山東省青島市2023屆高三上學期期初（開學）調(diào)研檢測-英語答案

2022年高三年級期初調(diào)研檢測

英語試題

注意事項：

1.答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。

2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改

動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在

本試卷上無效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂

到答題卡上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。

聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。

1.Whatwillthemando?

A.Headforlunch.B.Meetthemanager.C.Lendahand.

2.Whereareprobablythespeakers?

A.Inakitchen.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inasupermarket.

3.WhywasJennyabsentfromschool?

A.Shewasill.B.Sheoverslept.C.Shehadtolookafterhermother.

4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?

A.Aholidayplan.B.Theman'srelatives.C.Theman'sinvitation.

5.Howdoesthewomansound?

A.Helpful.B.Grateful.C.Anxious.

第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中

選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，

每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.Whatisthewomandissatisfiedwithabouttheredsweater?

A.Theprice.B.Thestyle.C.Thematerial.

7.Whatisthewomanlikelytodonext?

A.Gotoanotherstore.B.Tryonthegreendress.C.Buythepinkdress.

聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。

8.Whatkindofroomdoesthemanprefer?

A.Adoubleroom.B.Asingleroom.C.Asuite.

9.Whatistheman'srequirementfortheroom?

A.Ithasbeautifulscenery.B.Itisonthelowerfloor.C.Itissmoke-free.

聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。

10.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomanabout?

A.Herworkschedule.B.Herhotelinformation.C.Herflightnumber.

11.WhatwillthewomandoonOctober12th?

A.Visitsomefactories.B.Haveaconference.C.Signacontract.

12.Whereisthewomannow?

A.InMilan.B.InVenice.C.InSaoPaulo.

聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。

13.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?

A.Atanairport.B.Onaplane.C.Inataxi.

14.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman?

A.Sheiswarm-hearted.B.Sheismodest.C.Sheisknowledgeable.

15.Whatisthemangoingtodonext?

A.VisitLosAngeles.B.Pickuphisbaggage.C.Catchhisflight.

16.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Familymembers.B.Closefriends.C.Fellowpassengers.

聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。

17.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetalk?

A.Tosharesomeusefulapps.B.Toshowthepowerofsound.C.Toexplainthecausesofhearingloss.

18.WhatcanusershearatASoftMurmur?

A.Oceannoises.B.Whitenoise.C.Water,fieldandforestnoises.

19.WhoisprobablyRobert?

A.Areporter.B.Auser.C.Anearspecialist.

20.WhatdoesRobertsayaboutthedevice?

A.Ifsaffordable.B.It*sconvenient.C.It*senjoyable.

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。

A

Communitycollegesofferlowtuition,job-specifictrainingandotherbenefits.Whetheryou'reahighschool

studentunsureofwhichcollegestoapplytoorsomeoneconsideringgoingbacktoschool,thereareplentyofreasons

toputcommunitycollegesonyourlist.

LowerCosts

Themostfrequentlycitedbenefitofcommunitycollegesistherelativelylowcostofattendance.Accordingto

datafromtheCollegeBoard,communitycollegescost,onaverage,aboutone-thirdofin-statetuitionatfour-year

publicuniversities.

APathtoaFour-yearCollege

Manyfour-yearuniversitieshavetransferagreementswithlocalcommunitycolleges.Theseagreementsallow

studentswhocompletespecificrequirementstoeasilytransferintoafour-yearprogramatanearbyuniversity.

Transferstudentscanthenearnabachelor'sdegreewhileonlyhavingtopaytwoyearsofhighertuition.

Flexibility

Communitycollegesallowforflexiblescheduling,makingthemaparticularlygoodoptionforolderstudents

whoareworkingprofessionalsorparents.Manycommunitycollegesalsoallowhighschoolstudentstotake

college-levelcoursesduringeveningsorweekends.

WorkforceTraining

Communitycollegestendtoofferawiderangeofcareerandtechnicaleducationprogramsinfieldslikenursing

orfirefighting.Thehighlyappliednatureoftheseprogramspreparesstudentsfbrenteringtheworkforce.From

culinary（烹飪）artstoautomobilemechanics,communitycollegesofferabroadselectionofprofessionalized

courseworkthatfour-yearuniversitiesoftendonot.

1.Whoaremostlikelytoattendcommunitycolleges?

A.Highschoolstudentsfacingcollegechoices.

