何凱文2018考研英語(yǔ)每日一句

2018考研英語(yǔ)每日一句今天的句子（第五句）：1.Equalityineducationisacrucialprerequisitetoequalityinwidersociety.詞匯突破：1.acrucialprerequisite重要前提參考譯文：教育公平是社會(huì)更大范圍內(nèi)公平的重要前提。2.Wideningparticipationcannotmeanteachingyoungpeoplehowtobehave“middleclass”.參考譯文：擴(kuò)大參與度并不意味著教會(huì)年輕人如何表現(xiàn)得像中產(chǎn)階級(jí)。3.Ifwecontinuetolinkintelligencetoassumptionsaboutthewaypeopledressorspeak,ortheculturalproductstheyapplytheirknowledgeto,wewillcontinuetodiscouragesomeofthebrightestyoungpeoplefromapplyingtothebestuniversities.主干識(shí)別：wewillcontinuetodiscouragesomeofthebrightestyoungpeoplefromapplyingtothebestuniversities.切分成分：Ifwecontinuetolinkintelligencetoassumptions/aboutthewaypeopledressorspeak,ortheculturalproductstheyapplytheirknowledgeto,狀語(yǔ)從句參考譯文：如果我們把個(gè)人的才學(xué)與他們穿著打扮和說(shuō)話的方式聯(lián)系起來(lái)，或者與他們的知識(shí)所應(yīng)用的文化產(chǎn)品相聯(lián)系起來(lái)的話，我們將繼續(xù)阻止那些最聰明的年輕人去申請(qǐng)最好的大學(xué)。第六句：EducationalprofessionalsbreaktheirbackstogetkidsintoOxfordandCambridge,buttheflipsideinanarealikethisisthatalotofthekidsdon’tnecessarilywanttogodownanacademicpathway.詞匯突破：1.breaktheirbacks：“非常辛苦地工作”2.flipside原來(lái)是指唱片的反面的。要是唱片的正面錄制了一首熱門(mén)的流行樂(lè)曲的話，唱片的反面往往會(huì)錄上一些聽(tīng)眾反應(yīng)平平的并不引起轟動(dòng)的樂(lè)曲。當(dāng)然作為習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)flipside不再指唱片的另一面了。例句：It'sfantasticthatthePresidenthasplannedtobalancethebudgetandgiveAmericansataxbreak.Buttheflipsideisthatstudentsjustcomingoutofcollegearegettingtheleasttaxbreakofall.總統(tǒng)已經(jīng)打算要平衡預(yù)算并且給予美國(guó)人稅額優(yōu)惠。但是剛從大學(xué)畢業(yè)的學(xué)生得到的稅額優(yōu)惠卻比誰(shuí)都少。這段話說(shuō)了總統(tǒng)減稅計(jì)劃的兩方面。一方面廣大美國(guó)人民都能享受有關(guān)優(yōu)惠，而另一方面，剛畢業(yè)的大學(xué)生從中得到的好處卻少于任何人。Theflipside在這里放在這兩種情況之間，顯然用來(lái)表示語(yǔ)氣的轉(zhuǎn)折，導(dǎo)出相對(duì)方面，作用相當(dāng)于ontheotherhand.主干識(shí)別：并列句一：EducationalprofessionalsbreaktheirbackstogetkidsintoOxfordandCambridge受過(guò)教育的職業(yè)人士非常辛苦地工作來(lái)讓他們的孩子進(jìn)入牛津或者劍橋。并列句二：buttheflipsideinanarealikethisisthatalotofthekidsdon’tnecessarilywanttogodownanacademicpathway.但是在像這樣的地區(qū)有很多孩子不一定想要走一條學(xué)術(shù)之路。2.Theywanttoseelocaljobsandvocationaltrainingrelevanttothisplaceandworthyofitsheritage.參考譯文：他們想要去（從事）（see）和這個(gè)地區(qū)相關(guān)的并且配得上其歷史傳承的當(dāng)?shù)氐墓ぷ骱吐殬I(yè)培訓(xùn)。第七句：Inthecurrentchaoticpoliticalclimate,wheretheunpredictabilityofpoliticshasbecometheonlypredictablething,thelargelyworking-classMidlandscityofStokeisplayinghosttoanideologicalbattleroyale.詞匯突破：1.battleroyale：混戰(zhàn)2010年日本有部著名的電影就叫這個(gè)名字。翻譯為中文是：大逃殺；2.unpredictability：不可預(yù)測(cè)性3.predictable：可預(yù)測(cè)的4.thelargelyworking-class：以工薪階層為主的5.Midland：midlands是指英格蘭一片區(qū)域，近似于我們說(shuō)的江南江北，有獨(dú)特的文化概念在里面。6.playhostto以東道主的身份招待，這里是一種修辭，實(shí)際就是ideologicalbattleroyale在這里發(fā)正的意思。7.ideological意識(shí)形態(tài)主干識(shí)別:thelargelyworking-classMidlandscityofStokeisplayinghosttoanideologicalbattleroyale.其他成分：1.Inthecurrentchaoticpoliticalclimate,狀語(yǔ)2.wheretheunpredictabilityofpoliticshasbecometheonlypredictablething定語(yǔ)從句（獨(dú)立成句）參考譯文：當(dāng)下的政治環(huán)境亂成一團(tuán)，政治的不可預(yù)見(jiàn)已經(jīng)成為唯一可預(yù)見(jiàn)的事。工人階級(jí)為主的中部城市斯托克正在進(jìn)行一場(chǎng)意識(shí)形態(tài)的大混戰(zhàn)。第八句：1.InApril2016,UberannouncedtheacquisitionofOtto,aSanFrancisco-basedstartupthathasdevelopedakitthatcanturnanybigrigintoaself-drivingtruck.詞匯突破：1.Startup初創(chuàng)企業(yè)2.kit工具包3.rig機(jī)械設(shè)備（這里指車(chē)輛）主干識(shí)別：UberannouncedtheacquisitionofOtto其他成分：aSanFrancisco-basedstartupthathasdevelopedakit/thatcanturnanybigrigintoaself-drivingtruck.同位語(yǔ)+定語(yǔ)從句參考譯文：2016年4月，優(yōu)步宣布收購(gòu)位于舊金山的新創(chuàng)企業(yè)Otto，這家公司發(fā)展了一種能將任何大型車(chē)轉(zhuǎn)換成自動(dòng)駕駛卡車(chē)的“工具包”。