高中英語北師大版Unit17Laughter unit17sectionⅳ

SectionⅣCommunicationWorkshop根據(jù)提示寫出下列單詞1．depthn． 深(度)，縱深2．scarevt. 使恐懼3．stringn. 繩，線4．starvevi. 挨餓，餓死5．loafn. (面包的)一條6．yawnvi. 打哈欠7．toughadj. 艱難的；不幸的；強(qiáng)壯的，強(qiáng)健的8．componentn. 成分，組成部分9．a(chǎn)ccomplishvt. 做成功；完成根據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全下列短語1．nolonger 不再2．getloose 松開；掙脫；擺脫；爆發(fā)3．tiedown 束縛；拘束，限制4．thanksto 多虧；由于5．a(chǎn)loafof 一條6．inadvance 預(yù)先，在……之前7．nowonder 難怪8．giveaway 泄露；贈(zèng)送根據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全下列教材原句1．JustwhenIwasabletostrugglenolonger，Ifoundmyselfwithinmydepth．當(dāng)我掙扎不起來時(shí)，我發(fā)現(xiàn)(水深)不超過自己的高度。2．IlookeddownasmuchasIcouldandsawahumancreaturejustsixincheshigh，withabowandarrowinhishands．我盡力朝下看，發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)手里拿著弓和箭的只有6英寸高的小人。3．Immediately，Ifeltatleastfortymoreofthesamekindfollowingthefirst.跟著第一個(gè)，我立即又感覺到了至少40多個(gè)同樣的(人)。4．Anditwasnowonder，fortheirdoctors，bytheEmperor'sorder，hadputasleepingdruginwiththewine.這就不足為奇了，因?yàn)樗麄兊尼t(yī)生按皇帝的旨意在酒里下了一種有助于睡眠的藥物。閱讀P26教材課文，判斷正誤1．Atfirst，ourvoyagewentwell，butinNovember，weweredrivenbyastormontoarock.()2．Theydidn'tservemeanythingtoeat.()3．Oneofthecreaturesclimbedontothestageandmadealongspeech.()4．Suddenly，Istartedtoyawnandquicklyfellasleep，fortheirdoctorshadputasleepingdruginwiththewine.()5．Ididnothingtopreventthearrowsfallingonmyface.()【答案】1－5TFTTFstarvevi.挨餓；餓死(教材P26)Afterbeingalmoststarvedwithhunger，IshowedthatIwantedfood.在幾乎被餓死后，我表現(xiàn)出非常需要食物的樣子。(1)starvetodeath 餓死starvefor 渴望；急需(2)starvedadj. 感到很餓的bestarvedtodeath 被餓死bestarvedof/for 極需；缺乏(3)starvationn. 挨餓；餓死①Hestarvedtodeathinahungerstrike.他在一次絕食罷工中餓死了。②Whenwilldinnerbeready？Wearesimplystarvingforfood.飯什么時(shí)候才能準(zhǔn)備好？我們簡直餓壞了。③Shewentonastarvation(starve)dietandendedupinhospital.她進(jìn)行饑餓式節(jié)食減肥，結(jié)果住進(jìn)了醫(yī)院。nowonder難怪(教材P26)Anditwasnowonder，fortheirdoctors，bytheEmperor'sorder，hadputasleepingdruginwiththewine.這就不足為奇了，因?yàn)樗麄兊尼t(yī)生按皇帝的旨意在酒里下了一種有助于睡眠的藥物。(1)It'sawonder(that)．.. 奇怪的是……；令人驚奇的是……(2)wonderv. 納悶；不知道；想知道Iwonderif/why... 我不知道是否/為什么……wonderat/about... 對……感到驚訝①IwaswonderinghowIcouldgettherequickly.我想知道怎樣才能快點(diǎn)到達(dá)那里。②It'sawonderthatyourememberedmeafteralltheseyears!難得你這么多年之后還記得我！③SometimesIwonderabouthisbehaviour.有時(shí)我對他的行為感到驚訝。toughadj.艱難的；不幸的；強(qiáng)壯的，強(qiáng)健的；嚴(yán)格的；堅(jiān)固的(教材P27)Weretheyfunny，tough，nervous?他們滑稽、艱難、緊張嗎？(1)astoughasnails/oldboots 非常堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的；能吃苦的gettoughwith... 不留情/嚴(yán)厲；兇惡betoughon 嚴(yán)格對待某人；對……不公平的；不幸的(2)toughv. 堅(jiān)持，忍耐toughenv. (使)堅(jiān)硬；加強(qiáng)①Helooked(tobe)thetoughestofallthechallengers.在所有的挑戰(zhàn)者中，他看起來最強(qiáng)壯。②Momwasalwaysverytoughwithuskidsbecauseshelovedusdeeply.媽媽對我們這些小孩總是很嚴(yán)格，因?yàn)樗類壑覀?。③Hisparentssenthimawaytoschooltotoughen(tough)himup.他的父母把他送到學(xué)校經(jīng)受鍛煉。【導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào)：96750023】thanksto多虧；由于(教材P135)ThankstoHouBaolin'sbrilliantperformances，Xiangshenggainedagreatreputationandmuchglory...