閱讀理解訓(xùn)練題38

閱讀理解訓(xùn)練題38AThereisnootherfive-year–oldlikehim.Hehasapotato-shapedhead,thickeyebrowsandavoicethatisnoteasilyforgotten.Heisnotevil,buttroublefollowshimwhereverhegoes.CrayonShinchanenjoysgreatpopularityinChinaHehasmanyfansinHongKong,Taiwanandonthemainland.Andheisoneofthehottestcartooncharactersinhishomecountry,Japan.But,thetrouble-maker’sshowwasrankedtheNo.1mostunwantedcartoonprogrambyJapan’sParents’AssociationonApril18.MorethanhalftheparentswhotookpartinthestudythoughtShinchanwasanegativerolemodelforchildren.Theybelievedhisactionsandspeechwereadultinnatureandnotsuitableforkids.ManyparentsandeducationexpertsinChinaagreewiththem.Shinchan,theysay,isreallyoffensive.Helooksoutforprettyladiesonthestreet;atthebookstorehereadsmagazinesfullofsexywomen;hepretendstobekidnappedbyhisteacherwhenheseesapolicecar;andheraiseshismum’sskirtandshoutsoutthecolorofherunderpantsifshedoesn’tbuyhimwhathewants.“CrayonShimchanisfullofdirtyhumor.Theboyshowssometerribleadultmentality(心態(tài)),whichdoesn’tmatchhisage,”saidPangLijuan,professoroftheEducationDepartmentatBeijingNormalUniversity.PangfurtherpointedoutthatShinchandestroysthetraditionalimageofapolite,hard-workingboy.Shefearsthatsometeensmaycopyhisbehaviorandharmtheirpsychologicaldevelopment.PangandmanyothersinChinathinkthatShinchanisacartoonforadults-----notforchildren.Butsomekidsdisagree.Jiangxin,asenior2studentinLuheMiddleSchoolinBeijing,becameafanofShinchanafterhefirstsawthecartoontwoyearsago.HesaiditisShinchan’shumor,courage,andclevernessthatmakeshimandhisfriendsloveandthelittlecartooncharacter.“Shinchanlooksattheadults’worldwithkid’seyes.Heuncoversthehypocrisy(虛偽)andselfishnessinachildishway,”explainedJiang.“Wewatchitjustforfun.”ButJiangalsoadmittedthatShinchanisnotgoodforallages.“Itmaynotbesuitableforprimaryschoolkids.Theymaytrytoblindlycopyhim.”Shinchan’s“father”,Japan’spopularcartoonist,YoshitoUshi,neverthoughtShinchanwouldcausesuchaheateddiscussion.HearguedthatShinchanisachildishcopyofJapan’smiddle-agedmen.Theboydoeseverythingadultswouldlike,butdon’tdaretodo.“Peoplecaneasilyforgivehimbecausehe’sonlyfiveyearsold,”saidYoshito.56.TeachersandparentsdislikesCrayonShinchanbecause_________.A.helooksveryuglyB.hecausedaheateddiscussionC.thecharacterwascreatedbyanadultcartoonistD.hewasregardedasanegativerolemodelforchildrentofollow57.ManychildrenarecrazyaboutShinchanmainlybecause________.A.helooksveryfunnyB.thecartooncharacterissuitableforallagesC.theythinkheishumorous,cleverandbraveD.heisachildishcopyofJapan’smiddle-agedmen58.Theunderlinedword“offensive”inParagraph5probablymeans_________.A.humorousB.ugly-lookingC.funnyD.unpleasantBLosAngeles--------Sayit’sMickeyMouse,sayit’sGoofy,but35yearsafterWaltDisney’sdeath,heishavingasuccessfulcareerasanadviser.Disney’squotesarenotaswidelyknownasthoseofBenjaminFranklinorWinstonChurchill,butWaltisincreasinglymentioned,especiallyinbusinessbooks,wheresuchDisneysayingsas“Ifyoucandreamit,youcandoit”arefastbecomingfavorites.Neverregardedinlifeasparticularlyclever,Waltisn’tknowntohavesaidanythingthat1singslikeChurchill’s“riddlewrappedinamysteryinsideanenigma(謎).”Buthowevercommonthephrasing,Walt’shumorandwisdomareoftenquotedbytoday’sbusinesswriters.Now,morethan200ofWalt’sbestsayingshavebeencollectedinthebook“TheQuotableWaltDisney.”Thelittlesquarebookisfilledwithcommonsensesayings.Animation,thethemeparksandmakingyourdreamscometruearefavoritesubjects.AndbecauseDisneywasfrequentlyaskedthesecretofhissuccess,itisnosurprisetoread,amongWalt’sexplanations:“Isupposemyformula(準(zhǔn)則，公式)mightbe:dream,diversify----andnevermissanangle.”BusinessconsultantBillCapodagliofIndianapolis,Indiana,isoneofseveralauthorswhoadvicetheirreaderstouseDisney’sprinciplesasamodelforhowtorunabusiness.Capodagliistheco-authorof“TheDisneyWay:HarnessingtheManagementSecretsofDisneyinYourCompany”and“TheDisneyWayFieldbook:HowtoimplementWaltDisney’sVisionofDream,Believe,DareandDoinyourOwnCompany”fromMcGraw-Hill.Onecriticdescribedthebookas“sousefulyoumaywhistlewhileyouwork”.ThosewhoactuallyknewWaltdon’trememberhimasbeingparticularlytalkativeorflattering,especiallyemployeeswhofelthisanger.Andwhilehelovedtohavecleverpeopleworkingforhim,hehadlittletolerance(寬容)fortheself-important.Ashesaid:“WheneverIdon’thavetheanswertosomething,Ifindsomeonewhodoes.”Manybusinessmenfoundtheirfavoritequoteas“Ionlyhopethatweneverlosesightofonething-----thatitwasallstartedbyamouse.”WhatcanbelearnedaboutWaltDisneyformthefirsttwoparagraphs?Heonceworkedasaverysuccessfuladviser.HewasnotfamousasBenjaminFranklinorWinstonChurchill.Hiswordsandsayingsareofgreathelptotoday’sbusinessmen.Heisbecomingincreasinglypopulararoundtheworldasacartoon-maker.WhichisNOTtrueaboutWaltDisney’ssayings?HissayingsarenotsocleverasWinstonChurchill’s.Morebusinesswritersarebeginningtoquotehissayingsintheirbooks.Hissayingsaremainlyaboutanimation,thethemeparksandmakingdreamscometrue.D.BillCapodaglimustthinkhighlyofWaltDisney’scommonsensesayings61.WhichwouldWaltDisneyprobablydisagreeabouthowtobesuccessful?A.Peoplehavetoworkhard.B.Peopleneedhaveadreamandplan.C.Peopleshouldlookatthingsfromdifferentsides.D.Everyoneshouldlearnfromhiscommonsensesayings.Whichcanbeinferredfromthelastthreeparagraphs?Thecriticmentionedinthepassagedidn’tthinkmuchofDisney’ssayings.PeoplearoundDisneyallfounditveryhardtogetalongwellwithhim.Cleverandself-importantemployeesweregreatlyvaluedbyWaltDisney.Thelastparagraphinfersthatsmallthingscanleadtogreatsuccesses.CTheconventional(依據(jù)傳統(tǒng)的)wisdomaboutwhat’sgoodforyouandwhat’sbadchangedovertheyears.Here’swhatexpertsnowsay:OfftheForbiddenListWhatWeUsedtoThinkEggsaresofullofcholesterol(膽固醇)theymightaswellbepoison.Stayaway.WhatDoctorsSayNowCholesterolinfooddoesn’tnecessarilyraiseblood-cholesterollevels.WhattoDoIfyou’vegotcholesterolproblemsavoideggs.Ifnot,theyarefineinmoderation.PasstheSaltWhatWeUsedtoThink2Itwillsendyourbloodpressuresky-high.Alwayschooselow-sodium(低鈉的)foods,anddon’ttouchthesaltjar.WhatDoctorsSayNowItisn’tnecessarilyso,unlessyou’vealreadysufferedfromhighbloodpressure.WhattoDoAlow-sodiumdietwon’thurtandmayhelp.Butdon’teatyourfill.CerealsandGrainsWhatWeUsedtoThinkFilling,buttheydon’thelptheheart.WhatDoctorsSayNowTheyreplacehigher-fatfoods,andwhenfortifiedbyvitaminsB,theyhelpscour(除去)potentiallyharmfulhomocysteinefromthebloodWhattoDoEatplenty,especiallythewhole-grainkind;theextrafibercouldhelpreducecoloncancer(結(jié)腸癌)RedWineWhatWeUsedtoThinkAlcohol(酒精)isbadforyou,noexceptionsWhatDoctorsSayNowAsubstancecalledresveratrol,foundingrapeskins,mayreducelevelsofbadcholesterol.WhattoDoAlcoholinexcess(過度)isstillbadforyou,butaglassofwinewithdinnerisprobablyfinefornon-alcoholics.63.Youarelikelytofindthepassagein________.A.People’sDailyB.amagazineC.astorybookD.ComputerDaily64.Ifyouhavehighbloodpressure,you________.A.shouldchooselow-sodiumfoodsB.shouldnoteatfoodswithanysodiumC.caneatanythingastheothersdoD.canchoosehigh-sodiumfoods65.Ifapersonhascholesterolproblems,________.A.hecaneatotherfoodbesideseggsB.heshouldkeepoffeggsC.hecannoteathigh-sodiumfoodsD.hecannotdrinkredwine66.Accordingtothepassage,weknow________.A.theextrafiberwillleadtocoloncancerB.alcoholinexcessisgoodforyourhealthC.eggsarebadforpeoplewithcholesterolproblemsD.thegreener,theworseDSincewearesocialbeings,thequalityofourlivesdependsinlargemeasureonourinterpersonalrelationships.Onestrengthofthehumanconditionisourtendencytogiveandreceivesupportfromoneanotherunderstressfulcircumstances.Socialsupportconsistsoftheexchangeofresourcesamongpeoplebasedontheirinterpersonalties.Thoseofuswithstrongsupportsystemsappearbetterabletocopewithmajorlifechangesanddailydifficulties.Peoplewithstrongsocialtieslivelongerandhavebetterhealththanthosewithoutsuchties.Studiesoverarangeofillnesses,fromdepressiontoheartdisease,revealthatthepresenceofsocialsupporthelpspeoplefendoff(擋開)illness,andtheabsenceofsuchsupportmakespoorhealthmorelikely.Socialsupportcushionsstressinanumberofways.First,friends,relatives,andco-workersmayletusknowthattheyvalueus.Ourself-respectisstrengthenedwhenwefeelacceptedbyothersdespiteourfaultsanddifficulties.Second,otherpeopleoftenprovideuswithinformationalsupport.Theyhelpustodefineandunderstandourproblemsandfindsolutionstothem.Third,wetypicallyfindsocialcompanionshipsupportive.Engaginginleisure-timeactivitieswithothershelpsustomeetoursocialneedswhileatthesametimedistracting(轉(zhuǎn)移...3注意力)usfromourworriesandtroubles.Finally,otherpeoplemaygiveusinstrumentalsupport,afinancialaid,materialresources,andneededservices--thatreducesstressbyhelpingusresolveandcopewithourproblems.Researchshowsthatpeople'sphysicalandmentalhealth_______.reliesonthesocialwelfaresystemswhichsupportthemhasmuchtodowiththeamountofsupporttheygetfromothersdependsontheirabilitytodealwithdailyworriesandtroublesiscloselyrelatedtotheirstrengthforcopingwithmajorchangesintheirlivesWhichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheword"cushions"(Line1,Para.3)?A.Addsupto.B.Doesawaywith.C.Lessenstheeffectof.D.Laysthefoundationfor.69.Helpingasickneighborwithsomerepairworkisanexampleof_______.A.instrumentalsupportB.informationalsupportC.socialcompanionshipD.thestrengtheningofself-respect70.Socialcompanionshipisbeneficialinthat_______.A.ithelpsstrengthenourtieswithrelativesB.itenablesustogetridofourfaultsandmistakesC.itmakesourleisure-timeactivitiesmoreenjoyableD.itdrawsourattentionawayfromourworriesandtroublesEBelieveitornot，opticalillusion(錯覺)cancuthighwaycrashes.Japanisacaseinpoint.Ithasreducedautomobilecrashesonsomeroadsbynearly75percentusingasimpleopticalillusion.Bentstripes，calledchevrons(人字形)paintedontheroadsmakedriversthinkthattheyaredrivingfasterthantheyreallyare，andthusdriversslowdown.NowtheAmericanAssociationFoundationforTrafficSafetyinWashingtonD.C.isplanningtorepeatJapan'ssuccess.Startingnextyear,thefoundationwillpaintchevronsandotherpatternsofstripesonselectedroadsaroundthecountrytotesthowwellthepatternsreducehighwaycrashes.Excessivespeedplaysamajorroleinasmuchasonefifthofallfataltrafficaccidents,accordingtothefoundation.Tohelpreducethoseaccidents，thefoundationwillconductitstestsinareaswherespeed-relatedhazardsarethegreatest-curves，exitslopes，trafficcircles，andbridges.Somestudiessuggestthatstraight，horizontalbarspaintedacrossroadscaninitiallycuttheaveragespeedofdriversinhalf.However，trafficoftenreturnstofullspeedwithinmonthsasdriversbecomeusedtoseeingthepaintedbar.Chevrons，scientistssay，notonlygivedriverstheimpressionthattheyaredrivingfasterthantheyreallyarebutalsomakea