Otto的技術(shù)可在高速路上實(shí)現(xiàn)完全的自主：卡車(chē)能夠在完全沒(méi)有人工干預(yù)的條件下駕駛、沿道路行駛、根據(jù)交通狀況減速或停車(chē)。2.TheOttotechnologyenablescompleteautonomyonhighways:truckscannavigate,stayintheirlane,andsloworstopinresponsetotrafficconditionscompletelywithouthumanintervention.詞匯突破：1.autonomy自主2.navigate導(dǎo)航3.lane車(chē)道4.withouthumanintervention沒(méi)有人工干預(yù)參考譯文：Otto的技術(shù)可在高速路上實(shí)現(xiàn)完全的自主：卡車(chē)能夠在完全沒(méi)有人工干預(yù)的條件下導(dǎo)航、沿道路行駛、根據(jù)交通狀況減速或停車(chē)。There’sonlyoneproblem:truckdrivingisoneofthemostcommonoccupationsintheUS.參考譯文：只有一個(gè)問(wèn)題：卡車(chē)司機(jī)是美國(guó)最常見(jiàn)的職業(yè)之一。Oncereplacedbyautomation,wherewillthesejobsgo?參考譯文：一旦被自動(dòng)化取代，這些人將何去何從？第九句：1.Overthepastcoupleofdecades,however,downtownLosAngeleshasundergoneamajorrevival,thanksinparttotheintroductionoftheAdaptiveReuseOrdinancein1999.詞匯突破：1.thankto因?yàn)?.undergo經(jīng)歷3.theAdaptiveReuseOrdinance適應(yīng)性再利用法令主干識(shí)別:downtownLosAngeleshasundergoneamajorrevival參考譯文：然而在過(guò)去的幾十年里洛杉磯市中心經(jīng)歷了一次重大復(fù)興；這在一定程度上得益于1999年頒布的《適應(yīng)性再利用法令》。2.FirsttargetedatdowntownLosAngeles,andextendedtootherareasinthecityin2003,theordinancemadeiteasier,cheaperandfasterfor"olderandhistoric"commercialbuildingstobeconvertedintoloftsandapartments.詞匯突破：1.loft閣樓，躍層式建筑2.convert轉(zhuǎn)化主干分析：theordinancemadeiteasier,cheaperandfasterfor"olderandhistoric"commercialbuildingstobeconvertedintoloftsandapartments.切分成分：FirsttargetedatdowntownLosAngeles,andextendedtootherareasinthecityin2003,狀語(yǔ)獨(dú)立成句：theordinancewasfirsttargetedatdowntownLosAngeles,andwasextendedtootherareasinthecityin2003參考譯文：該法令最初針對(duì)洛杉磯市中心，后來(lái)在2003年擴(kuò)展至該市的其他區(qū)域；它使得改造具有歷史意義的老式商業(yè)樓宇（成為閣樓和住宅）更加容易，速度更快、成本也更低。3.Itresultedinthecreationofthousandsofhousingunitsindowntownandarushofpeoplemovingbacktothearea.詞匯突破：arushofpeople大量的人群參考譯文：結(jié)果是市中心出現(xiàn)成千上萬(wàn)的住宅單元，人們?nèi)绯彼慊氐竭@個(gè)區(qū)域。第十句：France’sfinancialprosecutorhasannouncedthataninvestigationintofakeworkallegationssurroundingthepresidentialcandidateFran?oisFillonwillremainopen,inanewblowtotheex-primeminister’scampaign.主干識(shí)別：France’sfinancialprosecutorhasannouncedthat切分成分：aninvestigationwillremainopen賓語(yǔ)從句主干intofakeworkallegationssurroundingthepresidentialcandidateFran?oisFillon定語(yǔ)inanewblowtotheex-primeminister’scampaign狀語(yǔ)參考譯文：在對(duì)前總理菲永競(jìng)選的一次新的打擊中，法國(guó)的金融檢察官將繼續(xù)針對(duì)其空餉門(mén)的指控進(jìn)行調(diào)查。第十一句：InarecentinterviewwithQuartz,Gatessaidthatarobottaxcouldfinancejobstakingcareofelderlypeopleorworkingwithkidsinschools,forwhichneedsareunmetandtowhichhumansareparticularlywellsuited.詞匯突破：1.Quartz：是一個(gè)服務(wù)全球商務(wù)人士的新聞網(wǎng)站。它沒(méi)有提供全方位的新聞服務(wù)，而是集中關(guān)注全球經(jīng)濟(jì)、商業(yè)和技術(shù)領(lǐng)域的大規(guī)模趨勢(shì)和變化。2.unmeet:沒(méi)有得到滿足3.wellsuited：適合4.finance：資助主干識(shí)別：Gatessaidthat+賓語(yǔ)從句其他成分：1.arobottaxcouldfinancejobs賓語(yǔ)從句主干2.takingcareofelderlypeopleorworkingwithkidsinschools定語(yǔ)3.forwhichneedsareunmetandtowhichhumansareparticularlywellsuited.定語(yǔ)從句（which=jobs）獨(dú)立成句:forwhichneedsareunmetandtowhichhumansareparticularlywellsuited.1）Needsforjobsareunmet對(duì)這類工作的需求還沒(méi)有得到滿足。（供不應(yīng)求）2）Humansareparticularlywellsuitedtojobs.參考譯文：蓋茨在近日接受Quartz采訪時(shí)說(shuō)，機(jī)器人稅可資助照料老人或在學(xué)校里與孩子一起的工作，這些工作崗位目前還供不應(yīng)求，而人類尤其適合這類工作。第十二句：EuropeanpoliticiansbelievethesituationisfurthercomplicatedbydomestichardlinepoliticalandmediapressureintheUK,whichtheyarguemakescompromisedifficultandreinforcesthefeelinginLondonthatthecountrywillsimplygetwhateveritwants.詞匯突破：1.hardline強(qiáng)硬態(tài)度2.compromise妥協(xié)3.reinforce加強(qiáng)4.simply用于強(qiáng)調(diào)語(yǔ)氣(usedtoemphasizewhatyouaresaying)，故在這里翻譯成“完全”，而非“簡(jiǎn)單地”。