2020年中考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)冠詞用法講解

中考英語(yǔ)冠詞用法講解考點(diǎn)1、冠詞用法冠詞的句法功能a和an的區(qū)別不定冠詞有*和an兩種形式，a用于輔音音素（不是翱音字母）開(kāi)頭的詞前，an用于元音音素（不是元音字母）開(kāi)頭的詞前。元音字母開(kāi)頭但發(fā)輔音因素用a:university,European（歐洲的,usefiil,unit,uniformanhour,anisland,anelephant,anumbiella,aneleveiveight-yeai-oldboy八個(gè)輔音字母但發(fā)元音因素用an:F,H,L,M,N,R,S,X典型例題誤］"Canyouhelpme”"SonyTminhunyn［正］""Canyouhelpme""SonyTminahurry”批注：不定冠詞主要的難點(diǎn)是用在固定詞組中，如：haveawalk/arest/alookinahunv匆匆忙忙makeaface作鬼臉dosomebodyafavour幫某人忙anumberof=manyhaveagoodtime（玩得好）haveacold（感冒）haveaheadache（頭痛）haveabreak=havearest（休息、一下）定冠詞的用法典型例題易錯(cuò)題辨析：［誤］Iboughtthedictionaiyyesterday.Adictionaryisverygood?［正］Iboughtadictionaryyesterday.Thedictionaryisverygood?批注：在文章中第一次提到某物時(shí)用不定冠詞，而第二次提到時(shí)用定冠詞。5?［誤］Pleaseturnofflightsbeforeyouleave?［正］Pleaseaimoffthelightsbeforeyouleave?批注：雖然是第一次提到某物但說(shuō)話雙方均知其所指，也應(yīng)用定冠詞。6?［誤］Thereaienineplanetsaroundasun.［正］Therearenmeplanetsaroundthesun?批注：世上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的天體等名詞前應(yīng)加定冠詞，如ktheearth,themoon,thesun,thesky、thesea.7?［誤］Iliveonasecondfloorofthisbuildmg.［正］Iliveonthesecondflooroftliisbuilding?批注：在序數(shù)詞，形容詞最高級(jí)前要用定冠詞。如Heistlieoldestmthefamily.［誤］Iwanttolearnthesecondlanguagethisterm?［正］Iwanttoleainasecondlanguagethisterm?批注：在序數(shù)詞的含意不是順序中的第一第二，而其意在于再學(xué)一個(gè)，再來(lái)一個(gè)時(shí)，應(yīng)用a,本句的意思應(yīng)為：這學(xué)期我要學(xué)一門(mén)第二外語(yǔ)。［誤］Mississippiisoneoftlielongestriversilltheworld.［正］TheMississippiisoneoftlielongestriversilltheworld?批注：在河流名稱(chēng)前應(yīng)加定冠詞，如：theYellowRiver（黃河）。［誤］Look,thereaieAlp?［誤］Look,therearetheAlp.［正］Look,therearetheAlps.批注：具體的某一座山不加定冠詞，女U：MountainTai.但在山名稱(chēng)前加定冠詞后，其山名要加s,來(lái)表示山脈otheAlps即為阿爾卑斯山脈o如kTheAlpsareinthecenterofEurope.11?［誤］Tunesisoneoftheoldestnewspapersilltheworld?［正］TheTimesisoneoftheoldestnewspapersintheworld.批注：報(bào)刊名稱(chēng)前應(yīng)加定冠詞。12?［誤］Richaienotalwayshappy.［正］Thericharenotalwayshappy.批注：在形容詞前加定冠詞表示一類(lèi)人，而在姓的前面加定冠詞，姓后加S表示某一家，如：ThetinnersaiegomgtomovetoNewYork.13.［誤］Thesunrisesineast.［正］Thesunrisesintheeast.批注：在方向、方位前應(yīng)用定冠詞，如：intheeastinthewest,illthenorth,inthesouth,illthedirection及inthepast,inthefuture?