初中英語(yǔ)閱讀理解解題技巧

ReadingComprehension

閱讀理解1.Tolearnthefourtypesofquestionsinreadingcomprehension2.Tolearntheskills,methodsandstepstodoreadingcomprehension.3.Toimprovetheabilitiesofreadingcomprehension.Learningaims

預(yù)學(xué)探標(biāo)Pre-task(Checkpreviewwork)

1.Whendid“colorfulcutting”turnpopulardecorationartinYangzhou?A.IntheSuiDynastyB.IntheTangDynastyC.IntheQingDynastyD.AfterthefoundingofPRC.2.What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedworldinparagraph2?A.開花B.繁茂C.凋謝D.發(fā)芽3.Fromthepassageweknow______helpedthedevelopmentofYangzhoupaper-cutting.A.thedevelopmentofpaper-makingindustryB.theprosperityofeconomyC.Chinesegovernment’shighvalue（重視）D.Alltheabove4.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.Howdopeoplemakepaper-cuttingB.ThewaytocutpaperC.ThehistoryanddevelopmentofYangzhoupaper-cuttingD.TheimportanceofYangzhoupaper-cutting預(yù)學(xué)探標(biāo)Pre-task(Checkpreviewwork)

1.Whendid“colorfulcutting”turnpopulardecorationartinYangzhou?A.IntheSuiDynastyB.IntheTangDynastyC.IntheQingDynastyD.AfterthefoundingofPRC.2.What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedworldinparagraph2?A.開花B.繁茂C.凋謝D.發(fā)芽3.Fromthepassageweknow______helpedthedevelopmentofYangzhoupaper-cutting.A.thedevelopmentofpaper-makingindustryB.theprosperityofeconomyC.Chinesegovernment’shighvalue（重視）D.Alltheabove4.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.Howdopeoplemakepaper-cuttingB.ThewaytocutpaperC.ThehistoryanddevelopmentofYangzhoupaper-cuttingD.TheimportanceofYangzhoupaper-cutting

詞義猜測(cè)題

Guessingmeanings

推理判斷題Inferringaconclusion

主旨大意題Findingoutmainideas細(xì)節(jié)理解題Lookingfordetails1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題此類考題一般在文章中都能找到相對(duì)應(yīng)的答案。主要提問(wèn)方式有：(1)WhichofthefollowingisTRUE(NOTtrue)?(2)Whichofthefollowingisnotmentioned?(3)Fromthefirst(second/third...)paragraphweknowthat________.Task1lookingfordetails（細(xì)節(jié)理解）互學(xué)析標(biāo)While-Task

Lastweekend,thefourmembersofmyfamilyspentanenjoyableholidayattheMagicKingdom-Disneyland.Andoneeventmadeourvisitseemtrulymagical.WegottothefrontofthelineatSpaceMountain,onlytofindoutthatourlittledaughterGloriacouldn'ttakeherice-creamontheride.Weweresoexcitedthatweallforgotice-creamwasnotallowedontheride.1.Thefamily'svisittotheMagicKingdomwas________.A)helpfulB)awfulC)frighteningD)amazing2.Beforetheride,Gloriacriedbecause_________.A)shecouldn'tfindherparentsinthelineB)shewastoolittletotaketherideC)shecouldn'ttakeherice-creamontherideD)shehadtowaitfortwentyminutes技巧點(diǎn)撥：這類題目有兩個(gè)特點(diǎn)：

(1)凡是針對(duì)特定細(xì)節(jié)的考題，其正確答案大都可以在閱讀材料中找到對(duì)應(yīng)的文字部分作為驗(yàn)證。這一部分可能是一個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)，也可能是一個(gè)句子或相關(guān)的若干句子，但句式、用詞和表達(dá)方式與題設(shè)不同。(2)干擾項(xiàng)往往是真假細(xì)節(jié)混雜，甚至相關(guān)細(xì)節(jié)和無(wú)關(guān)細(xì)節(jié)混雜。

解答此類試題，首先要弄清題目和每個(gè)選項(xiàng)的含義，然后按題目要求尋找與之相關(guān)的細(xì)節(jié)，正確估計(jì)答案來(lái)源，同時(shí)注意題目和文章中的暗示。當(dāng)答案難以確定時(shí)，還可輔以排除法。例:

79.Noonewantstolistento_______fromothers’MP3players.

A)

a

loud

sound

B)sad

stories

C)a

long

movie

D)the

words

of

a

song解析:第二段倒數(shù)第三行“Not

one

wants

to

listen

to

this.

Very

loud

music

can

alsobebad

for

your

ears”，可以得出答案，選擇A80.

We

should

turn

down

the

music

when

we

are

alone

because

loud

music

.