確定主干：Europeanpoliticiansbelieve切分成分：1.thesituationisfurthercomplicatedbydomestichardlinepoliticalandmediapressureintheUK賓語(yǔ)從句主句2.whichtheyarguemakescompromisedifficultandreinforcesthefeelinginLondon定語(yǔ)從句一3.thatthecountrywillsimplygetwhateveritwants同位語(yǔ)從句獨(dú)立成句：2.whichtheyarguemakescompromisedifficultandreinforcesthefeelinginLondon.Which=前面的整個(gè)句子，=this翻譯為“這”theyarguethismakescompromisedifficultandreinforcesthefeelinginLondon.3.thecountrywillsimplygetwhateveritwants補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明feeling參考譯文：歐洲政客認(rèn)為英國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)強(qiáng)硬的政治和媒體壓力進(jìn)一步令形勢(shì)復(fù)雜化，他們認(rèn)為這將使和解難于達(dá)成，并加強(qiáng)倫敦（英國(guó)）的一種感覺(jué)：以為自己想要什么就完全可以得到什么。第十三句：NobodydisputesthatthelossofmanufacturinghasleftabruisingmarkinpartsoftheU.S.,especiallyinplacesliketheRustBelt,wherelowerpayingserviceindustryjobsareincreasinglyreplacingmiddleclassfactorypositions.詞匯突破：1.Nobodydisputes沒(méi)有人會(huì)爭(zhēng)論=毫無(wú)爭(zhēng)議2.manufacturing制造業(yè)3.abruisingmark傷痕4.theRustBelt老工業(yè)區(qū)5.lowerpayingserviceindustry低收入的服務(wù)業(yè)6.middleclassfactorypositions工廠里的中產(chǎn)職位主干識(shí)別：Nobodydisputesthat其他成分：1.thelossofmanufacturinghasleftabruisingmarkinpartsoftheU.S.賓語(yǔ)從句主干2.especiallyinplacesliketheRustBelt狀語(yǔ)3.wherelowerpayingserviceindustryjobsareincreasinglyreplacingmiddleclassfactorypositions.參考譯文：毋庸置疑，制造業(yè)的虧損在美國(guó)的部分地區(qū)印上了傷痕，尤其是老工業(yè)區(qū)。在這些地區(qū)，工廠里的中產(chǎn)崗位越來(lái)越被低收入的服務(wù)業(yè)崗位所取代。第十四句：Eveninthemoremundanebusinessofday-to-dayresearch,scientistsareconstantlybuildingonpastwork,relyingonitssoliditytounderpintheirowntheories.詞匯突破：1.mundane單調(diào)的，平凡的2.solidity堅(jiān)固性，可靠性，固態(tài)3.underpin加強(qiáng)，鞏固主干識(shí)別：Scientistsareconstantlybuildingonpastwork其他成分:1.Eveninthemoremundanebusinessofday-to-dayresearch狀語(yǔ)2.relyingonitssoliditytounderpintheirowntheories狀語(yǔ)參考譯文：甚至在乏味的日常研究事務(wù)中，科學(xué)家都在不斷地?cái)U(kuò)展前人成果、依賴這些成果的堅(jiān)實(shí)有力來(lái)證實(shí)自己的理論。IfmisconductreallyisaswidespreadasHartgerinkandVanAssenthink,thenfalseresultsarestrewnacrossscientificliterature,likeunexplodedminesthatthreatenanynewstructurebuiltoverthem.詞匯突破：1.misconduct不當(dāng)行為，不端行為2.strewnacross:撒滿，布滿3.scientificliterature：科學(xué)文獻(xiàn)（literature：文學(xué)，文學(xué)作品）4.unexplodedmine沒(méi)有爆炸的地雷主干識(shí)別：falseresultsarestrewnacrossscientificliterature其他成分：1.IfmisconductreallyisaswidespreadasHartgerinkandVanAssenthink如果學(xué)術(shù)不端真的和Hartgerink和VanAssen認(rèn)為的一樣普遍，（狀語(yǔ)從句）2.likeunexplodedminesthatthreatenanynewstructurebuiltoverthem.狀語(yǔ)+定語(yǔ)從句參考譯文：如果學(xué)術(shù)不端真的和Hartgerink和VanAssen認(rèn)為的一樣普遍，那么虛假的成果就會(huì)散布在科學(xué)文獻(xiàn)中，像未爆破的地雷，危脅著任何建在其上的新的“建筑物”（科研成果）。第十五句：Thediscovery,whichhasthrilledastronomers,hasraisedhopesthatthehuntforalienlifebeyondthesolarsystemcouldstartmuchsoonerthanpreviouslythought,withthenextgenerationoftelescopesthatareduetoswitchoninthenextdecade.確定主干：Thediscoveryhasraisedhopesthat這個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)激起了一種希望其他成分+獨(dú)立成句：1.whichhasthrilledastronomers定語(yǔ)從句Thediscoveryhasthrilledastronomers.這個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)令天文學(xué)家激動(dòng)萬(wàn)分2.thehuntforalienlifebeyondthesolarsystemcouldstartmuchsoonerthanpreviouslythought同位語(yǔ)從句主句尋找太陽(yáng)系之外的外星生命比先前認(rèn)為的提早開(kāi)始3.withthenextgenerationoftelescopes/thatareduetoswitchoninthenextdecade.狀語(yǔ)+定語(yǔ)從句隨著新一代望遠(yuǎn)鏡在未來(lái)十年投入使用參考譯文：這個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)令天文學(xué)家激動(dòng)萬(wàn)分，同時(shí)也激起了一種希望：隨著新一代望遠(yuǎn)鏡在未來(lái)十年投入使用，尋找太陽(yáng)系之外的外星生命會(huì)比先前認(rèn)為的提早開(kāi)始。