零冠詞的用法【難點(diǎn)】用與不用冠詞的差異inhospital住院/inthehospital在醫(yī)院里infrontof在……（外部的）前面/inthefrontof在……（內(nèi)部的）前面takeplace發(fā)生/taketheplace（of）代替gotoschool上學(xué)/gototheschool到學(xué)校去nextyear明年/thenextyear第二年ateacherandwriter一位教師兼作家（一人）/ateacherandawriter一位教師和一位作家（兩人）典型例題易錯(cuò)題辨析：14?［誤］Wouldyoupleasebuysomefoodforthesupper［正］Wouldyoupleasebuysomefoodforsupper批注：泛指一口三餐前無(wú)定冠詞。15?［誤］Iliketoclimbtliemountainintheautunm?［正］Iliketoclmibthemountaininautumn?批注：一年四季前不用定冠詞，女U：Springisthebestseasoninayear.［誤］Sometmiesmyparentscometoschooltoseeme.［正］Sometimesmyparentscometotheschooltoseeme.批注：有些名詞被用作其本身原來(lái)所含目的時(shí)不加冠詞，女U：gotoschool±學(xué)，leaveschool（輟學(xué)），afterschool（放學(xué)），但如果當(dāng)建筑物講時(shí)應(yīng)加冠詞，如例句中其父母來(lái)校不是上學(xué)，而是看塑孩子，則要加定冠詞。又如：Hewasinhospitalfortwodays.（ftl在醫(yī)院住院兩天了。）而：Hewenttothehospitaltoseehismother?他去醫(yī)院看塑他的母親。［誤］IwenttoNewYorkbyhisca匚［正］IwenttoNewYorkbycar.［正］IwenttoNewYorkinliiscar.批注：by僅僅與交通工具相連表示應(yīng)用某種工具，而加了別的修飾詞后其前面的介詞也應(yīng)作相應(yīng)的轉(zhuǎn)換。如:bvcai'（坐小汽車(chē)）bytaxi（坐出租車(chē)）bybike（騎自行車(chē)）bywater（乘船）byair（乘飛機(jī)）bysea（乘船）冠詞與形容詞+名詞結(jié)構(gòu)1）兩個(gè)形容詞都有冠詞，表示兩個(gè)不同東西。Heraisesablackandawhitecat.他養(yǎng)了一?只黑貓和一只白貓。Theblackandthewliitecatsaiehers.這只黑貓和白貓都是他的。2）如后一個(gè)形容詞無(wú)冠詞，則指一物。Heraisesablackandwliitecat.他養(yǎng)了一只花貓。冠詞位置1）不定冠詞位置不定冠詞常位于名詞或名詞修飾語(yǔ)前。注意：久位于下列形容詞之后：such,whatimany,halfIhaveneverseensuchananimal.Manyanianisfitforthejob.b.當(dāng)名詞前的形容詞被副詞as,so,too,how,however,enough修飾時(shí)，不定冠詞應(yīng)放在形容詞之后：

ItisaspleasantadayasIhaveeverspent.soshortatime.toolongadistance.c.quite,rather與單數(shù)名詞連用，冠詞放在其后。但當(dāng)rather,quite前仍有形容詞，不定冠詞放其前后均可。如：quitealot2）定冠詞位置定冠詞通常位于名詞或名詞修飾語(yǔ)前，但放在all，both,double,half,twice,tlueetimes等詞之后，名詞之前。Alltliestudentsilltheclasswentout.班里的所有學(xué)生都出去了。［誤］Marybegantolearnhowtoplaypianowhenshewastluee?［正］Marybegantolearnhowtoplaythepianowhenshewastluee.批注：在樂(lè)器前要加定冠詞，而在球類(lèi)游戲之前則不要加冠詞，如：Theyliketoplaybridgewhentheyarefiee.（他們空閑時(shí)愛(ài)打橋牌）批注：以上內(nèi)容總結(jié)為速記II訣：名詞是禿子，常要戴帽子?？蓴?shù)名詞單，須用a或an。輔音前用a,an在原音前。若為特指時(shí)，則須用定冠。復(fù)數(shù)不可數(shù)，泛指the不見(jiàn)。碰到代詞時(shí)，定冠均不見(jiàn)。