2020春 人教版八年級(jí)英語下冊(cè)Unit2 Section A Grammar Focus 4a-4b（共21張PPT）

Unit2I’llhelptocleanupthecityparks.SectionAGrammarFocus4a-4bcleanupcheerupgiveoutvolunteercomeupwithputoffsignnoticehandoutcallupusedtolonely打掃干凈高興起來散發(fā)v.

義務(wù)做；自愿做想出來推遲n.

標(biāo)志；信號(hào)n.

通知；通告；注意分發(fā)征召曾經(jīng)……；過去……adj.孤獨(dú)的careforseveralstrongfeelingsatisfaction:joyownerjourneyraisealone

repair照顧pron.幾個(gè)；數(shù)個(gè)adj.強(qiáng)烈的；強(qiáng)壯的n.感覺n.

滿足；滿意n.高興；愉快n.物主；主人n.(尤指長(zhǎng)途)旅行v.

募集；征集adv.

獨(dú)自；單獨(dú)v.

修理；修補(bǔ)

tryoutfix

fixupgiveawaytakeafterbrokenwheel參與…的選拔v.修理；安裝v.修理；裝飾贈(zèng)送；捐贈(zèng)(外貌或行為)像adj.

破損的；殘缺的n.車輪；輪子

I’dliketohelphomelesspeople.Shedecidedtotryoutforavolunteerafter-schoolreadingprogram.Youcouldaskhospitalstoletyouvisitthekidsandcheerthemup.GrammarFocusMariobelievesitcanhelphimtogethisfuturedreamjob.Shevolunteersthereonceaweektohelpkidsleantoread.I’mmakingsomesignstoputuparoundtheschool.4aFinishtheblankswiththephrasalverbsinthebox.putuphandoutcallupcheerupcomeupwithgiveoutputoffIwantto______myplantoworkinananimalhospitaluntilnextsummer.I’mtoobusywithmystudiesthisyear.Shehopesto______atleastfiveprimaryschoolstoaskiftheyneedvolunteersfortheirafter-schoolprograms.putoffcallupputuphandoutcallupcheerupcomeupwithgiveoutputoff3.Ourclassistryingto__________someideasto________sickchildrenbecausetheyareoftensad.4.Wedecidedto______signsaroundtheschooland________noticestotellstudentsaboutthebooksale.Wewill_______eupwithcheerupputuphandoutgiveout4bFillintheblankswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinthebox.helpmovedomakevisitspend

Mostpeopletodayareonlyworriedaboutgettinggoodjobs_______lotsofmoney.Intheirfreetime,theythinkaboutwhat_____forfun.However,fewpeoplethinkaboutwhattheycando______others.Therearemanypeoplewhoarelessluckythanus.tomaketodotohelphelpmovedomakevisitspendVolunteeringourtimetohelpthesepeopleisagoodway________ourfreetime.Forexample,wecanmakeplans______sickchildreninthehospitalorraisemoneyforhomelesspeople.Somepeopleevenstopdoingtheirjobsforafewmonthstoayear________toanotherplace,likeoneofthecountriesinAfrica,andhelppeoplethere.tospendtovisittomove

動(dòng)詞不定式是一種非謂語動(dòng)詞形式，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“to＋動(dòng)詞原形”，其中to不是介詞，而是動(dòng)詞不定式的符號(hào)，稱為小品詞，動(dòng)詞不定式?jīng)]有人稱和數(shù)的變化。動(dòng)詞不定式和其后面的名詞等構(gòu)成不定式短語，在句子中可以用作主語、表語、賓語、補(bǔ)足語、定語、狀語等。本單元主要學(xué)習(xí)其作賓語，狀語，賓補(bǔ)的用法。㈠動(dòng)詞不定式GrammarFocus

一.作賓語

動(dòng)詞不定式（短語）可以放在一些動(dòng)詞后面用作賓語，能以動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞有：begin,want,remember,agree,learn,like,decide,fail,pretend,demand,refuse等。例：Iwanttotellyouastory.Theybegintoworkateighteverymorning.Don’tforgettolockthedoor.Wouldyouliketogoandhaveapicnicwithustomorrow?

