講義精華集錦day39-練習(xí)題

TheLordoftheRings-TheItbeganwiththeforgingofthegreatrings.ThreeweregiventotheElves,immortal,wisestandfairestofallbeings.SeventotheDwarflords,greatminersandcraftsmenofthemountainhalls.Andnine,nineringsweregiftedtotheraceofMen,whoaboveallelse,desirepower.Forwithintheseringswasboundthestrengthandwilltoerneachrace.Buttheywereallofthemdeceived,foranotherringwasmade.InthelandofMordor,inthefiresofMountDoom,theDarkLordSauronforgedinsecretamasterring,tocontrolallothers.AndintothisRing,hepouredhiscruelty,hismalice,andhiswilltodominatealllife.OneRingtorulethem一、詞prologuepr??l?gn.序言（prolog）forge[f?rd?]vt.&vi.鍛造；締造；elf[elf]n.精靈fair[feradj.美麗的；公平的dwarf[dw?rf]n.侏儒，矮人miner[‘ma?n?]n.礦工craftsman‘kr?ftsm?nn..deceive[d?’si?v]vt.；蒙 魔多（魔戒故事當(dāng)中的地名MountDoom火山（魔戒故事當(dāng)中的地名doom[du?m]n.厄運(yùn)；世界vt.注定失敗Sauron（魔戒故事里的魔君）malice[‘m?l?s]n.；禍心二、表beginwithsthbegiftedtosb.aboveallelsebeboundwith/within被束縛在…里inthelandof在…的土地上/國(guó)度里insecret地poursthintosth三、參考譯文《魔戒》序言但所有的人都被了，因?yàn)橛辛硪幻督渲副昏T造了。在魔多的土地上，在山的火焰中，魔王制造了一枚統(tǒng)領(lǐng)之戒，來(lái)控制其他所有的魔戒。在這枚戒指之中，他灌輸了他的，他的，以及他支配所有生靈的四、文本精講Itbeganwiththeforgingofthegreat這里有個(gè)句型，叫做beginwithsth.，表示“從……開(kāi)始”；后面的theforgingofthegreatrings意思是“鑄造偉大的戒指”，也就是一系列的魔戒。這句話也就是ThreeweregiventotheElveswisestandfairestofallbeingsSeventotheDwarfSevenweregiventotheDwarflords,七枚戒指給了矮人之王，greatminersandcraftsmen（他們是）ofthemountainhall的意思是“大廳”，這里的mountainhalls，指的是矮人王在大山之中的AndninenineringsweregiftedtotheraceofMen,九枚戒指給了人類(lèi)種族gift作名詞是“”，作動(dòng)詞表示“”，這里的begiftedtosb.，就是“whoaboveallelse,desire更容易理解：whodesirepoweraboveallelse.整個(gè)從句是個(gè)非常簡(jiǎn)單的主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)（whodesirepower），aboveallelse可以看作一個(gè)整體，表示程度，F(xiàn)orwithintheseringswasboundthestrengthandwill erneachrace.每一個(gè)種族的（力量和意志）ItbeganwiththeforgingofthegreatringsThreeweregiventotheElves,immortal,wisestandfairestofallSeventotheDwarflords,greatminersandcraftsmenofthemountainhalls.矮人族分到七枚戒指，他們很會(huì)挖掘礦坑，是高山殿堂的巧心工匠。Andnine,nineringsweregiftedtotheraceofMen,whoaboveallelse,desirepower.而人類(lèi)，則分到九枚戒指——他們比別人更權(quán)力。Forwithintheseringswasboundthestrengthandwillto erneachrace.因?yàn)檫@些戒指里都綁定著各個(gè)種族的力量。Buttheywereallofthemdeceived,但是他們?nèi)急涣蓑_了呢？然后還是一個(gè)for引導(dǎo)的原因：foranotherringwasmadeInthelandofMordorinthefiresofMountDoom,在山的火焰之中體說(shuō)了一個(gè)小地點(diǎn)MountDoom，一層一層為我們做了很形象的場(chǎng)景鋪墊。