冠詞備課筆記（素材）人教PEP版英語(yǔ)六年級(jí)下冊(cè)

備課筆記【目標(biāo)】冠詞專題【重難點(diǎn)】不定冠詞和零冠詞【?？伎键c(diǎn)】定冠詞，不定冠詞，零冠詞【題型分布】單選題，完成句子【知識(shí)導(dǎo)入】【知識(shí)點(diǎn)講解】Ⅰ. 冠詞的分類?冠詞分為不定冠詞a,an和定冠詞the。?不定冠詞a，an?★?a?，an均用在單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前，表示某類人和事物中的“一個(gè)”，相當(dāng)于漢語(yǔ)的 “一”，但不強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)目。?★?a用在輔音前，an用在元音音素前。?a?boy?，a?book?，?an?egg?，?an?apple?注意：?1〉u讀?/ju:/，首音/?j/是輔音，故前用a，不用an?a?useful?book?，a?university??2〉在umbrella中，u發(fā)/??/，/??/是元音音素，故為an?umbrella??3〉字母h若不發(fā)音，首音又是元音，前面用an而不用a，?如：an?hour??Ⅱ. 不定冠詞的用法用法例詞或例句指人或事物的某一種類。Ahorseisstillausefulanimal.泛指某人或某物，但不具體說(shuō)明何人或何物。Agirlcalledyoujustnow.表示泛指，指“同類中的某一個(gè)人或事物”Hismotherisafamousteacher.表示某種身份、地位、職業(yè)、國(guó)籍等，此時(shí)“a/an沒(méi)有“一”的概念，可不翻譯出”Areyouanengineeroradoctor?表示“一”這個(gè)數(shù)量，但數(shù)的概念沒(méi)one強(qiáng)烈。Thereisacomputeronthedesk.用于專有名詞前，表示具有某種性質(zhì)的人或物，或指某個(gè)不認(rèn)識(shí)的人、某個(gè)不確定的時(shí)間ManyyoungpeoplewanttobeaBillGates.用于某些固定的詞組中。?a?littleafewalotoftakeawalkhavealookhaveacoldinahurryⅢ. 定冠詞the的用法用法例詞或例句特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。The?book?on?the?desk?is?mine.指雙方都知道的人或事物。Shall?we?meet?at?the?bus?station?指上文提過(guò)的人或物?！?What?is?this??—?It?is?a?bag.The?bag?is?mine.用于單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前表示一類人或物Theplantisveryusefultohumans.用在世界上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物前。?The?sun?is?bigger?than?the?moon.用于姓氏復(fù)數(shù)前，表示一家人或夫婦。TheSmithsworkinChina.用于形容詞原級(jí)前表示一類人。Theyoungenjoyreadingbooks.用在序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級(jí)前。My?house?is?on?the?first?floor?of?the?building.Shanghai?isoneof?the?biggest?cities?of?China.在樂(lè)器名稱前。?Can?you?play?the?piano?習(xí)慣搭配：與時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)有關(guān)或者其他搭配on?the?leftintheeastintheafternooninthe1980sinthefrontofontheweekendallthesamewiththehelpofmakethebedbytheway固定句型the+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)動(dòng)詞+sb.+介詞+the+身體部位（Fatherhitmeonthehead）用于由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞前thePeople’sRepublicofChinatheUnitedKingdomTheBritishMuseumtheMiddleEasttheGreatWallⅣ.零冠詞的情況用法例詞或例句名詞前有this，that?，my，your，some，any，each，every等代詞時(shí)。This?is?my?hat.I?love?every?book.在星期，月份，季節(jié)，部分節(jié)日前。Today?is?Sunday.Spring?is?coming.?Thereare?thirty?days?in?June.?ChristmasDayisveryimportantinUSA.在球類、棋類運(yùn)動(dòng)、一日三餐的名稱前。Can?you?play?baseball?Do?you?play?tennis?What?did?you?have?for?supper??學(xué)科和語(yǔ)言前Englishandmatharemyfavouritesubjects.部分專有名詞前（表示人名、地名、國(guó)名、城市名、街道名、字首為Mount的山河大多數(shù)湖泊前）MountTaiClassThreeChina表示一個(gè)事物兼有兩個(gè)特征或者一個(gè)人兼有兩個(gè)職位ateacherandwriter用在某些固定詞組中。?At?home,on?time,at?night,after?classby+交通、通信方式（bybike,byemail）五、使用與不使用冠詞的差異1）介詞短語(yǔ)中使用冠詞和不使用冠詞的差異attable在進(jìn)餐atthetable在餐桌旁inhospital在住院inschool在上學(xué)inthehospital在醫(yī)院里intheschool在學(xué)校里infrontof在……的前面(外部）inthefrontof在……的前面（內(nèi)部）onearth究競(jìng)ontheearth在地球上inbed在睡覺(jué)inthebed在床上2）動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)中使用冠詞和不使用冠詞的差異takeplace發(fā)生taketheplaceof代替，取代gotobed上床睡覺(jué)gotothebed朝床邊走去gotochurch做禮拜gotothechurch去教堂8otosea出海gotothesea到海邊去gotoschool去上學(xué)gototheschool去學(xué)校1.板書(shū)設(shè)計(jì)2.講解思路，知識(shí)點(diǎn)銜接和考題分析（中考真題/學(xué)校單元卷）______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3.對(duì)知識(shí)點(diǎn)進(jìn)行梳理，總結(jié)歸納做題技巧和方法_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________