組織學(xué)與胚胎學(xué)chapter3ct proper

Chapter3ConnectiveTissueProperZhengWeiDepartmentofHistologyandEmbryology,CMUCelltypesofCoTFibersofCoTClassificationofcartilageHyalinecartilagestructureCT–generalfeaturesepitheliumconnectivetissuemuscleglandconnectivetissueesophagus1、組成CT細(xì)胞C間質(zhì)纖維基質(zhì)CT–generalfeaturesconnectivetissueepitheliumesophagusCharacteristicsMorekindsofcellsbutlessinnumberwithmoreextracellularmatrixCellshavenopolarizationRichinvascularityandinnervationOrigination:MesenchymalcellsFunction:hold,support,connectnutrition,defense,andrepairClassificationofconnectiveTissueConnectivetissueproper固有結(jié)締組織Looseconnectivetissue疏松結(jié)締組織Denseconnectivetissue致密結(jié)締組織Adiposetissue脂肪組織Reticulartissue網(wǎng)狀組織Cartilage軟骨Bone骨Blood血液Looseconnectivetissue(stretchedpreparationofmesentery)Irregulardenseconnectivetissue（collagenousfiberandfibroblast)Adiposetissueregulardenseconnectivetissue(tendon)Elasticfiber(dermofskin）ReticularfiberLiverandlymphnodeLooseconnectivetissueFibers:膠原纖維Collagenousfiber彈性纖維Elasticfiber網(wǎng)狀纖維ReticularfiberGroundSubstance:糖胺多糖glycosaminoglycan蛋白多糖多黏糖蛋白Multiadhesiveglycoprotein組織液TissuefluidextracellularsubstanceCellFibrobalstsMacrophagecellPlasmacellsMastcellsMesenchymalcellsFatcellleukocytes建（間）成巨大白漿房（肪）Looseconnectivetissue(stretchedpreparationofmesentery)ElasticfiberMastcellMacrophageFibroblastCollagenousfiber

(一)Cells

1、成纖維細(xì)胞（fibroblast）LM:Flatwithprocesses,orsatelliteorspindle-shapedinappearance.Largenucleuswithpale,finechromatin.Oneortwoconspicuousnucleoli.Weaklybasophilia.EM:RichinrERandfreeri.WelldevelopedGol.1、成纖維細(xì)胞（fibroblast）LM:EM:Function:Producefibersandamorphousgroundsubstance.Fibrocytes:

Aninactivestatusoffibroblast,spindle-shapedwithasmaller,darkernucleusandanacidophiliccytoplasm.Fibroblastandfibrocyte（EM）Fibroblast（EM）nucleusFreeribosomerER2、巨噬細(xì)胞(macrophage)

LM：Irregularinshapewithshortprocesses.Roundedandsmalleranddarknucleus.Acidophiliccytoplasm.EM：Irregularsurfacewithnumerousfinger-likeandplate-likemicrovili.Richly.,pinosomes,andphagosomes.2、巨噬細(xì)胞(macrophage)

LM:EM:Function:

趨化性Chemotaxis:movingtowardstochemotacticfactor.吞噬功能Phagocyticactivity分泌功能Secretion調(diào)節(jié)和參與免疫ImmunoresponseDerivedfrommonocyteinblood3、漿細(xì)胞(plasmacell)LM：Ovoidorroundinshape.Nucleusislocatedeccentrically.Deeplystainedheterochromatinisarrangedlikefiguresonaclock-face.Cytoplasmisabundantandintenselybasophilic.EM：Alightly-stainedarealiesneartheeccentricnucleus,whereawell-developedGol.Apairofcentriolesaresituated.ExtensiverER.3、漿細(xì)胞(plasmacell)LM：EM：Function:

Produceantibodies,i.e.immunoglobulins,whichplaythekeyroleinthebody’shumoralimmunereaction.DerivedfromLymphaticBcells.

4、肥大細(xì)胞(mastcell)LM:

Fairlylargeandroundorovoidwithasmallandpalenucleus.Thecytoplasmisfilledwithseveralhundredcoarsemetachromaticgranules.

4、肥大細(xì)胞(mastcell)LM:EM:Numerousvillousprocessesandsurfacefolds,thedensegranulesareenvelopedbyamembrane.Theircontentsarequiteheterogeneous,withcoarsesub-unitsconsistingofscrollsofthinlamellaeofdifferentsizesandorientation.

4、肥大細(xì)胞(mastcell)LM:EM:Function:Thegranulescontainheparin,histamine,eosinophilchemotacticfactors,andproteoglycan,beinginvolvedinallergicreactions.5、脂肪細(xì)胞(fatcell)6、未分化間充質(zhì)細(xì)胞

(Mesenchymalcells)7、白細(xì)胞(leukocytes)macrophagefibroblastMastcellPlasmacellComparisonofthreetypesoffibers

Collagenousfiber Elasticfiber ReticularfiberFresh whitefiber yellow fiber argyrophilicfiberDiameter 1-20um 0.2-1um 0.2-1.0umShape wavyandbranch thinbranch short,branchComponent IorIIIcollagen elastin IIIcollagenLM pink(H&E) pink,refrectivedarkline thread(H&E)(silverstaining) PAS(+)EM periodiccrossband64nm periodiccrossband

1、膠原纖維(collagenousfiber)

肉眼：白纖維LM：數(shù)量多，粗細(xì)不等，分支交織成網(wǎng)，HE－嗜酸性。EM：膠原原纖維－明暗相間64nm周期性橫紋（二）、纖維

1、膠原纖維(collagenousfiber)

化學(xué)成分：Ⅰ型和Ⅲ型膠原蛋白（二）、纖維膠原蛋白膠原原纖維膠原纖維Collagenousfibril功能：韌性大，抗拉力強(qiáng)Collagen

2、彈性纖維(elasticfiber)肉眼：黃纖維

LM：量少，分布廣，HE－淡紅色，醛復(fù)紅－紫色或棕褐色

EM：無周期性橫紋

2、彈性纖維(elasticfiber)組成：核心－彈性蛋白(elastin)

外周－微原纖維(microfibril)功能：彈性大

3、網(wǎng)狀纖維(reticularfiber)又稱嗜銀纖維

LM：較細(xì)、分支多，交織成網(wǎng)，

HE（－），鍍銀-棕黑色，嗜銀性

EM：膠原原纖維，見64nm周期性橫紋

3、網(wǎng)狀纖維(reticularfiber)化學(xué)成分：III型膠原蛋白多糖和糖蛋白－PAS（＋）功能：支架GroundsubstanceJelly-likeamorphoushomogenoussubstanceGlycosaminoglycansandproteinssulphated:chondroitinsulphate（硫酸軟骨素）keratinsulphate（硫酸角質(zhì)素）proteinnon-sulphated:hyaluronicacid（透明質(zhì)酸）molecularsieve(分子篩)膠原原纖維Collagenousfibril透明質(zhì)酸Hyaluronicacid蛋白多糖亞單位Sub-unitofproteo-glycan基質(zhì)分子篩模式圖GroundsubstancemoleculesieveDenseconnectivetissue(dCoT)DenseregularconnectivetissueDenseconnectivetissue(dCoT)DenseirregularconnectivetissueCollagenousfiberFibroblastDense