國際商務函電：Chapter 10

LearningObjectivestheclassificationofpackingandmarking;guidelinesofpackingandmarking;guidelinesforstipulatingpackingclauses;howtocomposepackingrelatedbusinessletters;howtousethecommonexpressionsinthistypeofletter.Chapter10PackingandMarkingChapter10OverviewPackingisofparticularimportanceininternationaltradebecausegoodshavetotravellongdistancesbeforereachingtheirdestination.Itisproperpackingthatcannotonlyserveasaformofprotection,butalsofacilitateloading,unloadingandstowage,andpreventpilferage.Furthermoreitcanpromotesales.MarkingofGoods

Markingsplayanimportantroleinidentificationandproperhandlingofconsignmentsduringtransportationandprocessofloadingandunloading.Markingsserveasshippingmarks:theidentificationfordifferentconsignments.cautionreminderswarningandindicativemarks:instructionsforhandlingtheconsignment.PackingRequirementRequirementsforpackingvaryaccordingtothedifferencesofthenaturesandcharactersofcommodities.AccordingtoCISG,thesellershoulddelivergoodswhicharecontainedorpackagedinthemannerrequiredbythecontract.Thepackagesshouldbefitforanyparticularpurposeexpresslyorimpliedlymadeknowntotheselleratthetimeoftheconclusionofthecontract,exceptwherethecircumstancesshowthatthebuyerdidnotrely,orthatitwasunreasonableforhimtorelyontheseller’sskillandjudgment.Aguidelineforwritingpackingrelatedletters(1)Theinstructionsandrequirementsneedtobeclearanddetailedforeasyandpossiblehandling.(2)Foranyinstructions,itisbettertohavethemstipulatedasclausesincontractsororders.(3)Thestipulationofthepackingclausesneedstobespecificanddefinitetoavoidanyfuturedisputes.(4)Therightsandobligationsofthebuyerandtheseller,especiallytheclauseofwhichpartytobeartheextracostsincurredfrompackingwhenabovestandardrequirementsareinvolved,needtobestipulatedclearly.(5)Accordingtointernationaltradepractice,shippingmarksareusuallydesignatedbytheexporter,anditisnotnecessarytospecifytheminthecontract.Shippingmarkscanalsobedefinitelyspecifiedattheimporter’srequest.Ifitisstipulatedinthecontractthattheimporterwilldesignatetheshippingmarks,adeadlineforthedesignatedshippingmarksshouldbeset,anditshouldbealsoindicatedthattheexportershalldecidetheshippingmarksiftheimporterfailstoprovidetheexporterwithdetailsoftheshippingmarksintime.10.2SpecimenLettersAskingforpackingandmarkingrequirements

Buyer’sinstructionsonpackingandmarkingRecommendationtothebuyeronpacking

Advisingthebuyerofpackingandshippingmark

Complainingandclaimingforinadequatepacking

SampleLettersincludethefollowingsubjects:

DearSirs,

Re:PackingforT-shirtsWethankyouforyourletterdatedJuly6,enclosingyourordernumbered4319for5000dozenT-shirts.

However,uponexaminationofthetermsintheorder,wehavenoticedthatotherthantheclausewordedas“seaworthypacking”,therearenodetailedrequirementsforpackingthegoods.Fromourpreviousexperiences,wefeelitcancauseconfusionandmisunderstandingintheexecutionofyourorderandmayevenresultindisputeswhenclaiminglossesfrominsurancecompanies.Ifyoucouldelaborateabitmoreonthisparticularprovision,wewouldappreciateitverymuchsinceitwillnotonlygiveusmorepreciseinstructionsonwhattodo,butalsoprovidebettercoveragewheninsuranceistobeinvolved.

Wearelookingforwardtoyourdetailedpackinginstructions.

Yoursfaithfully,Letter10-1

DearSirs,

Re:PackingforT-shirts

Thankyouforyourletterconcerningthepackingofourproducts.Pleasefollowtheinstructionsinthisletterforthepackingofthecaptionedgoods.

PleasepacktheT-shirtswithsimpleindividualwrappingandstackintwocolumnstofitintocartonswith100piecesineach.Itwouldbeappreciatedifyoucouldsealandstrapthecartonsforextrastrengthanditisalsonecessarytolineeachcartonwithwaterproofmaterialtoprotectthegoodsfromrainormoisturedamage.Itwouldbeidealifyoucouldputfourcartonsintoonecrateforextraprotection.Theuseofcrateswillalsoallowtheporttouseslingsfortheloadingandunloading,whichwillhelpprotecttheproducts.

