必修三Unit3-Theworldofscience單元核心考點(diǎn)解析隨堂專練-SectionC

Unit3-Theworldofscience單元核心考點(diǎn)解析&隨堂專練-SectionC【詞匯解析】attachvt.系，綁，貼【課文原句】Ametalkeywasattachedtothestring.一個(gè)金屬鑰匙被綁在了繩子上?！驹~匯精講】句中的attach為及物動(dòng)詞，表示“系上”，常跟介詞to搭配使用，這里用作被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。同時(shí),attach還有“（使）與有聯(lián)系;認(rèn)為重要;使依附”的意思。Duringtheoperation,MrLiuhadanewhandattached.在手術(shù)中,劉先生被接上了一只新手。Fatheraskedmetoattachastamptotheenvelopeandmailit.父親要我在信封上貼郵票,然后寄出去。【詞匯拓展】attach...to…將附在attachimportance/significance/valueto...認(rèn)為……有重要性/意義/價(jià)值（t。為介詞）attachedadj.依戀的;附屬的;喜歡的beattachedto喜歡;依附于;隸屬于Society,schoolsandfamiliesshouldattachgreatimportancetohardshipthatscientificexperimentsareimportantinordertoestablishthetruthandtocontributetowardslaterscientificdiscoveriesandinventions.富蘭克林和許多其他科學(xué)家一起激勵(lì)并告訴我們?yōu)榱蓑?yàn)證真理并給以后的科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)和發(fā)明啟示，科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)是很重要的?！揪涫狡饰觥縯hatscientificexperimentsareimportantinordertoestablishthetruthandtocontributetowardslaterscientificdiscoveriesandinventions是that弓I導(dǎo)的一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句,作動(dòng)詞taught的賓語(yǔ)，其中establish和contribute是并列關(guān)系，表示目的。Weknowthatitisaninterestingstory.我們知道那是一個(gè)有趣的故事。Ithinkthatifyouhavelostthelibrarybook,youmustpayforit.我認(rèn)為如果你已把圖書館藏書丟失了，你就必須賠償?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】連詞that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，只起連接主、從句的作用,它本身無(wú)意義，在口語(yǔ)或非正式文體中常省略;從句的主語(yǔ)是that時(shí),that不省略?！緦懽髦笇?dǎo)】如何寫好實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告一、審題定調(diào).確定體裁:本單元的寫作是實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告,屬于說(shuō)明文。按照實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告的格式，寫作內(nèi)容包括五個(gè)方面:Aim實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康模籄pparatus實(shí)驗(yàn)器材;Method實(shí)驗(yàn)步驟;Result實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果;Conclusion實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)論。.確定人稱:本文的主要人稱為第一人稱。.確定時(shí)態(tài):時(shí)態(tài)以一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)為主,對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)過(guò)程的描述可用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。二、謀篇布局就本篇習(xí)作而言，我們可以把全文分為三部分。第一部分:說(shuō)明實(shí)驗(yàn)的來(lái)源（課上物理老師做的實(shí)驗(yàn)）；第二部分:說(shuō)明實(shí)驗(yàn)的器材、實(shí)驗(yàn)步驟；第三部分:說(shuō)明實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果并進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)。三、短文模板Today,wecarriedout（實(shí)驗(yàn)具體名稱）.Beforewestarted,weprepared（準(zhǔn)備物品）.First,（實(shí)驗(yàn)第一步）.Then（實(shí)驗(yàn)第二步）.Whatwehadtodowas（等待結(jié)果）.Toourastonishment/實(shí)驗(yàn)最終結(jié)果）.Whataninterestingexperimentlessonwehad!四、組織語(yǔ)言.