外研版中考英語定語從句語法課件

定語從句TheAttributiveClauseTheboywhoisreadingabookoverthereismyfriend.Heismyfriend.Heisreadingabookoverthere.Declanisafamoussinger.Hesingsthesongtellmewhy.Declanisafamoussingerwhosingsthesongtellmewhy.在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或者代詞用作定語的句子就叫做定語從句。被定語從句修飾的詞，叫先行詞。引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有：定語從句關(guān)系代詞：who,

whomwhose,

which,that

關(guān)系副詞：when,

where關(guān)系代詞的句法功能及指代功能關(guān)系代詞處在先行詞和定語從句之間，身兼三職：連接主從句的紐帶、指代先行詞和在從句中充當(dāng)某種句子成分?，F(xiàn)在我們將常用的關(guān)系代詞的指代功能和在句子中的句法功能總結(jié)如下：指代人指代物指代人或物主語whowhichthat賓語whom/whowhichthat定語whose(=ofwhom)whose(=ofwhich)在從句中的作用指代功能定語從句的位置定語從句一定放在被修飾的成分之后。e.g.Thisis

thecar

whichheboughtlastyear.先行詞定語從句Doyouknowthedoctor?Hespokejustnow.

Doyouknowthedoctor

whospokejustnow?whom指人,在從句中作賓語,可省略。e.g.Doyouknowtheman

(whom)

wesawattheBeijingHotel?ThegirlisfromAmerica.Icalledherjustnow.Thegirl

(whom)Icalledjustnow

isfromAmerica.which指物,在句中作主語或賓語,作賓語時(shí)可以省略。

e.g.I’mnotinterestedinthebook

which

hasjustbeenpublished.appletheredthegreenthesmallthebigTheapplewhichisredismine.Theapplewhichisgreenisyours.Theapplewhichisredissmall.Theapplewhichisgreenisbig.Ihavereadthenewspaper.Itcarriestheimportantnews.Ihavereadthenewspaper

whichcarriestheimportantnews.Ishowedhimtheletter.Ireceiveditthismorning.Ishowedhimtheletter(which)Ireceivedthismorning.that指人或物，在從句中做主語或賓語,作賓語時(shí)可以省略。e.g.ThehousethatI’mgoingtobuyfacessouth.They’retalkingaboutthefilm.Ihaveseenthefilm.They’retalkingaboutthefilm(that)I’veseen.ItwaswrittenbyLaoshe.Janehasborrowedthebook.JanehasborrowedthebookthatwaswrittenbyLaoshe.*先行詞前有下列詞語修飾時(shí)，定語從句必須用that引導(dǎo)。all,every,any,little,few,much,no,only,very,the+序數(shù)詞,the+形容詞最高級(jí)e.g.Thisisthecleanestpark

thatyoucanimagine.Hetalkedaboutthethingsandpersons

hehadvisitedinthecity.*在who或which引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句中，限制性定語從句必須用that引導(dǎo)。that

e.g.Whoisthemanisstandingoverthere.thate.g.Thisistheonlybook

thathasbeenwritteninFrench.*先行詞在從句中作表語時(shí),限制性定語從句通常用that引導(dǎo)。(常可省略)e.g.Sheisnolongerthegirlthatshewasbeforeshewenttothecountry.Thatisthenewmachine.Thepartsofitaretoosmalltosee.That’sthemachinewhosepartsaretoosmalltosee.當(dāng)先行詞是one,ones,anybody,anyone,all,none,those等,指人時(shí)一般用who,不用that。e.g.Thosewhowanttogotothecinemawillhavetowaitatthegateoftheschool.

在以疑問詞who開頭的句子中,或關(guān)系代詞在從句中作表語時(shí),用that,不用who。e.g.Whoisthemanthatisshoutingthere?Sheisnotthegirlthatsheusedtobe.

先行詞是人,從句中缺動(dòng)詞賓語或介詞 賓語時(shí),用whom或that(介詞后不用 that)。e.g.Theteacherwantstoreturnthebooktothegirlfromwhomheborrowedit.

Heisthestudent(whom,who,that)youwanttosee.關(guān)系代詞that,which,whom在從句中作賓語時(shí)可省略掉。但放在介詞后面時(shí)則不可省略。

*

whose指人或物，在從句中作定語。Thegirlgotfirst.Herfatherhadgivenusareport.Thegirlwhosefather

hadgivenusareportgotfirst.e.g.That’sthemanwhosehousewas

burneddown.I.根據(jù)所給漢語提示，用定語從句完成下列句子。Thisisthebestfilm________________ _____(我看過的).(that)Ihaveeverseen2.Hehasadaughter_________________ ____________(