2023-2023年高中英語必修二教案：Unit3-語法教案

2023-2023年高中英語必修二教案：Unit3語法教案概念過去完成時表示在過去某一時間或動作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成了的動作，即“過去的過去〔past-in-the-past〕〞。----|--------------------------|-------------------------------|---------------------------->那時以前那時現(xiàn)在構成過去完成時由“助動詞had+過去分詞〞構成，其中had通用于各種人稱。e.g.(1)Theyhadalreadyhadbreakfastbeforetheyarrivedatthehotel.他們來賓館之前就已經(jīng)吃過飯了。(2)Hedidn’tgotobeduntilhehadfinishedwork.他直到把工作做完之后才睡覺。用法1.過去完成時表示一個動作或狀態(tài)在過去某一時間或動作之前已經(jīng)完成或結束，即發(fā)生在“過去的過去〞。e.g.(1)WhenIwokeup,ithadstoppedraining.我醒來時，雨已經(jīng)停了?！仓骶涞膭幼靼l(fā)生在“過去的過去〞〕(2)HehadleftwhenIarrived.當我到達時他已經(jīng)離開。2.過去完成時是一個相對的時態(tài)，表示的是“過去的過去〞，只有和過去某一時間或某一動作相比擬時才使用它。e.g.(1)Shetoldmethatshehadwrittenanewnovel.她告訴我她已經(jīng)寫好一本小說了?！瞙adwritten發(fā)生在told之前〕(2)IfoundthewatchwhichIhadlost.我找到了我喪失的表。3.過去完成時需要與一個表示過去的時間狀語連用，它不能離開過去時間而獨立存在。此時多與already,yet,still,just,before,never等時間副詞及by,before,until等引導的短語或從句連用。e.g.(1)BeforeshecametoChina,AmyhadtaughtEnglishinamiddleschoolforaboutfiveyears.艾米來中國之前，在一所中學已經(jīng)教了五年英語。(2)Tomhadcollectedmorethan300Chinesestampsbythetimehewasseven.湯姆在七歲時已經(jīng)集了300多張中國郵票。4.過去完成時表示某一動作或狀態(tài)在過去某時之前已經(jīng)開始，一直延續(xù)到這一過去時間，而且動作尚未結束，仍然有繼續(xù)下去的可能。e.g.(1)Bytheendoflastyear,myfatherhadworkedinthefactoryfortwentyyears.去年年底時，爸爸已經(jīng)在工廠工作二十年了。〔hadworked已有了20年，還有繼續(xù)進行下去的可能〕(2)Bysixo’clockhehadworkedelevenhours.到6點鐘時他就已經(jīng)工作了11小時。5.動詞think,want,hope,mean,plan,intend等用過去完成時來表示過去未曾實現(xiàn)的想法，希望，打算或意圖等。e.g.(1)Ihadwantedtohelpbutcouldnotgetthereintime.我本來打算去幫助，但沒有及時趕到那里。

(2)Theyhadhopedtobeabletocomeandseeyou.他們本來希望能來看看你。6.過去完成時還可用在hardly…when…,nosooner…than…,Itwasthefirst(second,etc)time(that)…等固定句型中。e.g.(1)Hardlyhadhebegantospeakwhentheaudienceinterruptedhim.他剛開始演講，聽眾就打斷了他。

(2)Nosoonerhadhearrivedthanhewentawayagain.他剛到就又走了。

(3)Itwasthethirdtimethatshehadbeenoutofworkthatyear.這是她那一年第三次失業(yè)了。過去完成時的用法總結如下表：過去完成時構成助動詞

