寧德一中2022-2023高一（下）開(kāi)學(xué)考試卷

/11/11/準(zhǔn)考證號(hào):_______________姓名:__________________（在此卷上答題無(wú)效）寧德一中2022-2023高一（下）開(kāi)學(xué)考試卷英語(yǔ)試卷（本試題卷共10頁(yè)。全卷滿分150分?？荚囉脮r(shí)120分鐘。）友情提示:請(qǐng)將所有答案填寫(xiě)到答題卡上!請(qǐng)不要錯(cuò)位、越界答題!第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatcolouristheman'scar?A.Blue. B.Green. C.White.2.Whydoesn'tthewomanneedtoprovideherage?A.Itisonlyrequiredforchildren.B.Itisonlyrequiredforpatients.C.Itisonlyrequiredfordoctors.3.Howlongisthewomanlate?A.Onehour. B.Twohours C.Threehours.4.Whatwillthemandothisweekend?A.Seesomefriends. B.Haveapicnic.C.Gotothebeach.5.Wherewillthemanbebefore7:00?A.Athome. B.Attheoffice. C.Atarestaurant.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.HowdoesLindalooktoday?A.Sad.B.Happy.C.Angry.7.WholiveswithLindanow?A.Herdaughter.B.Hermother.C.Herbrother.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.WhatwasMattreadingtoday?A.Amagazine. B.Anewspaper. C.Astorybook.9.WhichteachersaidMattneedstoimproveinmath?A.Ms.Anderson. B.Ms.Smith. C.Ms.Fitz.10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Acouple. B.Neighbours. C.Co-workers.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inamuseum. B.Inazoo. C.Inaschool.12.Howmuchdoesaticketcostnow?A. $5 B. $25 C.$3013.Whatanimalswillthespeakersseenext?A.Monkeys. B.Elephants C.Lions.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14/AWVicHisclosetothehouse?A.Therestaurant. B.Thepark. C.Themarket.15.Whenwillthemanprobablymovein?A.Inoneweek. B.Intwoweeks. C.Inthreeweeks.16.Onwhichdaywillthemantakethekeys?A.Thursday. B.Friday. C.Saturday.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Wherewasthewomanlastmonth?A.InAustralia. B.InAmerica. C.InFrance.18.Whatwasthewoman'sjobinFrance?A.Ateacher. B.Adoctor. C.Anactress.19.Howoldisthewoman?A.35. B.40. C.50.20.Whatisthemainpointofthespeech?A.Areportofaresearch.B.Amovieaboutdeserts.C.Anintroductiontoaguest.第二部分閱讀理解（共2節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共11小題，每題2.5分，滿分27.5分）AIfyouareplanningtostartacareerinthefieldofeducation，science，orculture，thenaninternship（實(shí)習(xí)）atUNESCOwillbeidealforyou．Whocanapply？?Youhavecompletedyourfull-timeuniversitystudies；or．?Youarestudyinginagraduateprogramforamaster'sdegree．?Applicantsintechnicalassignmentsmusthavereachedthelastyearoftheirstudiesinatechnicalinstitution．Whataretherequirements？?Youmustbeatleast20yearsold．?Youshouldhaveagoodcommand（掌握）ofeitherEnglishorFrench．?Youmusthaveanexcellentknowledgeofoffice-relatedsoftware．?Youshouldbeabletoworkwellinateamandadapttoaninternationalworkingenvironment．?Youshouldpossessstronginterpersonalandcommunicationskills．Whatdoyouneedtoprepare？?Visa：Youshouldobtainthenecessaryvisas．?Travel：Youmustarrangeandfinanceyourtraveltoandfromthelocationwhereyouwilldoyourinternship．?Medicalinsurance：Youmustshowproofofacomprehensivehealthinsurancevalid（有效的）inthetargetcountryfortheentireperiodoftheinternship．UNESCOwillprovidelimitedinsurancecoverageuptoUSD30,000fortheinternshipperiod．?Medicalcertificate：Youmustprovideamedicalcertificateindicatingyouarefittowork．?Motivationletter：Youshouldhaveyourmotivationletterreadybeforefillingouttheapplicationform．YourapplicationwillbeaccessedbyUNESCOmanagersandwillstayinourdatabaseforsixmonths．Wedonotrespondtoeverycandidate．Ifselected，youwillbecontactedbyamanager．Ifyoudonotreceiveanyupdatewithinsixmonths，itmeansthatyourapplicationhasnotbeensuccessful．21.Accordingtothispassage，applicantsarerequiredto________．A.holdamaster'sdegreeinscienceB.haveinternationalworkexperienceC.befluentineitherEnglishorFrenchD.presentaletterfromatechnicalinstitution22.WhatwillUNESCOprovidefortheinternshipperiod？