B.Adultsplanningtoworkathighschools.

C.Collegestudentsanxioustoimprovethemselves.

D.Professionalseagerforcollege-levelcourses.

2.Whichisthoughttobethebiggestadvantageofcommunitycolleges?

A.LowerCosts.B.APathtoaFour-yearCollege.

C.Flexibility.D.WorkforceTraining.

3.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheworkforcetrainingprograms?

A.Interesting.B.Time-consuming.C.Practical.D.Demanding.

【答案】l.A2.A3.C

【解析】

【導語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是把社區(qū)大學列入申請名單的幾條理由。

【1題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的aWhetheryou'reahighschoolstudentunsureofwhichcollegestoapplytoor

someoneconsideringgoingbacktoschool,thereareplentyofreasonstoputcommunitycollegesonyourlist.（無論

你是一個不確定要申請哪所大學的高中生，還是一個考慮重返校園的人，有很多理由把社區(qū)大學列入你的

名單。）”可知，最有可能上社區(qū)大學的是面臨大學選擇的高中生，故選A。

2題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)LowerCosts部分的“Themostfrequentlycitedbenefitofcommunitycollegesistherelatively

lowcostofattendance.（最常被提及的社區(qū)大學的好處是入學成本相對較低。）”可知，社區(qū)大學最大的優(yōu)勢

是更低的成本，故選A。

【3題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)WorkforceTraining部分的"Communitycollegestendtoofferawiderangeofcareerand

technicaleducationprogramsinfieldslikenursingorfirefighting.Thehighlyappliednatureoftheseprograms

preparesstudentsforenteringtheworkforce.（社區(qū)大學傾向于提供廣泛的職業(yè)和技術(shù)教育課程，如護理或消防

等領域。這些課程的高應用性為學生進入職場做好了準備。）”可知，勞動力培訓計劃是實用的，故選C。

B

ValerieBolducisexploringapathunderafour-lanehighwaytofitwildlifecameras,whenshegetsstuckinthe

mud."Iamreallystuck,“saystheroadecologystudent,tryingtopullherfeetoutofastreambedthattravelsthrough

theconcreteculvert（涵洞）ofQuebecRoute117.“Idonotwanttobeadeergoingthroughthat.”

Bolduc'sdilemmamakesevidenttherisksforwildanimalsusingthesamepath.

Awarmingclimateispushingmanyanimalstomigratetowardhigherlatitudes（緯度）toremainwithintheir

desirableenvironments,butthatcomeswithrisksastheycrossdangerousareas,suchashighways.IneasternCanada,

Bolducandotherresearchersandconservationistsaretryingtopreservesafecorridors（走廊）forwildlife.

Themotion-activatedcamerastheyhavebroughtwillrecordwhichspeciesareusingthetunnels.An

outward-facingcamerawillidentifywhatanimalsapproachbutdonotenter,perhapspreventedbytrafficnoise,the

tunnefssizeorotherfactors.

BolducexplainsthatthishighwayrunningthroughsouthernQuebecseparatesaseriesofCanadiannationaland

regionalparksoneitherside,alongwiththeiranimalpopulations.uIfssuperimportant,shenotes,"becausethe

animalswanttomovenorthandtheyencountertheseandthencantheymovethrough?Willtheygethitbyacar?

We'Hneedtofigurethatout.Andweneedtohelpthem,atleastIwanttohelpthem.”

Afterfinishingfittingtheircamerasonthenorthboundsideofthehighway,Bolducandherteamdecidethey

needanalternatepathtotheothersidetoavoidanothermisfortuneinthemud."We'regenerallytryingtobesafe/*

Bolducsays,“butfortheanimals,thisistheirlife!,,

4.WhatcanwelearnfromBolduc'sexperienceofbeingtrapped?

A.Itisdifficulttofitwildlifecameras.

B.Sheisoutofluckduringtheexploration.

C.Roadconditionsofthehighwayareunexpected.

D.Itisdangerousforwildanimalstocrossthisarea.

5.Whatdotheseanimalsmovetohigherlatitudesfor?

A.Lesstrafficnoise.B.Wannerclimate.C.Safecorridors.D.Favorableenvironments.

6.Whatfunctionisexpectedofthewildlifecameras?

A.lbrecordthechangesintrafficflow.B.Tofigureoutdifficultieswildanimalsface.

C.Totrackanimalsinandaroundthetunnels.D.lbphotographthelivingenvironmentofwildanimals.