第十六句：Grandtradedeals,neververyhighongovernments’agendas,haveinrecentdecadesaimedmoreatlockinginexistingpracticethanatwinningimportantnewconcessions.詞匯突破：1.Concessions讓步2.Grandtradedeals大規(guī)模的貿(mào)易協(xié)定3.highongovernments’agendas政府議程的重點(diǎn)4.existingpractice現(xiàn)行慣例5.newconcessions新的讓步確定主干：GrandtradedealshaveaimedmoreatAthanatB.大規(guī)模的貿(mào)易協(xié)議更關(guān)注A不是BA=lockinginexistingpracticeB=winningimportantnewconcessions切分成分：neververyhighongovernments’agendas定語(yǔ)inrecentdecades狀語(yǔ)參考譯文：大規(guī)模的貿(mào)易協(xié)議從來(lái)不是政府議程的重點(diǎn)，近幾十年來(lái)它們更關(guān)注于鎖定現(xiàn)行慣例，而不是爭(zhēng)取重要的新讓步。TheTFAreflectscurtailedambition,afterplansforagreementsinareassuchasintellectualpropertyandtradeinserviceswereabandoned.詞匯突破：1.curtail限制，減縮，縮短Spendingonbookshasbeenseverelycurtailed.購(gòu)書(shū)的開(kāi)支已經(jīng)被大大削減2.curtailedambition被削減的雄心(壯志難酬)3.intellectualproperty知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)確定主干：TheTFAreflectscurtailedambition直接翻譯：TFA反映了縮減的雄心這樣肯定不通順，所以可以修改為：TFA正是壯志難酬的體現(xiàn)。切分成分：afterplansforagreementsinareassuchasintellectualpropertyandtradeinserviceswereabandoned.狀語(yǔ)從句Plansforagreementswereabandoned.狀語(yǔ)從句的主干inareassuchasintellectualpropertyandtradeinservices狀語(yǔ)從句中的定語(yǔ)參考譯文：在知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)和服務(wù)業(yè)貿(mào)易等領(lǐng)域的協(xié)議計(jì)劃被放棄之后，《貿(mào)易便利化協(xié)議》正是壯志難酬的體現(xiàn)。第十七句：Trafficisamajorcontributortoairpollutionandthereisgrowingconcernaboutemissionsfromdieselvehicles,whichcontributethroughtheproductionofparticulatematterandnitrogenoxides(NOx).詞匯突破：1.particulatematter顆粒物（PM2.5知道是什么了吧！）2.contributor來(lái)源3.emissions排放4.dieselvehicles柴油車(chē)5.nitrogenoxides(NOx)氮氧化物主干識(shí)別：Trafficisamajorcontributortoairpollution并列句一thereisgrowingconcern并列句二切分成分：whichcontributethroughtheproductionofparticulatematterandnitrogenoxides(NOx).定語(yǔ)從句which=dieselvehicles參考譯文：汽車(chē)尾氣（交通）是空氣污染的一個(gè)主要來(lái)源，而柴油車(chē)的尾氣排放越來(lái)越令人擔(dān)憂，因?yàn)樗鼈儺a(chǎn)生顆粒和氮氧化物等污染物。第十八句：Whileprioradministrationshaveoccasionallyheldbackgroundbriefingswithsmallergroupsofreporters,itishighlyunusualfortheWhiteHousetocherry-pickwhichmediaoutletscanparticipateinwhatwouldhaveotherwisebeenthepresssecretary’steleviseddailybriefing.詞匯突破：1.prioradministrations前任政府2.occasionally時(shí)不時(shí)地3.backgroundbriefings背景介紹會(huì)Briefing情況介紹會(huì)apressbriefing新聞發(fā)布會(huì)abriefingpaper文件4.cherry-pick精選，篩選5.mediaoutlet網(wǎng)絡(luò)媒體;媒介業(yè)務(wù);6.participate參與7.dailybriefing新聞簡(jiǎn)報(bào)8.televised電視轉(zhuǎn)播9.presssecretary新聞發(fā)言人確定主干：itishighlyunusualfortheWhiteHousetocherry-pickwhichmediaoutletscanparticipateinwhatwouldhaveotherwisebeenthepresssecretary’steleviseddailybriefing.特別注意對(duì)what的切分；What=something/thatitishighlyunusualfortheWhiteHousetocherry-pickwhichmediaoutletscanparticipateinsomething但挑選媒體參加這樣的事情極度罕見(jiàn)什么樣的事呢？thatwouldhaveotherwisebeenthepresssecretary’steleviseddailybriefing.原本應(yīng)由電視轉(zhuǎn)播的新聞發(fā)言人每日簡(jiǎn)報(bào)切分成分：Whileprioradministrationshaveoccasionallyheldbackgroundbriefingswithsmallergroupsofreporters,雖然前任政府均會(huì)不時(shí)地召開(kāi)針對(duì)少數(shù)媒體記者的背景吹風(fēng)會(huì)參考譯文：雖然前任政府均會(huì)不時(shí)地召開(kāi)針對(duì)少數(shù)媒體記者的背景吹風(fēng)會(huì)，但挑選媒體參加本來(lái)應(yīng)電視轉(zhuǎn)播的新聞發(fā)言人每日簡(jiǎn)報(bào)極度罕見(jiàn)。第十九句：Thehumiliatingfailureofasystemthatwassupposedtobefoolproof,checkedandcountercheckedrepeatedly,couldnothavebeenmorepublic–watchedbyHollywoodstarsandmillionsofpeopleacrosstheworldontelevision.