A.Limitedmedicalinsurancecoverage．B.Trainingincommunicationskills．C.Amedicalcertificateforwork．D.Financialsupportfortravel．23.Whatshouldapplicantsdobeforefillingouttheapplicationform？A.ContactUNESCOmanagers．B.Getaccesstothedatabase．C.Keepamotivationletterathand．D.Workinateamforsixmonths．Bhome.Sheayoungwomannoticedastrangefossil(化石)onabeachnearLymeRegis,England.Shedugoutthebonesandhadthemcarriedtoherhome.Shecarefullyarrangedtheskeleton(骨架)onatable.Thenshesawsomethingextraordinary.Thecreature’sneckwasameterlong-morethanhalfthelengthofitsbody.ItwasunlikeanyanimallivingonEarth.Evenatayoungage,MaryAnninghadatalentforspottingunusualfossils.Herfatherdiedinin.debteavingherfamilyin.debt,soMarybegansellingherfossilstocollectors.At12,shemadeherfirstmajordiscovery—acrocodile-likeskull(頭骨)withalongskeleton.Itturnedouttobeaseacreaturethatlivedlongago.Namedichthyosaur,or“fish-lizard”,itwasthefirstextinctanimalknowntoscience.Fossilhuntingbroughtinmoney,butitwasadangerousjob.Oneday,arockfallkilledherdogandalmostburiedMary.Despitethedangers,shecontinuedtolookformewfindsThelong-neckedfossilsheunearthedin1823wasanotherlong-deadseareptile(爬行動(dòng)物).Knownasaplesiosaur,itwouldinspirelegends—includingthatoftheLochNessMonster.Marywasnotonlyaskilledfossilhunter;shealsocarefullyexaminedandrecordedherfinds.However,shewasn’twidelyrecognizedinthescientificcommunity.Onlyoneofherscientificwritingsgotpublishedinherlifetime,in1839.ShewasalsonotallowedtojoinLondon’sGeologicalSociety,asmembershipwasonlyavailabletomen.MaryAnningdiedin1847,buthercontributionshavenotbeenforgotten.HerfindsarenowdisplayedinmuseumsinLondonandParis.ThebeachnearherhomeisaUNFSCOWorldHeritageSite,knownastheJurassicCoast.Herlifecontinuestoinspirevisitorshopingtofindtheirownfossilwonders.AccordingtoBritain’sNaturalHistoryMuseum,MaryAnningwas“thogreatestfossilhuntertheworldhaseverknown”.Thefirstparagraphiswrittento_________.A.stressthehardworkMaryAnningcarriedoutB.provetheuniquenessofMaryAnning;sfindsC.introducethereaderstoMaryAnning;sstoryD.showtheimportanceofMaryAnning;sdiscovery25.WhatcanbeknownaboutMaryAnning’sfossilhuntingexperience?Hermainpurposewastomakescientificcontributions.Shefoundithardtomakeendsmeetasafossilhunter.Shemadeherfirstmajordiscoveryin1823.D.Shehadanarrowescapefromarockfall.26.Whichofthefollowingwouldtheauthorprobablyagreewith?MaryAnningdeservedmorecredit.Morepeopleshouldjoininfossilhunting.TheJurassicCoastisinneedofprotection.D.MaryAnningisthegreatestscientistintheworld.27.Howisthepassagemainlydeveloped?Byprovidingexamples.B.Bymakingcomparisons.C.Byfollowingtheorderoftime.D.Byfollowingtheorderofimportance.CLanguageshavebeencomingandgoingforthousandsofyears,butinrecenttimestherehasbeenlesscomingandalotmoregoing.Whentheworldwasstillpopulatedbyhunter-gatherers,small,tightlyknit(聯(lián)系)groupsdevelopedtheirownpatternsofspeechindependentofeachother.Somelanguageexpertsbelievethat10,000yearsago,whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople,theyspokeperhaps12,000languagesbetweenthem.Soonafterwards,manyofthosepeoplestartedsettlingdowntobecomefarmers,andtheirlanguagestoobecamemoresettledandfewerinnumber.Inrecentcenturies,trade,industrialization,thedevelopmentofthenation-stateandthespreadofuniversalcompulsoryeducation,especiallyglobalisationandbettercommunicationsinthepastfewdecades,allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear,anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish,SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,800languages.Thedistributionoftheselanguagesishugelyuneven.Thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfewlanguages.Oftenspokenbymanypeoplewhilehot,wetzoneshavelots,oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.Europehasonlyaround200Languages:theAmericasabout1,000,Africa2,400;andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3,200,ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsforwellover800.Themediannumber(中位數(shù))ofspeakersisamere6，000,whichmeansthathalftheworldslanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.Alreadywellover400ofthetotalof6,800languagesareclosetoextinction(消亡),withonlyafewelderlyspeakersleft.Pick,atrandom,BusuuinCameroon(eightremainingspeakers),ChiapanecoinMexico(150).LipanApacheintheUnitedStates(twoorthree)orWadjiguinAustralia(one,withaquestion-mark):noneoftheseseemstohavemuchchanceofsurvival.28.Whatcanweinferaboutlanguagesinhunter-gatherertimes?Theydevelopedveryfast.Theywerelargeinnumber.Theyhadsimilarpatters.D.Theywerecloselyconnected29.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains"dominant"underlinedinparagraph2？Complex.B.Advanced.C.Powerful.D.Modern.30.Howmanylanguagesarespokenbylessthan6,000peopleatpresent?A.About6,800.B.About3,400About2,400D.About1,200.31.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Newlanguageswillbecreated.B.Peopleslifestylesarereflectedinlanguages.C.Humandevelopmentresultsinfewerlanguages.D.Geographydetermineslanguageevolution.第二節(jié)（共5小題，每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。ForgivenessToforgiveisavirtue,butnoonehaseversaiditiseasy.Whensomeonehasdeeplyhurtyou,itcanbeextremelydifficulttoletgoofyourhate.However,forgivenessispossible,anditcanbesurprisinglybeneficialtoyourphysicalandmentalhealth.Peoplewhoforgiveshowlesssadness,angerandstressandmorehopefulness,accordingtoarecentresearch.32Trythefollowingsteps:Calmyourself.33Youcantakeacoupleofbreathsandthinkofsomethingthatgivesyoupleasure:abeautifulsceneinnature,orsomeoneyoulove.Don’twaitforanapology.Manytimesthepersonwhohurtyoudoesnotintendtoapologize.Theymayhavewantedtohurtyouortheyjustdon’tseethingsthesameway.34Keepinmindthatforgivenessdoesnotnecessarilymeanbecomingfriendsagainwiththepersonwhoupsetyou.Takethecontrolawayfromyouroffender(冒犯者).Rethinkingaboutyourhurtgivespowertothepersonwhocausesyoupain.Insteadoffocusingonyourwoundedfeelings,learntolookforthelove,beautyandkindnessaroundyou.35Ifyouunderstandyouroffender,youmayrealizethatheorshewasactingoutofunawareness,fear,andevenlove.Youmaywanttowritealettertoyourselffromyouroffender’spointofview.Don’tforgettoforgiveyourself.36Butitcanrobyouofyourself-confidenceifyoudon’tdoit.A.Whyshouldyouforgive?B.Howshouldyoustarttoforgive?C.Recognizethebenefitsofforgiveness.D.Trytoseethingsfromyouroffender’sangle(角度).E.Forsomepeople,forgivingthemselvesisthebiggestchallenge.F.Ifyouwaitforpeopletoapologize,youcouldbewaitingalongtime.G.Tomakeyourangerdieaway,tryasimplestress-managementtechnique.第三部分完形填空（共15題，每題1分，滿分15分）Aweekago,mydaughtersaid,“Mom,Idon’tthinkI’mveryathletic.”I’veobservedherinvarioussports,andsheisjustlikeme:twoleftfeet.Butevenknowingit,myfirstinstinct(本能)wastosnowherwithsome____37____“Oh,you’reactnallygoodatsports!”Iheldback,however,andafterthinkingtwice,Itoldherthe____38____:“No,you’rekindofnot.”AndIcouldseeithurtabit.SoI____39____:“Dear,everyonemayhaveanaturaltalentforsomething.Likeyouand____40____:You’rea5thgraderandreadCharlesDickens.Butwealsohavethingswearenot____41____.Ifwewanttoreachasatisfactorylevelatthosethings,wehaveto____42____twicetheeffortandifwewantto____43____weneedtotryevenharder.”Shewasnodding.Shetotally____44____it.Why?Becauseit’sthetruth.SometimesIwonderwhywerunaroundtellingourkidssomerubbishthatdon’teven____45____whentheycanactuallyacceptthetruth