情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法-Tibby

Grammar

Thekidshavegotsomeproblems!Canyouhelpthem?Ifeelaliitlesleepy.You___________(最好）gotosleepnow.hadbetterWearetoofat!You_________(應(yīng)該）dosomeexercises.shouldIhaveabadcold!You_____（可以）gotoseeadoctor.canIt’srainingheavily.You_____(或許可以）takeanumbrella.mayIt‘s7o’clocknow.You_____（必須）getup.must像hadbetter/should/can/must/may這一類不能單獨(dú)作謂語，后面要跟動(dòng)詞原形的詞，我們將它們稱作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。1.Youhadbettergotosleepnow.2.Youshoulddosomeexercises.3.Youcangotoseeadoctor.4.Youmaytakeanumbrella.5.Youmustgetup.這些句子有什么特點(diǎn)？主要情態(tài)動(dòng)詞Can,could

能夠，可能May,might

可以，可能Must/haveto必須/不得不Need

需要Dare

敢Will/would愿意should/oughtto應(yīng)該，必須Shall命令，警告或征求意見

Whatmodalverbshaveyoulearned?情態(tài)動(dòng)詞特點(diǎn)1.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有一定的詞義。2.沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，即情態(tài)動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)不加-s。3.不能單獨(dú)作謂語。4.后面只能接動(dòng)詞原形。Canyoucorrectthesentences?1.Sheshouldsgotoschoolbefore8o’clock.shouldsshould2.WecanstudyinghardtoimproveourEnglish.studyingstudy3.Shecansomeexercises.cancando情態(tài)動(dòng)詞含義否定式can/could表能力（=beableto)“能/會(huì)”can’t/couldn’t表許可(=may)“可以”表推測(只用于否定句和疑問句）“可能”注：1.表示某人通過努力克服困難做成某事,要用be

ableto.2.could,might,would表委婉語氣用于疑問句,答語仍須用

can,may,will.1.can/could

Let’spractice!1.你會(huì)騎單車嗎？Canyourideabike？2.你可以回答這個(gè)問題嗎？Canyouanswerthequestion？3.那個(gè)女人太胖，一定不是Tibby.Thatwomanistoofat,shecan’tbeTibby.4.CouldIaskyouaquestion？Yes，youcan.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞含義否定式may/might表許可“可以”mustn't“禁止”表推測“可能”can't“不可能”May在祈使句中表祝愿。Mayyousucceed！結(jié)構(gòu)：Maysb.dosth.2.may/might注：may表推測時(shí)，只用于肯定句和否定句，不用于疑問句1.---MayIuseyourpencil?---Yes,youmay./No,youmustn’t.2.她現(xiàn)在可能不在工作。Shemaynotbeworkingnow.3.John現(xiàn)在可能在家。Johnmightbeathomenow.4.Helen也許會(huì)和我們一起去旅行,但是她還不確定。Helenmaygoonthetripwithus,butsheisn’tverysureyet.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法will表請求(第二人稱)表意愿would更客氣的請求過去的意愿3.will/would注：will的否定式won'twould的否定式wouldn't.Let'spractice！1.你愿意幫我拿書嗎?Willyoucarrythebookforme?2.我從現(xiàn)在起會(huì)努力學(xué)習(xí)。Iwillstudyhardfromnowon.3.她不愿意早起。Shewon'tgetupearly.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞含義否定式should應(yīng)該（主觀上）表猜測“應(yīng)該，很可能”shouldn'toughtto應(yīng)該（客觀上）表猜測“應(yīng)該,很可能”oughtn'tto4.should/oughttoshould常表示勸告、建議、命令，與oughtto意義相近，但oughtto多表示責(zé)任、義務(wù)，語氣強(qiáng)烈。5.shall情態(tài)動(dòng)詞含義否定式shall疑問句中用于第一，三人稱，表征求意見。肯定句中用于第二、三人稱，表示命令、警告、允諾或決心。shan't注：shall表示一般將來時(shí)，僅用于第一人稱。YoushalldoasIsay.(命令)1.在陳述句中,shall用于二、三人稱表示允諾、警告、命令、決心等。ShallIopenthewindowforyou？（征求意見）2.在疑問句中,用于一、三人稱，用來表示請求或征求意見。注意：Tellhimthatheshallhavethebooktomorrow.(允諾)Nothingshall

stopmedoingit.(決心)