had+動詞的過去分詞基本用法表示在過去某一時刻或動作以前完成了的動作，即“過去的過去〞?？梢杂胋y，before等介詞短語或一個時間狀語從句來表示，也可以用一個表示過去的動作來表示，還可以通過上下文來表示。(2)表示由過去的某一時刻開始，一直延續(xù)到過去另一時間的動作或狀態(tài)，常和for，since構成的時間狀語連用。(3)過去完成時常常用在賓語從句〔或間接引語〕中，這時從句中的動作發(fā)生在主句表示的過去的動作之前。(4)在包含有when，until等連詞的復合句中，如果主句謂語動詞和從句謂語動詞所表示的過去動作不是同時發(fā)生的，那么先發(fā)生的動作通常用過去完成時表示。和其它時態(tài)的區(qū)別過去完成時/現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時著眼于現(xiàn)在，強調(diào)過去發(fā)生的某動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響和結果，或是由過去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作。過去完成時那么主要表達過去發(fā)生的動作先后有別，表達的是“過去的過去〞。過去完成時/一般過去時過去完成時強調(diào)某動作在過去某時間或另一動作之前已完成。一般過去時僅表示動作或狀態(tài)在過去某時間發(fā)生過，不強調(diào)與另一動作的比擬。注意事項(1)動詞think,want,hope,mean,plan,intend等用過去完成時來表示過去未曾實現(xiàn)的想法，希望，打算或意圖等。(2)過去完成時還可用在hardly…when…，nosooner…than…，Itwasthefirst(second,etc)time(that)…等固定句型中。(3)It/Thiswas+序數(shù)詞time或最高級that后面的從句用過去完成時。(4)用于表示與過去事實相反的虛擬條件從句中?，F(xiàn)在完成時與過去完成時的區(qū)別 現(xiàn)在完成時著眼于現(xiàn)在，強調(diào)過去發(fā)生的某動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響和結果，或是由過去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作。

e.g.(1)Ihavecleanedtheclassroom.我清掃干凈教室了?！矎娬{(diào)掃地所產(chǎn)生的結果：地干凈了?！?2)Theyhavelivedherefortwentyyears.他們住在這二十年了?！病白〃晱倪^去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作用現(xiàn)在完成時?！?3)WehavelivedinBeijingsincewecameChina.自我們來中國就住在北京了?！病白〃暿菑倪^去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作用現(xiàn)在完成時?！尺^去完成時那么主要表達過去發(fā)生的兩動作的先后有別，表達的是“過去的過去〞，即比過去發(fā)生的某動作都還要“過去〞，兩動作中先發(fā)生的就用過去完成時，后發(fā)生的那么只用一般過去時。運用過去完成時的句子往往有兩過去的時間或動作。e.g.(1)MrSmithhadlivedinLondonfortenyearsbeforehecametoChina.史密斯先生在來中國之前就已經(jīng)在倫敦住過十年了?！病皝悫曋袊殉蛇^去，而先前“住〞在紐約就是過去的過去?！?2)Wehadlearned2000wordsbytheendoflastterm.到上學期末，我們已經(jīng)學了2000個單詞。〔“上學期末〞已過去，而在之前“學〞的就更過去了?！痴Z法知識拓展一、單項填空。1.WhenLiMinghurriedhome,hefoundthathismother____already____tohospital.

A.has;beensent

B.had;sent

C.has;sent

D.had;beensent2.Thestudents_______severalnewEnglishsongsbytheendoflastterm.

A.hadlearned

B.

learned

C.havelearned

D.willhavelearned3.LuMeitoldmeshe_____breakfast,soshewasveryhungryafterhavingtwoclasses.

A.hashad

B.hasn’thave

C.havehad

D.hadn’thad4.Hardly______tothebusstopwhenthebusleft,whichdrovethemcrazy.

Adidtheyget

Btheygot

Chadtheygot Dhastheygot5.She_____herkeysintheofficesoshehadtowaituntilherhusband____home.

Ahasleft;comes

Bhadleft;come

Chadleft;came

Dleft;hadcome6.Mr.Blacksaidthatitwasatleasttenyearssincehe_____agooddrink.

