中國文化1原修改未刪減版

AGLIMPSEOFCHINESECULTURE中國文化概況Overview概述學習目標了解中國的各種國家標志；掌握中國地理、歷史、人口、民

族、政治體制、經(jīng)濟的基本概況;能夠用英語介紹自己的國家。1Lead-inActivity2ASketchofChina3

Discussion&PresentationOverview5Lead-inActivityWatchthisvideo.Whatwouldyousayifyouareaskedtogiveavoiceover（畫外音）foritinEnglish?Watch&Think1Lead-inActivity2ASketchofChina3

Discussion&PresentationOverview71NationalSymbols2Geography4People5PoliticsASketchofChina3History6EconomyNationalSymbolsNationalDayNationalFlagNationalEmblemNationalAnthemNationalCapitalNationalSymbols1stOctoberinmemoryofthefoundingofthePeople’sRepublicofChina(PRC)on1October1949.NationalDayNationalSymbolsChinaNationalDay’sParadeUptonow,14NationalDaymilitaryparadeshavebeenheldPurpose:todisplaytheprofoundachievementsaccomplishedintheconstructionofthePLA;toshowcasethenewspiritsofPLAmilitaryofficersandsoldiers.NationalSymbolsFlag-raisingCeremonyatTian'anmenSquareNationalSymbolsNationalFlagSymbolic

meaning:

Theredcolouroftheflag:revolution

Theyellowcolourofthestars:thegoldenbrilliantraysradiatingfromthevastredland

Thedesignoffoursmallerstarssurroundingabiggerone:theunityoftheChinesepeopleundertheleadershipoftheCommunistPartyofChina(CPC)NationalSymbolsNationalEmblemElements:patternsoftheNationalFlag,theTian’anmenGate,acogwheelandearsofgrain.Symbolic

meaning:itsymbolizestheNew-DemocraticRevolutionoftheChinesepeoplesincethe4MayMovementin1919andthebirthofNewChinaunderthepeople’sdemocraticdictatorshipledbytheworkingclassonthebasisoftheworker-peasantalliance.NationalSymbolsNationalAnthemMarchoftheVolunteersMusic:byNieErLyrics:byTianHanPurpose:TohonourthosewhowenttothefronttofighttheJapaneseinvadersinnortheastChinainthe1930sItwasofficiallyadoptedastheNationalAnthemofthePRCon4December1982bytheNationalPeople’sCongress.NationalSymbolsNationalCapitalBeijing

Thenation’spoliticalcentreChina’seconomic,scientific,cultural,andeducationalheartFamousforitsmanyplacesofhistoricinterestandscenicbeauty,liketheForbiddenCity,theTempleofHeaven,theSummerPalace,theMingTombs,theBadalingsectionoftheGreatWall,etc.1NationalSymbols2Geography4People5PoliticsASketchofChina3History6EconomyLocationandBoundaryTopographyRiversandLakesClimateGeographyGeographyLocationandBoundaryGeographyWhat’sthelocationofChina?IntheeastoftheAsiancontinent;OnthewesternshoreofthePacificocean;alandareaofabout9.6millionsquarekilometres;thethirdlargestcountryintheworld,nextonlytoRussiaandCanada.GeographyWhatarethefeaturesofChinesetopography?acountryofvariedtopographicalfeatureswithhighlandsinthewestandplainsintheeastTheterraindescendsfromthewesttoeastlikeafour-stepstaircase.GeographyQinghai-TibetPlateauinSouthwestChina(above4000m)InnerMongoliaPlateau,theLoessPlateau,theYunnan-GuizhouPlateau,theTarimBain,theJunggarBasinandSichuanBasin(1000m-2000m)TheNortheastPlain,theNorthChinaPlainandtheMiddle-LowerYangtzePlain(500-1000m)ThecontinentalshelfGeographyChinaaboundswithrivers.MostofthelargerivershavetheirsourceontheQinghai-TibetPlateau,anddropgreatlybetweensourceandmouths.Chinaisrichinwater-powerresources,leadingtheworldinhydropowerpotential.China’sriverscanbecategorisedasexteriorandinteriorsystems.RiversandLakesGeographytheYangtzeRiverthelongestriverinChina(6,300km)flowsthrough11provinces,autonomousregionsandmunicipalitiesoneofthemainarteryofwatertransportationbetweeneasternandwesternChinaRiversandLakesGeographytheYellowRiverChina’ssecondlongestriver;(5,464km)Themostheavilysilt-ladenriverintheworldItscatchmentareaisanimportantbaseforgrainsinChina.RiversandLakesGeographytheGrandCanalalsocalledJinghangCanal(1,801km)wasopentonavigationover1,000yearsago;passesthroughonecity,fourprovincesandlinksfivemajorrivers.RiversandLakesGeographyClimateMostofChinaliesinthenorthtemperatezonewarmclimateanddistinctiveseasonscontinentalmonsoon(季風)climatewinter:coldanddrywintersandgreattemperaturedifferencebetweennorthernandsouthernChinasummer:overallhightemperatureandplentifulrainfall,andlittletemperaturedifferencebetweennorthernandsouthernChinaGeography1NationalSymbols2Geography4People5PoliticsASketchofChina3History6Economy29HistoryAnoutlinehistoryYuanmouManandPekingManTheAncientPeriodTheModernTimesHistoryYuanmouManandPekingManYuanmouMan,wholived1.7millionyearsago,isthefirstprimitivemanknowntohaveexistedinChina.PekingMan,whoexistedmorethan400,000yearsago,couldwalkupright,makeandusesimpletools,andmakeuseoffire.HistoryTheAncientPeriodWhyarewecalled“thedescendantsofYanandHuang(炎黃子孫)”?Chinesehistorybeganwithtwolegendaryfigures—EmperorHuangandEmperorYan,who,togetherwiththeirtribes,inhabitedthedrainageareaalongthemiddlereachesoftheYellowRiver.Consequently,theChinesepeopleusuallycallthemselves“thedescendantsofYanandHuang”.HistoryTheAncientPeriodFeudalSociety(封建社會)Thefirstunited,centralized,multi-ethnicfeudalmonarchyistheQindynastyestablishedbyYingZheng.slavery(奴隸制)