幸虧侯寶林的出色表演，相聲獲得了巨大的名聲和榮耀……thanksto，dueto，owingto和becauseof都有“因?yàn)?，由于”的意思，在意義上，除了thanksto通常用于好的方面，譯為“多虧”外，其他幾個(gè)短語的含義區(qū)別不大，但在用法上稍有不同：(1)dueto多作表語，作狀語時(shí)一般不置于句首。(2)owingto可以作狀語和表語，在作狀語時(shí)一般要在該狀語后面加上逗號(hào)。(3)becauseof應(yīng)用最廣，也更口語化。①Theman'sfailureisduetohistoomuchpride.他的失敗是因?yàn)樘湴亮?。②Owingtotheshower，thebaseballgamewasinterrupted.由于陣雨，那場棒球比賽中止了。③Becauseofhiswife'sbeingthere，Isaidnothingaboutit.他妻子在那兒，我什么也沒說。accomplishvt.做成功；完成；實(shí)現(xiàn)(計(jì)劃等)；達(dá)到(目的)(教材P135)．..andHouBaolin'shasaccomplishedsomuchthathisachievementsinthefieldofXiangshengwillneverbeforgotten.……侯寶林已經(jīng)成就了如此之多以至于他在相聲界的成就將永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)被忘記。(1)accomplishone'stask/aim 完成任務(wù)/達(dá)到目的accomplishone'smission 完成使命(2)accomplishedadj. 有才華的，有藝術(shù)造詣的；熟練的beaccomplishedin 擅長……accomplishmentn. 成就；才能，才藝①Wemusttryourbesttoaccomplishourtaskthisweekend.這周我們必須盡力完成任務(wù)。②Theseriesofbuildingsisquiteanaccomplishment(accomplish)．這一系列的建筑真是了不起的成就。③Beinganaccomplished(accomplish)cook，heenjoysverygoodsalary.他是一個(gè)技藝精湛的廚師，工資收入很可觀。Ⅰ.語境填詞1．Manypeopledieofstarvation(starve)duringfamineseveryyear.2．Iwonderifthereisaconveniencestorenearby.3．Heneedsplentyofhardexercisetotoughen(tough)himup.4．Wehaveexpressedthedepth(deep)ofourgratitudetothem.5．Shewasanelegantandaccomplished(accomplish)woman.【導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào)：96750024】Ⅱ.完成句子1．由于他的努力，獲得了比我們預(yù)期的更大的成功。Thankstohiseffort，itismoresuccessfulthanwehaveexpected.2．他明天簽約是不足為怪的。Itisnowonderthathewillsignthecontracttomorrow.3．政府將對逃避納稅者采取強(qiáng)硬手段。Thegovernmentwillgettoughwithpeoplewhoavoidpayingtaxes.(教材P26)JustwhenIwasabletostrugglenolonger，Ifoundmyselfwithinmydepth.當(dāng)我掙扎不起來時(shí)，我發(fā)現(xiàn)(水深)不超過自己的高度?！揪涫椒治觥吭摼涫恰癴ind＋賓語＋介詞短語”結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)自己處于……狀態(tài)”。介詞短語作賓語補(bǔ)足語。findsb./\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(現(xiàn)在分詞（賓語正發(fā)出該動(dòng)作）,過去分詞（賓語已承受該動(dòng)作）,tobe...,形容詞、副詞,名詞,介詞短語))①Ifoundanumberofmenalreadyworking.我發(fā)現(xiàn)很多人已經(jīng)在工作了。②Hefoundthedoorclosed(close)．他發(fā)現(xiàn)門被關(guān)上了。③Wewenttoherhousebutfoundherout．我們?nèi)ニ?，但是發(fā)現(xiàn)她不在。(教材P26)IlookeddownasmuchasIcouldandsawahumancreaturejustsixincheshigh，withabowandarrowinhishands．我盡力朝下看，發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)手里拿著弓和箭的只有6英寸高的小人?！揪涫椒治觥縲ithabowandarrowinhishands是with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)形式之一：with＋賓語＋介詞短語。該結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作后置定語，修飾creature。①Heisdeepinthought，withhisheadinhishands.他陷入深思，兩只手捧著頭。with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)在句中常用作狀語，表示時(shí)間、條件、伴隨、方式、原因等，具體形式如下：with＋名詞/代詞＋eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(現(xiàn)在分詞（賓語正發(fā)出該動(dòng)作）,過去分詞（賓語已承受該動(dòng)作）,不定式（賓語將要發(fā)出該動(dòng)作）,形容詞,副詞,介詞短語))②Heoftensleepswiththewindowsopen.他常開著窗睡覺。③Ourschoolisfullofthefestivalatmospherewiththeredlanternshanging(hang)everywhere.