7.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.HighTechProtectsWildlifeB.AnimalMigrationIsunderThreat

C.EcologistsFeartheFutureofWildlifeD.ResearchersSeekPathsforAnimalstoMigrate

【答案】4.D5.D6.C7.D

【解析】

【導語】本文是一篇新聞報道，主要講的是ValerieBolduc及其他研究人員通過安裝動態(tài)攝像機為動物遷徙

尋找路徑。

【4題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Bolduc'sdileminamakesevidenttherisksforwildanimalsusingthesame

path.（Bolduc的兩難處境清楚地說明了野生動物走同一條路的風險。）”可知，我們能從博爾達克被困的經(jīng)歷

中學到野生動物穿過這個地區(qū)是危險的。故選D。

【5題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Awarmingclimateispushingmanyanimalstomigratetowardhigherlatitudesto

remainwithintheirdesirableenvironments,butthatcomeswithrisksastheycrossdangerousareas,suchas

highways.（氣候變暖正迫使許多動物向高緯度地區(qū)遷徙，以留在它們理想的環(huán)境中，但這也伴隨著風險，因

為它們要穿過危險的地區(qū)，比如高速公路。）”可知，這些動物遷移到高緯度地區(qū)是為了有利的環(huán)境。故選

Do

【6題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Themotion-activatedcamerastheyhavebroughtwillrecordwhichspeciesare

usingthetunnels.Anoutward-facingcamerawillidentifywhatanimalsapproachbutdonotenter,perhaps

preventedbytrafficnoise,thetunnefssizeorotherfactors.（他們帶來的動態(tài)攝像機將記錄哪些物種正在使用隧

道。一個朝外的攝像頭將識別哪些動物靠近但沒有進入，也許是因為交通噪音、隧道大小或其他因素。）”

可知，野生動物攝像機的功能是用來追蹤隧道內(nèi)外的動物。故選C。

【7題詳解】

主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段的"ValerieBolducisexploringapathunderafour-lanehighwaytofit

wildlifecameras,whenshegetsstuckinthemud.（瓦萊麗?博爾達克正在四車道高速公路下探索一條小路，以

便安裝野生動物攝像機，這時她被困在了泥里。）”和第三段的uIneasternCanada,Bolducandother

researchersandconservationistsaretryingtopreservesafecorridorsforwildlife.（在加拿大東部，Bolduc和其他

研究人員以及自然資源保護主義者正在努力為野生動物保護安全的走廊。）”可知，本文主要講的是Valerie

Bolduc及其他研究人員通過安裝動態(tài)攝像機為動物遷徙尋找路徑，因此最好的題目是D選項“Researchers

SeekPathsforAnimalstoMigrate（研究人員為動物遷徙尋找路徑）”，故選D。

C

Coveredinlushfur,thethickestintheanimalkingdom,seaotters（海獺）canlivetheirentirelivesintheocean,

feedingheavilyuponseaflooranimalssuchasshellfish.Theyareoftenseentoeatclams（蛤）,whichburythemselves

inmeadowsofeelgrass（大葉藻場），awide-rangingplantspeciesgrowinginwater.Eelgrassmeadowswheresea

ottersdigforclamsbecomepartlybare,whichiscommonlyaconcernforecologists.

Asitturnsout,themeadowswithottersarehealthier,withmoreeelgrass,accordingtoanewstudypublishedin

Science.That'sbecausebygentlydisturbingtheseabed,theottersmaketheplantsflowerandproduceseeds.What's

more,theirdiggingprovidesmorespaceandsunlightforseedstosettleandgrow.Theenhancedgeneticdiversity

causedbyseaotterscouldmakeeelgrassmoreadaptabletopresentandfuturethreats.

Thefindingisapowerfulexampleofhowanimalssuchasottersinfluencetheirecosystemsbeyondpredation

（捕食），ofteninunseenandlittle-knownways,saysstudyleaderErinFoster,aresearchassociateattheHakai

Institute.Italsomeansseaotters,anendangeredspecies,arevitaltotheirenvironmentsandgiveeelgrass,whichisin

dangerworldwide,abetterchanceatstayinghealthyandsurviving.

