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不定式不定式的作用十分廣泛,可以作除了謂語以外的任何成分,包括主語(8BU6),賓語(8AU5;邏輯賓語9AU1),補語(8AU6),定語,狀語(目的狀語8AU6;結(jié)果狀語8BU5)。主要集中在8AU5U6,8BU5U6中。在11-20年淮安中考的小題中,出現(xiàn)的有不定式作邏輯賓語,目的狀語和結(jié)果狀語三個點,其中目的狀語最??迹矣袝r候會和定從一起考察。江蘇其他市會考其他的點。一不定式作主語不定式可以作主語Tofindabestfriendisdifficultforeveryone.但更多的時候是作邏輯主語:Itisadj.todo.做某事是,,,的Itisadj.forsbtodo.對某人來說做某事是,,,的Itisnecessaryformetohelphim.Itisadj.ofsbtodo.某人做某事,是,,,的Itiscleverofhimtosolvetheproblem.他解決了這個問題,真聰明。Ittakessbtimetodosth.花費某人時間做某事。=Sbspendstime(in)doingsth/onsth/withsb.二、不定式作賓語動詞不定式可以在下列動詞后作賓語like,want,wish,hope,wouldlike,agree,choose,decide,learn,plan,prepare,promise,remember,manage(設(shè)法成功做某事)forget,refuseSeem有些動詞的后面能跟動名詞做賓語,有些動詞能跟不定式,有些兩者都可以,但它們的具體含義不一樣。=1\*GB3①remember,forget,后面跟動名詞時,動名詞表示過去的動作,后面跟不定式時,不定式表示還沒做的動作。rememberdoing記得做過……remembertodo記得要去做……Iremembermeetinghiminthestreet.我記得在街上見過他。Iremembertowritealettertomyparents.我記得要給我父母寫信。Forgettodosth忘記去做某事,還沒做Forgetdoingsth忘記做了某事,已經(jīng)做了=2\*GB3②trydoing嘗試做……trytodo努力做……Itrieddoingitagain.我試著又做了一次。Itriednottogothere.我設(shè)法不去那里。=3\*GB3③goondoingsth繼續(xù)做某事(同一件事);goontodosth繼續(xù)做某事(不是同一件事),Let’sgoonsinging.讓我們繼續(xù)唱歌。(本來在唱歌)Let’sgoontodosomeexercises.讓我們繼續(xù)做些練習(xí)。(本來在做別的,現(xiàn)在開始做練習(xí))=4\*GB3④stopdoingsth停下正在做的事stoptodosth停下正在做的事去做另一件事不定式還可以作邏輯賓語,常用于think/finditadj.todosth課堂練習(xí)11.(19蘇州中考)-Pleasestaywithmethisweekend.-I'msorry,butmyfatherandIplanned_________Beijingalongtimeago.A.visit B.visiting C.tovisit D.visited2.(20蘇州中考).Thedoctorsandnursesmanaged_________thelivesofpatients,thoughtheydidn’thaveenoughmedicine.save B.saving C.tosave D.tosaving3.(19揚州中考)—Daniel,doyouknowthatbeesnevergetlost.—Yes,Beesalwaysremember_____ebackB.camebackC.comingbackD.tocomeback4.(20南京中考)It’spopular______(hire)aboatandrowontheXuanwuLake.5.(19揚州中考)Ifthegoldensunshouldstop______itslight,justonesmilefromyouwouldmakemywholeworldbright.(shine)6.(20宿遷中考)Iwouldlike(invite)youtomybirthdayparty.不定式作補語不定式作賓補接不定式作賓補的通常有感官動詞和使役動詞等1感官動詞感官動詞后接光禿不定式See/hear/feel/watch/noticesbdosth辨析:除了感官動詞sbdosth,還有感官動詞+sbdoingsth,以see為例,Seesbdosth表示經(jīng)??吹侥橙俗瞿呈拢╫ftenseesbdosth)或者某人做某事的全程(seesbgoout)Seesbdoingsth表示看到某人正在做某事2使役動詞(表示使令讓幫叫意義的詞)Help(幫助)后不定式可加可不加to,不加更常見helpsb(to)dosth幫助某人做某事let,make,have(讓)不要帶tolet/make/havesbdosth讓某人做某事(have/makesbdo&have/makesthdone前者使某人做某事,表主動,后者使某事被做,表被動)其他使役動詞要加to,包括tell/order(命令),get(讓),love(喜歡讓)/hate(不愿讓)sbtodosth例題:(18淮安中考)15.Heexplainedagainandagaininordertomakewhathedid.understandB.understoodC.tounderstandD.Understanding3其他詞都要加to(為了方便記憶,加to的可以加一個去字)ask(要求,請求),invite(邀請),allow,want,wish,encourage,advise,warnsbtodosth不定式作主語補足語如果把makesbdosth中的賓語提前,改為被動語態(tài),sbismadetodosth,此時不定式作主語補足語(注意:此時光禿不定式要補上to)例題:(19常州中考).Passengersarenotallowed_____________(eat)ordrinkwhentheytaketheunderground.