A)

is

not

enjoyable

B)makes

us

tired

C)is

bad

for

MP3

players

D)hurts

our

ears解析】根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第一行“Very

loud

music

can

also

be

bad

for

your

ears,

so

even

if

you

are

alone

when

listening

to

our

MP3

player,

you

shouldn't

have

it

turned

up

too

high”得出結(jié)論，選擇D

82.

We

can

take

once

earphone

out

when

we_

A)

show

others

the

way

B)talk

to

friends

on

the

phone

C)watch

a

sporting

event

D)have

dinner

with

our

parents

解析】根據(jù)第四段的介紹我們可以排除C項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)，A和B在原文中都有提及，但是原文中指的是“answer

the

telephone”這一短暫的動(dòng)作，而B項(xiàng)是與朋友在“telephone”中聊天，是個(gè)延續(xù)性的動(dòng)作，故選擇A1.OnFebruary9th,2013,SarahDarlingwaswalkingalongthestreetwhenshemetahomelessmannamedBillyRayHarris.Shereachedintoherchangepurse,emptiedoutofallthecoinshehadandgavethemtothehomelessman…Sarahdidn’trealizethatshehadgivenBillynotonlyallherchangebutalsoherdiamondringthatshehadputinherchangepurseuntilthefollowingmorning…

WhendidSarahrealizethatshehadalsogivenBillyherdiamondring?A.OnFebruary9th,2013B.OnFebruary10th,2013C.OnFebruary18th,2013D.OnFebruary22nd,2013互學(xué)析標(biāo)While-Task

常見提問(wèn)方式有：1.Thewordinthepassagemeans…2.What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword?3.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordmean?Task2Guessingthemeaning(詞義猜測(cè))互學(xué)析標(biāo)While-Task

2.

詞義猜測(cè)題Guessingmeanings

1.

細(xì)節(jié)理解題Lookingfordetails

3.推理判斷題Inferringaconclusion

4.

主旨大意題findingoutmainideas2．詞義猜測(cè)題此類考題要求考生根據(jù)上下文確定某一特定的詞或短語(yǔ)的準(zhǔn)確含義。主要提問(wèn)方式有：(1)Theunderlinedword“...”inthepassage(mostprobably)means________.(2)Theunderlinedwordinthefirst(second/third...)paragraphrefersto________.(3)Whatdoestheunderlinedword“...”mean?技巧點(diǎn)撥：常見的猜詞方法有：

(1)通過(guò)定義、釋義猜測(cè)詞義(3)通過(guò)生活常識(shí)猜測(cè)詞義如：Lisaletthehairdresser“trim”herhairabitbecauseitgrewtoolong.根據(jù)because從句所講的意思，我們可推測(cè)trim就是之意。(5)通過(guò)構(gòu)詞法猜測(cè)詞義根據(jù)學(xué)過(guò)的構(gòu)詞法知識(shí)，知道詞根和前綴或后綴的意義，就可猜出由它們組成的新詞詞義。如：ThejourneytoHawaiithissummeris“unforgettable."'利用構(gòu)詞法常識(shí)和我們已熟悉的詞forget，我們可以知道unforgettable就是的意思。修剪難以忘懷的A,胸?zé)o點(diǎn)墨的B,毫無(wú)興趣的

C,寡言少語(yǔ)的D，無(wú)話可說(shuō)的A,陌生人B,行人C,故人D,古代人(6)根據(jù)列舉的事例猜測(cè)詞義Alotoftheworld’snaturalresources

likeoilcomefrompoorcountries.

A.環(huán)境B.資源C.汽油2.Theoldmanputonhisspectaclesandbegantoread.

A.帽子B.雨鞋C.眼鏡3..Icouldseenothingbecausethelightwasfaint.A.明亮B.昏暗C.燦爛4.Tomisverypolite,buthisbrotherisquiterash.A.禮貌B.謙虛C.粗魯Haveatry:choosethebestanswers

互學(xué)析標(biāo)While-Task

Example:

Todaywasaveryhecticdayforme．Iwokeuplate，hurriedtotheoffice，workeduntilfour，wenttothestore，cookeddinnerandwashedclothes．IdidsomanythingsthatIwascertainlyverytired．A.焦急的B.忙碌的C.悠閑的D.快樂的Task2Guessingthemeaning(詞義猜測(cè))互學(xué)析標(biāo)While-Task

IspentaboutonehourwalkingaroundthecitytolookforBusNo.32.Thetricycle(三輪車)wasnice,butitwasalittletooexpensiveforasmalldistance.MaybeIwasrippedoffbytheguidewhorodeforme,butitwasanenjoyable.

Theunderlinedphrase“rippedoff”means_____A.優(yōu)惠B.退款C.騙錢D.免費(fèi)

互學(xué)析標(biāo)While-Task

Task3Inferringaconclusion（推理判斷）互學(xué)析標(biāo)While-Task

2.

