高中英語牛津譯林版Unit4Lawandorder unit

Unit4Lawandorder隨著垃圾郵件的泛濫，利用法律來保護(hù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)用戶的呼聲越來越高了。StopSpam!WhenIfirstgotane-mailaccounttenyearsago，Ireceivedcommunicationsonlyfromfamily，friends，anditseemsthateverytimeIcheckmye-mail，Ihaveanendlessseriesofadvertisementsandothercorrespondencethatdonotinterestmeatwewante-mailtocontinuetobeuseful，weneedspecificlawsthatmakespamming(發(fā)送垃圾郵件)acrime.Iflawmakersdonotdosomethingsoontoprohibitspam，theproblemwillcertainlygetmuchprogramsallowspammerstosendhundredsofmillionsofe-mailsalmostmoreandmoreadvertisersturntospamtoselltheirproducts，individual(個(gè)人的)e-mailboxesareoftenfloodedwithspame-peoplecontinuetousee-mailiftheyhadtodealwithanannoyingamountofspameachtime?Thisproblemistroublingforindividualsandcompaniesasspame-mailscontaincomputervirusesthatcanshutdowntheentirenetworkofarelyone-mailfortheiremployeestocommunicatewitheachfrequentlycausesfailuresintheirlocalcommunicationsnetworks，andtheiremployeesarethusunabletocommunicateasituationresultsinalossofproductivityandrequirescompaniestorepeatedlyrepairtheircomputerproblemsraiseproductioncostsofcompanies，whichare，intheend，passedontotheconsumer.Forthesereasons，Ibelievethatlawmakersneedtolegislate(立法)againstshouldbefined，andperhapssenttoprisoniftheycontinuetodisturb-mailisatoolwhichhelpspeopleallovertheworldtocommunicateconveniently，butspamisdestroyingthisconvenience.1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“correspondence”inParagraph1probablymean?________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2．Accordingtothetext，whatisthemajorcauseofthefloodingspam?________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】.advertisersbegintopromotesalesthroughspam.SectionⅠWelcometotheunit&Reading—Preparing詞義搭配1．delete A．tomakeajudgementaboutthenatureorqualityofsb./sth.2．a(chǎn)ssess B．toremovehasbeenwrittenorprinted3．Ripe C．a(chǎn)roughwrittenversionofisnotyetinitsfinalform4．firm D．a(chǎn)businessorcompany5．leak E．toallowliquidorgastogetinoroutthroughasmallhole orcrack6．suspect F．totrytoreachanagreementbyformaldiscussion7．draft G．fullygrownandreadytobeeaten8．negotiate H．tohaveanideathatprobablytrueorlikelyto happen，especially，butwithouthavingdefiniteproof【答案】短語填空aswell；relateto；intheend；breakinto；keepupwith;referto；prevent...from；inaddition1．Wearegoingtotakepartinthepartytonight，whydon'tyoucome____________？2．Lungcancerisoften____________smoking.3．________________，heovercameallthedifficultyhemetwith.4．Workharder，andyou'll____________yourclassmates.5．Hefoundhishouse____________whenhegothomeyesterday.6．Theheavyrain________him________goingtothecinema.【答案】welltotheend4．catchupwithinto；from背誦下列教材中出現(xiàn)的句型，體會(huì)黑體部分的用法1．Asurveyconductedin2023bytheComputerSecurityInstitute，aprivateorganizationintheUSA，showedthat45．6percentofthe351biggestcompaniesandgovernmentagencieshadhadtheirsecuritysystemsbrokenintointhepreviousyear.一項(xiàng)由美國(guó)私人組織“計(jì)算機(jī)安全協(xié)會(huì)”在2023年進(jìn)行的調(diào)查表明，351家最大的公司和政府機(jī)構(gòu)中，%的安全系統(tǒng)在前一年遭到入侵。2．Consideringhowbadthesituationwithcybercrimeagainstcompanieshasbecome，manypeoplewonderwhysolittleisknownaboutthis.考慮到針對(duì)公司的網(wǎng)絡(luò)犯罪的情況很惡劣，許多人質(zhì)疑為什么我們對(duì)于這些犯罪知之甚少。3．Theonlyanswertothisproblemisinternationalcooperation.這個(gè)問題唯一的答案就是國(guó)際合作。