國際商務(wù)函電Unit 8 Payment

Unit8TermsofPayment支付(zhīfù)方式精品資料ObjectivesToknowaboutpaymenttermsTolearnthephrasesandexpressionsaboutpaymentTolearnhowtowriteabusinessletteraboutpayment精品資料Paymentisoneofthemostimportantstepsininternationaltrade.Themethodofpaymentforeachtransactionistobeagreeduponbetweenthetwotradingpartiesatthetimeofplacinganorder.Threemethodsingeneral:Remittance匯付Collection托收

L/C(letterofcredit)信用證I.Introduction精品資料1、creditinstruments信用工具

2、modesofpayment支付(zhīfù)方式

3、documents單據(jù)InternationalSettlement國際(guójì)結(jié)算精品資料

InternationalsettlementNotes(票據(jù))

BillofExchange/draft匯票(huìpiào)

PromissoryNotes本票

Check支票

1.CreditInstruments信用(xìnyòng)工具Note/billisanunconditionalorderinwritingrequiringthepayertopayasumofmoneytothebearerortotheorderofathirdpersonatafixedtime.精品資料InternationalsettlementNotesBillofExchange（匯票(huìpiào)）:isanunconditionalorderinwritingpreparedbyoneparty(drawer)andaddressedtoanother(drawee)directingthedraweetopayaspecifiedsumofmoneytotheorderofathirdperson(payee),ortothebearer,ondemandoratafixedanddeterminablefuturetime.PromissoryNote（本票）:isanunconditionalorderinwritingmadebyoneparty(issuer)topayasumofmoneytotheother(payee),eitheratafixedordeterminablefuturetimeorondemandofthepayee,underspecificterms.Check（支票）:isdefinedasanunconditionalorderinwritingdrawnonabank(drawee)signedbythedrawer,requiringabanktopayondemandacertainsumofmoneytotheorderofanamedpersonortothebearer.精品資料Samplefordraft精品資料2.ModesofPayment支付(zhīfù)方式Remittance匯付MailTransfer(M/T)信匯TelegraphicTransfer(T/T)電匯DemandDraft(D/D)票匯DocumentaryCollection跟單托收D/P付款交單D/Patsight即期付款交單D/Paftersight遠(yuǎn)期付款交單D/A承兌交單L/C信用證精品資料Remittancemeansthetransferofmoneyfromthebuyertothesellerthroughabankcontracted.mailtransfer(M/T)信匯(xìnhuì)telegraphictransfer(T/T)電匯demanddraft(D/D)票匯Generally,onlywhenthetransactionsarerathersmallandthefinanceinvolvedissmalltoocanremittancebeaccepted.Paymentforsamplespostage,commissionsandsmallordersisusuallymadebyT/T.Remittance匯付精品資料Remittance匯付T/T（電匯）:isamethodoftransferringfundsbytelecommunicationsystemsuchastelexorcable.Thoughitisdoneatafastspeed,thecostisrelativelyhigh.ButSWIFT(環(huán)球同業(yè)銀行(yínháng)金融電信學(xué)會(huì))membersareabletotransferfundsatamuchlowercost.D/D（票匯）:thetransfercanbemadebyacheckthatissoldtoitscustomer.Abankinstructsanotherbranch/banktopayupondemandacertainamounttothepayeespecifiedonthecheck.Thischeckiscalledabanker’sdemanddraft.M/T(信匯)：meanstotransfermoneybymail.SocietyforWorldwideInterbankFinancialTelecommunication匯款人向當(dāng)?shù)?dāngdì)銀行交付本國貨幣，由銀行開具付款委托書（paymentorder），用航空郵寄交國外銀行辦理付出外匯業(yè)務(wù)。精品資料Copyright2009byLaoPing,FromLingnanCollege,SunYat-senUniversityRelevantpartiesinremittance匯款人（Remitter）受款人（PayeeorBeneficiary）匯出行(chūxíng)（RemittingBank）匯入行（PayingBank）,又稱解付行精品資料Copyright2009byLaoPing,FromLingnanCollege,SunYat-senUniversityT/T,M/Tflowchart精品資料Copyright2009byLaoPing,FromLingnanCollege,SunYat-senUniversitySWIFT簡介(jiǎnjiè)SWIFT是“SocietyWorldwideInterbankFinancialTelecommunication”環(huán)球同業(yè)銀行金融電訊協(xié)會(huì)”的英文簡稱。