初中現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)講解完整版

初中現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)講解完整版Winterhasalreadycome，willitstillbefarinspring?冬天已經(jīng)來了，春天還會遠(yuǎn)嗎？2020/11/302present(now)futurepastPresentPerfectTens現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過去發(fā)生或已完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響；Ihavealreadyhadbreakfast.（我已吃過早餐，我不餓了）2.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)還表示過去某一時(shí)間已經(jīng)開始并一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在（包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)）的動作或狀態(tài)，可以和表示延續(xù)的時(shí)間狀語連用表示持續(xù)的動作或狀態(tài)的動詞多是延續(xù)性動詞。Wehavelivedherefortenyears/since10yearsago.2020/11/303主語+have/has+過去分詞（pp）助動詞,無意義

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)Winter

has

already

come，willitstillbefarinspring?2020/11/304主語+have/has+過去分詞（pp）否定形式haven’t(havenot）+過去分詞

hasn’t(hasnot)+過去分詞疑問句把助動詞have/has放在句首

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)注：主語若是第三人稱單數(shù)助動詞用has2020/11/305Youhaveplantedallthetrees.Ihaveplantedallthetrees.He/shehasplantedallthetrees.Theyhaveplantedallthetrees.

區(qū)別have和has的用法

主語若是第三人稱單數(shù)助動詞用has2020/11/3061、regularverbs規(guī)則變化（過去分詞與過去時(shí)變化規(guī)則一樣）(1)、一般動詞，在詞尾直接加“ed”。

work---worked---workedvisit---visited---visited(2)、以“e”結(jié)尾的動詞，只在詞尾加“d”。

live---lived

過去分詞(3)、以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的動詞，將“y”變?yōu)椤癷”，再加“ed”。study--studied--studiedcry—cried--cried(4)、重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，先雙寫該輔音字母，再加“ed”。

stop--stopped--stoppeddrop--dropped--dropped2020/11/3072、irregularverbs不規(guī)則變化（A-B-B）have—had—hadspend—spent—spentmake—made—madesay—said—saidfind—found—foundhear—heard—heard2020/11/3083、不規(guī)則變化（A-B-C）take—took—takenspeak—spoke—spokensing—sang—sungdrive—drove—drivenbe—was/were—beengo—went—gone2020/11/3094、不規(guī)則變化（A-A-A）cut—cut—cutput—put—putlet—let—letread—read—read2020/11/30105不規(guī)則變化(A-B-A)come–came–comebecome–became–become2020/11/30111)表示到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)完成或剛剛完成的動作。Nowwehaveplantedallthetrees.Hehasjustcomeback.Theyhavebuiltmanybuildingsinthiscity.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法2020/11/30122)表示過去發(fā)生的動作,強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果或?qū)ΜF(xiàn)在的影響。Someonehasbrokenthewindow.(窗戶現(xiàn)在是壞的)Ihavealreadylostthekey.(我現(xiàn)在沒有鑰匙)Ihaven’treadthatbookyet.(不了解書的內(nèi)容)Ihavejustcleanedmyhands.(手是干凈的)常與already(已經(jīng)),yet(已經(jīng)),just(剛剛),ever(曾經(jīng)),never,for+時(shí)間段，since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)等詞或短語連用.already:常用于肯定句中.yet:常用于否定句,疑問句尾.2020/11/30133)表示從過去開始并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)，常與包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的一段時(shí)間的狀語連用。ShehaslearnedEnglishfor5years.HehaslivedinBeijing

since5yearsago.2020/11/3014since:(自…以來)1)since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)He

has

stayed

here

since

5

o’clock.2)since+時(shí)間段+agoHe

has

stayed

here

since

5

hours

ago.3)since+從句She

has

taught

English

since

he

came

here.

for:(長達(dá)）for+時(shí)間段Hehaskeptthebookfor2weeks.since,for的用法:

Takenotes

2020/11/3015用for或since填空Mr.BrownhashadhisTV______15years.I’vetakendrivinglessons_______lastmonth.Mysisterhashadhercellphone______amonth.Myfriendshaven’tvisitedme______fewdaysago.Wehaven’tusedourcar_____alongtime.Shehasn’thadagoodcupofcoffee_____years.Tomhaswornglasses_______hewas7yearsold.forsinceforsinceforforsince2020/11/3016注：并非所有for作為時(shí)間狀語的句子都用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

搞清一般過去時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別Iworkedhereformorethantwentyyears.(我現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在這里工作了)Ihaveworkedhereformorethantwentyyears.（現(xiàn)在我仍在這里工作）疑難點(diǎn)2020/11/3017辨析havebeento和havegonetoMyfatherhasgonetoShanghaiforameeting.他（已經(jīng)）去了上海。MyfatherhasbeentoShanghaiforameeting.他（曾經(jīng)）去了上海。ShehasbeentoChina.

她（曾經(jīng)）去過中國。（人已經(jīng)回來了）havebeentosomeplace.曾經(jīng)去過某地，已經(jīng)回來．hasgonetosomeplace.某人去了某地，還沒有回來．ShehasgonetoChina.她去了上海。（人可能回來了也可能沒回來）2020/11/3018用have/hasbeento,have/hasgoneto填空：1.—Whereisyourbrother?—He____________theshop.He’llbebacksoon.2.—______youever_________toAmerica?—Yes,I___________NewYorktwice.3.—Hereyouareatlast!Where_____you_____?—I_____________London.4.—David_____________Australia.—I’msurehe’salreadyarrived.5.—IsBennyhere?—No,he__________theschoollibrary.Heleftfiveminutesago.hasgonetoHavebeentohavebeentohavebeenhavebeentohasgonetohasgoneto2020/11/30191.I____already____(see)thefilm.I________(see)itlastweek.2._____he____(finish)hisworktoday?Notyet.3.Myfather____just____(come)backfromwork.Heistirednow.4.Where’sLiMing?He__________(go)totheteacher’soffice.5.I__________(work)heresinceI______(move)herein1999.6.SofarI_______________(make)quiteafewfriendshere.7.Howlong________theWangs______________(stay)here?Fortwoweeks.8.I________just___________(finish)myhomework.2020/11/30209.He________(go)toschoolonfooteveryday.10.____you______(find)yoursciencebookyet?11.Ifit____(be)finetomorrow,I'llgowithyou.12.Thestudents____________(read)Englishwhentheteachercamein.13.Look!Themonkey__________(climb)thetree.14.Mymother__________(come)toseemenextSunday.15.I'velostmypen._________you________(see)itanywhere?2020/11/