從三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇最佳答案1．Whichofthefollowingisright?A．Cybercriminalsaremoreinterestedingettingmoneyfromlargecompanies.B．Fraudagainstindividualsismoreserious.C．Receivinge-mailspromisingmoneyorchequesshowsthatyou'relucky.2．WhichoneofthemeasureswillNOTbetakentopreventonlinecrimes?A．Educatingpeoplewhousecomputers.B．Seekinginternationalcooperation.C．PreventingpeoplefromusingtheInternet.3．Littleisknownaboutcybercrimebecause________.A．thesituationisreallytoobadB．manycompaniesareunwillingtoreportthecasesC．theyfeartheywilllosecustomers【答案】完成下列表格FightagainstcybercrimeFourcybercrimeCybercrimereferstoanytothewasmeanscrimesrelatedtoalackofproperInternetsecurityandspreadingcomputerreferstocrimesthatcanbecommittedwithorwithoutaissomewebsiteswithoffen-sivecontentorencouragingmeansthoseoffencerelatingtobreakingintellectualpropertyandcopyrightlaws.ThecybercrimeAllInternetusersareaffectedbyCybercrimedirectlyorpeople'smoneyisstolenbystill，manylargecompaniesarefacedwithabiggerofbillionsofdollarswaslosteveryyearbecauseofcybercrime.Thereasonsofcybercrimecompaniesfeartheywilliftheyreportthecasesofcybercrime.2．Cybercrimeissonewthatmanygovernmentshavenotyetpassedlawsagainstit.3．Mostcountriesdon'thavearrangementsfordealingwithothercountrieswhomayhavecommittedcybercrime.ThesolutiontocybercrimeTheonlysolutiontothisproblemisaddition，itisveryimportanttodraftnewlawsandinternationalstandardforfightingcybercrime.【答案】offenceintoorviolence6．e-mailcustomerscooperation完成下面課文縮寫WiththeInternet(expand)inrecentyears,cybercrimehasbecomeatoughproblem.ThecouncilofEuropehasclassifieditfourcategories:weknowthatallInternetusersareaffectedbycybercrimeinonewayorpeoplehavereceivedcomputervirusesandmanyhavebeenthetargetsofe-mails.Althoughtherearean(increase)numberofsuchcasesagainstpeople,crimeagainstlargecompaniesisa(big)companiesandgovernmentagencieshadhadtheirsecuritysystems(break)intoin2023,(cause)hundredsofbillionsofdollars'lossworldwide.Themainreasonofcybercrimeisthatmostcybercrimeisnotreportedandsomecountrieshavenolawsagainstit.Besides,mostcountriesdonothave(arrange)fordealingwithsuspectsfromothercountriesmayhavecommittedcybercrime.Theonlyanswertothisproblemisinternational.VintonCerf,ofthefathersoftheInternetalsoagreesthatteamworkisakeytodealingwithcybercrime.【答案】SectionⅡWelcometotheunit&Reading—Languagepoints1．(教材P50)Ladiesandgentlemen，astheInternethasexpandedinrecentyears，theopportunitiesforcrimehaveexpandedas_well.女士們，先生們，近幾年來因特網(wǎng)迅速擴(kuò)張，犯罪的機(jī)會(huì)也同樣隨之增加。(1)expandv．展開；張開(帆、翅等)；使膨脹；使擴(kuò)張；擴(kuò)大；擴(kuò)充；詳述Theeagleexpandeditswingsandflewintothesky.雄鷹展開翅膀飛向天空。Heisthinkingofexpandinghisbusiness.他正考慮擴(kuò)大他的生意。Waterexpandswhenitfreezes.水結(jié)冰時(shí)體積膨脹。Intenyearsthecity'spopulationexpandedby12%.十年之中，該城人口增加了百分之十二。①expandsth.擴(kuò)大，擴(kuò)展某物expandon/uponsth.詳述；充分?jǐn)⑹?；詳?xì)闡明②expandableadj.擴(kuò)張的；可擴(kuò)充的③expansionn.擴(kuò)張；擴(kuò)展；擴(kuò)大；膨脹anexpansionofsth.……的擴(kuò)大/膨脹；……的詳述/展開Theyhaveexpandedmyviewonthequestion.他們已更充分地闡明了我對(duì)這個(gè)問題的觀點(diǎn)。Couldyouexpandonthatpoint，please?請(qǐng)你把這一點(diǎn)詳細(xì)說明一下好嗎？完成句子①你曾提到需要一筆額外資金，你詳細(xì)地談?wù)労脝?？Youmentionedtheneedforextrayou____________that?②這本書是他以前寫的劇本的擴(kuò)充。Thisbookis____________theplayhewrotebefore.【答案】①expandon②anexpansionof(2)aswell也IamgoingtoLondonandmysisterisgoingaswell(＝going，too)．我要到倫敦去，我妹妹也要去。