Unit 2 Natural disasters 牛津譯林版 高中英語(yǔ)必修第三冊(cè)講義(上)

M3U2NaturaldisastersI

閱下短，空處入1個(gè)當(dāng)單或括內(nèi)詞正形。ThewildfiresinAustraliabecameconsiderablyworseinJanuary,2020.disasterfacedby__36__countryisfarfromover.ofthefires__37__(send)smokehighintotheatmosphereandsomesmoketurnedintopyrocumulonimbusclouds.Thecloudscanhelpafireinmoreairandshiftsurfacewinds,__38__(result)infire龍卷風(fēng).Fireshavedestroyedhabitatsforanimalsthat__39__(find)onlyAustralia,includingkoalasandrarebirds.Itwilltaketimetofullyknowhowmuchharmthefiresdone__40__wildlife.Thewildfiresareexpected__41__(continue)burningformonthsasAustraliaentereditsdryseason.Thispastyear,2019,isthehottestanddriestyearonrecord.Fireshappen__42__(regular)duringtheAustraliandryseason.However,climateandnaturalchangesaremakingthesituation__43__(bad).Atleast12millionacreshavebeenburnedfarinVictoriaandSouthalone.thehas__44__toSouthAmerica.Thereissomuchsmokethatitmaystayintheformonths,__45__couldasmalleffecttheplanetclimate.【案36.the37.sent38.resulting39.found40.to41.tocontinue42.regularly43.worse44.it45.which

語(yǔ)言知初探根據(jù)詞性和漢語(yǔ)提示，寫(xiě)出下列單詞．（指在事故中）傷害，使受→injuryn.[C,U]傷害，損害injuredadj.受的，受損害的．n.[C,U]反應(yīng)，回應(yīng)reactvi.回，（對(duì)…做出反應(yīng)．confirmvt.證，證明，確認(rèn)；使確→confirmation[U,證；確認(rèn)書(shū)，證明書(shū)．vi.發(fā)，出現(xiàn)；（想法、主意在某人腦海中）突然出→occurrence發(fā)生，出現(xiàn)；發(fā)生的事，事件1

1616．a(chǎn)pproachvt.（距離或時(shí)間上）近，接近vt.處理，解決→approachingadj.即到來(lái)的．n.輕，寬慰；減輕，消→relievevt.減，緩和；解除（職務(wù)→adj.感到欣慰的．vt.通知，使知→informedadj.了情況的；見(jiàn)多識(shí)廣的II.

根據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全下列短語(yǔ)crashinto...

沖上，撞上…rollcall點(diǎn)safesound安然無(wú)恙的atlarge總；在逃inorderlyline有地排成一排earthquakesafetyprocedures地震全練

押頭韻）efficienteffective高且有效的blackblueadj.遍鱗傷的firstandforemostadv.首hearthandhomen.溫暖舒適的家庭生活besignalof...

是的號(hào)keeponehead保持冷靜toonegreatrelief令人大為欣慰的是10.beclearedof...

清除11.infaceof...面對(duì)…重知點(diǎn)析知識(shí)要點(diǎn)hitvt.&vi.打，侵襲；對(duì)…生不良影響，損害(教材P)Wecannotpreventnaturaldisasters,butisthereanythingwedowhenhit?我不能阻止自然災(zāi)害的發(fā)生，但是當(dāng)它們襲來(lái)時(shí)，我們可以做什么呢？如：Ruralareasworsthitbythe這罷對(duì)農(nóng)村地區(qū)的打擊最沉重。Theareawashitbythefloods.這地區(qū)遭到洪水襲擊。n.Theairlineindustrytookahitlastyear.去航空業(yè)受到了沉重打擊。【納展其他用法：n．歡迎的人（或事物），風(fēng)行一時(shí)的流行曲（或唱片）；（在計(jì)算機(jī)或互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上搜索的）查詢結(jié)果如：wasmassivehitatboxoffice.這部電影極為賣(mài)座。2