Ahadenjoyed

Bwasenjoying

Chaveenjoyed

Dhavebeenenjoying7.I______tocatchthefirsttrainbutIgotuptoolatethismorning.A.hoping B.hadhoped C.hashoped D.wouldhope8.Dr.Brownwasverydisappointedthatonethirdoftheguests_____whenhe_____attheparty.A.hadleft;hadarrived B.hadleft;arrived C.left;arrived D.hadleft;arrived9.Tomfirstmetme10yearsago.I______inaradiofactoryatthattime.A.hadworked B.haveworked C.wasworking D.hasbeenworking10.—What______whenIphonedyou?—I______mywork,andwantedtogooutforawalk.A.haveyoudone;finished B.wereyoudoing;havefinishedC.didyoudo;hadjustfinished D.wereyoudoing;hadjustfinished11.Itisveryclearthatyouwereinahurry.You______yoursweaterinsideout.A.hadworn B.wore C.werewearing D.arewearing12.—We______thatyouwouldfixtheTVsetthisweek.—I’msorry.I______tofixitthisweek,butI’vebeentoobusy.A.hadexpected;hadintended B.areexpecting;hadintendedC.expect;intend D.expected;intend13.—Alicecamebackhomethedaybeforeyesterday.—Really?Where______?A.hasshebeen B.hadshebeen C.hasshegone D.hadshegone14.MrGreenandIarefamiliarwitheachother;we______toeachotherataninternationalconference.A.areintroduced B.arebeingintroducedC.wereintroduced D.hadbeenintroduced15.—Didhenoticeyouentertheroom?—Idon’tthinkso.He______totheradiowithhiseyesshut.A.listened B.waslistening C.haslistened D.hadlistened16.TomandJackmetagaininthestreetthatday.Untilthen,they_____eachotherfornearlytwoyears.A.didn’tsee B.hadn’tseen C.haven’tseen D.haven’tbeenseen17.—Jane,doyoustillrememberthefirsttimewemet?—OfcourseIdo.You______inthelibrary.A.werereading B.hadread C.haveread D.read18.Alotofmyfriendswanttobuythatkindofclothbecausethey_____thecloth______well.A.havetold;washes B.havebeentold;washesC.wastold;washed D.havebeentold;iswashed19.Theyoungprofessortalkedforaboutnearlytwohoursyesterday.Never______himtalksomuch.A.Iheard B.didIhear C.Ihadheard D.hadIheard20.MsWang______totheofficethanshegotdowntowritingthereport.A.hasnosoonergot B.hadhardlygot C.nosoonergot D.hadnosoonergot21.Mydictionary______.Ihavelookedforiteverywherebutstill______it.A.haslost;don’tfind B.ismissing;don’tfindC.haslost;haven’tfound D.ismissing;haven’tfound22.—Excuseme,sir.Wouldyoudomeafavour?—Ofcourse.Whatisit?—I______ifyoucouldtakemetothestation.A.wouldwonder B.didwonder C.waswondering D.hadwondered23.—Hi,LiuTao.Idroppedinatyourhouseatabouttenlastnight,butyouweren’tin.—Oh,I______regularexerciseattheclub.A.did B.wasdoing C.haddone D.havebeendoing24.Allthepolicemen’sattentionwassuddenlycaughtbyasmalldustyboxwhich____placedinthecorneroftheroom.A.hasbeen B.wasbeing C.hadbeen D.wouldbe25.BythetimeIgothomeyesterday,myhusband_______cookingthedinner.A.hadfinished B.finished C.hasfinished D.finishes26.MyfriendaskedmewhetheritwasthefirsttimethatI______skiing.A.went B.hasgone C.hadgone D.wouldgo27.Toeveryone’ssurprise,MrSmith’ssonspentmuchmoremoneythanhe______onthejourney.A.willplan B.hasplanned C.wouldplan D.hadplanned28.Ifhe________tothemeetingyesterday,Iwouldhavemethim.A.hadcome B.came C.wouldcome D.wascoming29.Iwaslatefortheinterviewyesterday.I________theroadtobesocrowded.A.wouldn’texpect B.haven’texpected C.wasn’texpecting D.hadn’texpected30.—Howlonghadthehotel_______firewhenthefiremengotthere?—Foranhourorso.A.caught B.beencaught C.beenon D.beencatching二、用所給動詞的正確形式填空。1.Bythetimewegottotheairport,theplane_______(take)off.2.Thechildren________(have)thebookfortwoweeksbeforetheyreturnedittothelibrary.3.He______(study)Englishforfiveyearsbeforehecamehere.4.WhenIwokeupthismorning,Ifoundthatit________(stop)snowing.5.Theboy_____(notwatch)themoviebecausehehadwatchedittwice.6.Katetoldmethatitwasthesecondtimethatshe_______(go)skating.7.WhenJim_____(come)toChinatwoyearsago,hefoundpeopledidn’tunderstandhimatallthoughhe________(learn)someChineseinhisowncountry.8.IsawHanMeiyesterday.We_____(notsee)eachothersinceweleftBeijing.9.Ifyou_______(work)harder,youwouldhavepassedtheexamination.10.Nosoonerhadwegottherethanit______(begin)torain.三、句子改錯。1.Whenshegothomelastnight,herthreechildrenwenttobed.______________________________________________________________________2.Ididn’tgotoseethefirmbecauseIsawitbefore.