MylittlebrothercanspeakEnglishandFrenchaswell.我弟弟會(huì)說英語，也會(huì)說法語。①aswell常用作狀語，作“又；也”解，相當(dāng)于too或also，常位于句末，無須用逗號(hào)把其與句子分開。②aswell用在口語中也可用于句中，作“也好；也行”或“倒不如”解，用來緩和語氣。用于may/mightaswelldosth.句型。③aswell可以直接用于just后，用作應(yīng)答語(可視為It'sjustaswell.的省略)，作“幸虧；幸而；無妨；沒關(guān)系”解。Youmayaswellhaveatry.你不妨試一下。Theweatherwassobadthatwemight(just)aswellhavestayedathome.天氣太壞了，早知道如此，倒不如待在家里為好。—Weweretoolatetoseethefilm.我們?nèi)サ锰砹?，沒有看上電影?！狫ustaswell，Ihearitisn'tverygood.不必遺憾，我聽說電影也不怎么樣。完成句子③我唱自己譜曲的歌，也彈吉他。IwritemyownsongsandIplaytheguitar____________.④我們不妨從運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng)上穿過去。We____________cutacrosstheplayground.【答案】③aswell④mayaswell2．facev．面向；正對(duì)；使面對(duì)；面臨；勇敢地對(duì)付；正視；覆蓋n.臉；面容；外觀(教材P50)Wearefacingcriminalswhorealizethattheycanmakemoneywithlittleriskofbeingcaught.我們正面臨著這些以為這樣做可以掙錢而幾乎沒有被捕風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的犯罪分子。Helaidthecard'sfacedownonthetable.他將紙牌的正面朝下放在桌上。①befacedwith面臨……faceup/down面朝上/下②makeaface/faces做鬼臉saveone'sface保全面子loseone'sface丟面子onthefaceof...從……的外表判斷Englandsavedtheirfacebygettingagoalinthelastminutetodrawthematch.英格蘭隊(duì)在最后一分鐘進(jìn)了一球，把比賽扳成平局，從而挽回了面子。Thefrontofthehousewasfacedwithconcrete.房屋正面涂著一層混凝土。face/look/appearanceface臉，面孔；表示“在臉上”時(shí)多用onlook臉色，神氣，外表；復(fù)數(shù)指面容appearance外表，外貌；用單數(shù)時(shí)，著重指人，往往包括衣著選詞填空(face/look/appearance)①Shecameinwithabigsmileonher________.②Hegavemeanangry________whenheheardthenews.③Don'tjudgeamanonlybyhis________.【答案】①face②look③appearance單句填空④Thechildrensatatthewindow________(make)facesatthepassers-by.⑤Ontheface________it,artificiallifelookslikeawonderfulthing.⑥Ifyoudon'twant________(lose)face,thegiftsshouldnotbetoocheap.【答案】④making⑤of⑥tolose3．offencen．犯罪；冒犯； 罪過(教材P50)CybercrimereferstoanycriminaloffencerelatedtotheInternet.網(wǎng)絡(luò)犯罪指任何與電腦相關(guān)的犯罪。Theydidn'tpardonhimforhisfirstoffenceagainstthelaw.他們沒有寬恕他初次犯法。I'msurehemeantnooffencewhenhesaidthat.我相信他那么說并無冒犯的意思。①cause/giveoffence冒犯；得罪；傷感情commit/giveoffence(against)違背；違反；破壞meannooffence沒有冒犯你的意思；不要見怪takeoffenceat對(duì)……生氣；因……動(dòng)怒②offendv.得罪；冒犯；違背；有悖于offendsb.得罪某人offendagainst有悖于……beoffendedwith/by/at對(duì)……感到生氣Iwasoffendedathiswords.我對(duì)他的話感到生氣。Theywereoffendedwithherforherconduct.他們因她的行為而對(duì)她生氣。完成句子①開車沒有執(zhí)照就是一項(xiàng)犯罪。Drivingwithoutalicenceis______________.②你的所作所為有悖于他們的宗教信仰。Whatyoudid______________theirreligiousbeliefs.【答案】①anoffence②offendedagainst4．(be)relatedto與……相聯(lián)系；與……有關(guān)；與……有親戚關(guān)系(教材P50)Lastofall，itnamesthoseoffencesrelatedtointellectualproperty.最后，它定義與知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)相關(guān)的犯罪。Hisfearofpeopleisrelatedtohisunhappychildhood.他對(duì)人的畏懼和他不幸的童年有關(guān)系。①relatevt.聯(lián)系；關(guān)聯(lián)；敘述；講述；vi.涉及；有關(guān)；符合berelatedto...和……有關(guān)系/聯(lián)系②relativen.親屬/戚adj.有關(guān)系的；有關(guān)的③relationn.關(guān)系；聯(lián)系；親屬inrelationto和……聯(lián)系起來；關(guān)于；涉及Thisparagraphrelatestotheinternationalsituation.這一段講的是國(guó)際形勢(shì)。Itisdifficulttorelatethetwocases.這兩個(gè)案件很難扯上關(guān)系。Herelatedthestoryatlength.他把故事詳詳細(xì)細(xì)地?cái)⑹隽艘槐椤trangetorelate，IoncemetSmithinParis.說起來奇怪，有一次我在巴黎遇見了史密斯。完成句子①他因病喪失了記憶。Hesufferedwithmemoryloss____________hisdisease.②他和我家有親戚關(guān)系。He______________myfamily.【答案】①relatedto②isrelatedto5．a(chǎn)ffectvt.影響；對(duì)……發(fā)生作用；使感動(dòng)；使震動(dòng)；(病)侵襲；罹患(教材P50)AllInternetusersareaffectedbycybercrimeinonewayoranother.