TheprovedaninstanthitinChina.這種轎車(chē)在中國(guó)迅速走紅。Theyplayedlotofhitsfromthe90s.他演奏了許多80年和90年代流行的老歌Thehashitbig

intheUS.樂(lè)在美國(guó)一炮打響。Doyouknowthewordkiasu?Ifnot,bekiasugoogleYou’llgetmorehitsvt.（用手或器具）擊，打；碰撞，撞擊（造損傷）使突想如：Shehithimontheheadumbrella.她用傘敲他的頭。Thebushitthebridge.公交車(chē)撞到了橋上。IthitmethatIhadachoice.我然意識(shí)到我有選擇的余地?！鷙t.使突然想起常用結(jié)構(gòu)Sth.hit(s)hit(s)that...某突然想……知識(shí)要點(diǎn)2injurevt.（尤指事故中）傷害，使受傷；損害，傷害（名譽(yù)、自尊等）(教材P)Only5studentssufferedslightinjuries,despitethecurrentfiguresof7killedover200injuredthe16disasterareaatlarge

.盡目前災(zāi)區(qū)總體的傷亡情況7人亡200多受傷，但（在這所學(xué)校）只有名學(xué)生受了輕傷。如：Threepeoplekilledfiveinjuredin車(chē)事故中有三人死亡，五人受傷。Thiscouldseriouslyinjure/damagethecompany'sreputation.這會(huì)嚴(yán)重?fù)p害公司的聲譽(yù)。【納展詞轉(zhuǎn)換：（1injury[C,U]傷害，損害如：Therewereinjuries(=nopeopleinjured)thecrash.撞事故中無(wú)人傷。（）adj.受的，受損害的常見(jiàn)搭配getinjured/hurt受theinjured傷（主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用復(fù)數(shù)）如：injuredinearthquakeweresent(send)tothenearesthospitalyesterday.知識(shí)要點(diǎn)3reactionn.[C,U]反，應(yīng)(教材P)Herstudents’reactionwasquickandcorrect--theymovedundertheirdesks,headfirst,andheldonto16thelegsofdesks.她學(xué)生們反應(yīng)迅速、正—他們頭朝里，爬到課桌下面，并緊緊抓住桌腿?！痉ń鈘eactiontosth.對(duì)某事作出回應(yīng)reactiontosb./sth.……反應(yīng)如：spokesmansaidthechangeswerenotreactionthecompany'srecent一位發(fā)言人說(shuō)，這些變動(dòng)不是針對(duì)公司最近的損失而作出的反應(yīng)。3

Whatwashisreactionto他這消息有何反應(yīng)？【納展詞轉(zhuǎn)換：react回，（對(duì)）做反應(yīng)；（對(duì)食物等）有不良反應(yīng)，過(guò)敏；起化學(xué)反應(yīng)常見(jiàn)搭配reacttosth.(bydoingsth.)（過(guò)…）…作出反應(yīng)reactagainst...反……，反抗reactwithsth.與…發(fā)生化學(xué)反應(yīng)如：reactswithwaterairtoproduce鐵水及空氣發(fā)生反應(yīng)產(chǎn)生鐵銹。Peoplecanbadlytocertainfoodadditives.人對(duì)某些食品添加劑會(huì)嚴(yán)重過(guò)敏。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)4incase以防（發(fā)生某事）；如果，假使；以防一(教材P)Atsametime,MissBrownquicklyopenedclassroomdoor,caseitbecamedamagedduringthe16shakingandcouldnotopen.與此同時(shí)，布朗女士迅速開(kāi)教室的門(mén)，以防它在晃動(dòng)中損壞而無(wú)法打開(kāi)?！痉ń鈉ase意為以防（發(fā)生某事）；如果，假使；以防萬(wàn)，引導(dǎo)從句，也可單獨(dú)使用。常見(jiàn)用法如下：（1用作連詞，表示目的，意“以防（發(fā)某事）；（2用作連詞，表示條件，意“如果，假”；（3用作副詞性短語(yǔ)，在句中作狀語(yǔ)，可單獨(dú)使用，意以防萬(wàn)一。如：stayinme.我待在這兒，也許你用得著我。（表目的）Incaseshouldneedanyhelp,here'smynumber.萬(wàn)一你需要幫助的話，這是我的電話號(hào)碼。（表?xiàng)l件）Ialsotakenoutainsurancepolicyonjustcase.為防萬(wàn)一，我還給他買(mǎi)了一份壽保險(xiǎn)?！炯{展與相的其他短語(yǔ)：inof...如果，假使（發(fā)生某事）inanycase無(wú)如何，不管怎樣inthatcase如果是那樣的話asoftenthecase這常有的事innocase決不（置于句首，句子用部分倒裝=in/undercircumstances

