高三英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)專題-主旨大意題

主旨大意題真題感悟（完成每個(gè)語段后的選擇題。）（一）學(xué)通法——把握主旨大意3eq\a\vs4\al(方法)方法（一）尋找主題句[典例1]Honey(蜂蜜)fromtheAfricanforestisnotonlyakindofnaturalsugar,butitisalsodelicious.Mostpeopleandmanyanimalslikeeatingit.However,theonlywayforthemtogetthathoneyistofindawildbees'nest(巢)andtakethehoneyfromit.Often,thesenestsarehighupintrees,anditisdifficulttofindthem.InpartsofAfrica,though,peopleandanimalslookingforhoneyhaveastrangeandunexpectedhelper—alittlebirdcalledahoneyguide.Thehoneyguidedoesnotactuallylikehoney,butitdoeslikethewax(蜂蠟)inthebeehives(蜂房).Thelittlebirdcannotreachthiswax,whichisdeepinsidethebees'nest.So,whenitfindsasuitablenest,itlooksforsomeonetohelpit.Thehoneyguidegivesaloudcrythatattractstheattentionofbothpassinganimalsandpeople.Onceithastheirattention,itfliesthroughtheforest,waitingfromtimetotimeforthecuriousanimalorpersonasitleadsthemtothenest.Whentheyfinallyarriveatthenest,thefollowerreachesintogetatthedelicioushoneyasthebirdpatientlywaitsandwatches.Someofthehoney,andthewax,alwaysfallstotheground,andthisiswhenthehoneyguidetakesitsshare.Scientistsdonotknowwhythehoneyguidelikeeatingthewax,butitisverydeterminedinitseffortstogetit.Thebirdsseemtobeabletosmellwaxfromalongdistanceaway.Theywillquicklyarrivewheneverabeekeeperistakinghoneyfromhisbeehives,andwillevenenterchurcheswhenbeeswaxcandlesarebeinglit.1．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext? A．WildBees B．WaxandHoney C．BeekeepinginAfrica D．Honey-Lover'sHelper[典例2]WhenIwasaboytherewerenosmartphones,andourtelevisiononlygotonechannelclearly.Still,Ineverfeltbored.Thefields,hillsandwoodlandsaroundmyhomeweretheperfectplaygroundwhoseadventureswereonlylimitedbymyimagination.Icanrememberoncehikingtonearbylakeandwalkingslowlyaroundit.AtthebackofitIwasamazedtofindanolddirtroadthatIhadneverseenbefore.Itwasfullofmuddytyre(輪胎)tracksanddeepwoodsbordereditonbothsides,butexploringitstillseemedlikeafineadventure.Iwalkedonandonforwhatseemedlikehours.Iwassuremyguardianangelwaswhisperinginmyears“turnaroundandheadbackhome”，butIwasstubbornandwalkedon.Therewasstillneitheracarnorahouseinsight.InoticedthatthesunwasstartingtogodownandIgrewscared.Ididn'twanttoenduptrappedonthisroad,andIwasworriedthatitwouldbedarkbeforeIcouldmakemywaybacktothelakeagain.Icontinuedtowalkonwithsomethinggrowinginsideofme.Myheartwaspoundingandmylegswereaching.IwasalmostintearswhenIsawsomethinginthedistance.ItwasahousethatIrecognized.Ijumpedupanddownandlaughedoutloud.Itwasstilloveramileaway,butmylegsfeltlikefeathersandIhurriedbacktomyhouseinnotime.Iwalkedinwithabigsmileonmyfacejustintimefordinner.ThenIendedmyadventurewithagoodnight'ssleep.Ioftenthoughtofthatexperiencerecently.Actually,inourlife,allroads,nomatterhowtheytwistandturn,canleadushomeagain.Theycanleadustoourhomesinourhearts.Mayyoualwayswalkyourpathwithlove!Mayyoualwayshelpyourfellowtravelersalongtheway!Andmayyourroadsalwaysleadyouhomeagain!2．Whatmaybethebesttitleforthepassage? A．EveryEffortIsWorthwhile B．AllRoadsLeadHome C．BeDeterminedinYourLife D．