隨著四處掛滿了紅燈籠，我們的學(xué)校洋溢著節(jié)日的氣氛。④Alltheafternoonheworkedwiththedoorlocked(lock)．整個(gè)下午他都鎖著門在房里工作。⑤Ican'tgooutwithalltheseclothestowash(wash)．要洗這些衣服，我無法出去了。(教材P26)Immediately，Ifeltatleastfortymoreofthesamekindfollowingthefirst.跟著第一個(gè)，我立即又感覺到了至少40多個(gè)同樣的(人)?！揪涫椒治觥勘揪涫褂昧恕?be)of＋名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，該結(jié)構(gòu)常用來描述人或事物的特征，此時(shí)名詞前通常帶有冠詞，在句中作表語、后置定語或賓語補(bǔ)足語。常用的名詞有size，kind，type，price，height，depth，width，length，weight，age，shape，color等?！?be)of＋名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中的名詞是抽象名詞，相當(dāng)于名詞所對應(yīng)的形容詞的意思，說明被修飾詞具有某種特征或?qū)傩?。常用的名詞有use，importance，help，value，interest，quality，service，benefit，necessity等。這些名詞前可用great，no，little，any，notmuch等修飾，以表示不同程度。①Thetwoboysareofthesameweightbutofdifferentheight.這兩個(gè)男孩一樣重，但不一樣高。②Itseemsthatthebookisofnousetoyou.＝Itseemsthatthebookisuselesstoyou.看起來，這本書對你沒用。完成句子1．這本書對學(xué)歷史的學(xué)生將很有用。Thebookwillbeofgreatvaluetostudentsofhistory.2．我在房間坐了一會(huì)兒，眼睛盯著天花板。Isatinmyroomforafewminuteswithmyeyesfixedontheceiling．3．看到人民生活比過去任何時(shí)候都好，他由衷地感到高興。Hewasheartenedtofindthepeoplelivingbetterthaneverbefore.如何寫好趣聞軼事記敘文個(gè)人軼事屬于記敘文范疇，要遵循下面五個(gè)步驟：1．簡述故事的梗概——Introduction給出簡要的信息，說明在某時(shí)、某地你做了什么，遇到了什么人，在此之前發(fā)生了什么事情。ThatwastheworstdayIhaveeverhadwhenIwasdoing...2．故事的開始——Beginningofthenarrative描述這個(gè)帶有幽默性質(zhì)的故事是怎樣開始的。AsIwaswaitingforabus，ataxipassedbyandsplashedrainwateroverme...3．故事的發(fā)展——Developmentofthenarrative描寫接下來發(fā)生的事情，即在哪些方面出了問題。Whenwehurriedtothestation，therewasalongqueueandwehadtowaitforalonggotdisgusted...4．故事進(jìn)一步走向高潮——Furtherdevelopmentofthenarrative又有了新的插曲，使得故事更具有幽默性。Iwashavingaphototakenwhenmyclassmatefellintothe，atthemoment...5．進(jìn)行總結(jié)——Conclusion故事的結(jié)尾寫你和你的同學(xué)是怎樣圓滿地把事情解決的。Intheend，thekeepertookustotheofficeandwedriedoutJack'swefinallygothome，myparentssawusfunnyandweallburstoutlaughing.[亮點(diǎn)句式]1．Ihadnoideahowto...2．TherewasabsolutelynothingIcoulddoaboutit.3．Iwenttotallyoutofcontrol.4．Istartedtogetthefeelingthat...5．Itwasarealshamethat...6．Theyallburstoutlaughing.7．Thefunniestthingaboutitwasthat...8．Everythingworkedoutallrightintheend.[寫作任務(wù)]根據(jù)提示，通過買鞋的經(jīng)歷，以第一人稱編寫一個(gè)小故事。一天，我在一家鞋店買了一雙皮鞋，店員告訴我這鞋實(shí)行“三包”。四天后這鞋壞了，我很生氣，回到鞋店想要回我的錢。但店員不想賠錢，他說，“三包”就是保留三天。[審題謀篇]體裁記敘文故事類話題污染時(shí)態(tài)一般過去時(shí)人稱第一人稱[遣詞造句]Ⅰ.詞匯1．bewornout 穿壞的；用舊的2．getback 取回；要回3．make 使某人感到震驚4．keepone'spromise 遵守諾言Ⅱ.句式1．Butonlyfourdayslatertheshoeswerewornwasangryandreturnedtothehopedtogetbackmymoney.(用so和非謂語動(dòng)詞改寫句子)ButonlyfourdayslatertheshoeswerewornoutsoIwasangryandreturnedtotheshophopingtogetbackmymoney．2．HeknewIhadkepttheshoesforfourdidn'twanttocompensatemademeastonished.(用時(shí)間狀語從句和定語從句改寫句子)WhenheknewIhadkepttheshoesforfourdays，hedidn'twanttocompensateme，whichmademeastonished.