atnotime

byno

inno

onnoaccount

onnocondition如：There'snopointcomplaining--leavingin.現(xiàn)在抱怨毫無(wú)意義，不管怎樣我們明天都要離開(kāi)。Incaseoffire,ringthealarmbell.如遇火警，即按警鈴。Perhapsyou'vesomedoubtsabouttheattack.thatcase,mayinterestyoutoknowthatMisswitnessed你也許對(duì)這起襲擊還有些懷疑那么如果我告訴你伍茲小親眼目睹了這起事件可能會(huì)感興趣?！緯r(shí)固翻句子為防止有人跟蹤我，我特地繞了彎路。Incaseanyonewasfollowing,Imadeanelaboratedetour...4

你不能在圖書(shū)館大聲喧嘩。Innocasewillyoumakeanynoisethelibrary他遲到了，他常常這樣。Helateforschool,asisoftenthe.知識(shí)要點(diǎn)5signal(signal<l>edsignal<l>ed)vi.&vt.發(fā)號(hào)發(fā)暗號(hào)，示意vt.標(biāo)，表明，預(yù)示n.[C]信，暗號(hào)；預(yù)示；信號(hào)燈(教材P)signalledtoherstudentstoexittheclassroomanorderlylinewiththeirhandsontheirheads.16她示意學(xué)生們抱著頭，排好隊(duì)，有序離開(kāi)教室。【法解signal(to)sb.tosth.示某人做某事如：signalledtowaiterforthebill.他意服務(wù)員結(jié)賬。Hesignalled(to)ustojoinhim.他示意要我們?nèi)ニ莾?。Thescandalsurelysignalstheendofhispoliticalcareer.毫疑問(wèn)，這樁丑聞?lì)A(yù)示他的政治生涯就此結(jié)束。adanger/warning/distressetc.signal危、警告、求救等信號(hào)【時(shí)固翻句子Anafternoonnap(午睡isoneofthejoysoflife,althoughmuchnappingcouldsignalisnot（徐一模）午小可人的大趣但睡多能明睡身有恙知識(shí)要點(diǎn)6confirmvt.證實(shí)，證明，確認(rèn)；使確信(教材P)Afteracallconfirmedthatallweresafeandsound,theyrelaxed,laughing,cryinghuggingeach16other.點(diǎn)確認(rèn)所有人都安然無(wú)恙后，他們才放松下來(lái)，笑著，哭著，互相擁抱著。【法解Itis/hasbeenconfirmed...已證……confirmonebelief/determination堅(jiān)定某人的信念決confirmsb.sth.使某人確信某事如：Ithasbeenconfirmedthatmeetingwillplacenextweek.已經(jīng)確定會(huì)議將于下個(gè)星期召開(kāi)。Hisguiltyexpressionconfirmedmysuspicions.他疚的表情證實(shí)了我的猜疑。Thenonedayhisworstfearswereconfirmed.后有一天，他最擔(dān)心的事終于發(fā)生了。Ithasconfirmeddecisionnottogiveupstudies.這我更加定了不要放棄學(xué)習(xí)的決心?！炯{展詞轉(zhuǎn)換：confirmationn.[U,C]證；確認(rèn)書(shū)，證明書(shū)【時(shí)固翻句子和單句語(yǔ)法填空當(dāng)問(wèn)及時(shí)，她確定未經(jīng)允許學(xué)生不應(yīng)該接湖邊。）5