BeBravetoAdventure[典例3]Attendingcollegecanbeexpensive,andapplyingtocollegecan_becostlyaswell.Withtoday'scollegeapplicationfeesaveragingaround$80,youcanexpecttospendhundredsofdollarsoncollegebeforeyouareevenacceptedintoaschool.Oneoftheeasiestwaystosavemoneyoncollegeapplicationfeesbeforeyoubeginapplyingistonarrowdownyourlistofschools.Tosavemoney,trytolimittheschoolstowhichyouapplytoabout2－3reachschoolsand2－3safetyschools.Atsomeschools,beingarelativeofagraduatecansecureyouafreeapplication.Ifyouareapplyingtoaschoolwhereoneofyourparentsorgrandparentsisaformergraduate,checktoseeifyou'requalifiedforit.Researchthepreferredmethodofapplyingforeachschoolonyourlist.Someschoolsofferfreeonlineapplications,yetchargeafeeforpapersubmissions.Thisisbecauseonlineapplicationssaveschoolsthecostofemployingastaffmembertophysicallyentertheapplicationinformation.Severalstates,suchasMichiganandNorthCarolina,takepartinCollegeApplicationWeek,wheremanyschoolsintheparticipatingstatescanceltheirapplicationfeefortheweek.BesuretocontacttheschoolstowhichyouareapplyingtoseeiftheyparticipateinCollegeApplicationWeekandwhentheprogramtakesplaceinthatstate.Applyforearlyadmission.Ifyouhavealreadydecidedonwhichcollegeisyourtopchoice,considerapplyingunderanEarlyActionorEarlyDecisionadmissionprogram.Ifyouareaccepted,youwon'thavetosubmitapplicationfeestootherschools.Formoreinformationregardingcollegeapplicationsandthefeesassociatedwiththem,contactyourhighschooladvisorortheadmissionsdepartmentatyourschool(s)ofinterest.3．Thepassageismainlywrittento________. A．introducefamousuniversitiesintheUnitedStates B．showsomepracticalwaystoapplyanidealcollege C．a(chǎn)dvertiseforsuccessfulapplicationsandadvisors D．offertipstosavemoneyoncollegeapplicationfees方法（二）梳理故事的主線記敘文通常講述一個(gè)有趣的故事或是某人一段刻骨銘心的經(jīng)歷。記敘文類文章都有一個(gè)主線，全文圍繞這個(gè)主線組織材料。如果考生能夠找到全文的主線，理清故事的人物以及故事發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、經(jīng)過和最終的結(jié)果，就能概括出文章的大意?？忌鷳?yīng)從分析文章的結(jié)構(gòu)入手，把握全文的主線，即句與句、段與段之間的邏輯關(guān)系，最后歸納出文章的主旨大意。[典例4]ArrivinginSydneyonhisownfromIndia,myhusband,Rashid,stayedinahotelforashorttimewhilelookingforahouseformeandourchildren.Duringthefirstweekofhisstay,hewentoutonedaytodosomeshopping.Hecamebackinthelateafternoontodiscoverthathissuitcasewasgone.Hewasextremelyworriedasthesuitcasehadallhisimportantpapers,includinghispassport.Hereportedthecasetothepoliceandthensatthere，lostandlonelyinastrangecity,thinkingoftheterribletroublesofgettingallthepaperworkorganisedagainfromadistantcountrywhiletryingtosettledowninanewone.Lateintheevening,thephonerang.Itwasastranger.Hewastryingtopronouncemyhusband'snameandwasaskinghimalotofquestions.Thenhesaidtheyhadfoundapileofpapersintheirtrashcan(垃圾桶)thathadbeenleftoutonthefootpath.Myhusbandrushedtotheirhometofindakindfamilyholdingallhispapersanddocuments.Theiryoungdaughterhadgonetothetrashcanandfoundapileofunfamiliarpapers.Herparentshadcarefullysortedthemout,althoughtheyhadfoundmainlyforeignaddressesonmostofthedocuments.Atlasttheyhadseenahalf-writtenletterinthepileinwhichmyhusbandhadgivenhisnewtelephonenumbertoafriend.Thatfamilynotonlyrestored(歸還)theimportantdocumentstousthatdaybutalsorestoredourfaithandtrustinpeople.Westillremembertheirkindnessandoftensendawarmwishtheirway.4．