[妙筆成篇]________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【參考范文】ThreeGuaranteesOnedayIboughtapairofleathershoesinashoethesellertheretoldmehewouldhave“threeguarantees”forthelefttheshoponlyfourdayslatertheshoeswerewornout，soIwasangryandreturnedtotheshophopingtogetbackmymoney.ItoldhimwhathadhappenedtomyheknewIhadkepttheshoesforfourdays，hedidn'twanttocompensateme,whichmademeaskedhimwhyhedidn'tkeephisthesellersaid，“Doyouunderstandthemeaningofthe‘threeguarantees’？Itmeanstheshoescanonlybekeptforthreedays！”Whatafoolishexplanationtothe“threeguarantees”！學(xué)業(yè)分層測評(píng)(七)Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Twoofthewindowswerefoundbroken(break)．2．Withoutanythingleft(leave)inthecupboard，shewentouttogetsomethingtoeat.3．Thisbookwillbeofgreatvalue(valuable)tohiminhisstudy.4．Thefirstwalkonthemoonisquiteanaccomplishment(accomplish)．5．Thedepartmenthasbeenstarvedofresources.6．Iwonderwhyshemarriedsuchapoorbankclerk.7．Herfatherisreallytoughonherboyfriend.8．Thevictimistooscared(scare)togooutafterdark.9．Shefoundawalletlying(lie)ontheground.10．Withtheboytolead(lead)theway，wewillfindthehouseeasilytomorrow.Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)1．Withwintercomeon,itistimetobuywarmclothes.________________________________________________________________________2．Formostofthedayhecanstillbefoundworkedsomewhereintheplant.________________________________________________________________________3．Don'teverlosetheseareofgreatimportanttoourcompany.________________________________________________________________________4．Howmanypeopleintheworldarestarvingofbread?________________________________________________________________________5．Giventhesefindings,thereisnowonderthatthejobmarketisstillsopoor.________________________________________________________________________【答案】改為coming改為working改為importance改為for改為itⅢ.完成句子1．她看到一條小河，兩岸長滿了紅花綠草。Shesawasmallriverwithgreengrassandredflowersonbothsides.2．我發(fā)現(xiàn)習(xí)語和有用的短語很難學(xué)。Ifindidiomsandusefulexpressionshardtolearn．3．澳大利亞和新西蘭屬同一洲。AustraliaandNewZealandareofthesamecontinent．4．該隊(duì)的成功在很大程度上是由于她的努力。Theteam'ssuccesswaslargelyduetoherefforts．5．他寧愿餓死也不無恥求饒。Hewouldratherstarvetodeaththanshamelesslybegforhislife.Ⅳ.閱讀理解AThereisanoldsayinginEnglish，“Laughteristhebestmedicine”．Untilrecently,fewpeopletookthesayingveryhowever,doctorshavebeguntostudylaughterandtheeffects(作用)ithasonthehumanhavefoundevidencethatlaughterreallycanimprovepeople'shealth.Testswerecarriedouttostudytheeffectsoflaughteronthewatchedfunnyfilmswhiledoctorscheckedtheirheartrate,bloodpressure,breathingandwasfoundthatlaughterhassimilareffectstophysicalincreasesbloodpressure,theheartrateandtherateofalsoworksseveralgroupsofmusclesintheface,thestomachandeventhelaughterexercisesthebody,itmustbehelpful.Othertestshaveshownthatlaughterappearstomaketheeffectofpainonthebodyoneexperimentdoctorsproducedpainingroupsofstudentswholistenedtodifferentradiogroupwhichcouldbearthepainforthelongesttimewasthegroupwhichlistenedtoafunnyreasonwhylaughtercanmakepainlessseemstobethatithelpstoproduceendorphins(內(nèi)啡肽)inthearenaturalchemicalswhichmakebothstressandpainless.Thereisalsosomeevidencetosuggestthatlaughterhelpsthebody'simmunesystemthatisthesystemwhichfightsinfection(感染)．