Seagrasshabitatsarealsoimportantformanyfish,providingfoodforanimals,absorbing,andfilteringharmful

pollutionandbacteriafromthewater."Geneticdiversitytypicallystrengthenstheadaptabilityofspecies,and

consideringthechallengeswe'refacing...thiswillbeimportantforeelgrassmeadows,andfromthisaspect,the

impacttheottersarehavingdeservesourlastingconcern,"saysFoster.

8.Whatdoweknowaboutseaotters?

A.Theylivepartoftheirlivesunderwater.B.Theymainlyfeedonseaanimalslikefish.

C.Theyeatclamsbeneatheelgrassmeadows.D.Theybecomeanewconcernforecologists.

9.Howdoestheauthordevelopparagraph2?

A.Bygivingopinions.B.Bypresentingreasons.

C.Byclarifyingconcepts.D.Bycomparingresults.

10.Whydoestheauthormentiontheendangeredconditionofeelgrass?

A.Toprovideexamplesofseaotters*predation.

B.Toshowtheurgencytoprotecttheenvironment.

C.Tohighlighttheroleofottersintheirecosystems.

D.Towarnagainstthepotentialriskofclimatechange.

11.WhatdoesFosterthinkoftheimpactottershaveonunderwatermeadows?

A.Overestimated.B.Noteworthy.C.Temporary.D.Unpredictable.

【答案】8.C9.B10.C11.B

【解析】

【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述海獺，一種瀕危物種，對它們的環(huán)境至關(guān)重要，并給全世界處于

危險中的鰻草提供了更好的保持健康和生存的機會。

【8題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段"Theyareoftenseentoeatclams,whichburythemselvesinmeadowsofeelgrass,a

wide-rangingplantspeciesgrowinginwater.（人們經(jīng)常看至它們吃蛤蛆1,蛤蝌把自己埋在鰻草草甸中，鰻草是

一種廣泛生長在水中的植物。）”可知，海獺吃在鰻草下面的蛤蝌。故選C項。

【9題詳解】

推理判斷題。由文章第二段“Asitturnsout,themeadowswithottersarehealthier,withmoreeelgrass,according

toanewstudypublishedinScience.That'sbecausebygentlydisturbingtheseabed,theottersmaketheplants

flowerandproduceseeds.What'smore,theirdiggingprovidesmorespaceandsunlightfbrseedstosettleandgrow.

Theenhancedgeneticdiversitycausedbyseaotterscouldmakeeelgrassmoreadaptabletopresentandfuture

threats.（根據(jù)發(fā)表在《科學》上的一項新研究，事實證明，有水獺的草地更健康，有更多的鰻草。這是因為

水獺通過輕輕攪動海床，使植物開花并產(chǎn)生種子。更重要的是，他們的挖掘為種子的定居和生長提供了更

多的空間和陽光。海獺導致的遺傳多樣性增強可能使鰻草更適應當前和未來的威脅。）”可知，文章第二段

先給出結(jié)論Asitturnsout,themeadowswithottersarehealthier,withmoreeelgrass,后面再說明原因，所以第

二段是通過給原因來論證的。故選B項。

【10題詳解】

推理判斷題。由文章第三段”】talsomeansseaotters,anendangeredspecies,arevitaltotheirenvironmentsand

giveeelgrass,whichisindangerworldwide,abetterchanceatstayinghealthyandsurviving.（這也意味著海獺，一

種瀕危物種，對它們的環(huán)境至關(guān)重要，并給全世界處于危險中的鰻草提供了更好的保持健康和生存的機會

可知，作者提到瀕危的鰻草是為了突出海獺對生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的作用。故選C項。

【11題詳解】

推理判斷題。由文章最后一段""Geneticdiversitytypicallystrengthenstheadaptabilityofspecies,and

consideringthechallengesweYefacing...thiswillbeimportantfbreelgrassmeadows,andfromthisaspect,the

impacttheottersarehavingdeservesourlastingconcern,'*saysFoster.（Foster說：“基因多樣性通常會增強物種

的適應性，考慮到我們面臨的挑戰(zhàn)……這對鰻草草地非常重要，從這個角度來看，海獺的影響值得我們長

期關(guān)注。"。）”可知，F(xiàn)oster對海獺是水草的影響是值得我們長期關(guān)注的。A.Overestimated高估的；

B.Noteworthy值得關(guān)注的；C.Temporary短暫的；D.Unpredictable不可預知的。故選B項。

D

Wintermaybeseenasthetimetofillupwithcomfortfood,butinfact,thesunnysummermonthsarewhenmen

eatmorecalories-unlikewomen."Theeffectmayoccurbecausesunlightmakestheskinreleasean

appetite-stimulatinghormonecalledghrelin（tJL餓激素）JsaysCarmitLevyatTelAvivUniversity.