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext? A．FromIndiatoAustralia B．LivinginaNewCountryC．TurningTrashtoTreasure D．InSearchofNewFriends方法（三）尋找高頻詞[典例5]Ifyouarearecentsocialsciencegraduatewhohashadtolistentojokesaboutunemploymentfromyourcomputermajorclassmates,youmayhavehadthelastlaugh.Therearemanyadvantagesforthesocialsciencemajorbecausethishigh-tech“InformationAge”demandspeoplewhoareflexible(靈活的)andwhohavegoodcommunicationskills.Therearemanysocialsciencemajorsinlargecompanieswhofillimportantpositions.Forexample,anumberofresearchstudiesfoundthatsocialsciencemajorshadachievedgreatermanagerialsuccessthanthosewhohadtechnicaltrainingorpre-professionalcourses.Studiesshowthatsocialsciencemajorsaremostsuitedforchange,whichistheleadingfeature(特點(diǎn))ofthekindofhighspeed,high-pressure,high-techworldwenowlivein.Socialsciencemajorsarenotonlyexperiencingsuccessintheirlong-termcompanyjob,buttheyarealsofindingjobsmoreeasily.Astudyshowedthatmanycompanieshadfilledalargepercentageoftheirentry-levelpositionswithsocialsciencegraduates.Thestudyalsoshowedthatthemostsought-afterqualityinapersonwhowaslookingforajobwascommunicationskills,notedas“veryimportant”，by92percentofthecompanies.Socialsciencemajorshavetheseskills,oftenwithoutknowinghowimportanttheyare.Itisprobablyduetotheseskillsthattheyhavebeenofferedawidevarietyofpositions.Finally,althoughsomesocialsciencemajorsmaystillfinditmoredifficultthantheirtechnicallytrainedclassmatestolandthefirstjob,recentgraduatesreportthattheydon'tregrettheirchoiceofstudy.5．Whatisthetextmainlyabout? A．Theadvantagesofsocialsciencemajorshave.B．Whysocialsciencegraduatesaremorepopular. C．Wheresocialsciencemajorsholdimportantpositions. D．Whatleadslargecompaniestofavorsocialsciencemajors.二、析題型3大?？碱}型例析題型(一)標(biāo)題歸納題——活用3方法1．常見設(shè)問方式Thebesttitleofthepassageis_________.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?Themostappropriatetitleofthepassageis______.2．明確一個(gè)好的標(biāo)題應(yīng)具備三大特點(diǎn)(1)概括性——能概括全文內(nèi)容并體現(xiàn)文章的主旨；(2)針對(duì)性——標(biāo)題外延正好與文章內(nèi)容相符；(3)醒目性——語言精練有吸引力。3．巧用3大方法確定文章標(biāo)題(1)正面肯定法：在理解文章主旨的基礎(chǔ)上，揣摩哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)能準(zhǔn)確概括主旨；(2)反面否定法：撇開原文，拿各個(gè)備選項(xiàng)去設(shè)想用它們寫出來的“文章”將是什么內(nèi)容，然后和原文章對(duì)照，一一排除不符選項(xiàng)；(3)研讀備選項(xiàng)本身：研讀備選項(xiàng)里面的中心詞，對(duì)照原文，看其是否是文章論述的焦點(diǎn)；研讀修飾詞的變化，找出其中的不同，作為篩選正確答案的依據(jù)；研讀各備選項(xiàng)的概括性，排除過于具體化、細(xì)節(jié)化的選項(xiàng)。eq\a\vs4\al([典例示范1])(2019·江蘇高考閱讀D節(jié)選)The65-year-oldSteveGoodwinwasfoundsufferingfromearlyAlzheimer's(阿爾茲海默癥).Hewaslosinghismemory.Asoftwareengineerbyprofession,Stevewasakeenloverofthepiano,andtheonlymusicianinhisfamily.Musicwashistruepassion,thoughhehadneverperformedoutsidethefamily.Melissa,hisdaughter,feltitmorethanworthwhiletosavehismusic,towhichshefellasleepeachnightwhenshewasyoung.Shethoughtabouthiringaprofessionalpianisttoworkwithherfather.Naomi,Melissa'sbestfriendandatalentedpianist,gottoknowaboutthisandshowedwillingnesstohelp.“Whydothis？”Stevewondered.“Becauseshecares.”Melissasaid.Stevenodded,tearineye.NaomidrovetotheGoodwinhome.ShetoldSteveshe'dlovetohearhimplay.Stevemovedtothepianoandsatatthebench,handstremblingashegentlyplacedhisfingersonthekeys.Naomiputasmallrecordernearthepiano.Startsandstopsandmistakes.Longpauses,heartsinking.ButStevepressedon,playingforthefirsttimeinhislifeforastranger.