Inanexperiment,onegroupofstudentswatchedafunnyvideowhileanothergroupservedasthecontrolgroup—inotherwords，agroupwithwhichtocomparethefirstcheckedthebloodofthestudentsinbothgroupsandfoundthatthepeopleinthegroupthatwatchedthevideohadanincreaseintheactivityoftheirwhitebloodcellsthatisthecellswhichfightinfection.Asaresultofthesediscoveries,somedoctorsandpsychiatrists(精神病學(xué))intheUnitedStatesnowholdlaughterclinics,inwhichtheytrytoimprovetheirpatients'conditionbyencouragingthemtohavefoundthateveniftheirpatientsdonotreallyfeellikelaughing,makingthemsmileisenoughtoproducegoodeffectssimilartothosecausedbylaughter.【語篇解讀】這篇文章講的是笑是良藥，而且能減輕病人的痛苦，能夠鍛煉身體并提高人的免疫能力。醫(yī)生現(xiàn)在開始研究笑及其對人身體的作用。1．Welearnfromthefirstparagraphthatlaughter________.A．isgoodforone'shealthB．hasstrongeffectstodowithsomeillnessC．hasbeenstudiedlongsinceD．hasnoeffectonthebody【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章開頭的諺語“Laughteristhebestmedicine”(笑是最好的良藥)可知答案是A。【答案】A2．Doctorshavefoundthatlaughter________．A．keepsdownbloodpressureB．hassimilareffectstophysicalexerciseC．decreasestheheartrateD．increasesstressandpain【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Itwasfoundthatlaughterhassimilareffectstophysicalexercise.”(據(jù)發(fā)現(xiàn)笑和身體鍛煉有著同樣的功效)可知答案B?！敬鸢浮緽3．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueoflaughteraccordingtothepassage?A．Itmakespainless.B．Itexercisesthebody.C．Itimprovesthebody'simmunesystem.D．Itcancurecancer.【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三、四段可知A、B、C三項(xiàng)正確，而D項(xiàng)太絕對化了。笑對身體有好處，但是不能治好疾病，只能起緩減疼痛的作用，故選D。【答案】D4．Themainideaofthispassageisthat________．A．thedoctorsshouldlearnhowtomakepeoplelaughB．thereareseveralwaysofstudyingtheadvantagesoflaughterC．testsshowthatlaughtercanproducepositiveeffectsonhumanbodyD．laughterandphysicalexercisehavethesameeffectsonhumanbody【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文描述可知這篇文章主要是通過實(shí)驗(yàn)說明笑能對人體產(chǎn)生積極的作用，故選C?！敬鸢浮緾【導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào)：96750043】B(2023·河北冀州高二上月考)WhenIwasaboygrowingupinNewJerseyinthe1960s,wehadamilkmandeliveringmilktoournamewasworeawhitecap,anddroveawhiteafive-year-oldboy,Icouldn'ttakemyeyesoffthecoinchanger(硬幣兌換器)，fixedtohisnoticedthisonedayduringadelivery,andgavemeaquarteroutofhiscoinchanger.Ofcourse,hedeliveredmorethanwascheeseandeggsandsoweneededtochangeourorder,mymotherwouldpenanote，“Pleaseaddabottleofbuttermilknextdelivery，”andputitintheboxalongwiththeemptythen,thebuttermilkwouldmagicallyappear.Allofthiswasaboutmorethanwasacloserelationshipbetweenfamiliesandtheirevenhadakeytomyhouse，forthosetimeswhenitwassocoldoutsidethatwecouldboxindoors，sothatthemilkwouldn'tIrememberfromtimetotime,takingabreakatourkitchentable,havingacupofteaandtellingstoriesabouthisdelivery.Thereissadlynohomemilkdeliverycompaniesallowtheproductionofcheapermilk,somakingitdifficultformilkmento,milkisforsaleitmayjustnothavebeenpracticaltohaveadeliveryservice.Recently,anoldmilkboxinthecou