Levyandherteamnoticedtheunexpectedeffectinexperimentsinmicethatinvestigatedmechanisms（機

制）behindskincancer,inwhichmaleanimalsexposedtoUVlightatemorefood.Toseeifhumansdothesame,the

researchersusedexistingdataon3,000peoplewhohadfilledindietaryquestionnairesaspartofthegovernment's

regularnationalhealthandnutritionsurvey.BetweenMarchandSeptember,menconsumedabout17percentmore

caloriesperdaythantheydidduringtherestoftheyearwhilewomen'sfoodintakestayedaboutthesame.

Humanappetiteisinfluencedbymanysystems,butghrelinseemstobetheonlyhormonethatdirectly

stimulateseating.Itwasthoughttobemainlysecretedbythestomachwhenempty."IttellsthebraintoeatmoreJ

saysCarolineGorvinattheUniversityofBirmingham.

FurtherinvestigationrevealedthatexposingmalemicetoUVBradiationraisedlevelsofghrelinsecretionbyfat

cellsintheirskin.Boostedlevelsofghrelinwerealsoseeninskinsamplesthatweretakenfrommenandexposedto

UVlightinthelab.Gorvinsaystheskinhadn'tpreviouslybeenthoughttoplayaroleinappetite.fctIfifsreal,it's

quiteexcitingandweshouldsparenoeffortstogettothebottom,shesays.

Ilisunclearwhytheeffecthappens,butitmaybeanadaptiveresponsetofuelgreaterphysicalactivityin

summer,saysGorvin.uAsthelargestorganofthebody,itmakessensethattheskincansensetheenvironment,

sensingthatthereisUVnow,thatnowisthetimetogoout.”

12.Whatcanwelearnabouttheeffectfromparagraph1?

A.Humanstendtoeatmorefoodinwinter.

B.Ourskincontainsahormonethatmakesusactive.

C.Summersunlightseemstoboostmen'scalorieintake.

D.Womensufferlossofappetitebecauseofsummerheat.

13.Whathelpedtheteamlookintotheeffectonhumans?

A.DoingexperimentsinUVlight.B.Analysingexistingdataoffered.

C.Carryingoutdietaryquestionnaires.D.Surveyingnationalhealthcondition.

14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“secreted"meaninparagraph3?

A.Balanced.B.Influenced.C.Raised.D.Produced.

15.WhatcanwelearnfromGorvin'swords?

A.Theskinisadecisivefactorinphysicalactivities.

B.ExposuretoUVlightcontributestocalorieburnup.

C.Theroleoftheskininappetiteneedsfurtherresearch.

D.Higherfoodintakemakesmengainweightinsummer.

【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.C

【解析】

【導語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是陽光明媚的夏天是男人攝入更多卡路里的時候。

【12題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的"infact,thesunnysummermonthsarewhenmeneatmorecalories-unlikewomen.

“Theeffectmayoccurbecausesunlightmakestheskinreleaseanappetite-stimulatinghonnonecalledghrelin

saysCarmitLevyatTelAvivUniversity.（事實上，陽光明媚的夏天是男人攝入更多卡路里的時候——不像女人。

特拉維夫大學的卡米特?列維說：”這種效果的產(chǎn)生可能是因為陽光使皮膚釋放一種刺激食欲的激素一

胃饑餓素?？芍?，夏日的陽光似乎能增加男性的卡路里攝入量。故選C。

【13題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的"Toseeifhumansdothesame,theresearchersusedexistingdataon3,000people

whohadfilledindietaryquestionnairesaspartofthegovernment'sregularnationalhealthandnutritionsurvey.（為

了看看人類是否也會這樣做，研究人員使用了3000人的現(xiàn)有數(shù)據(jù)，這些人填寫了飲食調(diào)查問卷，這是政府

定期進行的全國健康和營養(yǎng)調(diào)查的一部分。）”可知，幫助研究小組研究了它對人類的影響的是分析現(xiàn)有數(shù)

據(jù)。故選B。

【14題詳解】

詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段的“ghrelinseemstobetheonlyhormonethatdirectlystimulateseating（胃饑餓素似乎