“Itwasbeautiful，”Naomisaidafterlisteningtotherecording.“Themusicwasworthsaving.”Herresponsibility,herprivilege,wouldbetorescueit.ThemusicwasstillinSteveGoodwin.Itwashiddeninroomswithdoorsabouttobelocked.NaomiandStevemeteveryotherweekandspenthourstogether.He'dmovehisfingersclumsilyonthepiano,andthenshe'dtakehisplace.Hestruggledtoexplainwhatheheardinhishead.Hestoodbythepiano,eyesclosed,listeningforthefirsttimetohisownworkbeingplayedbysomeoneelse.SteveandNaomispokeinmusicalcode:lines,beats,intervals,movingfromtheroottoendasonginanewkey.Steveheardit.Allofit.Hejustcouldn'tplayit.WorkingwithNaomididwondersforSteve.Ithadexcitedwithinhimthebeliefhecouldwriteonelastsong.Oneday,Naomireceivedanemail.Attachedwasarecording,arecordingoflossandlove,ofthefight.Stevecalledit“MelancholyFlower.”Naomiheardmultiplestopsandstarts.Stevestruggling,searchingwhilehiswifeJonicalledhim“honey”andencouragedhim.Thetaskwassohard,andSteve,angryandupset,saidhewasquitting.Jonipraisedhim,tellingherhusbandthiscouldbehissignaturepiece.Naomimanagedtofigureout16ofSteve'sfavorite,andmostpersonal,songs.WithNaomi'shelp,theGoodwinfamilyfoundasoundengineertorecordNaomiplayingSteve'ssongs.Jonithoughtthatwouldbetheend.Butitwasn't.Inthemonthsleadinguptothe2016OregonRepertorySingersChristmasconcert,Naomitoldthedirectorshehadaspecialoneinmind:“MelancholyFlower.”ShetoldthedirectoraboutherprojectwithSteve.Thedirectoragreedtoaddittotheplayinglist.ButNaomiwouldhavetoaskSteve'spermission.Heconsidereditanhonor.Aftertheconcert,NaomitoldthefamilythatSteve'smusicwasbeautifulandprofessional.Itneededtobesharedinpublic.ThefamilyrentedaformerchurchindowntownPortlandandscheduledaconcert.Bythedayoftheshow,morethan300peoplehadsaidtheywouldattend.Bythen,Stevewashavingahardtimerememberingthenamesofsomeofhisfriends.Heknewthepathhislifewasnowtaking.Hetoldhisfamilyhewasatpeace.Stevearrivedandsatinthefrontrow,surroundedbyhisfamily.Thehouselightsfaded.Naomitookthestage.Herfingers.Hisheart.70．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage? A．TheKindnessofFriends B．ThePowerofMusic C．TheMakingofaMusician D．TheValueofDetermination題型(二)文章大意題——掌握4個(gè)小竅門1．常見設(shè)問方式·What'sthemainidea/pointofthepassage?·Thepassageismainlyabout________.·Thepassageismainlyconcernedabout________.·Whichofthefollowingbeststatesthemainideaofthepassage?·Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestexpressesthemainidea/themeofthepassage?·Inthispassagetheauthordiscussesprimarily________.·Thesubjectdiscussedinthistextis________.·Thegeneral/mainideaofthepassageisabout________.2．掌握尋找主題句的4個(gè)小竅門，快速確定文章大意找出每小段的主題句。各段的主題句常在該段的首句或尾句，各段主題句的整體歸納便是文章的中心思想。有的文章無明顯主題句，主題句隱含在段意之中，這就需要進(jìn)一步加工概括。觀察全文的結(jié)構(gòu)安排，理解文章的“重心”和支撐性細(xì)節(jié)。用瀏覽法(skimming)，即快速閱讀文首、文尾，或每段的首句和尾句等，搜索主題線索和主題信息的方法可以快速找到主題句。