.Besides,whentheyrealizewearelying,we____46____ourcredibility.Iwantmykidstohavea___47___understandingofthemselvessotheywon’t第7頁(yè)/共10頁(yè)be____48____whenthingsgettough.TheycanbeOlympians,butnobodyisgoingtobandittothemand____49____mayworkagainstthem.Theywillunderstandthatmanythings____50____anearlyhugeamountofWORK.Theycan’tjustexpectsomethingtohappen.They____51____ithappen.37.A.senseB.adviceC.rubbishD.love38.A.ideaB.truthC.newsD.lie39.A.repliedB.addedC.commentedD.repeated40.A.learningB.speakingC.readingD.writing41.A.fondofB.amazedatC.goodatD.interestedin42.A.putinB.putawayC.putupD.putoff43.A.improveB.excelC.passD.continue44.A.gotB.forgotC.madeD.did45.A.takeplaceB.getaroundC.comealongD.makesense46.A.developB.damageC.ignoreD.value47.A.heart-feltB.hot-headedC.right-sizedD.good-natured48.A.tiredB.shockedC.excitedD.inspired49.A.natureB.timeC.historyD.experience50.A.performB.increaseC.requireD.change51.A.watchB.letC.helpD.make第四部分語(yǔ)法填空（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Earthquakesarequitecommon.Infact,thousandsofearthquakesarehappeningalmostateverymoment.However,mostof52(they)aretooweaktofeel.Duringabigearthquake,thereisoftenabignoisefirst.Thentheearthshakes53(terrible)andmanyhousesfalldown.Asoneofthemostdeadlynaturaldisastersintheworld,theearthquakeoftenresult54manypeoplebeinginjuredorkilled.In2008,aterribleearthquake55(strike)China’sSichuanProvince,causingseverecasualties.Besidesthegreatdamageanddeaths56(cause)bytheearthquake,otheraccidentssuchasfiresoftenfollow.Morebuildingsmaybedamagedandmoreinjuriesmaybecaused.For57(century),peoplehavebeenmakingstudiesofearthquakes.About2,000yearsago,forexample,58ChinesescientistnamedZhangHenginventedamachine59couldfindoutthedirectionwheretheearthquakewavescame.Withtherapid60(develop)ofmodernscienceandtechnology,wenowknowalotmoreaboutearthquakes.However,itisstilldifficultforscientists61(predict)exactlywhenandwheretheearthquakewillhappen,andcan’tstopitfromhappening.第二卷（非選擇題共55分）第一節(jié)短語(yǔ)填空（共10小題，每小題1.5分，滿分15分）選擇適當(dāng)?shù)亩陶Z(yǔ)并用正確的形式補(bǔ)全句子，使句子完整。（其中有2項(xiàng)是多余的）givewaytokeepbalancegetaroundwatchoverfallapartdependontakepartin62.Rightnow.Thekangaroos________bymanyvolunteers.63.Therecomesatimewhentheoldmust_________thenew.64.WhetherwecangoforapicnicthisSunday__________theweatheratthattime.65.Dianahadaworkableplantopayforcollegeforhertwins,butthenherhusbandbecameunemployed,andtheplan_________.66.He__________animportantraceacrosstheAtlantictheotherday.第二節(jié)單詞拼寫(xiě)根據(jù)首字母或所給的漢語(yǔ)提示，寫(xiě)出單詞的正確形式。（答題卷上需寫(xiě)出單詞的完整形式）67.However,dangerousconditionsanddamagedroadswillmakeitdifficulttod______foodandsupplies.68.AsChinaplaysagreaterroleing_________affairs,moreandmoreinternationalstudentsarebeginningtoappreciateChina’scultureandhistory.69.Symbolswerec_________onanimalbonesandshellsbyancientChinesepeople.70.Onlywhenwelearntoexistinh_________withnaturecanwestopbeingathreattowildlifeandourplanet.71.Doesthewritergiveaclear_____________(描述)oftheproblem?第三節(jié)寫(xiě)作第一部分書(shū)面表達(dá)（15分）你的英國(guó)朋友Jim所在的學(xué)校要組織學(xué)生來(lái)中國(guó)旅行，有兩條線路可以選擇：“長(zhǎng)江之行”或者“泰山之旅”。Jim來(lái)信希望你能給些建議。請(qǐng)你給他回信，內(nèi)容包括：1.你推薦的線路；2.你的理由；3.你的祝愿。2.可適當(dāng)添加細(xì)節(jié)，使行文連貫3.如書(shū)寫(xiě)較差影響理解，降一個(gè)檔次給分。注意：字?jǐn)?shù)在100左右參考詞長(zhǎng)江：theYangtzeRiver泰山MountTai_______________________________________________________________________________________________________第二部分.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。（25分）Severalyearsago,IwaslivinginNewYorkandworkingforanairline,soInevergotbackhomeforChristmas.MyChristmaswashappytoowithsomeothercolleaguesaround.Butinmyheart,IwassadbecauseIcouldn'tstaywithmy