四、動詞不定式作定語ThelivingroomisthebestplacetochatandwatchTV.客廳是聊天和看電視的最好的地方。It’sagoodplacetogrowrice.awonderfulplacetolive(in/at)thebest/agoodplace/timetodo(sth)(in/at)合成不定代詞(something/anything/....)todo課堂練習(xí)21.(18宿遷中考)MissWhiteoftenhasus____(tell)interestingstoriesinherEnglishclass.2.(20常州中考)DidErichavehishomework_________(finish)before9o’clocklastnight?3.(19宿遷中考)Literaturehelpsusthinkandencouragesus___________(open)ourminds.4.(19鎮(zhèn)江中考)Tomysurprise,Daniel'sparentsallowedhim___________ShanghaiDisneylandwithme. A.tovisit B.visiting C.visit D.visits5.(20常州中考).—Wereyourequired___________homeduringtheoutbreakofCOVID-19?—Yes.Luckily,theInternetmadeitpossibleformanyofus________fromhome.A.tostay;towork B.staying;towork C.tostay;work D.staying;work五、不定式作目的狀語此時,不定式可以放在句末,也可以放在句首Hestoppedtoasktheway.Todogoodwork,onemusthavethepropertools.如果要對目的加以強調(diào),會在to前加inorder.例題:(19無錫中考)_____________(realize)hislifelongdream,theyoungmanwenttotheHollywoodbyhimself,withonlyafewdollarsinhispocket.拓展:不定式還可能和定從結(jié)合起來考察不定式作目的狀語+定從干擾(定語從句作干擾項)(18淮安中考)Hetriedallthewayshecouldthinkof(protect)himselfagainstallpossibledangers.定從不定式(不定式作目的狀語)六、不定式作結(jié)果狀語——Enoughto和too...to1.be(not)adj.enoughtodo用來表述一個人的性格和能力,意思是,足夠/不夠,,,,因此Heistallenoughtoreachthebasket.Thegirlisnotbraveenoughtogonearthedog.Betooadj.todo=benotadj.enoughtodo太。。。因此不,,,Heistootiredtogoonworking.他太累了,因此不能繼續(xù)工作。Thelittlegirlistooyoungtogotoschool.=Thelittlegirlisnotoldenoughtogotoschool.Sheistoopoortobuysuchanexpensiveblouse.=Sheis________________________________________tooadj.forsbtodo對某人來說太,,,而不,,,TheUKistoofarawayforJennytogotoonherown.(can’tbetooadj.再。。。也不為過can’tbetoocareful再細(xì)心也不為過)例題:(20淮安中考)Socialworkersinourcommunityarepatientenough_______(explain)howtoregisterHuaishangtong(注冊淮上通).課堂練習(xí)31.(20泰州中考)Moreandmoreteenagershavepooreyesight,soparentsandteachersshouldtakeactions______thesituationfromgettingworse.A.stop B.stopping C.stopped D.tostop2.(20無錫中考)Schoolsarestillclosedinsomecountries__________(stop)thespreadofthevirus.3.(18徐州中考).Asanengineer,youcan'tbecareful.Youshouldpayattentiontoeverydetail.veryB.tooC.soD.quite4.Heistoobusy_______(work)________(spend)timewithhisfamily.七、不定式的否定形式動詞不定式的否定形式nottodoTrynottobelateagainnexttime.