是國際銀行同業(yè)間非營利性的國際合作組織，成立(chénglì)于一九七三年，總部設(shè)在比利時(shí)的布魯塞爾。精品資料Copyright2009byLaoPing,FromLingnanCollege,SunYat-senUniversitySWIFT的特點(diǎn)(tèdiǎn)1.SWIFT需要會(huì)員資格。我國的大多數(shù)專業(yè)銀行都是其成員。2.SWIFT的費(fèi)用較低。同樣多的內(nèi)容，SWIFT的費(fèi)用只有TELEX（電傳）的18%左右，只有CABLE（電報(bào)）的2.5%左右。3.SWIFT的安全性較高。SWIFT的密押比電傳的密押可靠性強(qiáng)、保密性高，且具有(jùyǒu)較高的自動(dòng)化。4.SWIFT的格式具有(jùyǒu)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化。對(duì)于SWIFT電文，SWIFT組織有著統(tǒng)一的要求和格式。精品資料Collection(托收)meansthattheexporterdrawsadraftaftershipmentandtheninstructsthebanktocollecttheamountofmoneyfromtheimporter.Itincludes:DocumentsagainstPayment(D/P)付款交單D/Patsight即期(jíqī)付款交單D/Paftersight遠(yuǎn)期付款交單DocumentsagainstAcceptance(D/A)承兌交單Collection托收精品資料Relevantpartiesinvolved委托人（Principal）托收行（RemittingBank）代收行（CollectingBank）提示行（PresentingBank）付款人（Payer）精品資料Principal委托人Remittingbank托收行Collectingbank代收行Payer付款人13765428精品資料Collection托收D/P（付款交單）:meansthatthecollectingbankwillnottransfertheshippingdocumentstotheimporteruntilhehaspaidtheamountofmoneyinquestion.D/Patsight（即期付款交單）：requiresimmediatepaymentbytheimportertogetholdofdocuments.D/Paftersight（遠(yuǎn)期(yuǎnqī)付款交單）:theimporterisgivenacertainperiodtomakepaymentat30,45or60daysafterpresentationofthedocuments,butheisnotallowedtogetholdofthedocumentsuntilhepay.D/A（承兌交單）：meansthatthecollectingbankwilltransfertheshippingdocumentstotheimporterafterheacceptsthedraft.精品資料精品資料分析(fēnxī)D/P遠(yuǎn)期與D/A是否為同一性質(zhì)出口商應(yīng)加強(qiáng)對(duì)進(jìn)口商的信用風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制(kòngzhì)意識(shí)精品資料代收行未完全執(zhí)行托收行指示(zhǐshì)的責(zé)任問題在一筆托收業(yè)務(wù)中，托收行在托收指示中規(guī)定：“DOCSTOBERELEASEDONLYAGAINSTACCEPTANCE“以及“PAYMENTONDUEDATETOBEGUARANTEEDBYXXXBANK（代收行）。TESTEDTLXTOTHISEFFECTREQUIRED.”代收行辦理承兌交單后，向托收行寄出承兌通知書，明確指出“THEBILLACCEPTEDBYDRAWEE”，到期日為1994年9月13日。不久，當(dāng)托收行查詢有關(guān)承兌情況時(shí)，代收行復(fù)電再次告知“DOCSHAVEBEENACCEPTEDBYDRAWEETOMATUREON940913?！痹谏鲜龀袃锻ㄖ獣安樵兇饛?fù)中，代收行均未標(biāo)明擔(dān)保貨款，亦未發(fā)出承諾擔(dān)保的電傳：托收行亦未就此提出任何異議。承兌匯票到期后，進(jìn)口商拒付貨款，代收行即向托收行發(fā)出拒付通知。托收行認(rèn)為托收指示中要求憑代收行到期付款的擔(dān)保放單，而代收行已將單據(jù)放給付款人，因此(yīncǐ)要求立即付款。代收行反駁道，放單是基于付款人的承兌，代收行根據(jù)國際商會(huì)第522號(hào)出版物沒有擔(dān)保到期付款的責(zé)任。雖經(jīng)多次交涉，此糾紛仍未得到解決。精品資料案例(ànlì)分析本案爭論的焦點(diǎn)是代收行未完全執(zhí)行托收指示的責(zé)任問題。根據(jù)國際商會(huì)522號(hào)文件(wénjiàn)關(guān)于托收指示的規(guī)定，如果代收行不能遵守指示，應(yīng)當(dāng)回復(fù)托收行，而代收行卻未這樣做，只是在托收行查詢單據(jù)下落時(shí)才告知僅憑承兌放單。代收行違反了522號(hào)的規(guī)定。托收行的指示不符合托收業(yè)務(wù)的基本原則，實(shí)際上改變了托收的性質(zhì)。精品資料托收項(xiàng)下的融資(rónɡzī)方式買入票據(jù)出口托收押匯（CollectionBillPurchased）信托收據(jù)(shōujù)（TrustReceipt,T/R）憑銀行保函（bankguarantee）提貨精品資料出口(chūkǒu)托收押匯是托收行買入出口商開立的以進(jìn)口商為付款人的跟單匯票以及隨附的商業(yè)單據(jù)，將貨款扣除利息及費(fèi)用后，凈額付給出口商并通過國外代理行向進(jìn)口商收款，以歸還(guīhuán)出口托收押匯的一種融資方式。精品資料信托(xìntuō)收據(jù)（T/R）是代收行在進(jìn)口商對(duì)托收未付款前憑其提供(tígōng)的信托收據(jù)借出單據(jù)，便于他辦理報(bào)關(guān)、提貨及出售，取得的貨款亦屬代收行所有，只能向代收行付款并贖回信托收據(jù)。精品資料LetterofCreditisaneffectivemeanstosolvethecommercialcreditcrisisbetweenbuyersandsellers.Sinceitisabankcredit,L/Ccanfacilitatetradewithunknownbuyersandgivingprotectiontoboththesellersandthebuyers.