Sincehooksmightdamagetheclothesinsidethecartonboxes,itisadvisablethatyouputthesign“USENOHOOKS”outsidethepackagefortheattentionofthestevedores.Othermarksshouldincludeourcompany’sabbreviation,quantitiesineachcarton,andthenumberandtotalnumberofcartonsforthewholeconsignment.

Wedonotrequirespecificdesignsfortheinnerpackingsincetheseproductswillbesoldasno-frilleconomicmerchandiseonly.

Wehopethesepackingrequirementscanbemetandawaityourearlyshipment.

Yoursfaithfully,Letter10-2DearSirs,ThankyouforyourpromptreplytoourrequestforpackinginstructionsforthegoodsyouorderedonJuly6.Wewouldbemostwillingtofollowandcarryoutthepackingasyouinstructed.However,fromourusualhandlingexperience,wewouldliketopointoutthatthereissomethingnotsopracticalinyourrequestandthereforewouldliketomakethefollowingsuggestionsforyourconsideration.

1.Therequirementofplacing100piecesofT-shirtsonlyintoeachcartonwillwastetoomuchspaceinthecarton,sinceastandardexportcartonwouldbeabletocontain250piecesofourproductsifpackedasstandingrollsinsteadofflatsheets.Sincetheproductswillbesoldinbasiceconomicpackageonly,itwouldnotharmthemiftheyarerolledupforstorage.Thiscansimplycutdownthenumberofcartonstobeusedfrom600to240,andreducethecostofpackagetolessthanhalfoftheoriginal.Wehopeyoualsolikethisideaandwouldagreethatwegoaheadwithourusualpacking.

2.Theuseofcratesforevery4cartonswouldalsoseemtobeanunusualrequestsinceT-shirtsarenotfragileorheavyproductsthatcanbeeasilydamaged.Theuseofcrateswillnotonlyincreasethecostsofpacking,butalsoincreasetheweightofthewholeconsignment,disproportionaltotheweightofthemerchandiseandthereforegreatlyincreasethefreightcost.However,ifyoudoinsistontheuseofcrates,wouldyoubehappytocoverextracostsincurred?Abetterchoicewouldbetostackthe240cartonsintoone20ftcontainerinstead,whichcanprovetobemuchsaferandeconomical.

Wehopetohaveyourconfirmationontheaboveatyourearliestconvenience.Yoursfaithfully,Letter10-3

DearSirs,WearepleasedtoinformyouthatyourOrderNo.4319willsoonbereadyforshipmentaslongasyouhaveconfirmedthefollowingdetailsforpackingandmarkingofthegoodsasdiscussedinourearliercorrespondence.

Packing:all5000dozenT-shirtsarepacked250piecestoonestandardexportcarton,linedwithwaterproofmaterial.TheT-shirtsarewrappedwithpolyesterbags,rolledupandpackedintothecartons.Thetotal240cartonsarethenpackedintoone20ftcontainerforconvenienceofshipment.

Marking:thecartonsaremarked“USENOHOOKS”，andthelogoofyourcompanycomesabovethelineofthedestinationport.Thebottomlineconsistsofyourordernumberandtotalnumberofcartonsoftheconsignment.

Wehopethepackingandmarkingareuptoyourrequirements.Pleaseconfirmassoonaspossiblesothatwecanpackaccordinglyforearlyshipment.

Yoursfaithfully,Letter10-4DearSirs,

Re:OrderNo.4319

ThecaptionedgoodsyoushippedonAugust14arrivedhereyesterday.Whileweappreciatethequalityandmakeoftheproducts,wearedisappointedaboutthepackingofthegoods.

WeaskedforindividualpackingoftheT-shirtsbeingpackedinflatlayersinsidecartonboxes.Howeveratyoursuggestion,weagreedtopackthemrolledupinordertosavepackingspace.Unfortunately,becauseofthespecialmaterialweuseforthiskindofT-shirtandthepracticeofrollingthemupandsqueezingintocartonsinlargenumbers,theT-shirtshavecomeoutofthecartonscreasedandarerenderedunsuitableforsaledirectly.

TohavetheseT-shirtsironedandwrappedagainwillcostusalotsinceourlabourcostsaremuchhigherthanthoseinChina,andontheotherhand,ifwehavethemshippedbackforrepackingwewillalsoincuralargeamountoffreightcharge.

