Grammar and usageII 【基礎梳理+隨堂演練】 高一英語精講課件（譯林版2020必修第二冊）

Unit2GrammarandusagePassivevoiceinthepresentcontinuousandpresentperfecttensesHowever,Bean

isalwaysbeaten

bysomestrangers.Beanisacureplant.PoorlittleBean

hasbeenbeatenformanyyears.PoorDoudoumaybebeaten

anytime.Tomorrow,Bean

willbebeaten

severaltimes.Beanwasbeaten

yesterdayagain.Bean

isbeing

beatennow.DoyouknowwhobeatlittleBean?Thepassivevoice⑴不知道或沒有必要說明動作的執(zhí)行者是誰。Thebook__________(write)forchildren.⑵談話的中心是動作的承受者。Mybike__________(steal)lastnight.⑶沒有必要說出動作的執(zhí)行者是誰。It___well_______(know)thattheearthtravelsaroundthesun.

iswrittenwasstolenisknownThepassivevoiceBasicformofpassivevoice:be+donedifferenttensesunchangedbe+doneam/is/are

am/is/are+beinghave/has+been一般現(xiàn)在時現(xiàn)在進行時現(xiàn)在完成時shall/will+be一般將來時was/were

was/were+beingwould+behad+been情態(tài)動詞+bewillhavebeen一般過去時

過去進行時過去完成時過去將來時將來完成時情態(tài)動詞be+doneam/is/are

am/is/are+beinghave/has+been一般現(xiàn)在時現(xiàn)在進行時現(xiàn)在完成時shall/will+be一般將來時was/were

was/were+beingwould+behad+been情態(tài)動詞+bewillhavebeen一般過去時

過去進行時過去完成時過去將來時將來完成時情態(tài)動詞各種時態(tài)的基本形式(以肯定式動詞do為例):基本時態(tài)被動語態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時

一般過去時

一般將來時

過去將來時

現(xiàn)在進行時

過去進行時

現(xiàn)在完成時

過去完成時

情態(tài)動詞

各種時態(tài)的基本形式(以肯定式動詞do為例):基本時態(tài)被動語態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時am/is/aredone一般過去時

一般將來時will/shallbedone過去將來時

現(xiàn)在進行時am/is/arebeingdone過去進行時

現(xiàn)在完成時hasbeendone過去完成時

情態(tài)動詞

各種時態(tài)的基本形式(以肯定式動詞do為例):基本時態(tài)被動語態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時am/is/aredone一般過去時was/weredone一般將來時will/shallbedone過去將來時wouldbedone現(xiàn)在進行時am/is/arebeingdone過去進行時was/werebeingdone現(xiàn)在完成時hasbeendone過去完成時hadbeendone情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞bedone1.I__________(give)alaptopbymyfatheronmybirthdayyesterday.2.English__________(speak)allovertheworld.3.Thework______________(finish)tomorrow.4.Thenewbuilding_______________(build)now.5.Thenewroad____already_________(build).6.Hetoldmethesportsmeeting_____________(hold)thenextmonth.wasgivenisspokenwillbefinishedisbeingbuilthasbeenbuiltwouldbeheld—Whatdoyouthinkofmycomposition?—It______wellexceptforsomespellingmistakes.A.readB.isreadingC.isreadD.readsD。當動詞read,cut,sell,wear,write,wash,lock等表示主語的某種性質且有狀語修飾時,往往用主動形式表示被動意義。故答案為D。句意:—