theDarkLordSauron魔君forgedinsecretamasterring,地打造了一只主宰一切的戒指tocontrolallothersAndintothisRinghepouredhiscruelty,hismalice,andhiswill他注入了自己的、和todominatealllife.去一切生命poursthintosth.，表示“注入某物到某物當(dāng)中”Buttheywereallofthemdeceived,foranotherringwasmade.但他們都InthelandofMordor,inthefiresofMountDoom,theDarkLordSauronforgedinsecretamasterring,tocontrolallothers.在魔多的土地上,在末日山的火焰中，魔君暗中鑄造了可以世界的至尊魔戒。AndintothisRing,hepouredhiscruelty,hismalice,andhiswilltoOneRingtorulethemall.一切的OneRingtorulethemall.也就是說(shuō)：一只一切的戒指。也可以翻譯為“至五、亮解單詞prologuepr??l?gn.序言（dialogue[?da???l?ɡ]n.（同forgef?rd?vt.&vi.說(shuō)“鍛造一把劍”，英語(yǔ)就可以說(shuō)成forgeasword。不過(guò)在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活當(dāng)中，forge作為“鍛造”來(lái)講已經(jīng)不是很實(shí)用了， 抽象地表示“締造”，比如說(shuō)：Heisdeterminedtoforgeagreat （他下決心締造一家偉大的公司。另外，forge作動(dòng)詞也可以表示“ ”，比如說(shuō)：Hewasputintoprisonforforgingpassports.（他因?yàn)?elfelf]n.fairferadj.fair的本意是“好的、美麗的”，也可以表示一個(gè)人的“心靈美”，也就是“心里沒(méi)有邪念”，后來(lái)延伸成了形容詞“公平的”。比如說(shuō)：Thisisnotfair!（這不公平另外，英語(yǔ)當(dāng)中還有一個(gè)詞，也叫做fair，表示“集市”，比如說(shuō)：EveryautumnIgotothecountyfair.（每年秋天我都去縣里的集市。）但是這個(gè)dwarfdw?rfn.dwarf這個(gè)詞，早在古英語(yǔ)里就有，專門(mén)指的是“長(zhǎng)得非常矮的人”，也就是“侏儒”。不過(guò)正是因?yàn)椤赌Ы洹返淖髡撸↗ohnTolkien），才讓dwarf從讀音上來(lái)看，dwarf這個(gè)詞前面的dwar和short（短的、矮的）聽(tīng)起來(lái)還是很像的，大家可以結(jié)合short把dwarf這個(gè)詞一并記住。minerma?n?n.礦工mine[ma?n]n.礦；vt.&vi.采water，這里的mineral，就是“礦物質(zhì)”的意思。mine作名詞，也可以表示“”，指的就是“埋在的”mine也可以作動(dòng)詞，表示“采礦”。比如說(shuō)：Theyareminingforgold.（他們craftsmankr?ftsm?nn.的是“手工藝品”。比如說(shuō)：Shesellshandicraftstothetourists.（她向游客另外，craft從“手藝”的意思，延伸出了“技巧、藝術(shù)”的意思。曾經(jīng)有一款火爆全球的游戲，叫做WorldofWarcraft，字面意思是“藝術(shù)的世界”，因?yàn)檫@款boundba?ndvt.束縛（bind的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞）adj.受約束的；有義這個(gè)詞是bind（動(dòng)詞“ ”）的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞，原文當(dāng)中的wasbound作為 bound可以表示“受約束的、有義務(wù)的”，也就是“和一件事在一起的”。比如說(shuō)：Wearenotboundbythedecision.（我們不受這個(gè)決定的約束。）或者說(shuō)：Youareboundtopaybeforetheendofthemonthaccordingtothebeboundtodosth.，表示的是如果做一youworkhard,you’reboundtosucceed.（如果你努力，你就必然會(huì)成功。deceive[d?’si?v]vt.；蒙deceive的意思，是“拿到下面”，突出的是一種“瞞天過(guò)?！钡膭?dòng)作，也就是動(dòng)詞“蒙蔽、”。比如說(shuō)：Thedeceivedcustomersbysellingoldcomputersasnewones.（這家公司用舊計(jì)算機(jī)冒充新機(jī)器顧客。）doom[du?m]n.厄運(yùn)；世界vt.注定失對(duì)好人和做的“審判”，后來(lái)doom這個(gè)單詞就延伸出了“厄運(yùn)、世界末doom也可以作動(dòng)詞，表示“注定”，尤其指的是“注定要發(fā)生壞事”，比如說(shuō)：Thatargumentdoomedtheirmarriagetofailure.（那次爭(zhēng)吵注定了他們婚姻。）