八、wh-todo1.在及物動詞vt.后作賓語(除了why)Milliehasdecidedwhattoread.Simonforgotwhentomeethisfriends.在雙賓動詞dv.后作直接賓語advisesbwhattodoAsksbwhattodoShowsbwhattodoTeachsbhowtodoitTellsbwhattodo在形容詞后作賓語Suzywasnotsurewhotoaskforhelp.Areyouclearwhentomeetatthegatetomorrow?在what/which/whose/howmany/howmuch后可以接名詞再接不定式,組成wh-n.todo的形式DiscusswhichcolourtopaintthewallAskyourparentshowmuchmoneytotake課堂練習(xí)41.(18宿遷中考)Squirrelsalwayslikesavingsomefoodbeforewintercomes.Buttheyforgetwhere____(find)itfromtimetotime.2.(18揚州中考)----Mr.Wuhasrecommendedmanybooks.Haveyoudecidedfirst?----Yes.TheLittlePrince.howtoreadB.whichtoreadC.whentoreadD.wheretoread不定式不定式的作用十分廣泛,可以作除了謂語以外的任何成分,包括主語(8BU6),賓語(8AU5;邏輯賓語9AU1),補語(8AU6),定語,狀語(目的狀語8AU6;結(jié)果狀語8BU5)。主要集中在8AU5U6,8BU5U6中。在11-20年淮安中考的小題中,出現(xiàn)的有不定式作邏輯賓語,目的狀語和結(jié)果狀語三個點,其中目的狀語最??迹矣袝r候會和定從一起考察。江蘇其他市會考其他的點。一不定式作主語不定式可以作主語Tofindabestfriendisdifficultforeveryone.但更多的時候是作邏輯主語:Itisadj.todo.做某事是,,,的Itisadj.forsbtodo.對某人來說做某事是,,,的Itisnecessaryformetohelphim.Itisadj.ofsbtodo.某人做某事,是,,,的Itiscleverofhimtosolvetheproblem.他解決了這個問題,真聰明。Ittakessbtimetodosth.花費某人時間做某事。=Sbspendstime(in)doingsth/onsth/withsb.二、不定式作賓語動詞不定式可以在下列動詞后作賓語like,want,wish,hope,wouldlike,agree,choose,decide,learn,plan,prepare,promise,remember,manage(設(shè)法成功做某事)forget,refuseSeem有些動詞的后面能跟動名詞做賓語,有些動詞能跟不定式,有些兩者都可以,但它們的具體含義不一樣。=1\*GB3①remember,forget,后面跟動名詞時,動名詞表示過去的動作,后面跟不定式時,不定式表示還沒做的動作。rememberdoing記得做過……remembertodo記得要去做……Iremembermeetinghiminthestreet.我記得在街上見過他。Iremembertowritealettertomyparents.我記得要給我父母寫信。Forgettodosth忘記去做某事,還沒做Forgetdoingsth忘記做了某事,已經(jīng)做了=2\*GB3②trydoing嘗試做……trytodo努力做……Itrieddoingitagain.我試著又做了一次。Itriednottogothere.我設(shè)法不去那里。=3\*GB3③goondoingsth繼續(xù)做某事(同一件事);goontodosth繼續(xù)做某事(不是同一件事),Let’sgoonsinging.讓我們繼續(xù)唱歌。(本來在唱歌)Let’sgoontodosomeexercises.讓我們繼續(xù)做些練習(xí)。(本來在做別的,現(xiàn)在開始做練習(xí))=4\*GB3④stopdoingsth停下正在做的事stoptodosth停下正在做的事去做另一件事不定式還可以作邏輯賓語,常用于think/finditadj.todosth課堂練習(xí)1C1.(19蘇州中考)-Pleasestaywithmethisweekend.-I'msorry,butmyfatherandIplanned_________Beijingalongtimeago.A.visit B.visiting C.tovisit D.visitedC2.(20蘇州中考).Thedoctorsandnursesmanaged_________thelivesofpatients,thoughtheydidn’thaveenoughmedicine.save B.saving C.tosave D.tosavingD3.(19揚州中考)—Daniel,doyouknowthatbeesnevergetlost.—Yes,Beesalwaysremember_____ebackB.camebackC.comingbackD.tocomeback4.(20南京中考)It’spopular__tohire____(hire)aboatandrowontheXuanwuLake.5.(19揚州中考)Ifthegoldensunshouldstop___shining___itslight,justonesmilefromyouwouldmakemywholeworldbright.(shine)6.(20宿遷中考)Iwouldliketoinvite(invite)youtomybirthdayparty.