寫作專題：第6周-非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的寫作

第六周非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的寫作眾所周知，作文中出現(xiàn)過多的簡(jiǎn)單句會(huì)讓人覺得單調(diào)乏味，句子與句子之間的關(guān)系顯得松散；而文章中過多地出現(xiàn)復(fù)合句又顯得累贅，讀起來費(fèi)勁。恰當(dāng)?shù)剡\(yùn)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞對(duì)簡(jiǎn)單句和復(fù)合句進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換，不僅句型多樣，句子活潑，而且讀起來結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊，言簡(jiǎn)意明。一、運(yùn)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換簡(jiǎn)單句寫作時(shí)，我們可以利用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞對(duì)兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換，使其成為較高級(jí)的表達(dá)方式。轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí)可采用三步法。eq\x(\a\al(第一步：寫出兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句。,第二步：找準(zhǔn)兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句的對(duì)接點(diǎn)，讓一個(gè)句子作為主干，另一個(gè)句子用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行改寫。,第三步：判斷應(yīng)用何種非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，把握好時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)，最后連接起來。))[示例]第一步：寫出兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句。①Ifeelquitesorryforthat.②Ibegintothinkaboutwhattodotohelp.第二步：讓句②作主句，用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞改寫句①。第三步：句①表示原因，其動(dòng)詞feel與主語(yǔ)I之間為主謂關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作原因狀語(yǔ)。Feelingquitesorryforthat,Ibegintothinkaboutwhattodotohelp.(2013·陜西高考滿分作文)其他幾個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)換的例子如下：1．另一方面，我將幫著建立英語(yǔ)角，提供給我們學(xué)生一個(gè)練習(xí)英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)的平臺(tái)。Ontheotherhand,IwillhelpsetuptheEnglishcorner.IwillprovideusstudentsaplatformtopracticeouroralEnglish.→Ontheotherhand,IwillhelpsetuptheEnglishcorner,providingusstudentsaplatformtopracticeouroralEnglish.(2013·天津高考滿分作文)(現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ))2．這兒的人都喜歡湯姆寫的那本小說。Allthepeopleherelikethenovel.ItiswrittenbyTom.→AllthepeopleherelikethenovelwrittenbyTom.(過去分詞作定語(yǔ))3．我們應(yīng)該多講英語(yǔ)。我們認(rèn)為這是很重要的。WeshouldspeakmoreEnglish.Wethinkitisveryimportant.→WethinkitveryimportanttospeakmoreEnglish.(it作形式賓語(yǔ)，不定式作真正賓語(yǔ))[即時(shí)演練]運(yùn)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換簡(jiǎn)單句1．Weweretouchedbytheteacher'swords.Wedecidedtoworkhard.(用過去分詞作狀語(yǔ))Touched_by_the_teacher's_words,_we_decided_to_work_hard.2．Ididn'treceiveherletter.Ihadtowriteagain.(用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ))Not_having_received_her_letter,_I_had_to_write_again.3．Theboycametoschoollateagain.Thismadetheteacherveryangry.(用動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ))The_boy's_coming_to_school_late_again_made_the_teacher_very_angry.4．Theboysweremakingthemostoftime.Theywantedtofinishtheworkearlier.(用不定式作目的狀語(yǔ))The_boys_were_making_the_most_of_time_(so_as)_to_finish_the_work_earlier.5．Isawanoldgranny.Shelayontheground.Iwentovertohelpher.(用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ))Seeing_an_old_granny_lying_on_the_ground,_I_went_over_to_help_her.二、運(yùn)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換復(fù)合句用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換復(fù)合句比轉(zhuǎn)換簡(jiǎn)單句要容易一些，因?yàn)樾柁D(zhuǎn)換的一般是從句部分，這時(shí)只需要判斷用何種非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，再把握好時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)即可，所以只需兩步。[示例]第一步：寫出復(fù)合句。Afterwehadpracticedplayingbasketballforalmosttwomonths,westronglydesiredtobethewinner.第二步：把a(bǔ)fter引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句轉(zhuǎn)換為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，practice與we之間為主謂關(guān)系，且表示完成，故用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成時(shí)作狀語(yǔ)?！鶫avingpracticedplayingbasketballforalmosttwomonths,westronglydesiredtobethewinner.(2013·湖南高考滿分作文)其他幾個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)換的例子如下：1．驚詫于他們的熟練程度，我決心要像他們一樣好。BecauseIwasamazedathowskillfultheywere,Ideterminedtobejustasgood.→Amazedathowskillfultheywere,Ideterminedtobejustasgood.(2013·浙江高考滿分作文)(過去分詞作狀語(yǔ))2．看到一輛車朝她而來，我伸出手把她拉了回來。WhenIsawacarrunningtowardsher,Ireachedmyhandoutandpulledherback.→Seeingacarrunningtowardsher,Ireachedmyhandoutandpulledherback.(2013·安徽高考滿分作文)(現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ))3．