二.作賓語補(bǔ)足語。TheteacheraskedustoreadEnglishforhalfanhourinthemorning.TheteacheroftentellsJimnottospendtoomuchtimeplayingcomputergames.

Pleaseletmehelpyou.

動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語，表示賓語所做的動(dòng)作，可以用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞有：tell,ask,want,invite,encourage,help等。但在let,make,see,watch,hear,feel,notice,have等感官聽覺動(dòng)詞或使役動(dòng)詞后面作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞不定式一般要省略動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào)“to”，可以歸納為以下三種句式：1.不可以省to的不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語：

tell/ask/want/wouldlike/wish/suppose/invite/encourage/teach/dependon等+sb.+todosth.

例：

Theteachertoldustocomeearliertomorrow.

Iwantyoutogonow.

Herparentswishhertobeateacher.

2.省“to”的不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語：

Let/make/have+sb.+dosth.Lettheboygooutnow.

Theboymadethebabycry.

see/watch/hear/notice/feel+sb.+dosth.Isawthestudentsplaybasketballontheplaygroundyesterday.

Ioftenhearthegirlsinginthenextroom.

3.可省可不省的：

helpsb.(to)dosth.

Ioftenhelpmymother(to)dohousework.三.作狀語:（1）作目的狀語。如：Hestoppedtohavearest.強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)詞不定式所表示的目的時(shí)，動(dòng)詞不定式可用inorderto或soasto+動(dòng)詞原形，soasto不用于句首。如：

Thebusstoppedsoastopickuppassengers.（2）作結(jié)果狀語。如：

Hewokeuponlytofindeverybodygone.HisgrandmalivedtoseetheliberationofChina.Heisoldenoughtogotoschool.一、定義

動(dòng)詞之后加介詞或副詞構(gòu)成短語,表達(dá)一種特定的含義,稱為動(dòng)詞短語。二、分類

1.動(dòng)詞+介詞

2.動(dòng)詞+副詞3.動(dòng)詞+副詞+介詞4.動(dòng)詞+名詞5.動(dòng)詞+名詞+介詞6.be動(dòng)詞+形容詞+介詞

(二)動(dòng)詞短語1.動(dòng)詞+介詞lookat(看)

looklike(看上去像)

takeafter(與…相像)lookafter(照料)

listento(聽)hearfrom(收到…來信)takecareof(照顧)

此類短語相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞，其后必須帶賓語，但賓語無論是名詞還是代詞，都要放在介詞之后。e.g.Heislookingafterhissister.Shealwaystakescareofthesechildren.2.動(dòng)詞+副詞“動(dòng)詞+副詞”所構(gòu)成的短語義分為兩類：A.動(dòng)詞（vt.）+副詞puton(穿上)

cheerup(使高興)

clean?up(打掃干凈)putup(張貼)mixup(修理)takeoff(脫下)writedown(記下)

pick?up(撿起)turn?down(關(guān)小音量)此類短語可以帶賓語，賓語若是名詞，放在副詞前后皆可；賓語若是人稱代詞，只能放在副詞的前面。(代中名中后)e.g.Hetookoffhiscoat.B.動(dòng)詞（vi）+副詞comeon趕快

getup起床

gohome回家comein進(jìn)來sitdown坐下standup起立此類短語屬于不及物動(dòng)詞,不可以帶賓語。e.g.Comeon!Thebusiscoming!

3.動(dòng)詞+副詞+介詞come?upwith?(想出)

catch?up?with?(追上,趕上)look?forward?to?(期待,盼望)4.動(dòng)詞+名詞have?a?rest?(休息一下)

take?a?walk?(散步)

make?mistakes?(犯錯(cuò))

havea?try?(試一下)take?place

(發(fā)生)

tell?a?lie?(撒謊