malice[‘m?l?s]n.；禍展，比如說(shuō)malnutrition（營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良）,malfunction（功能故障）等等。malice這個(gè)詞，就是mal-（不好）加上一個(gè)名詞后綴-ice組成的，專門(mén)表示的是“、怨恨”。比如說(shuō)：Shedidthiswithoutanymalice.（她這么做沒(méi)有任何的。）六、帶讀訓(xùn)練It‘began/withthe'forgingofthe'great語(yǔ)音：Itt不讀；withthe只讀一個(gè)咬舌音；th咬舌音下文全部標(biāo)'Three↗weregiventothe'Elves,im'mortal,'wisestand'fairestof'all語(yǔ)音：the讀成[ei:]；wisestand連讀；andn；fairestof‘a(chǎn)ll /tothe'Dwarf great‘minersand'craftsmenofthe'mountainhalls↘.And'nine,'nine↗ringswere'giftedtothe'raceof'Men,whoabove'allelse,desire'power↘. wi'thin↗these boundthe'strength↗and'willto' ern'each‘race↘.Buttheywere'all↗ofthem/de'ceived,fora'nother↗ringwas語(yǔ)音：allof連讀；fora’notherInthe'land↗of'Mordor,inthe'firesof'Mount語(yǔ)音：landof連讀；Mounttthe'DarkLord'Sauron'forgedin‘secret/a'masterring,tocontrol'allAnd'intothis he'poured his'cruelty, his'malice, his'will↗to'dominate'all‘life↘.語(yǔ)音：pouredhis連讀；andhis連讀；to弱讀[t?]'One↗‘Ring/to'rulethemIt‘began/withthe'forgingofthe'great'rings↘.'Three↗weregiventothe'Elves,im'mortal,'wisestand'fairestof'allbeings↘./tothe'Dwarf great‘minersand'craftsmen halls↘.And'nine,'nine↗ringswere'giftedtothe'raceof'Men, desire'power↘.For wi'thin↗these boundthe'strength↗and'willto' ern'each‘race↘.Buttheywere ofthem/ a'nother↗ made↘.Inthe'land↗ of'Mordor, inthe'firesof'Mount'Doom,the'DarkLord'Sauron'forgedin‘secret/a'mastertocontrol'allothers↘.And'intothisRing,he'pouredhis'cruelty,his'malice, his'will↗to'dominate'all‘life↘.'One↗‘Ring/to'rulethem‘a(chǎn)ll↘.七、課下練習(xí)語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)回顧a.詞匯回顧TheLordoftheRings- (序言Itbeganwiththeforging( )ofthegreatrings.ThreeweregiventotheElves( ),immortal,wisestandfairest( )ofallbeings.Sevento (侏儒；矮人)lords,great s(礦工)and 藝人)ofthemountainhalls.Andnine,nineringsweregiftedtotheraceofMen—whoaboveallelse,desirepower.Forwithintheseringswasbound )thestrengthandwill Buttheywereallofthem d(),foranotherringwasmade.InthelandofMordor,inthefiresofMountDoom( ),theDarkLordSauronforgedinsecretamasterring,tocontrolallothers.AndintothisRing,hepouredhiscruelty,his (；禍心),andhiswilltodominatealllife.OneRingtorulethemb.表達(dá)回顧：TheLordoftheRings-TheItbeganwiththeforgingofthegreatrings.ThreeweregiventotheElves,immortal,wisestandfairestofallbeings.SeventotheDwarflords,greatminersandcraftsmenofthemountainhalls.Andnine,nineringsweregiftedtotheraceofMen—whoaboveallelse,d