你認為我的作文怎么樣?—

除了一些拼寫錯誤,文章讀起來還不錯。1、某些感官動詞或系動詞等后跟形容詞、名詞等可以表示被動意義,如:feel,look,smell,taste,sound等。主語通常是事物,且表示該事物本身具有某一固定特征。Thedishtastesdelicious.這菜味道好極了。Thelakesmellsterrible.這個湖散發(fā)出難聞的氣味。2、“want,need,require,deserve+doing”表示被動意義。在這種情況下,句子的主語在邏輯上是doing的賓語。Yourhairneedscutting.你的頭發(fā)需要剪了。Hisshoeswantmending.他的鞋子需要修補。當動詞cut,read,sell,wear,write,wash,cook,lock,shut,draw等表示主語的某種性質且?guī)钫Z修飾語時,常用主動形式表示被動意義。Thispenwriteswell.Thekindofclothwasheseasily.不及物動詞或動詞短語,如takeplace,occur,happen,breakout,giveout,runout,belongto,last等不用于被動語態(tài)。Necessitycreatespressureandforcesyouinventsomethingortomakeithappenortouseyourpotentiality.表示狀態(tài)或特征的及物動詞,如contain,hold,cost,fit,have,lack,resemble,suit等不用于被動語態(tài)。Mybraincan’tholdsomuchinformationatonetime.我的大腦一下子不能容納這么多信息。當謂語動詞的賓語是反身代詞、相互代詞、動名詞（短語）、不定式（短語）時無被動語態(tài)形式。Thisgirlcan’tdressherselfyet.這個女孩還不能自己穿衣服。Tomenjoyslisteningtorockmusic.湯姆喜歡聽搖滾樂。當及物動詞leave,enter,reach等的賓語是表示地點和處所的名詞時，不可變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)。Robertenteredacollegethatautumn.Robert那年秋天進了大學。beworthdoing中用主動形式表達被動含義。Thebookisworthreadingagain.這本書值得再次閱讀。Wecan’tlaughathim.→Hecan’tbelaughedatbyus.Timemustbemadefulluseof.一定要充分利用時間。由“動詞+介詞/副詞”構成的動詞短語,這類動詞短語是一個不可分割的整體,變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時不可去掉構成動詞短語的介詞或副詞。被動語態(tài)中的過去分詞是謂語動詞，表示動作；系表結構中的過去分詞相當于形容詞，表示狀態(tài)。Ifoundthewholeyardwascoveredwithsnow.(系表結構)Thehighwaywascoveredbythesnowandhadtobeclosed.(被動語態(tài))由“get+及物動詞的過去分詞”構成的被動語態(tài)，叫get型被動語態(tài)。Thepatientgottreatedonceaweek.那位病人一周治療一次。Pleasehurryupandgetdressed.請趕快穿好衣服。1、Whatcomesfirstistokeepanopenmind,becauseeveryone’sideasdeserve____.considerB.toconsiderC.consideringD.beingconsidered2、Whateveryouhavefoundthere,youshouldgiveitbacktowhomeverit______.isbelongedtoB.isbelongingtoC.belongedtoD.belongsto3、Thiskindoficecream_____likeacombinationofbananaandstrawberry.tastedB.istastedC.beingtastedD.tastesC?？疾橹鲃有问奖硎颈粍右饬x。deserve之后接動名詞的主動形式或不定式的被動形式作賓語。句意:首先要保持開放的思想,因為每個人的想法都值得考慮。D。belongto沒有被動形式,也不用于進行時態(tài)。根據(jù)句意可知此處應用一般現(xiàn)在時。故答案為D。D。系動詞sound,smell,feel,taste,look等后跟名詞、形容詞等時,往往用主動形式表被動意義。故答案為D。句意:這種冰淇淋有種香蕉和草莓的混合味道。Thebookhasbeentranslatedintothirtylanguagessinceit________(come)onthemarketin1973.Thebookhasbeentranslatedintothirtylanguagessinceit___________________(publish)in1973.

Tomydelight,I_______________________(choose)fromhundredsofapplicantstoattendtheopeningceremony.Shesaidthatthisskirt___________(feel)soft.

camewaspublishedhavebeenchosenfeltTask2：Fillintheblanks(tellactivefrompassive)5.DouKou,aChineseboywhohaswrittenthreebookstillnow,_____________(call)“theyoungestwriterintheworld”.It____________(say)thatthereareseveralthingsthatmustn’t_____________(do)whenyouvisitthetemple.AChineseboy_________DouKouhaswrittenthreebookstillnow.iscalledbedonecalledissaidTask3：Practice(tellpredicatefromNon-predicate)Thebuilding_____________(build)inthelastcentury.Thebuilding_____________(build)inthelastcenturyhasalonghistory.Doyouknowthechildwho___________(dress)inablueT-shirt?Doyouknowthechild__________(dress)inablueT-shirt?wasbuilt

built

is

dresseddressedTask3：Practice(tellpredicatefromNon-predicate)1.Theprofessorcameintothelecturehall,_________byagroupofstudents.2.Theprofessorwho_________byagroupofstudentscameintothelecturehall.3.Theprofessor_________agroupofstudentscameintothelecturehall.4.Theprofessor_________agroupofstudentsandcameintothelecturehall.A.followedB.followingC.wasfollowedD.isfollowed

ACBA1.—Theceremonyhasalreadystarted.—Look!Theflagis______now.A.beingraised

B.risenC.beingrose

D.raising2.Thethingstalkedaboutinthisreport______overa

yearago.

A.hadtakenplace

B.tookplaceC.havetakenplace

D.weretakenplace3.Theyarelivingwiththeirparentsforthemomentbecausetheirownhouse____.A.isbeingrebuiltB.hasbeenrebuiltC.isrebuiltD.hasrebuilt4.Comeandsitdownbythefire.Yourhand______.A.feelssocold

B.isfeltsocoldly