所有的因特網(wǎng)用戶都這樣或那樣地受到影響。Herkidneyshadbecomeaffected.她的腎臟受到了感染。Theamountofrainaffectsthegrowthofcrops.雨量影響作物的生長(zhǎng)。①begreatly/deeplyaffected很/深受感動(dòng)beaffectedbyheat/cold中暑/著涼beaffectedwithhighfever發(fā)高燒②effectn.影響haveaneffecton對(duì)……產(chǎn)生影響Thesouthofthecountrywasworstaffectedbythedrought.該國(guó)南方旱情最嚴(yán)重。Theyweredeeplyaffectedbythenewsofherdeath.她死亡的消息使他們唏噓不已。完成句子①她父親去世的消息使她深受震動(dòng)。She________________thenewsofherfather'sdeath.②電視對(duì)年輕人有影響，這使許多老師很擔(dān)心。Television________________youngpeople，whichmanyteachersworryabout.【答案】①wasdeeplyaffectedby②hasaneffecton6．intheend最后；終于(教材P50)Thepeoplereceivingthesee-mailsareaskedtosupplyinformationabouttheirbankaccounts，andintheend，theirmoneyisstolen.收到這些電子郵件的人被要求提供他們的銀行賬戶，結(jié)果他們的錢被盜了。Everythingwillbeallrightintheend.最終一切都會(huì)好的。intheend/bytheendof.../attheend(of...)intheend意為“終于，最后”，在句中修飾整個(gè)句子。bytheendof...意為“到……為止”。常與完成時(shí)態(tài)連用。若of后面跟的是將來時(shí)間，句子則用將來完成時(shí)；若of后面跟的是過去時(shí)間則句子要和過去完成時(shí)連用。attheend(of...)意為“在(……的)末端、在……后期”，of后面若接時(shí)間，則表示某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)，句子的時(shí)態(tài)要根據(jù)句子的意思而定。Intheend，itwasmorethanhecouldbear.最后，他再也忍不住了。Bytheendoflastweek，wehadlearntthreeunits.到上個(gè)星期為止，我們已學(xué)了三個(gè)單元。Attheendofthismonth，I'llpaybackyourmoney.這個(gè)月底我將還你的錢。用end的相關(guān)詞語完成下列小片段①________themeeting，thegeneralmanagersaidinaloudvoice，“We'vetriedhardtosolvethefinancialproblem，and②________we've③________nextweek，everythingwillbeallright.”【導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào)：29560024】【答案】①Attheendof②intheend③bytheendof7．(教材P50)Asurveyconductedin2023bytheComputerSecurityInstitute，aprivateorganizationintheUSA,showedthatpercentofthe351biggestcompaniesandgovernmentagencieshadhadtheirsecuritysystemsbroken_intointhepreviousyear.美國(guó)的一家私人機(jī)構(gòu)即電腦安全協(xié)會(huì)，在2023年進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查表明，在被調(diào)查的351家最大的公司和政府部門中，有%的單位的電腦安全系統(tǒng)在前一年遭到入侵。(1)conductn．行為；舉止；舉動(dòng)；品行；處理；經(jīng)營(yíng)方式；管理方法v.行為；舉止；為人；表現(xiàn)；處理；經(jīng)營(yíng)；引導(dǎo)；實(shí)施；導(dǎo)游；指揮(樂隊(duì))；導(dǎo)電；導(dǎo)熱Hisconductdisagreeswithhiswords.他言行不一致。Theheadmasterconductedusroundtheschool.校長(zhǎng)帶領(lǐng)我們?cè)趯W(xué)校里參觀了一圈。conduct...to/into...領(lǐng)著(某人)到……conductoneself表現(xiàn)；舉止conductofsth.……的經(jīng)營(yíng)方式/管理方法Yourchildrenconductthemselveswell.你的孩子們表現(xiàn)甚佳。Therewasgrowingpraiseofhisconductofthecompany.他對(duì)公司的管理方式受到越來越多人的表揚(yáng)。完成句子①他表現(xiàn)得比預(yù)料的要好得多。He_____________________thanexpected.②我們對(duì)談判的進(jìn)展感到不滿。Wearenotsatisfiedwith________________thenegotiations.【答案】①conductedhimselffarbetter②theconductof(2)breakinto強(qiáng)行闖入；撬開；突然開始(笑、唱)Theyhavehadtheirhousebrokeninto.有人闖進(jìn)了他們家。Asthesingerwalkedontothestage，theaudiencebrokeintoloudapplause.當(dāng)歌手走上舞臺(tái)時(shí)，觀眾中爆發(fā)出熱烈的掌聲。breakaway(from)脫開；離開；逃脫breakdown破壞；拆散(機(jī)器)；損壞；失?。黄屏?；精神崩潰；失去控制breakin強(qiáng)行闖入；打斷；插嘴breakoff中斷談話；停頓；斷裂breakout(戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、火災(zāi)等)突然發(fā)生；爆發(fā)breakthrough突破；打破breakup分裂；結(jié)束；解散；(學(xué)校)開始放假；使發(fā)笑；逗樂；使苦惱Thewarbrokeoutwhenhewasborn.他出生時(shí)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)爆發(fā)了。She'sjustbrokenupwithherboyfriend.她剛剛和男朋友分手。Finallythecountrybrokeupintothreecountries.最后，這個(gè)國(guó)家分裂為三個(gè)國(guó)家。