以下是找主題句的4個(gè)小竅門：eq\a\vs4\al([典例示范2])(2018·全國卷Ⅰ閱讀C節(jié)選)Languageshavebeencomingandgoingforthousandsofyears,butinrecenttimestherehasbeenlesscomingandalotmoregoing.Whentheworldwasstillpopulatedbyhunter-gatherers,small,tightlyknit(聯(lián)系)groupsdevelopedtheirownpatternsofspeechindependentofeachother.Somelanguageexpertsbelievethat10,000yearsago,whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople,theyspokeperhaps12,000languagesbetweenthem.Soonafterwards,manyofthosepeoplestartedsettlingdowntobecomefarmers,andtheirlanguagestoobecamemoresettledandfewerinnumber.Inrecentcenturies,trade,industrialisation,thedevelopmentofthenation-stateandthespreadofuniversalcompulsoryeducation,especiallyglobalisationandbettercommunicationsinthepastfewdecades,allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear,anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish,SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,800languages.Thedistributionoftheselanguagesishugelyuneven.Thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfewlanguages,oftenspokenbymanypeople,whilehot,wetzoneshavelots,oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.Europehasonlyaround200languages;theAmericasabout1,000;Africa2,400;andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3,200,ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsforwellover800.Themediannumber(中位數(shù))ofspeakersisamere6,000,whichmeansthathalftheworld'slanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.Alreadywellover400ofthetotalof6,800languagesareclosetoextinction(消亡),withonlyafewelderlyspeakersleft.Pick,atrandom,BusuuinCameroon(eightremainingspeakers),ChiapanecoinMexico(150),LipanApacheintheUnitedStates(twoorthree)orWadjiguinAustralia(one,withaquestion-mark):noneoftheseseemstohavemuchchanceofsurvival.31．Whatisthemainideaofthetext? A．Newlanguageswillbecreated. B．People'slifestylesarereflectedinlanguages. C．Humandevelopmentresultsinfewerlanguages. D．Geographydetermineslanguageevolution.題型(三)段落大意題——2方法破解1．常見設(shè)問方式·WhatdoestheauthortellusinParagraph...?·Themainideaofthesecondparagraphprobablyis______.·Thefirstparagraphismainlyabout________.·WhichofthefollowingcanbestsummarizePara.1?2．兩方法破解段落大意題eq\a\vs4\al([典例示范3])(2019·江蘇高考閱讀B節(jié)選)Mostofus,whenwetalkaboutvolcanoes,thinkoftheclassiccone(圓錐體)shapesofaFujiorKilimanjaro,whicharecreatedwheneruptingmagma(巖漿)pilesup.Thesecanformremarkablyquickly.In1943,aMexicanfarmerwassurprisedtoseesmokerisingfromasmallpartofhisland.Inoneweekhewastheconfusedownerofaconefivehundredfeethigh.Withintwoyearsithadtoppedoutatalmostfourteenhundredfeetandwasmorethanhalfamileacross.AltogethertherearesometenthousandofthesevolcanoesonEarth,allbutafewhundredofthemextinct.Thereis,however,asecondlessknowntypeofvolcanothatdoesn'tinvolvemountainbuilding.Thesearevolcanoessoexplosivethattheyburstopeninasinglebigcrack,leavingbehindavasthole,thecaldera.Yellowstoneobviouslywasofthissecondtype,butChristiansencouldn'tfindthecalderaanywhere.59．Whatdoesthesecondparagraphmainlytalkabout? A．Theshapesofvolcanoes. B．Theimpactsofvolcanoes. C．Theactivitiesofvolcanoes. D．Theheightsofvolcanoes.三、隨堂體驗(yàn)：閱讀下列文章，選擇最佳答案（注意主旨大意題的選擇）。