詞匯突破：1.foolproof不會(huì)錯(cuò)的，萬(wàn)無(wú)一失的2.humiliating令人丟臉的主干識(shí)別：Thehumiliatingfailureofasystemcouldnothavebeenmorepublic這樣令人丟臉的失誤簡(jiǎn)直不能再公開(kāi)了。也就是說(shuō)：這個(gè)丑出的不能再大了切分成分：thatwassupposedtobefoolproof,checkedandcountercheckedrepeatedly,定語(yǔ)從句Asystemwassupposedtobefoolproof,checkedandcountercheckedrepeatedly這本應(yīng)該是一個(gè)萬(wàn)無(wú)一失，反復(fù)查驗(yàn)的系統(tǒng)。watchedbyHollywoodstarsandmillionsofpeopleacrosstheworldontelevision.定語(yǔ)ThehumiliatingfailureiswatchedbyHollywoodstarsandmillionsofpeopleacrosstheworldontelevision參考譯文：這本應(yīng)該是一個(gè)萬(wàn)無(wú)一失，反復(fù)查驗(yàn)的系統(tǒng)，但現(xiàn)在卻在好萊塢明星和全世界數(shù)以百萬(wàn)計(jì)的電視觀眾面前出現(xiàn)了令人丟臉的錯(cuò)誤，而且這個(gè)丑出的不能再大了。第二十句：Whilethecreatorshopethesystem,whichscorescommentsbasedontheirperceived“toxicity,”couldhelptransformonlinecommunitiesintospaceswithmoregenuineengagementandinformation,andfewerinsults,criticshavecalledsimilarmovesrestrictionsontheirfreedomofspeech.詞匯突破：1.Perceived感知的2.genuineengagement真實(shí)的交流=trulyengagewithotherpeople3.freedomofspeech言論自由4.insult攻擊，謾罵主干識(shí)別：criticshavecalledsimilarmovesrestrictionsontheirfreedomofspeech.批評(píng)者稱類似的做法是對(duì)他們言論自由的限制切分成分+獨(dú)立成句：1.Whilethecreatorshopethesystemcouldhelptransformonlinecommunitiesintospaceswithmoregenuineengagementandinformation,andfewerinsults狀語(yǔ)從句雖然開(kāi)發(fā)者希望這個(gè)系統(tǒng)能將網(wǎng)絡(luò)社區(qū)改造為有更多真實(shí)交流，有更多真實(shí)信息，更少攻擊和謾罵的地方。2.whichscorescommentsbasedontheirperceived“toxicity,”定語(yǔ)從句Which=thesystemThesystemscorescommentsbasedontheirperceived“toxicity,”這個(gè)系統(tǒng)能根據(jù)感知“毒性”給評(píng)論打分參考譯文：這個(gè)系統(tǒng)能根據(jù)感知“毒性”給評(píng)論打分，雖然開(kāi)發(fā)者希望這個(gè)系統(tǒng)能將網(wǎng)絡(luò)社區(qū)改造為有更多真實(shí)交流，有更多真實(shí)信息，更少攻擊和謾罵的地方。批評(píng)者稱類似的做法是對(duì)他們言論自由的限制。第二十一句：Elsewhereinthelandofmonetarybits,thingsmovemoreslowlybuttroubleisbrewing:apotentialpatentwarloomsovertheblockchain,adistributedledgerthatauthenticatesandrecordseverybitcointransaction.詞匯突破：1.monetarybits數(shù)字貨幣2.brewing醞釀產(chǎn)生3.authenticate記錄4.ledger分類賬5.distributed分布式（這兩個(gè)單詞不用記。）6.loom即將到來(lái)loomingdanger=possibledanger主干識(shí)別：thingsmovemoreslowlybuttroubleisbrewing變化沒(méi)那么劇烈，但問(wèn)題正在醞釀切分成分：1.Elsewhereinthelandofmonetarybits狀語(yǔ)在數(shù)字貨幣的其他領(lǐng)域，2.adistributedledgerthatauthenticatesandrecordseverybitcointransaction同位語(yǔ)補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明blockchain3.apotentialpatentwarloomsovertheblockchain用:引導(dǎo)的從句。參考譯文：在數(shù)字貨幣的其他領(lǐng)域，變化沒(méi)那么劇烈，但問(wèn)題正在醞釀：一場(chǎng)針對(duì)區(qū)塊鏈（一種分布式分類賬，用以認(rèn)證并記錄每一次比特幣交易）的專利戰(zhàn)即將來(lái)臨。第二十二句：Reasondevelopednottoenableustosolveabstract,logicalproblemsoreventohelpusdrawconclusionsfromunfamiliardata;rather,itdevelopedtoresolvetheproblemsposedbylivingincollaborativegroups.詞匯突破：1.Abstract抽象的2.Logical邏輯的3.Conclusion結(jié)論4.Resolve解決5.Collaborative合作的；協(xié)作的6.Not…rather…不是……而是……7.reason理性8.unfamiliardata不熟悉的數(shù)據(jù)主干識(shí)別：Reasondeveloped并列句主干一itdeveloped并列句主干二切分成分:1.nottoenableustosolveabstract,logicalproblemsoreventohelpusdrawconclusionsfromunfamiliardata狀語(yǔ)一2.toresolvetheproblemsposedbylivingincollaborativegroups.狀語(yǔ)二參考譯文：理性的發(fā)展并不是為了使我們能解決抽象的邏輯問(wèn)題，甚至也不是為了幫助我們從陌生的數(shù)據(jù)中得出結(jié)論，而是為了化解互相協(xié)作的集體生活中出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題。第二十三句：Ms.LePen’sprospectsintheFrenchpollsthisspringwilldependsignificantlyonherabilitytowoowomen,justasthesuccessoffar-rightpartiesontheContinentmorebroadlywillrestontheirabilitytobridgethegendergap.詞匯突破：1.Prospects:前景2.Woo:追求3.Far-rightparty:極右翼政黨4.Dependon/reston：基于；取決于5.Bridgethegendergap：縮小性別差距6.theFrenchpolls法國(guó)大選7.theContinent歐洲大陸確定主干：Ms.LePen’sprospectsintheFrenchpollsthisspringwilldependsignificantlyonherabilitytowoowomen瑪麗娜?