不定式作補語不定式作賓補接不定式作賓補的通常有感官動詞和使役動詞等1感官動詞感官動詞后接光禿不定式See/hear/feel/watch/noticesbdosth辨析:除了感官動詞sbdosth,還有感官動詞+sbdoingsth,以see為例,Seesbdosth表示經(jīng)常看到某人做某事(oftenseesbdosth)或者某人做某事的全程(seesbgoout)Seesbdoingsth表示看到某人正在做某事2使役動詞(表示使令讓幫叫意義的詞)Help(幫助)后不定式可加可不加to,不加更常見helpsb(to)dosth幫助某人做某事let,make,have(讓)不要帶tolet/make/havesbdosth讓某人做某事(have/makesbdo&have/makesthdone前者使某人做某事,表主動,后者使某事被做,表被動)其他使役動詞要加to,包括tell/order(命令),get(讓),love(喜歡讓)/hate(不愿讓)sbtodosth例題:(18淮安中考)HeexplainedagainandagaininordertomakewhathedidB.understandB.understoodC.tounderstandD.Understanding3其他詞都要加to(為了方便記憶,加to的可以加一個去字)ask(要求,請求),invite(邀請),allow,want,wish,encourage,advise,warnsbtodosth例題:不定式作主語補足語如果把makesbdosth中的賓語提前,改為被動語態(tài),sbismadetodosth,此時不定式作主語補足語(注意:此時光禿不定式要補上to)例題:(19常州中考).Passengersarenotallowed____toeat_________(eat)ordrinkwhentheytaketheunderground.四、動詞不定式作定語ThelivingroomisthebestplacetochatandwatchTV.客廳是聊天和看電視的最好的地方。It’sagoodplacetogrowrice.awonderfulplacetolive(in/at)thebest/agoodplace/timetodo(sth)(in/at)合成不定代詞(something/anything/....)todo課堂練習(xí)21.(18宿遷中考)MissWhiteoftenhasus__tell__(tell)interestingstoriesinherEnglishclass.2.(20常州中考)DidErichavehishomework___finished______(finish)before9o’clocklastnight?3.(19宿遷中考)Literaturehelpsusthinkandencouragesus___toopen________(open)ourminds.4.(19鎮(zhèn)江中考)Tomysurprise,Daniel'sparentsallowedhim___A________ShanghaiDisneylandwithme. A.tovisit B.visiting C.visit D.visits5.(20常州中考).—Wereyourequired_____A______homeduringtheoutbreakofCOVID-19?—Yes.Luckily,theInternetmadeitpossibleformanyofus________fromhome.A.tostay;towork B.staying;towork C.tostay;work D.staying;work五、不定式作目的狀語此時,不定式可以放在句末,也可以放在句首Hestoppedtoasktheway.Todogoodwork,onemusthavethepropertools.如果要對目的加以強調(diào),會在to前加inorder.例題:(19無錫中考)____Torealize_________(realize)hislifelongdream,theyoungmanwenttotheHollywoodbyhimself,withonlyafewdollarsinhispocket.拓展:不定式還可能和定從結(jié)合起來考察不定式作目的狀語+定從干擾(18淮安中考)Hetriedallthewayshecouldthinkoftoprotect(protect)himselfagainstallpossibledangers.六、不定式作結(jié)果狀語——Enoughto和too...to1.be(not)adj.enoughtodo用來表述一個人的性格和能力,意思是,足夠/不夠,,,,因此Heistallenoughtoreachthebasket.Thegirlisnotbraveenoughtogonearthedog.Betooadj.todo=benotadj.enoughtodo太。。。因此不,,,Heistootiredtogoonworking.他太累了,因此不能繼續(xù)工作。Thelittlegirlistooyoungtogotoschool.=Thelittlegirlisnotoldenoughtogotoschool.Sheistoopoortobuysuchanexpensiveblouse.=Sheis__notrichenoughtobuysuchanexpensiveblouse.tooadj.forsbtodo對某人來說太,,,而不,,,TheUKistoofarawayforJennytogotoonherown.(can’tbetooadj.再。。。也不為過can’tbetoocareful再細(xì)心也不為過)例題:(20淮安中考)Socialworkersinourcommunityarepatientenough___toexplain____(explain)howtoregisterHuaishangtong(注冊淮上通).A.veryB.quiteC.soD.too課堂練習(xí)31.(20泰州中考)

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