Wehopethatyouwillimmediatelytakethismatterintoyourcarefulconsiderationandfavouruswithapromptsolutionbyfax.

Yoursfaithfully,Letter10-5ExcersisesPracticemakesperfect

otherthanreinforcelinewell-intentionedinsistonrenderontopofdesignateconsistofturnoutincaseofwrapstencilintransituptoincasefavourseaworthybearstand

1

Fillintheblankswiththewordsandphrasesgiveninthebox.Changetheformswherenecessary.Exercises(1)Wearepreparedtousecardboardboxesfortheouterpacking.Besides,we’ll_______theboxeswithironstrapsandlinethemwithplasticsheets.(2)ThisisachoicevarietyofChinesetea,whichyoucangetnowhere______fromus.(3)Thecoat_________silk,soitseemsalittleexpensive.(4)Wehaveputthedamagedcoffeesetsaside_______youneedthemtosupportaclaimonyoursuppliersforcompensation.(5)Wewouldremindyouthislowprice_______possibleonlybyoursystemofmassproduction.(6)Weshallbegladtoreceiveanyorderwithwhichyoucareto_______us.(7)Shouldyoucontinuetodealwiththatcompany,wewouldadviseyouto_______paymentbyL/C.(8)Oncarefulexaminationofyoursamples,wefoundthecottoninquestionwell_________standardsinquality.(9)Though_________,manyoftheseeffortswereillfatedfromthebeginning.(10)Theydidn’tshipourorderintimeandeven,________that,askedusiftheycoulddelaytheshipmenttilltheendofthismonth.otherthan

reinforceincaseislinedwithisrenderedfavourinsiston

upto

well-intentionedontopof(11)YourL/CNo.K090811________theportoftransshipmentwhichisinconsistentwiththeterms“Transshipmentallowed”inourS/CNo.KM09101.(12)We’llmakesurethatthepackingis_______,butwecan’tcommitourselvestobeingresponsibleforeverykindofmishap.(13)Properpackingisstrongenoughto_______longseavoyage,roughhandling,joltingandshock,andtodiscouragepilferage;otherwise,thegoodsareterriblyrustyanddamaged.(14)Theshippingmarksusually________thefollowingcontents:abbreviationsorinitialsofaconsignee,referencenumber(suchassalesconfirmation,order,orletterofcredit),theportofdestinationandthepackagenumber.(15)Wecanmeetyourspecialrequirementsforpackingbuttheextrapackingchargesshould________byyou.(16)Youwillnotethatourpackinghasbeengreatlyimprovedwiththeresultthatallourrecentshipments________tothesatisfactionofourclients.(17)Theyfearthattheinsurancecompanywillsay,________damageorpilferage,thatthegoodsarenotpackedforoceantransportationandwillnotpaycompensationforsuchlosses.(18)Thepiecegoodsareto________inkraftpaperandthenpackedinwoodencases.(19)PleasemarkourinitialsSBBinadiamond,underwhichtheportofdestinationandourordernumbershould________orprinted.(20)Pleaseimproveyourpackingsoastoavoidanydamage_______andfacilitatethepromotionofsales.designatesseaworthystandconsistofbebornehaveturnedoutincaseofbewrappedbestenciledintransit(1)_______,usuallymadeofjute,aresuitablefortransportingsuchcargoesascement,fertilizer,flour,oilcakes,animalfeedingproducts,chemicals,etc.A.Bales B.Sacks C.Cartons D.Cases(2)_______areakindofportableplatformintendedforhandling,storing,ormovingmaterialsandpackages.A.FlexiblecontainersB.Largemetalcontainers C.CorrugatedboxesD.Pallets(3)_______iscomposedofabbreviationsofaconsignee,referencenumber,theportofdestinationandthepackagenumber.A.AshippingmarkB.AnindicativemarkC.AwarningmarkD.Asubsidiarymark(4)_______,alsocalleddangerouscargomarks,areusedtoremindthecargohandlerstotakenecessarysafetymeasures.A.Indicativemarks B.WarningmarksC.Shippingmarks D.Subsidiarymarks(5)_______shouldclearlystipulatethepackingmaterial,mannerofpacking,packingspecification,packingexpensestobeborne,shippingmarksandsoon.A.Qualityclause B.QuantityclauseC.ShippingclauseD.PackingclauseDBBAC2.Choosethebestanswertocompletethefollowingsentences.(6)Accordingtointernationaltradepractice,shippingmarksareusuallydesignatedby________anditisnotnecessarytospecifytheminthecontract. A.theimporter B.theexporter C.thecarrier D.theforwarder(7)Theadoptionofcontainershasfacilitated_______toagreatextent.A.toloadandunload B.theloadingandunloading C.ustoloadandunloadD.tohaveloadedandunloaded(8)Asrequested,wewillhavethegoods________inwoodencases,butyouhavetobeartheextra________charges.A.packing,repackedB.repacked,packingC.packing,packingD.package,repacked(9)WesincerelyhopethegoodsunderyourOrderNo.123willreachyou________.A.ingoodconditionsB.inthegoodconditionsC.inagoodconditionD.ingoodcondition(10)Outerpacking________stenciledwithshippingmarks.A.isnotalwaysB.maybeC.mustbeD.isusuallynotBDCBB(11)Thelosswasduetoimproperpacking,________thesuppliersshouldberesponsible.