Shallhefetchsomewaterforyou？（請求）Youngpeopleshouldlearnhowtousecomputers.3.should常表示勸告、建議、命令，與oughtto意義相近，但oughtto多表示責(zé)任、義務(wù)，語氣強(qiáng)烈。Everycitizenoughttoobeylaw.Yououghtnottogo.Youshould/oughttohavetoldherthetruthearlier.Sheshouldn’thaveleftwithoutsayingaword.4.should/oughttohavedone表示責(zé)備或批評,意為“本應(yīng)該…但”,oughtto的語氣更強(qiáng)烈,用于否定則表示“本不該…但”5.Should用于可能性推測時(shí),表“應(yīng)該，很可能”Theyleftat5:30.Theyshouldgettherenow.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞含義否定式注意點(diǎn)must表必要（強(qiáng)調(diào)主觀）“必須”needn’t“不必”與haveto的區(qū)別：haveto表“不得不”，強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀表推測“一定”

can’t“不可能”只能用于肯定句，不能用于否定、疑問句6.must/haveto注：haveto表“不得不”強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀，must強(qiáng)調(diào)主觀。7.need情態(tài)動(dòng)詞含義否定式注意點(diǎn)need作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞“需要”needn’t“不必”need+動(dòng)詞原形作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞“需要”

don’t/doesn’tneed“不需要”need+todo---Need

hestartfromthebeginning?---Yes,hemust.---No,heneedn’t/doesn’thaveto.

1.作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí),僅用于否定或疑問句,后接動(dòng)詞原形,表“需要”need用法講解

Youneedn’treturnthebooknow.2.作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí),表示“需要”，有人稱、時(shí)態(tài)、和數(shù)的變化Heneedstofinishitthisevening.Theclassroomneedscleaning.用need/shall/must提問時(shí)，肯定回答為must，否定回答為needn’t或don’t(doesn’t)haveto。

Tips對need問句的回答:--NeedIfinishtheworktoday?--Yes,________________.No,________________.No,________________.youmustyouneedn’tyoudon’thaveto對其它情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的回答:--ShallItellJohnaboutit?--No,you__________.--No,you__________.

--Mustwedoitnow?--No,you__________.--No,you__________.needn’tdon’thavetoneedn’tdon’thaveto情態(tài)動(dòng)詞含義否定式hadbetter最好hadbetternot“最好不要”

8.hadbetterExercisesI.Trytoexplainthemeaningsofthemodalverbsinthefollowingsentences.1.HecanspeakEnglishwell.2.Youcangohomenow.3.Thatcan’tbetrue.4.CouldyoupleaseshowmethewaytoBeihaiPark?5.Theyhuntersarelost.Theycouldstarve.6.MayIcomein?7.Hemaygiveyousomehelp?abilitypermissionguessingrequestpossibilitypermissionpossibility8.Don’tworry.Iwillhelpyou.9.Oftenhewoulddressuplikearichman.10.Wouldyouliketojoinusfordinner?YoushallhavetheticketassoonasIgetit.Youshouldarriveattheairporttwohoursbeforehegoes.Itisfiveo’clock.Heshouldturnupsoon.WangFengwinsanawardeveryyear.Hmisepasthabitrequestpromisepredictionadvicespeculation2.用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞完成句子1).You’vebeenworkingallday.You______beverytired.2).(Thedoorbellrings)Iwonderwhothatis.It______beLisa.She’sstillinthelibraryatthistime.3).Itisalongtimesincewemetlasttime.You______comeandseeusmoreoften.

mustcan’tshould4.Ihaven’tdecidedwhereI’mgoingformyholidays.I_____gotoAustralia.5.Myfather’sbirthdayisccoming.What_____Igivehim?6.Whydon’tyoutryonthisdress?It_____lookniceonyou.mayshallwill7.“Whowasthemantalkingwithyourteacher?”“I’mnotsure.It______beherbrother.”8.Idon’tknowwhentheguests_____behere.They______arriveatanytime.mightwillcould3.完成下列句子：

1.Idon‘tknowwheresheis,she_______________.(可能在武漢）(be)2.Atthismoment,ourteacher_______________（想必在批改）ourexampapers.(mark/grade)3.Theroadiswet.It________________(一定下雨了）

lastnight.(rain)4.Yourmother_____________________________（一定一直在找你）(look)maybeinWuhan

gradingmustbemarking

musthaverainedmusthavebeenlookingforyou.5.Philip________________________seriouslyinthecaraccident.(可能受了重傷).(hurt)6.---Lindahasgonetowork,butherbicycleisstillhere.--She___________________(可能走了)bybus.(go)7.Mike________________(一定還沒有找回)hiscar,forhecametoworkbybusthismorning.

may(might)havebeenhurtmay(might)havegonecan’thavefound4.Multiple-choice1.—Isn’tthatAnn’shusbandoverthere?—No,it________behim.I’msurehedoesn’twearglasses.(04全國I29)A.can’t B.mustnotC.won’tD.maynot2.—I’lltellMaryabouthernewjobtomorrow.—You________herlastweek.(04福建32)

A.oughttotell

B.wouldhavetold

C.musttell

D.shouldhavetold3.Ioftenseelightsinthatemptyhouse.DoyouthinkI________reportittothepolice?(04廣西21)A.shouldB.may C.will D.can4.Mr.White________at8:30forthemeeting,buthedidn’t

showup.(04廣西27)A.shouldhavearrived B.shouldarriveC.shouldhavehadarrived D.shouldbearriving5.—Excuseme.IsthistherightwaytotheSummerPalace?—Sorry,Iamnotsure.Butit________be.(04湖北26)A.might B.willC.must D.can√√√√√6.—Excuseme,butIwanttouseyourcomputertotypeareport.