是唯一直接刺激進食的激素）”和“bythestomachwhenempty（被空的胃）”可知，劃線詞所在句表示“它被

認為主要是胃空時分泌的”，劃線詞的意思是“產(chǎn)生”，和produced意思相近，故選D。

【15題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的"Itisunclearwhytheeffecthappens,butitmaybeanadaptiveresponsetofuel

greaterphysicalactivityinsummer,saysGorvin.（高文說，目前還不清楚這種效應發(fā)生的原因，但它可能是一

種適應反應，為夏季更多的體育活動提供燃料。）”可知，皮膚對食欲的作用還需要進一步研究。故選C。

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

Surpriseistheerrorsignalourbrainsproducewhensomethingunexpectedhappens.Itisadopamine（多巴胺）

trigger,producingtheneurotransmitter（神經(jīng)遞質(zhì)）thatdrivesattentionandmotivation.16Itmakesus

stop,notice,andlearn.

InhisbookThePowerofSurprise,Rousellpresentshisfindingfromdecadesofhisresearch:17They

formourself-concept.

18Samanthafelthershynesswasaweakness,untilherswimcoachsurprisedherbynamingher

captain.Hesaid,“Shemaybequiet,butwhenthisgirlsayssomething,you'regoingtowanttolisten/'Thesurprise

leftherfeelingquietlypowerful.Thechangeinherbeliefsandbehaviorswasinstantandlasting.

Notallsurprisingmomentsarecreatedequal.Rousellillustratessomeresearch-backedstepstousesurprise

well.

Spotaself-criticismyou'dliketohelpsomeonerevise.Forexample,perhapsyourstudentseeshimselfasaslow

learner,oryouremployeebelieveshelackscreativity.19Maybethestudentwhothinkshelearnsslowlyis

alsoverythorough.Theemployeewhothinkshelackscreativityishighlylogical.Makeyourmessagequickandto

thepoint.Themoreyoudelayonthetopicordressitupasfloweiypraise,thelesssurprisingitwillbe.20

A.Pointouthisweakness.

B.Itwasanessentialadaptationforhumans.

C.Identifytheoppositesideofthesamecoin.

D.Also,itwillmakelessdifferencetoone'smind.

E.Hereisanexampletheauthorsharesinhisbook.

F.Toputitsimply,surpriseisabigdealtoourbrains.

G.Surprisebringstheexperiencesshapingwhowebelieveweare.

【答案】16.F17.G18.E19.C20.D

【解析】

【導語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是什么是驚訝和驚訝的力量。

【16題詳解】

空前說“Surpriseistheerrorsignalourbrainsproducewhensomethingunexpectedhappens.Itisadopamine（多

ES$）trigger,producingtheneurotransmitter（神經(jīng)遞質(zhì)）thatdrivesattentionandmotivation.（驚訝是當意外發(fā)生

時.，我們的大腦產(chǎn)生的錯誤信號。它是多巴胺的觸發(fā)器，產(chǎn)生的神經(jīng)遞質(zhì)驅(qū)動注意力和動機。）”，空后說

“Itmakesusstop,notice,andlearn.（它讓我們停下來，注意并學習。）”，因此空格處應接著上文，繼續(xù)介紹

驚訝是什么，F(xiàn)選項“Toputitsimply,surpriseisabigdealtoourbrains.（簡單地說，驚訝對我們的大腦來說很

重要。）”是介紹驚訝的，因此承上啟下，符合語境，故選F。

【17題詳解】

空前說"InhisbookThePowerofSurprise,Rousellpresentshisfindingfromdecadesofhisresearch（在他的書

《驚訝的力量》中，Rousell介紹了他幾十年來的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)）”，空格處應說明研究發(fā)現(xiàn)具體是什么，G選項

uSurprisebringstheexperiencesshapingwhowebelieveweare.（驚訝帶來的體驗塑造了我們對自己的信念。）

是一項發(fā)現(xiàn)，因此承接上文，符合語境，故選G。

【18題詳解】

空后說uSamanthafelthershynesswasaweakness,untilherswimcoachsurprisedherbynaminghercaptain.He

said,€tShemaybequiet,butwhenthisgirlsayssomething,you'regoingtowanttolisten.^^Thesurpriselefther

feelingquietlypowerful.Thechangeinherbeliefsandbehaviorswasinstantandlasting.（薩曼莎覺得害羞是她的