核心詞匯實(shí)施carryout實(shí)驗(yàn)experiment準(zhǔn)備prepare倒入pourinto覆蓋cover...with使我們驚訝的是toourastonishment.高級(jí)句式今天，在物理老師的幫助下,我們?cè)谡n堂上進(jìn)行了一個(gè)有趣的實(shí)驗(yàn)。（with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)）Today,withthehelpofourphysicsteacher,wecarriedoutaninterestingexperimentinclass.我們準(zhǔn)備了一支蠟燭、一個(gè)盆、一個(gè)玻璃杯和一些水。Wepreparedacandle,abasin,aglassandsomewater.蠟燭一直立在盆底,一些水被倒進(jìn)盆里。（被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)）Thecandlewaskeptstandingatthebottomofthebasinandsomewaterwaspouredintothebasin.我們點(diǎn)燃了蠟燭，用充滿空氣的玻璃杯覆蓋著它。（現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)）Welitthecandle,coveringitwiththeglassthatwasfullofair.我們要做的是等到蠟燭熄滅。（主語(yǔ)從句）Whatwehadtodowastowaituntilthecandlewentout.令我們吃驚的是，我們看到玻璃杯里的水位比盆里的水位高。（that指代）Toourastonishment,wesawthatthewaterlevelintheglasswashigherthanthatinthebasin.假如今天在物理老師的幫助下,你們做了一個(gè)有趣的實(shí)驗(yàn)。請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下實(shí)驗(yàn)步驟,用英語(yǔ)寫一篇100詞左右的短文。.準(zhǔn)備一支蠟燭、一個(gè)盆和一些水，一個(gè)比蠟燭稍高些的玻璃杯。.將蠟燭置于盆底，并向盆中倒入一些水。.點(diǎn)燃蠟燭，將玻璃杯罩在蠟燭上。.當(dāng)蠟燭熄滅后,看到玻璃杯中水面高于盆中水面。參考詞匯:盆basin參考范文：ExperimentReportToday,withthehelpofourphysicsteacher,wecarriedoutaninterestingexperimentinclass.Beforewestarted,wepreparedacandle,abasin,aglassandsomewater.Bytheway,theglasswasalittlehigherthanthecandle.First,thecandlewaskeptstandingatthebottomofthebasinandsomewaterwaspouredintothebasin.Thenwelitthecandle,coveringitwiththeglassthatwasfullofair.Whatwehadtodowastowaituntilthecandlewentout.Toourastonishment,wesawthatthewaterlevelintheglasswashigherthanthatinthebasin.Whataninterestingexperimentlessonwehad!【隨堂專練】**介詞填空1.AparttheirhouseinLondon,theyalsohaveavillainSpain.tfeltlikerdhadtwobabiesinsteadone..TheboilingwaterissohotthatIoughttopourthewateracuptomakeitcold..Theproblemofpollutionarisesalongtherapiddevelopmentofindustry.5.1believethateachofuscancontributethefutureoftheworld.**單句填空.Thescientistreferredtothe(discover)asthemostexcitingnewdevelopmentinthisfield..Whydoweneedtoissuea(declare)fromthissummit?.Thelittleproblemsthatwemeetinourdailylivesmaybeinspirationsforgreat(invent)..Neitheryourrestaurantnormine(offer)abalanceddiet..ShehitmeonbackheavilyandatthatmomentIcouldn'thelpcrying..Nobodycan(entire)keepawayfromthispetitiveworld..Canyouaccountyourmovementsonthatnight?.Thisfactistooevidenttorequire(prove)..(electricity)heatershavetheirelectricenergytransformedintoheat.K).Their(brave)deservedtobepraised.**課文語(yǔ)法填空BenjaminFranklin'sfamousexperimentwithlightninghasintroduced1.(generation)ofchildrentoscience.However,newresearchsuggeststhatthestorymaybefictioninstead2.fact.Franklin3.(fly)akiteduringastormin1752,whentherewasmuchinterestinelectricity.Franklinraisedthekitewithapieceofstring4.