Whenasked,sheconfirmedthatstudentsshouldn’tapproachthewithoutpermission.Hisconfirmedbeliefourcausewasvaluable.知識(shí)要點(diǎn)和occurvi.無(wú)動(dòng)或進(jìn)行時(shí)發(fā)生，出現(xiàn)；（想法、主意在某人腦海中）突然出現(xiàn)approachvt.&vi.（在距離或時(shí)間上）靠近，接近vt.處，解決(教材P)Itimmediatelyoccurredtothattheseweresignsofanapproachingtsunami.17她立刻意識(shí)到這是海嘯來(lái)臨的征兆?！痉ń鈕ccur-occurred-occurr-rring)的用法：occurs（意或想法等）浮現(xiàn)于某人腦海中

n.方，方法；道路Itoccurs/occurred...某人想……

that

that

如：Somethingunexpected發(fā)生了一件出乎意料的事。occursnaturallyinfruit.水天然含糖分。（in存在于，含有）Theideaoccurredin這個(gè)主意是他在夢(mèng)中想到的。ItoccurredtomeIthebooksentme.我到可以讓人把書(shū)寄給我。易混辨析vi.vi.breakvi.,takevi.(1)occur與happen均不及物動(dòng)詞，意思相近，表“碰巧；（偶然地）發(fā)，常含有偶然或突發(fā)的意味；occur還表示“（想法、主意在某人海中）突然出現(xiàn)”。者沒(méi)有被動(dòng)形式，但happen可于進(jìn)行時(shí)。(2)breakout為及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，多指戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、火、疾病或疫情突然爆”。(3)take為及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，意發(fā)生，舉行，指某事或某活動(dòng)按計(jì)劃發(fā)生或舉行，沒(méi)有偶然的意味。詞性轉(zhuǎn)換發(fā)，出現(xiàn)；發(fā)的事，事件【法解approachvt.&在距離或時(shí)間上）靠近，接近vt.處，解決

n.方，方法；道路常見(jiàn)搭配anapproach解決某問(wèn)題的方法；通往某地點(diǎn)的路徑如AsapproachedthelargestontheriverIcouldfeelmyheartbeating走，近Iapproachedtogreet我上前去，和他打招呼。Theauthorthinkssocietyshouldapproachcloningwithcaution.處（dealwith,handleTheytookareasonableapproach,conveyingtheirchildrensuccessschoolcouldimprovetheirlives.他采了一個(gè)更合理的方—向他們的孩子傳達(dá)在學(xué)校的成功能提高他們的生活質(zhì)量。詞性轉(zhuǎn)換approachingadj.即將到來(lái)的-coming）【時(shí)固單語(yǔ)法填空Aoccursme.Absorbinghimselfpainting,didn’tnoticeeveningAllapproachesthewere通宮殿的所有路都有軍隊(duì)守衛(wèi)。6

知識(shí)要點(diǎn)reliefn.輕松，寬慰；（焦慮、痛苦等的）減輕，消除(教材P)Tohergreatrelief,theofficerimmediatelyrealizedthecomingdanger.17令她極為欣慰的是，這名官員立即意識(shí)到了即將到來(lái)的危險(xiǎn)?！痉ń鈏n/withrelief欣地，放心地toone(great)relief令某人（深感）欣慰的是Itarelieftosth.做某事時(shí)間讓人欣輕的事。relieffrom/of……的減輕消如：asenserelief解脫感Webreathedsighofreliefwhenheleft.他了以后我們大家都如釋重負(fù)地松了口氣。Shesighedwithrelief.她了口氣。Thisbroughtconsiderablerelieffromthepain.這相當(dāng)大地緩解了疼痛?！炯{展詞轉(zhuǎn)換：（）vt.減輕，緩和；解除（職務(wù)）常見(jiàn)搭配relieveonepain/pressure減輕、緩和某人的痛壓relievesb.sth.減某人的負(fù)擔(dān)解除某人的職務(wù)如：newsecretarywillrelieveusofsomeofthepaperwork.新來(lái)的秘書(shū)會(huì)減輕我們文案工作的一些負(fù)擔(dān)。GeneralBealewasrelievedofhis比將軍被除了指揮權(quán)。（）relievedadj.感到欣慰的【時(shí)固單語(yǔ)法填空Muchtomyreliefthewasnotdamaged.officerinvolvedwasrelieved(relieve)ofhisdutiesbecausehehadviolatedstrictguidelines.知識(shí)要點(diǎn)0informvt.通知；了解，熟悉(教材P)Remembertoinformyourselfofwhatisgoingon.記要讓自己對(duì)正在發(fā)生的事了然于心。17【法解informsb.of/aboutsth.通某人某事informsb.that/wh-從句通某…informoneselfsth.使人了解熟某事如：informuschangesaddress.地若有變動(dòng)請(qǐng)隨時(shí)通知我們。Ibeenreliablyinformedthatthecouplewillmarrynextyear.我到可靠消息說(shuō)他們倆明年結(jié)婚?！炯{展詞轉(zhuǎn)換：（1informedadj.了情況的；見(jiàn)多識(shí)廣的常見(jiàn)搭配rmedof...使人解某事如：aninformedchoice/decision/guess/opinion有依據(jù)的選擇決定猜測(cè)看7