完成句子③Abankwas____________(闖進(jìn))lastnight.④Firefightershadto____________(打倒，破壞)thedoortoreachthepeopletrappedinside.⑤Scientiststhinktheyarebeginningto____________(取得突破)inthefightagainstcancer.⑥Theydecidedto____________(結(jié)束)thepartnership.【答案】③brokeninto④breakdown⑤breakthrough⑥breakup8．consideringprep.考慮到(教材P51)Consideringhowbadthesituationwithcybercrimeagainstcompanieshasbecome,manypeoplewonderwhysolittleisknownaboutthis.考慮到針對(duì)公司的網(wǎng)絡(luò)犯罪的情況很惡劣，許多人質(zhì)疑為什么我們對(duì)于這些犯罪知之甚少。Consideringtheweather，wegotherequitequickly.考慮到天氣，我們很快到達(dá)了這兒。①consider(考慮)＋eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(n./pron.考慮某事,doingsth.打算做某事,疑問詞＋todosth.打算/考慮做某事,從句考慮……))②consider(認(rèn)為)＋eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(sb./sth.＋tobeadj./n.,認(rèn)為某人/某事……,sb./sth.＋as...把……當(dāng)作……,that-clause認(rèn)為……,it＋adj./dosth.認(rèn)為做,某事……))③consideredtohavedonesth.某人被認(rèn)為已做某事④oconsideration把……考慮在內(nèi)Competitionistough，sojobseekersmustcarefullyconsidertheirpersonalchoices.競(jìng)爭(zhēng)非常激烈，因此求職者必須仔細(xì)考慮他們的個(gè)人選擇。Ihadalwaysconsideredmyselfastrongcompetentwoman.我曾一直以為自己是一個(gè)堅(jiān)強(qiáng)能干的女人。單句填空①Doyouconsider________wisetointerfere?②Takingeverythinginto________(consider)，theresultisbetterthanIexpected.【答案】①it②consideration9.(教材P51)Allofthisismademoredifficultbythelegalsituationregardingcybercrime.有關(guān)網(wǎng)絡(luò)犯罪的法律狀況使形勢(shì)更加復(fù)雜。(1)situationn.形勢(shì)；情況TheeconomicsituationinChinatodayisverypromising.如今中國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展形勢(shì)非常好。Heisinadifficultsituation.他的處境很困難。as/if/whenthesituationarises/whenithappens如果/當(dāng)出現(xiàn)這種情況時(shí)bein/outofasituation有/失去職業(yè)savethesituation解救危機(jī)，挽回局勢(shì)socialsituations社交場(chǎng)合sb.'ssituation某人的境遇We'llhavetodealwithovercrowdingasthesituationarises.當(dāng)這種情況出現(xiàn)時(shí)，我們得應(yīng)對(duì)過度擁擠的問題。Socialsituationsalwaysmakemenervous.社交場(chǎng)合總是讓我感到緊張。【提示】situation后的定語從句(如果situation在定語從句中做狀語)常用where/inwhich引導(dǎo)，這類詞還有point，case，system，stage，position等。Theyhavereachedthepointwheretheyhavetoseparatewitheachother.他們已經(jīng)到了必須分手的地步。完成句子①他以前獨(dú)自一人離開過家嗎？Hasheeverbeen____________whenhe'sbeenoutonhisown?②每次你在社交場(chǎng)合遇到人時(shí)，把精力集中在他身上四分鐘。Everytimeyoumeetsomeone____________，givehimyourundividedattentionforfourminutes.【答案】①inasituation②inasocialsituation(2)regardingprep.關(guān)于；至于(比about正式)Iwrotealetterregardingmydaughter'sschoolexaminations.我寫了一封關(guān)于我女兒學(xué)校考試的信。Heknewnothingregardingthecase.關(guān)于這個(gè)案子他一無所知。①regardlessadv.無論如何；不管怎樣regardlessof不管；不顧②regardv．&n.認(rèn)為；注意regard...as...把……當(dāng)作……with/inregardto關(guān)于；至于Theboywentswimminginthedeeplakeregardlessofhismother'sfearsforhissafety.那個(gè)男孩不顧母親對(duì)他安全的擔(dān)心，到深湖中去游泳了。Iregardhimasafriend.我當(dāng)他是朋友。Theteacherwishestospeaktoyouinregardtoyourbeinglate.老師要和你談?wù)勱P(guān)于你遲到的問題。完成句子③關(guān)于價(jià)格，我們認(rèn)為它太高了。Weconsiderittoohigh____________theprice.④她不顧一切后果，決心這樣做。Sheisdeterminedtodoit____________allconsequences.【答案】③withregardto④regardlessof10．a(chǎn)pplicantn．申請(qǐng)者(教材P53)Informationrelatedtoapplicants，staffandtheadministrationofourcompanyisprivateandconfidential.我們公司的申請(qǐng)者、員工和管理相關(guān)的信息是私密和機(jī)密的。Theapplicantisanimporteroffruit.申請(qǐng)人是一個(gè)水果進(jìn)口商。Theagentmustanswerallthequestionsinitem5fortheapplicant.代理人必須為申請(qǐng)人回答第5項(xiàng)所有問題。