勒龐在今春法國(guó)大選中的勝算將極大程度上取決于她爭(zhēng)取女性選民的能力切分成分：justasthesuccessoffar-rightpartiesontheContinentmorebroadlywillrestontheirabilitytobridgethegendergap.狀語(yǔ)從句（as翻譯為就如）正如歐洲大陸極右翼政黨是否成功將總體上基于它們縮小性別差異的能力參考譯文：瑪麗娜?勒龐在今春法國(guó)大選中的勝算將極大程度上取決于她爭(zhēng)取女性選民的能力，正如歐洲大陸極右翼政黨是否成功將總體上基于它們縮小性別差異的能力。第二十四句：Possibleoptionsincludemakingitstandardforconsumerstohavetotickaboxconfirmingtheyhavereadandunderstoodanysmallprint,andinvestigatingwhichtermsmostcommonlyconfusepeople.詞匯突破：1.Possibleoptions/solutionsinclude：可能的選擇包括……。這個(gè)句型在寫(xiě)作時(shí)非常好用。2.Tickabox：勾選選項(xiàng)框3.Confirm：確認(rèn)4.Smallprint：合同細(xì)節(jié)5.Confuse：（動(dòng)詞）使困惑主干識(shí)別：Possibleoptionsincludemaking…andinvestigating…切分成分：賓語(yǔ)包括兩個(gè)并列的動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)：1.makingitstandardforconsumerstohavetotickaboxconfirmingtheyhavereadandunderstoodanysmallprint這里的it是形式賓語(yǔ)=tohavetotickaboxconfirmingtheyhavereadandunderstoodanysmallprint讓消費(fèi)者勾選選項(xiàng)框，確定他們已經(jīng)閱讀并理解任何細(xì)小合同細(xì)節(jié)，并使其成為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)步驟2.investigatingwhichtermsmostcommonlyconfusepeople.調(diào)查哪些條款最常令人困惑參考譯文：可能的選擇包括：1.讓消費(fèi)者勾選選項(xiàng)框，確定他們已經(jīng)閱讀并理解任何細(xì)小合同細(xì)節(jié)，并使其成為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)步驟。2.調(diào)查哪些條款最常令人困惑。第二十五句：Oncehailed“Britain’sfastestbillionaire”,hisimagebegantounravelnearlytwoyearsagowhenhesoldBHSfor1poundtoDominicChappell’sRetailAcquisitions,settingoffatrainofeventsthatresultedinthecollapseofaretailerthatfirstopeneditsdoorsinBrixtonin1927.詞匯突破：1.Hail稱為（有致敬之意）；2.Unravel解開(kāi)；拆散；3.Acquisition收購(gòu)；4.Setoff引發(fā)；5.Atrainof一連串主干識(shí)別：hisimagebegantounravel自此，他的形象開(kāi)始瓦解切分成分+獨(dú)立成句：1.Oncehailed“Britain’sfastestbillionaire”狀語(yǔ)Oncehewashailed“Britain’sfastestbillionaire”他曾被稱為“英國(guó)最速成的億萬(wàn)富翁”2.whenhesoldBHSfor1poundtoDominicChappell’sRetailAcquisitions狀語(yǔ)。兩年前他以1英鎊價(jià)格將英國(guó)百貨公司轉(zhuǎn)讓給多米尼克?查普爾3.settingoffatrainofevents/thatresultedinthecollapseofaretailerthatfirstopeneditsdoorsinBrixtonin1927引發(fā)一連串事件4.thatresultedinthecollapseofaretailerthatfirstopeneditsdoorsinBrixtonin1927(定語(yǔ)從句)。令這家1927年在布里克斯頓區(qū)開(kāi)業(yè)的零售公司崩潰，給大家介紹一下：這里的he就是菲利普?格林參考譯文：菲利普?格林曾被稱為“英國(guó)最速成的億萬(wàn)富翁”。兩年前他以1英鎊價(jià)格將英國(guó)百貨公司轉(zhuǎn)讓給多米尼克?查普爾，引發(fā)一連串事件，令這家1927年在布里克斯頓區(qū)開(kāi)業(yè)的零售公司崩潰，自此，他的形象開(kāi)始瓦解。第二十六句：Onewayoranother,farmsarelikelytohavetokeepgettingmoreefficientwiththeirwaterresources,asrisingurbanpopulationsintersectwithclimatechangethat,scientistssay,ismakingdroughtyearsmorecommoninthisregion.詞匯突破：1.Onewayoranother不管怎樣2.Efficient高效的3.Intersectwith與……交織=and=combinedwith4.Droughtyear旱年5.risingurbanpopulations城市人口增長(zhǎng)6.climatechange氣候變化主干識(shí)別：farmsarelikelytohavetokeepgettingmoreefficientwiththeirwaterresources切分成分+獨(dú)立成句：asrisingurbanpopulationsintersectwithclimatechangethat,scientistssay,ismakingdroughtyearsmorecommoninthisregion.狀語(yǔ)從句表示原因結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)化：AintersectwithBismakingCmorecommonA和B使得C更加普遍；A=risingurbanpopulationsB=climatechange；C=droughtyears參考譯文：不管怎樣，城市人口增長(zhǎng)以及氣候變化會(huì)使這個(gè)地區(qū)的旱年更常見(jiàn)（科學(xué)家認(rèn)為），所以農(nóng)場(chǎng)有可能越來(lái)越有效率地利用水資源了。第二十七句：ThestateofArkansasplanstoputtodeatheightinmatesoveraspanof10daysnextmonth,apaceofexecutionsunequaledinrecentAmericanhistoryandbroughtaboutbyaloomingexpirationdateforadrugusedbythestateforlethalinjections.