11Keepinformedofdevelopments.隨通知我進(jìn)展情況。（2informationun.信，消息；情【時(shí)固單語(yǔ)法填空Hewasinformedthathisapplicationwasrejected.Weneedtimeinformourselvesthoroughlyoftheproblem.Theyoftengetsome(inform)fromtheInternet.(教P)Themomentshakingstopped,MissBrownsenseditwasthebesttimefortheclasstomaketheirescape.地停止的瞬間，布朗女士意識(shí)到這是他們逃出教室的機(jī)會(huì)?！臼轿霰緸橹鲝膹?fù)合句，逗號(hào)為themoment引的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，逗號(hào)后為主句?！军c(diǎn)煉themoment/minute/second/instant從名詞短語(yǔ)themoment/minute/second/instant可用作連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，相當(dāng)于assoon，意一就…。：IrecognizedtheinstantIhim.我一眼就認(rèn)出他來(lái)?！練w拓】示一………”的其他表達(dá)：注意

nosooner...than與hardly/scarcely/barely結(jié)中的時(shí)態(tài)搭配主謂動(dòng)詞用去成，而than與when引導(dǎo)從要一過(guò)時(shí)此外，把nosooner或hardly/scarcely/barely置于首主要用分裝序如：Ihadhardlyhomewhenitto8

→Hardlygotwhenbegantorain.【時(shí)固單語(yǔ)法填空Wehadhardlysatdowntosupperwhenthephonerang.Hardlyhadthansheregretted(regret)itbitterly.Irememberedher(immediate)she'dgone.√試手-完成句盡她沒(méi)有示意，我還是確信她看見(jiàn)了我。though;giveno）Thoughshegavenosign,Isureshehadseenme.希他一到我就見(jiàn)到他。Iwanttoseehimthemomenthearrives.多幾件衣服，以備身上弄濕了好穿。Takesomeclothesincasegetwet/soaked.Ⅰ.單句法空．spokesmansaidthechangeswerenotinreactiontothecompany'srecentlosses.．girlwaskilledyesterdayinarashinvolvingastolencar.．didn'toccurtohertoaskforhelp.．glancedatJamesforconfirmation(confirm).．relievedtoyourjobsare．a(chǎn)greedsignal信號(hào)theylefttheroom.．usofpickpockets.．progressinreadingraisedcuriosity(curious),andtoknoweverything.．Hearingtheshocking(shock)news,everyonepresentwasintoapanic.9

II.用方內(nèi)給短的當(dāng)式成列子breakoutatlargeholdon

保住，守（有利因素；（過(guò)長(zhǎng)時(shí)地）；堅(jiān)持信念）themomentbeclearedof1．mustalsobeclearedofredundantdata.2．remainslargedespitethehighpricehisheadbytheauthorities.3．ThemomentIthemoneysendtheticket.4．Bringmapcaseget5．isdeterminedtoholdontoherfortune.6．HerfriendscamehelpthewarbrokeoutIII.完形空Yearsago,Iflew3,000milesacrossthecountrytotakeanewjobatanon-profitorganization.Thiswasverypromisingjob,orsoIthought.Beforethe36,thefounder創(chuàng)辦者theorganization37toeventuallypromote(升)meseniorleadershiprole,butintheendwasdeeply38hiredelsetothat39threeafterItookthenewjob.This40promisemeangryandconfusedbythe41Ihadmade.Howcouldthishappentome?Thepromiseofbeingonseniorleadershipteamwasthemain42behinddecisionto43theoffer.Asaresult,movedmyfamilyacrossthecountrycouldn’t44back.wasdifficulttimeforme.Whilemyheadsought尋求answersandmyheart45emotions,mywife,Elba,gavethebest46.Shesaid,“Stayfocused;stayfaithful.”47keepingattentiononathandandstayingfaithfultothetask.Itwasneasy,butthesewords48attitudeandactionsduringthattimetowardeverychallengeIhavefacedsince.Istayed49andfaithfulwonderfulopportunityopenedatanotherorganization.wefaceanunexpected50atwork,itcanseemmucheasiertoslackoff懈),getangry,blameothersorfoolishthings,butthese51canbecostlyandself(自毀的)52badwithbaddoesnaddtogood.canthrough53.Spiritualandpersonal54canbedrawnfromhardship艱難.ThelessonsIgainedduringthattimehelpedme55life’mised