—You________havemycomputerifyoudon'ttakecareofit.(04湖南28)A.shan'tB.mightnotC.needn'tD.shouldn't7.—Idon'tmindtellingyouwhatIknow.—You________.I'mnotaskingyouforit.(04江蘇22)A.mustn'tB.maynotC.can'tD.needn’t8.—Mum,I’vebeenstudyingEnglishsince8o’clock.________IgooutandplaywithTomforawhile?—No,I’mafraidnot.Besides,it’srainingoutsidenow.(04遼寧29)A.Can’t B.Wouldn’t C.Maynot D.Won’t9.You________betired—you'veonlybeenworkingforanhour.(04全國II29)A.mustnotB.won'tC.can'tD.maynot10.Childrenunder12yearsofageinthatcountry________beunderadultsupervisionwheninapubliclibrary.(04上海28)A.must B.may C.canD.need√√√√√11.—Whoisthegirlstandingoverthere?

—Well,ifyou________know,hernameisMabel.(04天津31)A.mayB.canC.must D.shall12.I________payTracyavisit,butIamnotsurewhetherIwillhavetimethisSunday.(04浙江26)A.shouldB.mightC.wouldD.could13.“Theinterest

________

bedividedintofiveparts,accordingtotheagreementmadebybothsides,”declaredthejudge.(04重慶24)A.may

B.should

C.must

D.shall14.Hepaidforaseat,whenhe________haveenteredfree.(05年山東34)A.couldB.wouldC.mustD.need15.He________havecompletedhiswork;otherwise,hewouldn’tbeenjoyinghimselfbytheseaside.(05年北京26)A.shouldB.mustC.wouldn’tD.can’t√√√√√16.I________havebeenmorethansixyearsoldwhentheaccidenthappened.(05年天津14)A.shouldn’tB.couldn’tC.mustn’tD.needn’t17.—I’vetakensomeoneelse’sgreensweaterbymistake.—It________Harry’s.Healwayswearsgreen.(05年廣東33)A.hastobeB.willbeC.mustn’tbeD.couldbe18.—Tomisneverlateforwork.Whyisheabsenttoday?—Something________tohim.(05年江西22)A.musthappenB.shouldhavehappenedC.couldhavehappenedD.musthavehappened19.TheWorldWideWebissometimesjokinglycalledtheWorldWideWaitbecauseit________beveryslow.(05年浙江9)A.shouldB.mustC.willD.can20.—Lucydoesn’tmindlendingyouherdictionary.—She________.I’vealreadyborrowedone.(05年湖南24)A.can’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.shouldn’t√√√√√21.Thiscakeisverysweet.You________alotofsugarinit.(05年遼寧26)A.shouldputB.couldhaveputC.mightputD.musthaveput22.Iwasonthehighwaywhenthiscarwentpastfollowedbyapolicecar.They________atleast150kilometersanhour.(05年重慶33)A.shouldhavebeendoingB.musthavebeendoingC.couldhavedoneD.wouldhavedone23.Tom,you________leaveallyourclothesonthefloorlikethis!(05年全國I26)A.wouldn’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.maynot24.—DidyoutellJuliaabouttheresult?—Oh,no,Iforgot.I________hernow.(05年全國III8)A.willbecallingB.willcallC.callD.amtocall25.John,lookatthetime.________youplaythepianoatsuchalatehour?(05年全國III19)A.MustB.CanC.MayD.Need√√√√√26.Helen________goonthetripwithus,butsheisn’tquitesureyet.(05年安徽26)A.shallB.mustC.mayD.can27.—Catherine,Ihavecleanedtheroomforyou.—Thanks.You________it.Icouldmanageitmyself.(05年福建31)A.needn’tdB.needn’thavedoneC.mustn’tdo D.shouldn’thavedone28.There________beanydifficultyaboutpassingtheroadtestsinceyouhavepracticedalotinthedrivingschool.(05年上海27)A.mustn’tB.shan’tC.shouldn’tD.needn’t29.Someaspectsofapilot’sjob________beboring,andpilotsoften________workatinconvenienthours.(06湖南32)A.can;havetoB.may;canC.haveto;mayD.oughtto;must30.Theweatherturnedouttobefineyesterday.I________thetroubletocarrymyumbrellawithme.(06江西24)A.shouldhavetakenB.couldhavetakenC.needn’thavetakenD.mustn’thavetaken√√√√√31.There’snolighton—they________beathome.(06全國I、II卷24)A.can’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.shouldn’t32.—MayIsmokehere?—Ifyou________,chooseaseatinthesmokingsection.(06山東30)A.shouldB.couldC.mayD.must33.We