(tie)toit.Ametalkeywasattachedtothestring.After5.experiment,hesaidthatlightningwasaformofelectricity.However,neitherthestory6.thedetailsoftheexperimentareentirelytruebecausescientistsallagreethatifFranklinhad7.(actual)touchedthekey,hewouldcertainlyhavediedfromthe8.(electricity)shock.Scientistsoftenquestionacceptedideasbecausetheywant9.(establish)thefacts.Inscience,factsshouldlO.(prove)byexperimentsandresearch,andweshouldnotalwaysbelieveeverythingwereadorhear.參考答案：介詞填空：from;of;into;with;to單句填詞.答案:discovery.答案:declaration.答案:inventions.答案:offers.答案:the.答案:entirely.答案:for.答案:proof.答案:Electric.答案:bravery課文語(yǔ)法填空：generations;of;flew;tied;the;nor;actually;electric;toestablish;beprovededucationforallstudents.社會(huì)、和家庭都應(yīng)該重視對(duì)全體學(xué)生的艱苦教育。Thishospitalattachedtothemedicalcollegewasdestroyedintheearthquake.醫(yī)科大學(xué)附屬醫(yī)院在地震中被毀了。Sheisveryattachedtoherfamilyandfriends.她非常熱愛(ài)家人和朋友。eupwith想出【課文原句】SomehaveevenquestionedthestoryabouttheapplethatfellonNewton'sheadandledhimtoeupwithhistheoryofgravity.有些人甚至質(zhì)疑那個(gè)蘋果的故事，故事中,蘋果砸中的牛頓的頭，從而促進(jìn)使他提出了重力理論。【詞匯精講】句中的eupwith意為“提出:是及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。Severalofthemembershaveeupwithsuggestionsoftheirown.有幾位成員提出了自己的建議。Thepresidentwasmovedtoeupwiththesesuggestionsafterthehearings.聽證會(huì)后,促使總統(tǒng)想出了這些建議。【詞匯拓展】eup走近;上來(lái);發(fā)芽;發(fā)生;被提出eabout發(fā)生eacross穿過(guò)（路、橋）;（偶然）遇見(jiàn);發(fā)現(xiàn)eout出來(lái);（書等）出版;發(fā)行eto蘇醒;總計(jì);達(dá)到;談到whenitesto...當(dāng)談至UI'msureitwillalleoutallrightintheend.我敢肯定最后結(jié)局會(huì)很好。Newshootsofbamboowilleupfromaroundtherootsoftheoldones.新的竹筍將從舊根的周圍長(zhǎng)出來(lái)。Icameacrossmyoldcollegeclassmateintheparktoday.今天在公園遇到我大學(xué)的老同學(xué)。【名師點(diǎn)津】eupwith意為“提出”，主語(yǔ)（多是人）是提出者，后面的賓語(yǔ)才是被提出的內(nèi)容；eup意為“被提出:其主語(yǔ)（多是物）是被提出的內(nèi)容,無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。declarationn.聲明，宣告【課文原句】BenjaminFranklin（1706-1790）wasoneoftheFoundingFathersoftheUnitedStatesandhelpeddrafttheDeclarationofIndependence.本杰明?富蘭克林（1706—1790）是美國(guó)的開國(guó)元?jiǎng)字?并幫助起草了《獨(dú)立宣言》?！驹~匯精講】句中的declaration為名詞，意為“聲明，宣告”，此處為不可數(shù)名詞。此外,declaration還可以表示呻報(bào)沖報(bào)單，聲明書”,當(dāng)表示呻報(bào)單，聲明書''時(shí),為可數(shù)名詞。Shereadthedeclarationaloudforeveryonetohearitclearly.為了使大家都能聽得清楚，她將宣言大聲讀了一遍。Theseeventsledtothedeclarationofwar.這些事件導(dǎo)致了宣戰(zhàn)。Pleaseshowyourcustomsdeclarationform.請(qǐng)出示你的海關(guān)申報(bào)單?！驹~匯拓展】declarevt.宣布;聲明;表明;宣稱declarationof...宣告declarefor/against表示贊成/反對(duì)declarewar(on/against)(向)宣戰(zhàn)Whentheyaskedhimforhisopinion,hedeclaredstronglyagainstthepolicy.他們向他征求意見(jiàn)時(shí)，他聲明強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)這項(xiàng)政策。diefrom死于【課文原句】ButscientistsallagreethatifFranklinhadactuallytouchedthekey,hewouldcertainlyhavediedfromtheelectricshock.但是科學(xué)家們都認(rèn)為如果富蘭克林真接觸了鑰匙，他早就可能死于電擊了?！