______________________________________________________________________3.Thewindwasstillblowing,buttherainhasstopped.

______________________________________________________________________4.Bytheendoflasttermwelearnedabout1,500Englishwords.______________________________________________________________________5.Jimgotseriouslyill.Hedidn’teatenanythingsinceTuesday.______________________________________________________________________四、中譯英。1.當我們到達電影院時，電影已經(jīng)開始十分鐘了。

______________________________________________________________________2.他們本來方案在上個周末前到達中國的。

______________________________________________________________________3.火車開出之前，所有的參觀者就已經(jīng)到了車站。______________________________________________________________________4.我告訴了我美國的朋友在過去的三十年里中國發(fā)生了巨大的變化。

______________________________________________________________________5.我原以為這是他第一次遲到。______________________________________________________________________五、真題回憶。1.Theflowersweresolovelythatthey______innotime.A.sold B.hadbeensold C.weresold D.wouldsell2.IknowalittlebitaboutItalyasmywifeandI______thereseveralyearsago.A.aregoing B.hadbeen C.went D.havebeen3.—Isthereanythingwrong,Bob?Youlooksad.—Oh,nothingmuch.Infact,I______ofmyfriendsbackhome.A.havejustthought B.wasjustthinkingC.wouldjustthink D.willjustbethinking4.—Tom,youdidn’tcometothepartylastnight?—I______,butIsuddenlyrememberedIhadhomeworktodo.A.hadto B.didn’t C.wasgoingto D.wouldn’t5.—Didyoutidyyourroom?—No,IwasgoingtotidymyroombutI______visitors.A.had B.have C.havehad D.willhave6.Withthehelpofhightechnology,moreandmorenewsubstances_______inthepastyears.A.discovered B.havediscoveredC.hadbeendiscovered D.havebeendiscovered7.They_______twofreeticketstoCanada,otherwisethey’dneverhavebeenabletoaffordtogo.A.hadgot B.got C.havegot D.get8.—DidPeterfixthecomputerhimself?—He_______,becausehedoesn'tknowmuchaboutcomputers.A.hasitfixed B.hadfixedit C.haditfixed D.fixedit9.Igotcaughtintherainandmysuit_______.A.hasruined B.hadruined C.hasbeenruined D.hadbeenruined10.—Itwasreallyverykindofyoutogivemealifthome.—Oh,don’tmentionit.I_______pastyourhouseanyway.A.wascoming B.willcome C.hadcome D.havecome11.—IsawJaneandherboyfriendintheparkateightyesterdayevening.—Impossible.She______TVwithmeinmyhomethen.A.watched B.hadwatched C.wouldwatch D.waswatching12.Astheyearspassed,manyoccasions—birthdays,awards,