①applicationn．申請(qǐng)；申請(qǐng)書/表；實(shí)施；應(yīng)用；實(shí)用性；用功；專心②applyvi.申請(qǐng)；請(qǐng)求；有關(guān)；涉及vt.使用；應(yīng)用；涂；敷apply(tosb.)forsth.(向某人)申請(qǐng)某物applysth.(tosth.)將某物應(yīng)用于某物applyoneselfto(doing)sth.專心于……；致力于……applytodosth.申請(qǐng)去做某事完成句子①貧窮的學(xué)生們申請(qǐng)免費(fèi)上學(xué)。Thepoorstudents____________gotoschoolforfree.②護(hù)士用繃帶包扎傷口。Thenurse______________tothewound.【答案】①appliedto②appliedthebandage學(xué)業(yè)分層測(cè)評(píng)Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．Successful________(申請(qǐng)人)willbenotifiedbytelephone.2．Wetriedto________(評(píng)估)hissuitabilityforthejob.3．Thereportsaretreatedasstrictly________(機(jī)密的)．4．Theairlineis________(談判)anewcontractwiththeunion.5．Somepeoplehavea________(仇恨)ofanythingnew.6．IshowedDavida________(草稿)oftheletterandhesuggestedafewchanges.7．Severalnameshadbeen________(刪除)fromthelist.8．Wehaveallyourdetailson________(檔案)．9．Theexplosionwascausedbyagas________(裂縫)inthemainline.10．Police________(懷疑)thatshehadsomeconnectionwiththerobbery.【答案】8．fileⅡ.單句填空1．The________(expand)ofthefactorywillmeantheemploymentofsixtyextraworkers.2．Theywere________(face)withtheburningthreatofwar.3．Allthosewhoareimmediately________(involve)willbeinformedofthedecision.4．Hebehaveshimselfsoasnottogive________(offend)toothers.5．Wethinkalltheseareclosely________(relate)questions.6．Icaughtupwiththeotherstudents________theend.7．Heconducted________(him)farbetterthanexpected.8．Iwasn'tthinkingaboutitlike'veneverevenconsidered________(try)tochangeanything.9．Shesaidnothing________(regard)yourrequest.【導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào)：29560039】10．Thejob________(apply)claimedhehadacollegedegree.【答案】9．regardingⅢ.閱讀理解A(2023·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)SalvadorDali(1904-1989)wasoneofthemostpopularofmodernPompidouCentreinParisisshowingitsrespectandadmirationfortheartistandhispowerfulpersonalitywithanexhibitionbringingtogetherover200paintings，sculptures，drawingsandtheworksandmasterworksonexhibitionthevisitorwillfindthebestpieces，mostimportantlyThePersistenceofisalsoL'EnigmesansFinfrom1938，worksonpaper，objects，andprojectsforstageandscreenandselectedpartsfromtelevisionprogrammesreflectingtheartist'sshowmanqualities.ThevisitorwillentertheWorldofDalithroughaneggandismetwiththebeginning，theworldofexhibitionfollowsapathoftimeandsubjectwiththevisitorexitingthroughthebrain.TheexhibitionshowshowDalidrawstheviewerbetweentwoinfinities(無限)．“Fromtheinfinitysmalltotheinfinitylarge，contractionandexpansioncominginandoutoffocus：amazingFlemishaccuracyandtheshowyBaroqueofoldpaintingthatheusedinhismuseum-theatreinFigueras，”explainsthePompidouCentre.Thefineselectionofthemajorworkswasdoneinclosecollaboration(合作)withtheMuseoNacionalReinaSofiainMadrid，Spain，andwithcontributionsfromotherinstitutionsliketheSalvadorDaliMuseumin，F(xiàn)lorida.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了巴黎蓬皮杜藝術(shù)中心展覽了薩爾瓦多·達(dá)利眾多的藝術(shù)展品，以幫助人們了解薩爾瓦多·達(dá)利的作品風(fēng)格。1．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesDaliaccordingtoParagraph1?A．Optimistic. B．Productive.C．Generous. D．Traditional.【解析】推理判斷題。由第一段中的ThePompidouCentreinParisisshowingitsrespectandadmirationfortheartistandhispowerfulpersonalitywithanexhibitionbringingtogetherover200paintings，sculptures，drawingsandmore.