A.forwhichB.towhichC.inwhichD.which(12)TheimportersuggestedthatthepackingofT-shirts________improved.A.hastobeB.wastobeC.wouldbeD.be(13)Wegiveyouontheattachedsheetfulldetailsregardingpackingandmarking,whichmustbestrictly________.A.abidebyB.submittedC.observedDseen(14)Weregretthatwehavesufferedheavyloss________yourimproperpacking.A.resultedfromB.resultingfromC.resultedinC.resultingin(15)Whenunpackingthecasewefoundthatthegoodsdidnot_______withtheoriginalsample.A.matchB.comeupC.agreeD.measureCCDBAExercises3.Supplythemissingwordsintheblanksofthefollowingletter.

DearSirs,

Thankyou______yourletter______September20,2009.Weconfirmthatwearestillofferingourrange______luxuryfoods______thepricesquoted______ourinitialoffer______you.

Weunderstandyourconcern_______packingandassureyouthatwetakeeverypossibleprecautiontoensurethatourproductsreachourcustomersallovertheworld_______primecondition._______yourinformation,“Ariel”caviarispackedasfollows:

Eachjariswrapped_______tissuepaper______beingplacedinitsindividualdecorativecardboardbox.Theboxesarethenpacked____strongcardboardscartons,twelve______acarton,separated______eachother______corrugatedpaperdividers.Thecartonsarethenpacked_____strongwoodencrates.Sincethecratesarespeciallymadetoholdtwenty-fourcartons,thereisnodanger______movement_____them.Inaddition,thecratesarelined_____waterproof,airtightmaterial.Thelidsaresecured_____nailing,andthecratesarestrapped_____metalbands.

Inthecase_____consignmentsbeingsenttoyou,transshipment_____BuenosAireswillbenecessary,soeachcasewillbemarked_____detailsrequired______theArgentineauthorities,aswellas_____yourownmark,details_____weight,etc.,andsymbolsrepresentingthefollowingwarningsanddirections:USENOHOOKS!STOWAWAYFROMHEAT!THISSIDEUP,andDONOTDROP.

Youwillbecompletelysatisfied______ouranswer______yourquestions,andwearelookingforward_______receivingorders______you.

Yoursfaithfully

for/of/of/at/in/to/over/in/For/in(with)/before/in/to/from/by/in/of/inside/with/by/with/of/at/with/by/with/of/with/to/to/from/KEYExercises4.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.(1)產品包裝費用受產品包裝方式、運輸距離、價格條款、包裝材料等因素的制約。(1)Thecostofpackingissubjecttothemodeofpacking,distanceoftransportation,pricetermsandkindsofpackingmaterial.(2)紙板箱相對來說較輕，容易搬運,不會和其它重貨堆置在一起。另外，我們會用鐵皮帶加固紙板箱。(2)Thecartonsarecomparativelylightandthereforeeasytohandle.Theywon’tbestowedwithotherheavycargoes.Besides,we’llreinforcethecartonswithironstraps.(3)我們將嚴格按照貴方包裝指示對你方訂單09208項下的貨物進行包裝。(3)WewillpackthegoodsunderyourOrderNo.09208exactlyinstrictaccordancewithyourinstruction.(4)對于我們T恤衫的包裝，我們將每一件以聚乙烯袋來包裝，這樣可以直接用于櫥窗展示。(4)AstothepackingofourT-shirts,weuseapolythenewrapperforeacharticle,allreadyforwindowdisplay.

(5)我們的客戶擔心，萬一貨物受損或被盜，保險公司會因這批貨物的包裝不適合海運而不給予賠償.(5)Ourclientsfearth