弱點，直到她的游泳教練任命她為隊長，這讓她大吃一驚。他說：“她可能很安靜，但當這個女孩說什么時，

你會想要傾聽?！边@個驚訝讓她覺得自己很強大。她的信念和行為發(fā)生了瞬間而持久的變化。）”，這是舉

的具體的一個例子，E選項uHereisanexampletheauthorsharesinhisbook.（下面是作者在他的書中分享的一

個例子。）”引起下文，符合語境，故選E。

【19題詳解】

空前說“Forexample,perhapsyourstudentseeshimselfasaslowlearner,oryouremployeebelieveshelacks

creativity.（例如，也許你的學生認為自己學習很慢，或者你的員工認為他缺乏創(chuàng)造力。）”，空后說“Maybe

thestudentwhothinkshelearnsslowlyisalsoverythorough.Theemployeewhothinkshelackscreativityis

highlylogical.（也許認為自己學得慢的學生也是很透徹的。認為自己缺乏創(chuàng)造力的員工是很有邏輯的。）”，

說明要看到一個事情的另一方面，C選項Identifytheoppositesideofthesamecoin.（識別同一枚硬幣的反

面。）”承上啟下，符合語境，故選C。

【20題詳解】

空前說“Themoreyoudelayonthetopicordressitupasflowerypraise,thelesssurprisingitwillbe.（你在這個

話題上越拖延，或者把它裝扮成華麗的贊美，它就越不令人驚訝。）”，D選項“Also,itwillmakelessdifference

toone'smind.（而且，它對一個人的思想影響較小。）”中的句式和空前的“thelesssurprisingitwillbe”相一

致，繼續(xù)講你在這個話題上越拖延，或者把它裝扮成華麗的贊美會有什么影響，因此承接上文，符合語境，

故選Do

第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。

AmyJandrisevitsknowsthevalueofagooddoll（玩具娃娃）.“Dollshavea21wedon'tcompletely

understand,shesaid.Ifsafn）22shegotwhileworkingasasocialworkerusingdollstohelpyoungkids

23theirchangingmedicalsituations.

Sevenyearsago,a24saidthatherchildwasinvolvedinacaraccident,leavingascar（傷疤）onhis

face.Jandrisevitsknewwhatmighthelptheyouththroughthis25period."It's26totellakid,

'Youareperfectthewayyouare/andtobuild27thatway,“shesays.

Jandrisevitswentabout28that.Shemadeadollbyhandthatlookedlikeherfriend'schildandsentit

off.Afterthefriend29aphotoonlineofthehappychildanddoll,anotherwomanaskedJandrisevitsto

makeadollforherbaby,whowasmissingaleg.

Word30andsoonJandrisevitswasmakingdollsforchildrenwithbirthmarksorfacialdeformities

（畸形），fromphotossentbyparents.She31herpreviousjobandstartedanonprofit,ADollLikeMe.

Shehasn't32foradollsinceshebeganhernonprofit.

Inall,she'smademorethan400dolls.ThewaitinglistislongbutJandrisevitsis33.Asshe

explains,<€Everykid,34gender,age,medicalissueorbodytype,shouldlookintothe35

faceofadollandseetheirown.,,

21.A.powerB.themeC.systemD.fashion

22.A.lessonB.inspirationC.rewardD.experience

23.A.turntoB.adapttoC.realizeD.ignore

24.A.workerB.patientC.volunteerD.friend

25.A.unforgettableB.challengingC.complexD.impressive

26.A.naturalB.generousC.helpfulD.hard

27.A.confidenceB.connectionC.trustD.communication

28.A.followingB.blessingC.explainingD.changing

29.A.tookB.sentC.sawD.posted

30.A.cameB.failedC.spreadD.read

31.A.lovedB.quitC.beganD.lost

32.A.chargedB.goneC.askedD.paid

33.A.tiredB.curiousC.determinedD.famous

34.A.regardlessofB.insteadofC.apartfromD.accordingto

35.A.restoredB.beautifiedC.sweetD.funny

【答案】21.A22.B23.B24.D25.B26.D27.A28.D29.D30.C31.

B32.A33.C34.A35.C

【解析】

【導語】本文是一篇新聞報道，主要講的是AmyJandrisevits用洋娃娃來幫助年輕的孩子適應他們不斷變化

的醫(yī)療狀況，幫助孩子們建立自信的故事。

(21題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：