可知，巴黎蓬皮杜藝術(shù)中心的展覽匯集了達(dá)利200多件油畫、雕塑、繪畫等作品，由此可以推斷出他是一個(gè)多產(chǎn)的(productive)藝術(shù)家。對(duì)于他的“樂觀”、“慷慨”和“傳統(tǒng)”，文中沒有信息句支持。故選項(xiàng)B正確?！敬鸢浮緽2．WhatisDali'sThePersistenceofMemoryconsideredtobe?A．Oneofhismasterworks.B．Asuccessfulscreenadaptation.C．Anartisticcreationforthestage.D．OneofthebestTVprogrammes.【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段中的Amongtheworksandmasterworksonexhibitionthevisitorwillfindthebestpieces，mostimportantlyThePersistenceofMemory.可知，ThePersistenceofMemory是達(dá)利最優(yōu)秀的作品之一，即杰作之一。故選項(xiàng)A正確。根據(jù)第一段最后一句．..worksonpaper，objects，andprojectsforstageandscreenandselectedpartsfromtelevisionprogrammesreflectingtheartist'sshowmanqualities.可知是其他作品與stage，screen，televisionprogrammes有關(guān)，而不是ThePersistenceofMemory這部作品，故排除B、C、D三項(xiàng)。【答案】A3．HowaretheexhibitsarrangedattheWorldofDali?A．Bypopularity. B．Byimportance.C．Bysizeandshape. D．Bytimeandsubject.【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的Theexhibitionfollowsapathoftimeandsubjectwiththevisitorexitingthroughthebrain.可知，達(dá)利的作品展覽是按照時(shí)間和主題組織的。對(duì)于按照“流行度”“重要性”“尺寸和形狀”等這樣的形式，文中并無信息支持。故選項(xiàng)D正確?！敬鸢浮緿4．Whatdoestheword“contributions”inthelastparagraphreferto?A．Artworks. B．Projects.C．Donations. D．Documents.【解析】詞義猜測(cè)題。最后一段強(qiáng)調(diào)了對(duì)主要作品進(jìn)行了精選(thefineselectionofthemajorworks)，又點(diǎn)明contributions來自其他機(jī)構(gòu)，所以可推斷出contributions應(yīng)該屬于works的范疇。故選項(xiàng)A正確。【答案】ABAgathaChristiesaidsheneverknewwheretheideasforanewnovelwouldspringfrom：“Plotscometomeatsuchmoments,whenIamwalkingalongthestreet，orexaminingahatshop...suddenlyasplendidideacomesintomyhead.”Christie'sinspirationcamefromtheworldsheanaturalobserver,herdescriptionsareoftengrandson,MathewPrichard,hasdescribedheras“apersonwholistenedmorethanshetalked,whosawmorethanshewasseen”．HistorianC．wroteofChristie：“Hersocialsettings,hercharactersandherdialoguearealwaysaccurately-round_(全面的)_craftsman_in_the_field．”Shemadenotesindozensofnotebooksonpotentialplotsandcharactersastheycametospenthertimeworkingoutallthedetailsandcluesinherheadbeforeputtingpentoson-in-law,AnthonyHicks，oncesaid，“Younever-sawhernevershutherselfaway，likeotherwritersdo.”ItwasoftenthemosteverydayeventsandcasualobservationsthatformedanewsecondbookTheSecretAdversarycamefromaconversationoverheardinateatheatretriptoseetheactressRuthDraperledhertowriteLordEdgwareDies.MurderontheLinkswaswrittenbecauseofanewspaperarticleaboutasuspiciousdeathinCaribbeanMysterywaspublishedinCaribbeanislandwasbeautifullydescribedandwasprobablybasedon，anislandChristiehadvisitedonholiday.Agathawasalsoanavidreader(酷愛閱讀的人)inheryouthandthroughoutheradultquotedmuchliteratureinherownlibraryrangedfromCharlesDickenstoP．,andLewisCarrolltoWilliamShakespeare.5．WhatcanweknowaboutAgathaChristie?A．Shewasatalkativewoman.B．Sheclosedherselfinaroomtowrite.C．Shewasgoodatobservingthings.D．Shehadapoormemory.【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段Asanaturalobserver，第三段的casualobservations可知阿加莎·克里斯蒂善于觀察事物。【答案】C6．TheunderlinedsentenceinimpliesWedgwood________.A．didn'tlikeChristie'swritingstyleB．didn'tthinkChristiewasagreatwriterC．thoughthighlyofChristieD．learnedalotfromChristie'sspirit【解析】句意理解題。本句所在段落旨在贊揚(yáng)阿加莎·克里斯蒂的文學(xué)造詣。本句意思是“她在這一領(lǐng)域(文學(xué)寫作)堪稱大師”。【答案】C7．Whichbook'ssourcecamefromatheatretrip?A．TheSecretAdversary.B．LordEdgwareDies.C．MurderontheLinks.D．ACaribbeanMystery.