強(qiáng)化練習(xí)Therewillbeinterviewbetweenthemanagerandliisassistantsthisafternoon..A.anB.aC.theD./LittleTonyishonestboy.Henevertellslies.A.aB.ailC./D.thePleasestayfordnmer.Itwillbereadyinhalfhour.A.aB.anC.theD./Canyouseeone-eyedcowiiifield?A.,an,tlieB..a,tlieC../,theD.?a,aA:Whichgillisyourdaughter,Ivlr.Wliite?B:Oh.look,thatlittleoneinred.A.aB.anC./D.tlieHisfatherisengineer?Healwayswearsuniformatwoik.A.a...aE?a...anC?aii...aD?an...anyoungmailbesidemeisuniversitystudent.A.Ail...aB.An.../C.Tlie...anD.The...agirlwithatoyinherhandismylittlesister.A.AB.AnC.TheD./Myfriend.Harry,hisfavoritesportisplayinggolf.A.aB.ailC.theD./Lastweek,IwrotearticleonourSchoolFoodFestivaltoShanghaiStudentsfPost.A.theB.anC.aD./It'spleastu'eformetobeinvitedtoplaypianoattlieconceit.A.the,aE.a,theC?a,aD?a,/Iliketoreadbook.IfsbetterthanreadmgontheInternet.A./B.aC.anD.TheHeorderedabooksometimeagoandnow_bookhasarrived?A.aB.theC.anD./Heorderedawashingmacliinebyphonetwodaysago.and_machmehasarrived?A.aB.ailC.theD./teachersaidthatJackwasnewstudentandhewashonest.A.The,a,\E?A、the,aC?A,a,anD?The,a,ailTomlikesplayingfootbalLwliileLilylikesplayingviolin.A.the.../B./...theC.the...theD./.../Pleasegeteveiytliiiigready?Ouimeetingwillbegininhalfhoui.A.aB.anC.theD./Ifsabouthalfhour'swalkfromheretonearestundergi-oundstation.A.a...theB.an...theC./...theD.the...awestpanofourcountivC.人westpanofourcountivC.人thenextyear.D.the./A.the.theB.IJ20.MygrandpausedtohaveA.a,a—walkintliegardenaftersupper.B./,aC.a,/D?/,/20.MygrandpausedtohaveA.a,a—walkintliegardenaftersupper.B./,aC.a,/D?/,/21.ThescientistsfiomUnitedStatesliveinNmtliStreet.A.the.theB./,theC./,/D.the,/Tliereisreportintoday'snewspaper.IfsabouttheInternationalFilmFestival,Shanghai.A.aB.anC.theD./IvIeWangisambulancenian.Heisalwaysbusywitlithework?A.aB.theC.anD.TheTheoldladyteacheschildrentoplaypianoataweekendschool.A.aB.anC.theD./Lindaalwaystakesactivepaitinsportsafterschool?A./B.aC.anD.theCanIhavelookatthephotoofyourpenfriend.A.aB.aiiC./D.theMybrotlierlikesdrawingveiymuchandliisdreamistobecomearcliitect.A.theB.aC,ail0IlltheUnitedStates,Father'sDayisontliirdSundayinJune.A.aB.anC.theD./AimaorderedasquareumbrellafromtheTaobaonetlastweekandnowumbrellahasarrived.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zA.aB.anC.theD./Cindy,doyouhavee-mailaddresses?Iwanttosendyousomephotos.A.aB.anC.theD./31?CormorantfishmgistiaditionalChineseskill,butfewpeopleknowitnow.A.aB.anC.theD./32.Thesoldierrandownthestairs,twoattime.A.aB.ailC.theD./33.1canseeasmalldoginthegarden.dogismyneighbour's.A.AB.TheC./D.Ail"Whoknowstheanswertothequestion?”theteacherasked.A.aB.ailC.theD./ThedoubleNinthFestivalr