beganduringtheXiadynastythethreesagekings:Yao,ShunandYuHistoryTheModernPeriodBeganwithTheOpiumWar(鴉片戰(zhàn)爭)From1840Chinagraduallybecameacountryofsemifeudal,semi-colonialstatus.In1912,theRepublicofChina(中華民國)wasfoundedunderSunYat-sen’sleadership.In1949,thePeople’sRepublicofChinawasfounded.1NationalSymbols2Geography4People5PoliticsASketchofChina3History6EconomyPeoplePopulation1,307.56million(attheendof2005)“onechildpolicy”

●originallyappliedtocontrolthe

populationincrease,improve

populationquality

●Itwaschangedin2014andnowallowscouplestohavetwochildrenifeitherparentisanonlychild.教學大綱DistributionoftheEthnicgroups56ethnicgroups(Han,91.59%)thepopulationofallthe55minorityethnicgroupstotaled106,43million(8.41%

ofthetotalpopulationofChina)WhatistheethnicpolicyinChina?

Equality,unity,mutualassistanceandcommonprosperity1NationalSymbols2Geography4People5PoliticsASketchofChina3History6EconomyPoliticsPoliticalSystemThesupremeorganofstatepower:TheNPCThelocalorgansofstatepower:LocalPeople’sCongressesThepermanentorganoftheNPC:theStandingCommitteeoftheNPCThetermofofficeoftheNPCanditsStandingCommittee:fiveyearsTheNPCanditsStandingCommitteeareempoweredwiththerightsoflegislation,decision,supervision,electionandremoval.國家權力的最高權力機關：全國人民代表大會地方國家權力機關：地方各級人民代表大會全國人民代表大會常務委員會：全國人民代表大會常務委員會全國人大及其常委會的任期：五年全國人大及其常委會被賦予了權利立法、決策、監(jiān)督、選舉和任免（免除）。PoliticsPoliticalSystemTheCPPCCapoliticaladvisorybodyundertheleadershipoftheCPCanorganforotherpoliticalparties,massorganizationsandpersonagesofvarioussocialcirclestotakepartintherunningofthestate【人民政協(xié)】中國共產(chǎn)黨領導下的政治咨詢機構參加國家的其他政黨、社團、社會各界人士參與的機構PoliticsAdministrativeDivisions【行政區(qū)劃】Three-tiersystem(三級建制)

provinces【省】counties【縣】townships【鄉(xiāng)】AtpresentChinahas:23provinces5autonomousregions【自治區(qū)】4municipalities【直轄市】twospecial

administrativeregions

【特別行政區(qū)】1NationalSymbols2Geography4People5PoliticsASketchofChina3History6EconomyEconomicDevelopmentandReformtheworld’ssecondlargesteconomybynominalGDPandbypurchasingpowerparity,onlyaftertheUnitedStates;thelargestexporterandsecondlargestimporterofgoodsintheworld;thelargestmanufacturingeconomyintheworld.Economy經(jīng)濟發(fā)展與改革按國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值和購買力來說是世界上第二大經(jīng)濟體，僅次于美國；世界上最大的出口商和第二大進口商品國世界上最大的制造業(yè)經(jīng)濟體DengXiaopingbornonAug22,1904inSouthwestChina'sSichuanprovincethe"chiefarchitectofChina'sreformandopening-up"madepainstakingeffortsinleadingthecountry'stransformationdrivestartinginthe1970sEcono