LetterofCredit信用證Asfarastheseller’sbenefitisconcerned,

L/C

D/Patsight

D/Paftersight

D/A精品資料TheOperationflowofL/C精品資料LettersforPaymentLettersregardingpaymentoftenfallintothefollowingtypes:

1)discussingmodeofpayment2)urgingestablishmentofL/C3)amendingL/C4)askingforextensionofL/C精品資料Documentsusedininternationalsettlement

*CommercialInvoice商業(yè)發(fā)票

*PackingList裝箱單

*CertificateofOrigin產(chǎn)地證

*InsurancePolicy保險(xiǎn)單

*MarineBillofLading,B/L海運(yùn)提單

*CombinedTransportDocument,CTD聯(lián)合(liánhé)運(yùn)輸單據(jù)

*AirwayBill空運(yùn)單

*RailwayBill鐵路運(yùn)單3.Documents單據(jù)(dānjù)精品資料國際慣例InternationalCustom（Practice）

1.《跟單信用證統(tǒng)一慣例》UniformCustomsandPracticeforDocumentaryCredit,ICCPublicationNo.500,UCP500

2.《托收統(tǒng)一規(guī)則(guīzé)》UniformRulesforCollection,URC522

3.《見索即付保函統(tǒng)一規(guī)則(guīzé)》UniformRulesforDemandGuarantees,URDG458

由國際商會(huì)InternationalChamberofCommerce制定

精品資料II.WordsandExpressions精品資料1.Banks

Merchants'Bank招商銀行BankofChina 中國銀行IndustrialandCommercialBankofChina 中國工商銀行

AgricultureBankofChina 農(nóng)業(yè)銀行

ConstructionBankofChina 建設(shè)銀行

CitiBank 花旗銀行

CommunicationsBankofChina 交通銀行

PudongDevelopmentBank 浦東發(fā)展銀行

ShenzhenDevelopmentBank 深圳發(fā)展銀行

HKBC 匯豐銀行(huìfēnɡyínxínɡ)

StandardCharteredBank 渣打銀行

TheCITICBank 中信銀行ChinaInternationalTrustandInvestmentCorporation精品資料2.Words

and

Phrasesdiscount

貼現(xiàn)(tiēxiàn)draft

匯票Promisory

Note

本票cheque

支票clean

bill

光票documentary

bill

跟單匯票精品資料Sight

Bill

即期(jíqī)匯票Time

Bill

遠(yuǎn)期匯票Usance

Bill

遠(yuǎn)期匯票Commercial

Bill

商業(yè)匯票Banker's

Bill

銀行匯票精品資料Commercial

Acceptance

Bill

商業(yè)承兌匯票Bankers'

Acceptance

Bill

銀行承兌匯票invoice

發(fā)票(fāpiào)Performer

Invoice

形式發(fā)票(fāpiào)Sample

Invoice

樣品發(fā)票(fāpiào)Consignment

Invoice

寄售發(fā)票(fāpiào)精品資料Certified

Invoice

證明發(fā)票(fāpiào)Manufacturers'

Invoice

廠商發(fā)票(fāpiào)remittance

匯付Mail

transfer

(M/T)

信匯Demand

Draft

(D/D)

票匯精品資料At

sight

即期，見票即付At...days

(month)after

sight

付款(fùkuǎn)人見票后若干天（月）付款(fùkuǎn)At...days

sight

付款(fùkuǎn)人見票后若干天即付款(fùkuǎn)At...days

after

date

出票后若干天付款(fùkuǎn)At...days

after

B/L

提單簽發(fā)后若干天付款(fùkuǎn)精品資料Documents

against

Payment

(D/P)

