01 臨床口腔藥物學-1

ORALCLINICAL

MATERIAMEDICA

FengYi-Gangygfeng18＠SECTIONⅠINTRODUCTION一、STUDYOBJECT1.Drug:2.Pharmacologyand

thefieldofpharmacology.BiologicalSystemsChemicalSubstancesDrugPharmacokineticsSelectiveinteractionTissueOrganCell1.Cardiovascularpharmacology2.Neuropharmacology3.Psychopharmacology4.Developmentalpharmacology5.

Biochemicalpharmacology

6.Molecularpharmacology7.ImmunopharmacologyClassification1.Pharmacognosy2.Pharmacodynamics3.Pharmacokinetics4.Experimentalpharmacology5.Clinicalpharmacology(Humanpharmacologicalstudy,Clinicalpharmacokinetics,Clinicalpharmacometrics,

Pharmacogenetics)

6.Experimentaltherapeutics7.Comparativepharmacology8.Pharmacotherapeutics9.Drugdosageforms10.Prescriptionwriting3.AnObjectofStudy:Oraldisease4.Medicine:二、HistoricalAspects:三、Importantrole.四、Characteristicbydrugsoftreatmentinoraldisease

Characteristic:1.Topicalapplication2.Various

topicalapplication

routesofadministration3.WideapplicationofHydroxybenzene

andaldehyde;4.

Variousdrugforms.五、GoodManufacturingpractice;GMPPharmacokineticsAndTherapeuticdrugmonitoring

一、PharmacokineticsPharmacokinetics:Absorption,Distribution,Metabolism(Biotransformation),Excretion.EliminationSECTIONⅡ

DisintegrationDosageform.DissolutionofdrugDoseofformulatedDrugAdministrationPharmaceuticalphaseAbsorptionDistributionMetabolismExcretionDrug-receptorInteractionEffectPharmacokineticphasePharmacodynamicphase処方した薬剤の投與量投與剤形の分解、薬物の溶解吸収分布代謝排泄薬物ー受容體相互作用投薬製剤學の相薬物動態(tài)の相薬力學の相

CompartmentmodelEliminationkineticsOnecompartmentmodelTwocompartmentmodelOne–orderkinetics

Zero-orderkineticsPharmaco-kineticsmodel1.

Biologicalhalf-life(t?)；２．Apparentvolumeofdistribution(Vd)；３．Eliminationrateconstant(K);４．Absorptionrateconstant(Ka);

５．Peakconcetration(Cmax)andPeaktime(Tmax);６．Steady-stateconcentration:(Css)max,(Css)min,(Css)av;７．Bioavailability(F).二、Therapeuticdrugmonitoring(TDM)ParameterEvidenceBasedMedicine,EBMAndDrugApplication一、Evidencebasedmedicine二、Significanceandprincipleofmedicine

1.Significance:2.Standard:

3.Basicprincipleofmedicine:SECTIONⅢ

AdverseDrugReactionMonitoringAdversedrugreaction(ADR

):SECTIONⅣ

Sideeffect:Toxiceffect；Aftereffect:Allergicreaction：Secondaryreaction:Idiosyncraticreaction:Dependence:Carcinogenesis:Mutagenesis:Teratogenesis：2.ClinicalrepresentationofadversedrugreactionTypesand

mechanismofaction:

AtypeADR：BtypeADR：

CtypeADR：5.Criterionofadversedrugreaction:Degree

feelhealthtreatingLight———observingMiddle

++++stop,special.Serious

++++

deathstop,firstaid3.Classification6.Researchmethods

Casereport;Caseseries;

Analysisofseculartrends;Cohortstudies;

Casecontrolstudies;

Clinicaltrials.7.MonitoringmethodsSpontaneousreportingsystem;Formalspontaneousreportingsystem;Informalspontaneousreportingsystem;Hospitalintensivereportingsystem;Recordedlinkage;Drugsanalysisandresearch;Prescription-effectmonitoring(PEM).

DrugFormsAndPrescription一、DrugformsSECTIONⅤ

1.Absorptionrate:Intravenousinstillation＞inhalation＞intramuscularinjection＞subcutaneousinjection

＞oraladministration＞rectaladministration

＞

externalapplication2.Classification：five-generationtypes.3.Commonforms:Solution、Injections、Tinctures、Emulsions

、Unguents

、Pastes、Suppository

、Tables

Pills

、Powders

、Films

、Aerosolum.

4.Controlled-releaseforms①

Definiens：②Characteristic：

③Basicprinciple:

Reservoirtype：

Monolithictype：

5.Oralslowreleasepreparation①Fluoridesslowreleasepreparation：②Periodontalslowreleasepreparation：③Rootcanalslowreleasepreparation：④Oralmucosa

slowreleasepreparation：1.Prescription:2.Formandcontent:3．Principlesofprescriptionorderwriting.4.Classification:二、Prescription

門診處方箋

NO:1569215

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×年×月×日

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門診號姓名××

×性別女

年齡××歲科別內科診斷上呼吸道感染地址或電話

R

PenicillinG80萬u×24sig.80萬uq.i.d.i.m.(皮試?。?/p>

醫(yī)師調配藥費

審核××

×

門診處方箋

NO:1569215

××

×年×月×日

序號1258結算類別醫(yī)療證號醫(yī)?？ㄌ枴痢痢?/p>

門診號姓名××

×性別女

年齡××歲科別內科診斷地址或電話

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TabA.P.C.0.5

×9

sig.0.5t.i.d.p.o.

醫(yī)師調配藥費

審核××

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Randomerror

Error

SelectionbiasBias

Measurementbias

Confoundingbias一、Error:SECTIONⅥ

ClinicalTrailsDesignAndValuation1.Basicprinciples：Principleofrandom；Principleofcontrol;Blindtrial.2.Method：Controlleddesign:Cross-overdesign：二、Basicprinciplesofclinicaltrailsdesign

Researchofclinic：

Clinicaltrail:PhaseⅠ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ.

1.Pha