詞義猜測(cè)題Guessingmeanings

1.

細(xì)節(jié)理解題Lookingfordetails

3.推理判斷題Inferringaconclusion

4.

主旨大意題findingoutmainideas3．推理判斷題

這類題要求考生透過(guò)表面文字信息推測(cè)文字的隱含意思，對(duì)文章的發(fā)展情節(jié)及作者態(tài)度、意圖等作出合乎邏輯的推理判斷。它主要考查考生依據(jù)圖表、短文內(nèi)容及常識(shí)進(jìn)行推理和判斷的能力。主要提問(wèn)方式有：(1)Whatcanweknowaccordingtothepassage?(2)Wecanguessthewriterofthepassagemaybea________.(3)Fromthepassagewecanknow________.(4)Thewriterwritesthispassageto________.(5)Thewritersuggeststhat________.

技巧點(diǎn)撥：解答此類題目時(shí)，考生要在閱讀時(shí)抓住文章的主題和細(xì)節(jié)，從分析文章的結(jié)構(gòu)入手，根據(jù)上下文的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系，充分挖掘文章的深層含義，對(duì)暗含在文章中的事件的因果關(guān)系、人物動(dòng)機(jī)以及作者未言明的傾向、態(tài)度、意圖、觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的推理、分析和判斷。同時(shí)，要善于抓住文章中實(shí)質(zhì)性的東西，不要被表面的假象或似是而非的東西所迷惑。并注意在推斷作者態(tài)度時(shí)力求從作者的觀點(diǎn)去思考，切勿憑個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)、習(xí)慣看法來(lái)選擇答案。

在一個(gè)寒冷冬天的夜晚，天氣冷得讓人不想出門，見習(xí)警員走在大街上，突然聽到一個(gè)女子大喊：“有人打劫啦!”

見習(xí)警員剛一回身，就見一個(gè)黑影朝著遠(yuǎn)處逃離，他立刻追了上去，但是這賊跑得飛快，警員追了八條街之后沒影了。后來(lái)警員在一家商鋪前看到了四個(gè)人，根據(jù)調(diào)查，犯人就在這四人當(dāng)中，請(qǐng)你猜一猜誰(shuí)是？A,正在閑暇百無(wú)聊賴抽煙的人B,正在手機(jī)通話的人C,正在聚精會(huì)神看報(bào)紙的人D,正在狼吞虎咽吃拉面的人D＄

你能列舉一些常見的提問(wèn)方式嗎？Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat______.Wecaninferfromthetextthat______.Fromthetextweknowthat_____.Whatdoesthewritermean?Whatdoesthestorytellus?…Task3Inferringaconclusion（推理判斷）互學(xué)析標(biāo)While-Task

GroupworkA,cruellyB,kindlyC,fairlyD,unfriendlyA,positive(肯定的）B,neutral（中立的）

C,negative（否定的）D,nervous（緊張的）

此類問(wèn)題常見的提問(wèn)方式

1)Whichisthebesttitleofthepassage?2)Thispassagemainlytalksabout______.3)What’sthemainideaoftheparagraphorpassage?

2.

詞義猜測(cè)題Guessingmeanings

1.

細(xì)節(jié)理解題Lookingfordetails

3.推理判斷題Inferringaconclusion

4.

主旨大意題FindingoutmainideasTask4:

Findingoutthemainidea(主旨大意)互學(xué)析標(biāo)While-Task

4．主旨大意題此類考題多針對(duì)段落或短文的主題或標(biāo)題來(lái)設(shè)題。主要提問(wèn)方式有：(1)Whichisthebesttitleofthepassage?(2)What'sthemainideaofthepassage?(3)Thispassagemainlytalksabout________.主題句一般具有三個(gè)特點(diǎn)：(1)表述的意思比較概括，相對(duì)其他句子來(lái)看，它的概括性更為明顯。(2)句子結(jié)構(gòu)比較簡(jiǎn)單，多數(shù)都不會(huì)采用長(zhǎng)、難句的形式。(3)段落中的其他句子起到解釋支撐主題句的作用。在一篇短文或一個(gè)段落中，大部分主題句的出現(xiàn)情況有以下三種：(1)主題句在篇首或段首主題句在篇首或段首的情況相當(dāng)普遍。一般新聞報(bào)道、說(shuō)明文、議論文大都采用先總述后分述的方法。