這里曾有一家化肥廠，位于城市的南邊。它每天釋放出大量有毒氣體，污染環(huán)境。Therewasalargefactory,whichproducedfertilizer.Everydayitgaveoutalotofpoisonousgas,whichpollutedtheenvironment.→Therewasalargefactory,whichproducedfertilizer.Everydayitgaveoutalotofpoisonousgas,pollutingtheenvironment.簡(jiǎn)析：“原句”中分別由which引導(dǎo)兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，重復(fù)且單調(diào)，將第二個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句轉(zhuǎn)換為現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)后，不僅表達(dá)多樣，而且言簡(jiǎn)意明。4．由于老師的幫助，我的英語(yǔ)進(jìn)步很大。因?yàn)槲业挠⒄Z(yǔ)進(jìn)步很大，我確信我能考上更好的大學(xué)。Becausemyteacherhelpsme,myEnglishhasgreatlyimproved.BecausemyEnglishhasgreatlyimproved,I'msureIwillgotoabetteruniversity.→Withmyteacherhelpingme,myEnglishhasgreatlyimproved.BecausemyEnglishhasgreatlyimproved,I'msureIwillgotoabetteruniversity.簡(jiǎn)析：“原句”兩處重復(fù)出現(xiàn)由because引導(dǎo)的從句，讀起來很別扭。換用“with＋現(xiàn)在分詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)”后，讀起來給人的感覺大不一樣。[即時(shí)演練]運(yùn)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換復(fù)合句1．Assoonastheysawafewpeoplestillintheburninghouse,theyrushedintoittosavethemwithouthesitation.→On_seeing_a_few_people_still_in_the_burning_house,_theyrushedintoittosavethemwithouthesitation.2．Wethinkitisnecessarythatmiddleschoolstudentsshouldlearnaforeignlanguageandwealsothinkthatitispossiblethattheycanmasterone.→Wethinkitisnecessarythatmiddleschoolstudentsshouldlearnaforeignlanguageandwealsothinkit_possible_for_them_to_master_one.3．Itookpartinthemeeting,whichwasheldinBeijinglastFriday.Itwasveryinstructive,whichwashostedbyamanagerwhocametoourcompanyyesterday.→Itookpartinthemeetingheld_in_BeijinglastFriday.Itwasveryinstructive,whichwashostedbyamanagercoming_to_our_companyyesterday.4．Motherwenttoworkinahurry,andshedidn'thavebreakfast.Shewasasbusyasabeethesedaysandcamebackhomeverylate.→Motherwenttoworkinahurrywithout_having_breakfast.Shewasasbusyasabeethesedays,coming_back_home_very_late.三、運(yùn)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換短文(根據(jù)一般表達(dá)寫出該短文的高級(jí)表達(dá))北京市有大量的出租車司機(jī)，他們每天全心全意地為乘客服務(wù)，對(duì)北京市的交通發(fā)揮著重要作用。他們起早貪黑，賺錢養(yǎng)家糊口。有一次，我下車時(shí)不小心把手機(jī)忘在了車上，但當(dāng)我和司機(jī)同志聯(lián)系上之后，他立即開車把手機(jī)送到了我的家門口，讓我感動(dòng)不已。一般表達(dá)：TherearealargenumberoftaxidriversinBeijing.Theyservepassengersheartandsoul.TheyplayanimportantpartinthetrafficofBeijing.Theymakesomemoney.Theyworkfromdawntillnight.Oneday,IleftmycellphoneinthetaxiItook.Igotintouchwiththedriver.Hedrovetomyhomeandgaveitbacktome.Iwasveryexcited.高級(jí)表達(dá)：TherearealargenumberoftaxidriversinBeijing,servingpassengersheartandsoulandplayinganimportantpartinthetrafficofBeijing.Inordertomakesomemoneytosupporttheirfamilies,theyworkfromdawntillnight.Oneday,IgotoutofthetaxiinahurrywithmycellphoneleftinthetaxiItook.Onhearingwhathadhappened,thetaxidriverdrovetomyhomeasfastaspossibleandgavethecellphonebacktome.Seeingmycellphoneagain,Iwastooexcitedtosayaword.[即時(shí)演練]運(yùn)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換短文大城市里高樓大廈林立，房?jī)r(jià)越來越高。一方面，很多人無房居住，另一方面，大量房子卻賣不出去。不少人即使買了一套住房，恐怕也要一輩子辛辛苦苦工作來還銀行貸款。我們希望政府采取措施，關(guān)心這些收入不高的人群。一般表達(dá)：Therearemoreandmoretallbuildingsinbigcities.Theirpricesaregoingupdaybyday.Ononehand,therearestilllotsofpeople.Theyhavenohousestolivein.Ontheotherhand,manyapartmentsarehardtobesoldout.Evenifyoubuyanapartment,I'mafraidyouhavetopayoffthemoneyyouborrowfromthebank.Youwillworkharddayandnightallyourlife.Idohopeourgovernmentcantakestrongmeasurestosolvethehousingproblemandtakecareofthepeople.Theirincomesarelow.高級(jí)表達(dá)：Therearemoreandmoretallbuildingsinbigcities,withtheirpricesgoingupdaybyday.Ononehand,therearestilllotsofpeoplehavingnohousestolivein.Ontheotherhand,manyapartmentsarehardtobesoldout.Evenifyouhaveboughtanapartment,I'mafraidyouhavetotrytopayoffthemoneyborrowedfromthebank,workingharddayandnightallyourlife.Idohopeourgovernmentcantakestrongmeasurestosolvethehousingproblem,showinggreatconcernforthepeoplewhoseincomesarenothighenough.[綜合演練提升]請(qǐng)按以下內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)寫一篇英語(yǔ)短文，盡可能多地使用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。1．在陰歷1月1日慶賀中國(guó)的陰歷(lunar)年，也被稱作春節(jié)，受到全世界所有中國(guó)人的喜愛。2．像世界上許多其他人一樣，中國(guó)喜歡慶賀他們傳統(tǒng)的節(jié)日和春天的到來。3．在春節(jié)，大部分中國(guó)人更愿意待在家里，吃大餐、與家人聊天；其他一些人可能會(huì)去走訪朋友或者度長(zhǎng)假。4．另外，人們會(huì)在新年的到來之際說“新年快樂”以表達(dá)良好的祝愿。5．這也是孩子們的節(jié)日，