付款交單Documents

against

Payment

at

Sight

(D/P

sight)

即期付款交單Documents

against

Payment

after

Sight

(D/P

sight)

遠(yuǎn)期(yuǎnqī)付款交單Documents

against

Acceptance

(D/A)

承兌交單Cash

Against

Documents

憑單付款精品資料Telegraphic

Transfer

(T/T)

電匯collection

托收clean

Bill

for

Collection

光票托收Documentary

Bill

for

Collection

跟單托收Uniform

Rules

for

Collection

《托收統(tǒng)一(tǒngyī)規(guī)則》精品資料Collection

Advice

托收委托書Advice

of

Clean

Bill

for

Collection

光票托收委托書Collection

Bill

Purchased

托收出口(chūkǒu)押匯Trust

Receipt

信托收據(jù)精品資料3.ExpressionsNow

we

have

settled

the

terms

of

payment.現(xiàn)在我們已經(jīng)談妥了付款條件。Shall

we

have

a

talk

about

terms

of

payment

today?我們今天談?wù)劯犊顥l件怎么樣？What

is

the

mode

of

payment

you

wish

to

employ?您希望(xīwàng)用什么方式付款？精品資料This

is

the

normal

terms

of

payment

in

international

business.這是國際貿(mào)易中慣用的付款(fùkuǎn)方式。We

can't

accept

any

other

terms

of

payment.我們不能接受其他的付款(fùkuǎn)條件。If

you

can't

be

more

flexible,

we

won't

accept

your

terms

of

payment.如果你們不能靈活些，我們將不接受此種付款(fùkuǎn)方式。精品資料Please

protect

our

draft

on

presentation.請(qǐng)見票即付。Your

draft

will

be

honoured

on

presentation.你方的匯票(huìpiào)見票即付。The

draft

was

discounted

in

New

York.匯票(huìpiào)已經(jīng)在紐約貼現(xiàn)。精品資料Our

draft

No.36

was

dishonored.我們的第三十六號(hào)匯票被拒付了。We'll

be

unable

to

meet

these

draft.我們無力兌付這些匯票。We've

drawn

a

clean

draft

on

you

for

the

value

of

this

sample

shipment.我們已經(jīng)開出光票向你方索取(suǒqǔ)這批貨的價(jià)款。精品資料We've

drawn

on

you

for

payment

of

the

invoice

amounting

to

$20,000.我們(wǒmen)已經(jīng)按照發(fā)票金額20，000美圓向你方開出了匯票。The

draft

has

been

handed

to

the

bank

on

clean

collection.匯票已經(jīng)交銀行按光票托收。You

can

draw

on

me

just

as

if

there

were

a

letter

of

credit.您就當(dāng)作有信用證一樣，向我開匯票托收。精品資料We're

sending

our

draft

through

Bank

of

China

for

documentary

collection.我們將匯票交中國銀行按跟單托收。We'll

draw

on

you

by

our

documentary

draft

at

sight

on

collection

basis.我們將按托收方式向你方開出(kāichū)即期跟單匯票。精品資料We'll

draw

a

sight

bill

in

favour

of

the

Export

Bank

Singapore.我們要開立(kāilì)一張以新加坡出口銀行為收款人的即期匯票。We've

already

remitted

the

amount

by

cheque.我們已經(jīng)將款以支票匯出。We

enclose

a

cheque

for

RMB200.我們附上人民幣200元的支票一張。精品資料We

regret

we

can't

accept

payment

"cash

against

document".很抱歉，我們不能接受憑單付款辦法。We'll

agree

to

change

the

terms

of

payment

from

L/C

at

sight

to

D/P

at

sight.我們同意將即期(jíqī)信用證付款方式改為即期(jíqī)付款交單。精品資料We

accept

D/P

payment

for

future

dealings.以后的交易我們以付款交單方式支付。We

can

do

the

business

on

60

days

D/P

basis.我們可以(kěyǐ)按60天付款交單的方式進(jìn)行交易。We

agree

to

draw

at

30

days

D/P.我們同意開立30天期的付款交單匯票。精品資料As

a

special

sign

of

encouragement,

we'll

consider

accepting

payment

by

D/P

at

this

sales-purchasing

stage.在此推銷階段，我們將考慮接受付款交單方式以資鼓勵(lì)。We

regret

we

can't

accept

"Cash

against

Documents"

on

arrival

of

goods

at

destination.很抱歉(bàoq