驹~匯精講】句中的diefrom是不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，意為“死于”。Fortythousandchildrenadaydiefrompreventablediseases.每天有4萬(wàn)個(gè)孩子死于本可以預(yù)防的疾病。Takethecaseofthatpatient;hedidnotdiefromit.以那個(gè)病人為例,這并不是他的死因。【易混辨析】【詞匯拓展】dieaway（尤指聲音、光、風(fēng)）逐漸消失,停止;自行消失dieout滅絕，消失Thefiringfinallybegantodieawayinthelateafternoon.到了臨近傍晚時(shí)槍炮聲終于漸漸停息。Peoplesometimesdieoftreatableconditions.人們有時(shí)死于可治之癥。Ifwestoppedatthatthehumanracewoulddieout.要是我們拘泥這一點(diǎn)，那么人類就會(huì)絕跡。draftv.起草，草擬【課文原句】BenjaminFranklin(1706-1790)wasoneoftheFoundingFathersoftheUnitedStatesandhelpeddrafttheDeclarationofIndependence.本杰明?富蘭克林(1706—1790)是美國(guó)的開國(guó)元?jiǎng)字?并幫助起草了《獨(dú)立宣言》?！驹~匯精講】句中的draft為及物動(dòng)詞，意為“起草”。此外，還有“征兵”的意思。draft還可以作名詞，意為“草稿，草案，草圖Hehasdrawnupthedesigndraft.他擬訂了設(shè)計(jì)草圖。Johnwasdraftedintothearmylastyear.約翰去年被應(yīng)征入伍?！驹~匯拓展】draftout草擬,勾勒出draftoutone^speech起草發(fā)言稿Thegovernmenthasdraftedoutitsplanforfuturelaws.政府已草擬了未來(lái)法律的規(guī)劃。experimentn.（科學(xué)）實(shí)驗(yàn)v.實(shí)驗(yàn)【課文原句】BenjaminFranklin'sfamousexperimentwithlightninghasintroducedgenerationsofchildrentoscience.本杰明?富蘭克林的有名的閃電實(shí)驗(yàn)讓一代代的孩子們了解了科學(xué)?！驹~匯精講】句中的experiment是名詞，表示“實(shí)驗(yàn)”的意思,experiment用作名詞時(shí)既可作可數(shù)名詞,又可作不可數(shù)名詞;此外,experiment還可以用作不及物動(dòng)詞。Younccdn,tworryandthisexperimentwasharmlesstotheanimals.你不必?fù)?dān)心,這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)動(dòng)物是無(wú)害的。Thisexperimentturnedouttobeafailure,but,asweknow,successoftenesafterfailure.這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)最終失敗了，但眾所周知，失敗是成功之母?！驹~匯拓展】experimentin做方面的實(shí)驗(yàn)experimenton/upon在上做實(shí)驗(yàn)experimentwith以做實(shí)驗(yàn)Don'texperimentwithsuchdangerousdrugs.不要用這種危險(xiǎn)的藥物做實(shí)驗(yàn)。Heexperimentedinpaintingathome.他在家中試著作畫。【句式解析】Butinscience,factsshouldbeprovedbyexperimentsandresearch,andweshouldnotalwaysbelieveeverythingwereadorhear-evenifitisagreatstory.但是在科學(xué)領(lǐng)域,我們應(yīng)該通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)研究來(lái)證明事實(shí)的存在，我們不能隨便相信我們讀的、聽的任何事情，即使都是一些偉大的故事。【句式剖析】wereadorhear在這里作定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞everything,其前面省略TthatoHetalkedabouttheteachersandschoolsthathehadvisited.他談起了曾經(jīng)拜訪過(guò)的老師、參觀的。【名師點(diǎn)睛】先行詞是不定代詞或者先行詞被不定代詞所修飾時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞通常只用that,不用which;先行詞被序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)、theonly、thevery、thelast等修飾時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞通常只用that,不用which;先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞只用that,不用whichoInfact,morethanoneaccountsuggeststhatwhileNewtonwascertainlyinspiredbyafallingapple,thereisnoproofthatithithimonthehead.事實(shí)上，不止一種說(shuō)法表明，雖然牛頓的靈感來(lái)自一個(gè)掉落的蘋果，但是沒(méi)有證據(jù)表明這個(gè)蘋果砸到了他的頭?！揪涫狡饰觥縯hatwhileNewtonwascertainlyinspiredbyaf