詞匯突破：1.Puttodeathsb處死某人（這個(gè)順序是對(duì)了的，只是你不習(xí)慣而已）；2.Aspanof一段期限；3.Unequaled無(wú)與倫比的；4.Execution行刑；5.Broughtaboutby由……帶來(lái)的（即起因）；6.Looming隱隱約約的；正在逼近的；7.Expirationdate到期日；8.Lethal致命的；9.Injection注射；10.inmate囚犯主干識(shí)別:ThestateofArkansasplanstoputtodeatheightinmates切分成分+獨(dú)立成句：1.overaspanof10daysnextmonth狀語(yǔ)2.apaceofexecutions同位語(yǔ)Thisisapaceofexecutions（這個(gè)部分就是起個(gè)鏈接作用在翻譯的時(shí)候不用體現(xiàn)）3.unequaledinrecentAmericanhistoryandbroughtaboutbyaloomingexpirationdateforadrugusedbythestateforlethalinjections.定語(yǔ)獨(dú)立成句為：（1）ThispaceofexecutionsisunequaledinrecentAmericanhistory（2）Thispaceofexecutionsisbroughtaboutbyaloomingexpirationdateforadrugusedbythestateforlethalinjections參考譯文:阿肯色州計(jì)劃在下個(gè)月10天內(nèi)處死8名囚犯，這個(gè)行刑速度在最近美國(guó)的歷史上是沒(méi)有前例的，起因是該州用于死刑的注射藥物即將過(guò)期。（翻譯的時(shí)候名詞轉(zhuǎn)譯為動(dòng)詞）第二十八句：Butanothercuratedenvironment,inwhichcourseshavebeendesigned,expertsselected,andcurriculumcreatedsoyoungadultsdon’thavetodothehardworkthemselves—isunlikelyto“make”adults.詞匯突破：1.Curate:當(dāng)(博物館、美術(shù)館、圖書(shū)館)館長(zhǎng)；這里引申為精心營(yíng)造的意思Curated精心營(yíng)造的2.Curriculum：大綱3.Dothehardwork：努力（工作）主干識(shí)別:Anothercuratedenvironmentisunlikelyto“make”adults.（注意：But和And不影響尋找主語(yǔ)。）其他成分：inwhichcourseshavebeendesigned,expertsselected,andcurriculumcreatedsoyoungadultsdon’thavetodothehardworkthemselves參考譯文：但是，在一個(gè)精心營(yíng)造的環(huán)境中，課程已經(jīng)被設(shè)計(jì)好，專家被選好，大綱也被編寫(xiě)好以致年輕人都不用自己努力。這樣的環(huán)境是不太可能“制造”成年人。第二十九句：VirginialawmakerswereconcernedaboutPETA’sextraordinarilyhighrateofeuthanasiaandevensetouttoredefinethetermanimalsheltertorefertoaplacewhoseprimarymissionistofindapermanenthomeforpets.詞匯突破:1.extraordinarily極度，非常2.euthanasia安樂(lè)死3.permanent永久的4.primarymission首要任務(wù)5.setouttodosth準(zhǔn)備做某事，著手做某事6.animalshelter動(dòng)物收容所7.PETA（PeoplefortheEthicalTreatmentofAnimals）善待動(dòng)物組織8.beconcernedabout關(guān)注于…9.thetermanimalshelter=thetermofanimalshelter（因?yàn)榻裉斓木渥邮莵?lái)自foxnews的句子，所以在這里用法會(huì)比較隨性，不是嚴(yán)格符合語(yǔ)法規(guī)范。）Term說(shuō)法主干識(shí)別：VirginialawmakerswereconcernedaboutPETA’sextraordinarilyhighrateofeuthanasiaandevensetouttoredefinethetermofanimalshelter其他成分：torefertoaplace/whoseprimarymissionistofindapermanenthomeforpets.(定語(yǔ)從句)（其主要使命是為寵物尋找長(zhǎng)期居所的地方。）(Redefinethetermofanimalsheltertorefertoaplace重新定義“動(dòng)物收容所”為這樣的地方)參考譯文：弗吉尼亞的立法者對(duì)PETA極高的（動(dòng)物）安樂(lè)死比率表示關(guān)切，甚至開(kāi)始著手重新定義“動(dòng)物收容所”為這樣的地方：其主要使命是為寵物尋找長(zhǎng)期居所的地方。（翻譯的時(shí)候redefine和term語(yǔ)義重復(fù)，所以term(說(shuō)法，條款)就不用翻譯了。）第三十句：Workingfromhomewhenchildrenareatlargecanbeperilous—thatvitalcallinterruptedbyascreamingbaby,atoddlerscatteringcrucialdocuments,theteenagerpumpingupthevolumeasadeadlinelooms.詞匯突破：1.Atlarge不受限制，自由自在；2.Vital/crucial重要的；3.perilous驚險(xiǎn)的，危險(xiǎn)的=hazardous危險(xiǎn)的；4.Toddler瞞珊學(xué)步的孩子；5.Scatter散布；6.Pumpupthevolume調(diào)高音量；7.Deadline截止日期；8.Loom逼近主干識(shí)別：Workingfromhomecanbeperilous切分成分：1.whenchildrenareatlarge狀語(yǔ)從句連續(xù)三個(gè)名詞結(jié)構(gòu)（同位語(yǔ)）補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明主句，加上that表示強(qiáng)調(diào)沒(méi)實(shí)際意義。這樣的用法在報(bào)刊英語(yǔ)中很常見(jiàn)，在真題中也很常見(jiàn)2.thatvitalcallinterruptedbyascreamingbaby,重要的通話被尖叫的嬰兒打斷3.atoddlerscatteringcrucialdocuments,瞞珊學(xué)步的孩子弄亂緊要的文件，4.theteenagerpumpingupthevolume/asadeadlinelooms.截稿日就在眼前青春期的孩子卻調(diào)高了音量參考譯文：身邊有無(wú)拘無(wú)束的孩子時(shí)，在家辦公可能是一種驚險(xiǎn)的體驗(yàn)：重要的通話被尖叫的嬰兒打斷，瞞珊學(xué)步的孩子弄亂緊要的文件，截稿日就在眼前青春期的孩子卻調(diào)高了音量。第三十一句：ThesewildlydivergentviewsandsituationshaveallowedpopuliststodriveawedgeintotheheartoftheE.U.,claimingtorepresentordinarypeopleagainstaliberalBrusselseliteintrudingoneverythingfromresettlingrefugeestodictatingthecurvinessofimportedbananas.