere.如果她懂一些電腦知識(shí)的話，我們?cè)缫呀?jīng)聘用她來這里工作了。

(2)當(dāng)虛