AIt’sabrandnewworld—aworldbuiltaroundbrands.Hardcharging,noisemaking,cultureshapingbrandsareeverywhere.They’reonsupermarketshelves,ofcourse,butalsoinbusinessplansfordotcomstartupsandinthenamesofsportscomplexes.Brandsareinfiltrating(滲透)people’severydaylives—bystickingtheirlogosonclothes,inconcertprograms,onsubwaystationwalls,eveninelementaryschoolclassrooms.WeliveinanageinwhichCBSnewscasterswearNikejacketsontheair,inwhichBurgerKingandMcDonald’sopennewsstandsinelementary-schoollunchrooms,inwhichschoolslikeStanfordUniversityareendowedwithaYahoo!FoundersChair.Butasbrandsreach(andthenoverreach)intoeveryaspectofourlives,thecompaniesbehindtheminvitemorequestions,deeperexamination—andaninevitablebacklash(強(qiáng)烈反應(yīng))byconsumers.“Ourintellectuallivesandourpublicspacesarebeingtakenoverbymarketing—andthathasrealimplicationsforcitizenship,”saysauthorandactivistNaomiKlein.“It’simportantforanyhealthyculturetohavepublicspace—aplacewherepeoplearetreatedascitizensinsteadofasconsumers.We’vecompletelylostthatspace.”Sincethemid-1980s,asmoreandmorecompanieshaveshiftedfrombeingaboutproductstobeingaboutideas—Starbucksisn’tsellingcoffee;it’ssellingcommunity!—thosecompanieshavepouredmoreandmoreresourcesintomarketingcampaigns.Topayforthosecampaigns,thosesamecompaniesfiguredoutwaystocutcostselsewhere—forexample,byusingcontractlaborathomeandlow-wagelaborindevelopingcountries.Contractlaborersarehiredonatemporary,per-assignmentbasis,andemployershavenoobligationtoprovideanybenefits(suchashealthinsurance)orlong-termjobsecurity.Thissavescompaniesmoneybutobviouslyputsworkersinvulnerablesituations.IntheUnitedStates,contractlaborhasgivenrisetoso-calledMcJobs,whichemployersandworkersalikepretendaretemporary—eventhoughthesejobsareusuallyheldbyadultswhoaretryingtosupportfamilies.Themassiveexpansionofmarketingcampaignsinthe1980scoincidedwiththereductionofgovernmentspendingforschoolsandformuseums.Thismadethoseinstitutionsmuchtoowilling,eveneager,topartnerwithprivatecompanies.Butcompaniestookadvantageoftheneedsofthoseinstitutions,reachingtoofar,andoverwhelmingthecivicspacewiththeirmarketingagendas.1.Whatdoesthepassageintendtotellus?A.Theproblemswithcurrentcorporatepractices.B.Thenatureofcurrentmarketingcampaignsandstrategies.C.TheimportanceofbrandsinAmericanculture.D.Theexcessivepresenceofbrandsandmarketinginpeople’slives.2.WhatisNaomiKlein’sattitudetowardstheinfiltrationofbrandsintopublicspaces?A.Concerned. B.Indifferent. C.Favorable. D.Optimistic.3.ThepassagesuggeststhatmostcontractlaborersintheU.S.________.A.pretendtobepermanentworkersB.mayhavetroublesupportingtheirfamiliesfinanciallyC.haveworkconditionscomparabletothoseoflow-wageworkersoverseasD.arelikelytoreceivehealthbenefitsfromtheiremployers4.Wemayinferfromthelastparagraphthat________.A.inadequatefederalfundingfacilitatedtheprivatizationofschoolsandmuseumsB.governmentreducedspendingforschoolsandmuseumsfortheircooperationwithcompaniesC.publicinstitutionswereonlytooanxioustoacceptcorporatemarketingasasourceoffundingD.bythe1980s,veryfewpublicinstitutionswerenotbeingfundedbycorporationsBThetreepeopleintheLordoftheRings—theEnts—cangetaroundbywalking.Butforrealtrees,well,it’shardertouproot."Becauseit’sasessileorganism,literally,rootedintotheground,itisunabletoleaveandgoelsewhere."MarioPesendorfer,abehavioralecologistattheCornellLabofOrnithology."Whenatreefirststarts