詞匯突破：1.Divergent迥異的；不同的；2.Populist民粹派；3.Wedge楔狀物（1）DriveawedgebetweenAandB:挑撥A和B的關(guān)系，造成A和B的分裂；（2）Driveawedgeintosth：造成sth的分裂；4.Liberal自由派；5.Elite精英；6.Intrudeon介入；干涉；7.Resettle安置；8.Dictate命令；9.Curviness曲線確定主干：ThesewildlydivergentviewsandsituationshaveallowedpopuliststodriveawedgeintotheheartoftheE.U.切分成分+獨(dú)立成句：下面兩個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)關(guān)鍵在于確定claiming和intruding的動(dòng)作發(fā)出者是誰(shuí)！1.claimingtorepresentordinarypeopleagainstaliberalBrusselselite=PopulistsclaimtorepresentordinarypeopleagainstaliberalBrusselsrudingoneverythingfromresettlingrefugeestodictatingthecurvinessofimportedbananas.=Brusselseliteintrudeoneverythingfromresettlingrefugeestodictatingthecurvinessofimportedbananas參考譯文：這些極為迥異的觀點(diǎn)和形勢(shì)使民粹主義者們把歐洲的心臟地帶搞的四分五裂，他們自稱是普通民眾的代表，反對(duì)那些布魯塞爾自由派精英，這些精英在所有事務(wù)上（從移民安置到進(jìn)口香蕉的形狀）都橫加干涉。第三十二句：Aquesttakenupbyfarmersandindependentrepairshopstogaintherightstoservicemanuals,diagnostictoolsandpartsforhigh-techequipmenthasstalledinNebraska,afterlawmakers,underpressurefromcorporationssuchasApple,shelvedit.詞匯突破：1.Quest要求，需求；2.Repairshop維修店；3.Servicemanual服務(wù)手冊(cè)；4.Diagnostictools診斷工具；5.Stall受阻；擱淺；6.Shelve擱置確定主干：Aquesthasstalled（inNebraska）切分成分+獨(dú)立成句：1.takenupbyfarmersandindependentrepairshopstogaintherightstoservicemanuals,diagnostictoolsandpartsforhigh-techequipment定語(yǔ)=Thisquestistakenupbyfarmersandindependentrepairshopstogaintherightstoservicemanuals,diagnostictoolsandpartsforhigh-techequipment2.afterlawmakersshelvedit.狀語(yǔ)從句3.underpressurefromcorporationssuchasApple狀語(yǔ)參考譯文：農(nóng)場(chǎng)主和獨(dú)立維修店尋求獲取服務(wù)手冊(cè)、診斷工具和高科技設(shè)備的備件的權(quán)利，但這個(gè)要求在內(nèi)布拉斯加州卻遭遇阻滯，因?yàn)榱⒎ㄕ咴冢▉?lái)自包括蘋(píng)果在內(nèi)的）一些企業(yè)的壓力之下擱置了這個(gè)請(qǐng)求。第三十三句：TheabilityoftheEPAtoverifyautomakers'compliancewithemissionsstandardsremainsamajorconcernmorethanayearafterthediscoverythatVolkswagenusedillegal"defeatdevice"softwaretocheatonthosetestswithdieselcars.詞匯突破：1.Verify查證；2.Emissionstandards排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；3.Majorconcern重大關(guān)切；4.EPA（EnvironmentalProtectionAgency）美國(guó)環(huán)保署；5.Defeatdevice失效裝置；6.Dieselcar柴油動(dòng)力車(chē)；7.compliance遵守，合規(guī)確定主干：Theabilityremainsamajorconcern.切分成分+獨(dú)立成句：1.oftheEPAtoverifyautomakers'compliancewithemissionsstandards；（ability的定語(yǔ)）美國(guó)環(huán)境保護(hù)署核查汽車(chē)廠商排放（是否）合規(guī)的能力2.morethanayearafterthediscoverythatVolkswagenusedillegal"defeatdevice"softwaretocheatonthosetestswithdieselcars.狀語(yǔ)（在翻譯的時(shí)候可以把discovery翻譯為動(dòng)詞，這樣就可以獨(dú)立成句。）大眾使用非法的“失效裝置”軟件在柴油車(chē)檢測(cè)中作弊一事被揭露已逾一年參考譯文：大眾使用非法的“失效裝置”軟件在柴油車(chē)檢測(cè)中作弊一事被揭露已逾一年，美國(guó)環(huán)境保護(hù)署核查汽車(chē)廠商排放是否合規(guī)的能力仍受到各界的重大關(guān)注。第三十四句：Byremovingtheincentiveforyoungerpeopletopurchaseinsurance,aswellassomeoftheirabilitytodosowithsmallertaxcredits,RepublicansabandontheDemocraticidealofcoveringallAmericans.詞匯突破:1.Remove移除；2.Incentive刺激(措施)；鼓勵(lì)（措施）；3.Insurance保險(xiǎn)；4.Taxcredit稅收抵免（這是一個(gè)比較專業(yè)的術(shù)語(yǔ)）如果你買(mǎi)了社保，你就可以少交稅。smallertaxcredits減少稅收抵免，比如之前你買(mǎi)了社保，可以少交3000元的稅，現(xiàn)在你只能少交1500的稅。（是不是感覺(jué)自己更有文化了。）5.Abandon拋棄（你是不是很熟悉?。。┐_定主干：RepublicansabandontheDemocraticidealofcovering（支付）allAmericans共和黨人拋棄了民主黨人為所有美國(guó)人支付醫(yī)療費(fèi)用的理想。切分成分+獨(dú)立成句：（找出removing的動(dòng)作發(fā)出者就好?。〣yremovingtheincentiveforyoungerpeopletopurchaseinsurance,aswellassomeoftheirabilitytodosowithsmallertaxcreditsremovetheincentive....aswellastheability....Todoso=topurchasetheinsurance共和黨人刪除了鼓勵(lì)年輕人購(gòu)買(mǎi)保險(xiǎn)的措施，并通過(guò)減少稅收抵免來(lái)削弱了其中一些人支付保險(xiǎn)的能力參考譯文：共和黨人刪掉了鼓勵(lì)年輕人購(gòu)買(mǎi)保險(xiǎn)的措施，并通過(guò)減少稅收抵免來(lái)削弱了其中一些人支付保險(xiǎn)的能力，這樣就拋棄了民主黨人為所有美國(guó)人支付醫(yī)療費(fèi)用的理