【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從文章第三段AtheatretriptoseetheactressRuthDraperledhertowriteLordEdgwareDies可知?！敬鸢浮緽8．Thepassageismainlyabout________.A．AgathaChristie'sattitudetowardslifeB．AgathaChristie'sachievementsC．whathistoriansthinkofChristieD．howAgathaChristiewrote【解析】主旨大意題。阿加莎·克里斯蒂用對(duì)日常生活的細(xì)節(jié)觀察入微所碰撞出靈感的火花以及引用文學(xué)大師的作品來寫作。故本文著重描寫了她是如何創(chuàng)作的?！敬鸢浮緿Ⅳ.翻譯句子1．近年來因特網(wǎng)迅速擴(kuò)張，犯罪的機(jī)會(huì)也同樣隨之增加。(aswell)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2．它定義了同侵犯知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)和違反版權(quán)法相關(guān)的犯罪行為。(relateto)________________________________________________________________3．你能想出可以使用這個(gè)單詞的語境嗎？(where引導(dǎo)的定語從句)________________________________________________________________4．許多人的家園在這場(chǎng)暴雨中被毀了(have．【導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào)：29560040】________________________________________________________________【答案】theInternethasexpandedinrecentyears，theopportunitiesforcrimehaveincreasedaswell.2．Itidentifiesthoseoffencesrelatingtobreakingintellectualpropertyandcopyrightlaws.3．Canyouthinkofasituationwherethewordcanbeused?4．Manypeoplehadtheirhousesdamagedinthestorm.Ⅴ.語法填空IwasintheninthyearwhenIbegantosufferdepression.MyparentsnoticedbutfeltthatsinceI'dalwaysbeengoodchild,thiswastemporary.2．________(fortunate),itwasnottobeso.Ididn'thavefriends.HardlycouldIsharemyworrybegantodestroymy(confident).FinallyIrefusedtoattendclasses,(shut)myselfinmyroomforhours.Theexaminationwasapproaching,butIsimplydidn'tparentsandteachersweresurprisedmybadperformance.Onemorning,afteraparticularlyseverelecturefrommyfather,Istoodattheschoolgate，(depress).Thenastheotherstudentsmarchedtotheirclassrooms,ourheadmastercalledme.Thenextforty-fiveminuteswasoneof(precious)momentsinmylife.Shesaidshe(notice)abigchangeinmeandwonderedwhy.Atfirstshetookmyhandsin(she)andlistenedpatientlyasImentionedmyworries.ThenshehuggedmeasIwept.Monthsoffrustrationandlonelinessdisappearedinhermotherlyhug.Noonehadtriedtounderstandwhattherealproblemwasexcepttheheadmaster,helpedmeoutsimplybylisteningandhugging.【答案】4．shuttingmostpreciousnoticedSectionⅢWordpower&Grammarandusage1．(教材P54)Adetectivemayalsobeneededtosearchforthepersonresponsibleforthecrime.有可能需要一位偵探來搜查這次罪行的責(zé)任人。(1)searchvt.&vi.搜查；在……中搜尋(＋for)，細(xì)看；仔細(xì)檢查Policesearchedeveryonepresentatthesceneofcrime.警察搜查了在犯罪現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的每一個(gè)人。Hesearchedeveryroominthehouse.他搜查了這房子的每一個(gè)房間。Hesearchedforworkatthevariousstores.他在各家商店尋找工作。searchsb.搜某人的身searchsomewhere搜查某地方；在……中搜查searchfor尋找(指搜尋某個(gè)特定的目標(biāo)，相當(dāng)于lookfor)search...for搜查某人或某場(chǎng)所以尋找某物insearchof尋找(是介詞短語，常作目的狀語)makeasearchfor搜索；尋求；追求Theymadealongsearchforthelostchild.他們花了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間去找失蹤的孩子。完成句子①他去森林為他生病的妻子找草藥。Hewenttotheforest____________medicinalherbsforhissickwife.②他們尋找了一天這個(gè)丟失的孩子。Forawholedaythey____________thelostchild.③我沒拿你的書，但我愿意幫你找。Iwill____________yourbook,thoughIdon'tthinkIhavetakenit.【答案】①insearchof②searchedfor③makeasearchfor(2)responsibleadj.需負(fù)責(zé)任的；承擔(dān)責(zé)任的(＋for/to)；作為原因的(＋for)；認(rèn)真負(fù)責(zé)的；可信賴的；責(zé)任重大的；重要的Weshouldgivethejobtoaresponsibleperson.我們應(yīng)將該工作委托給一個(gè)有責(zé)任心的人。heldaresponsibleposition.馬奇先生擔(dān)任過要職。①beresponsibleforsth.對(duì)某事負(fù)責(zé)beresponsib