B.promotionB.approved

C.interviewC.

D.D.arranged0

38.ved48.guided49.inspired50.schedule51.responses52.Linking53.talents54.achievements55.getinto

B.B.positionB.unexpectedB.offerB.reasonB.loseB.quietlyB.expressedB.adviceB.showedB.testedB.relaxedB.turnB.solutionsB.defendingB.imaginationsB.lessonsB.getthrough

C.disappointedC.spaceC.secretC.conclusionC.C.refuseC.fortunatelyC.hidC.C.C.recordedC.satisfiedC.successC.complaintsC.FightingC.exercisesC.giftsC.getacross

D.worriedD.organizationD.sincereD.decisionD.thoughtD.acceptD.suddenlyD.foughtD.praiseD.D.displayedD.focusedD.dangerD.challengesD.TrainingD.effortsD.lecturesD.getback【案3655DACBADBDADBCADBACDBB選閱ThisWaytoDreamlandDaydreamingmeanspeoplethinkaboutsomethingpleasant,especiallywhenthismakesthemforgetwhattheyshouldbedoing.Daydreamersabadreputationforbeingunawareofwhat’shappeningaroundthem.forgetfulandclumsy.__1__Theyannoyusbecausetheyseembeignoringusandmissingtheimportantthings.

Butdaydreamersarealsoresponsibleforsomethegreatestideasachievementsinhistory.Canyouimaginewhatkindofworldwewouldhavewithoutsuchideasandinventions?Soupbrilliantdaydreamsandavoidfallingtreerootsorotherwiselookinglikeafool?First,understandthatsome機(jī))fordaydreamingarebetterthanothers.Feelingsafeandrelaxedhelpyoutoslipintodaydreams.__3__ifwanttoimproveyourchancesofhavingacreativeideawhile’redaydreaming,trytoitwhileyouareinvolvedanothertask—preferablysomethingsimple,takingshowerorwalking,orevenmakingmeaninglessdrawings.’salsoimportanttoknowhowtoavoiddaydreamsforthosetimeswhenyoureallyneedtoconcentrate.“Mindfulnessbeingfocused,toolsomepeopleavoidfallingasleep.__4__Finally,neverwhatwonderfulmightstrikewhileyourmindhasmovedslowly__5Alwaysthatbestideasmightcomewhenyourisactuallytheclouds.A.HavinginterestingthingstothinkaboutalsohelpB.stareoffintospacewanderbythemselves.C.Withoutwanderingminds,wewouldn’trelatively,Cokeor-itnotes.D.time,daydreamingthoughttobeacauseofsomementalillnesses.E.involvesslow,steadybreathingfor-thathelpspeoplestaycalmattentive.F.Daydreamsareoftensimpledirect,quiteunlikedreams,behardunderstand.G.Therefore,itagoodanotebookorvoicerecordernearbywhenthedaydreamzone.【案BCEAGV.短填Peoplewithhighselfconfidence1.____________(natural)haveoptimisticandjoyfulemotionsaswellastheknowledgethattheytheiremotionsfromnegativetopositive.Emotions2.____________(be)partofTheyindicatehowyoufeelaboutasituationandanyneededaction.youhavehighselfrespectandselfconfidence,youfeelgood3.____________life.YoufeelsecureandhaveopenheartandcalmThe4.____________(high)levelofemotionalhealthis,themoreselfworthyouwillhave.Evenwhenthingsgowrong,you’recomposedrea