(2)主題句在篇末或段末 用歸納法寫文章時(shí)，往往表述細(xì)節(jié)的句子在前，概括性的句子在后，并以此結(jié)尾。這種位于篇末或段末的主題句往往是對(duì)前面細(xì)節(jié)的總結(jié)、歸納或概括。(3)無(wú)主題句有時(shí)，一篇文章里并沒有明顯的主題句，需從文章出提煉、總結(jié)出文章的主題。常用技巧是首先找出每一段的中心意思。各段的中心意思往往都是圍繞一個(gè)中心來(lái)展開的，或者是來(lái)說(shuō)明一個(gè)問(wèn)題的，這個(gè)中心或問(wèn)題就是這篇文章的主題或中心意思。Example1Smokingisharmfultoyourhealth.Experimentsshowthatsmokingcancausecancer.Besidesthemostseriousillness,smokingcanalsocauseotherhealthproblems.Finally,studieshaveshownitiseasyforsmokerstocatchcolds.Whetheryougetanunimportantcoldorterriblecancer,smokingisharmful.Isitworthit?Task4:

findingoutthemainidea(主旨大意)互學(xué)析標(biāo)While-Task

Example2

Oftennoonelooksmoreguiltythantheinnocent.Ontheotherhand,nobodymaylookmoreinnocentthanaprofessionalcriminal.Andthemanwhoknows“everything”mayreallyonlybetryingtohidehisownweakness.So,itisfoolishtotrytojudgeapersononlybyhisappearance.Task4:

findingoutthemainidea(主旨大意)互學(xué)析標(biāo)While-Task

Task4:

findingoutthemainidea(主旨大意)互學(xué)析標(biāo)While-Task

A,1.Giftsgivingisdifferentindifferentcountries.InJapan,giftsarenotopened.Later,thesamegiftmaybegivenawaytosomeoneelse.InCanada,manypeoplewillnotgivebiggiftstosomeoneelse.Theywillpayforaparkbenchoratreetohelprememberaperson.IntheUSA,somepeopleasktheirfamiliesandfriendstogivemoneytocharityratherthanbuythemgifts.InSweden,doingsomethingforsomeoneisthebestgift.互學(xué)析標(biāo)While-Task

Thispassageismainlyabout__________InCanada,manypeoplewillnotgivebiggiftstosomeoneelse.B.InJapan,giftsarenotopenedC.InSweden,doingsomethingforsomeoneisthebestgift.D.Giftsgivingisdifferentindifferentcountries.互學(xué)析標(biāo)While-Task

2.Growingmushrooms(蘑菇)isprobablytheeasiestthingyoucandoevenifyouarenewtomushroomgrowing.Itisbecomingmorecommonbecauserestaurantsarestartingtocreatemoredishesthatincludemushrooms.........Mushroomgrowingisnotdifficultanditiseasytostartedintheworldoffarming.Youwillsoonpossiblybeabletoprovidesomeofthegreatcooksoftheworldwithhighqualitymushroomsthatwillbeenjoyedbythousandsofpeopleallovertheworld.

Thebesttitleofthepassageis___________A.HealthymushroomsB.ThevalueofmushroomsC.HowtochoosemushroomsD.Suggestionsongrowingmushrooms

1.速讀問(wèn)題3.通讀文章2.尋找答案逆向解題法4.核對(duì)答案1.通讀文章3.尋找答案2.速讀問(wèn)題4.核對(duì)答案正向解題法促學(xué)化標(biāo)While-Task

Discussion:

Doyouknowthestepstodoreadingcomprehension?促學(xué)化標(biāo)While-Task

AnAustralia16-year-oldgirl,Jessicatookoffonhernon-stoptriparoundtheworld,onOctober18,2009.Jessicawasallaloneonheryacht(快艇).Shehadtofightagainststrongwinds,wavesashighasmountains,andloneliness,inordertoproveyoungpeoplecanrealizetheirdreams,whatevertheymightbe.Jessicasailedaroundtheworldinorderto__________A.writeabookaboutherselfB.becomerichandfamousC.wintheworld’sadmirationD.proveyoungpeoplecanrealizetheirdreams促學(xué)化標(biāo)While-Task

AnAustralia16-year-oldgirl,Jessicatookoffonhernon-stoptriparoundtheworld,onOctober18,2009.Jessicawasallaloneonheryacht(快艇).Shehadtofightagainststrongwinds,wavesashighasmountains,andloneliness,inordertoproveyoungpeoplecanrealizetheirdreams,whatevertheymightbe.Jessicasailedaroundtheworldinorderto__________A.writeabookaboutherselfB.becomerichandfamousC.wintheworld’sadmirationD.proveyoungpeoplecanrealizetheirdreamsA

You

probably

know

you

should

say"

please"

and"

thank

you"

at

restaurants.

You

probably

know

the

rules

of

a

library.

You

know

you

should

respect

and

be

nice

to

your

classmates.

But

do

you

have

music

manners?

Keep

It

Down!

You

have

to

notice

the

volume

of

your

music.

You

should

not

play

your

music

so

loud

that

ever