塑料門窗抗風(fēng)壓強(qiáng)度計(jì)算

塑料門窗抗風(fēng)壓強(qiáng)度計(jì)算（參考）根據(jù)《名牌門窗評(píng)選條件和管理辦法》的要求，申報(bào)門窗的抗風(fēng)壓強(qiáng)度計(jì)算書按1170mmX1470mm的對(duì)平開窗（使用多點(diǎn)傳動(dòng)鎖閉器）進(jìn)行計(jì)算。一、窗型設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)圖（參見圖一）及荷載分布圖（參見圖扇荷載圖圖一見圖圖二一、窗型設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)圖（參見圖一）及荷載分布圖（參見圖扇荷載圖圖一見圖圖二二、外窗主要受力構(gòu)件計(jì)算參數(shù)表1外窗主要受力構(gòu)件材料參數(shù)表主要材料種類材料名稱彈性模量E（單位：N/mm2）慣性矩I（單位：mm4）窗扇型材舉例：平開60扇EPVC=2.5X103I窗扇=（企業(yè)填寫）窗梃型材舉例：平開60挺EPVC=2.5X103I窗梃=窗扇型鋼舉例：平開60扇型鋼E型鋼=2.1X105I扇鋼=窗梃型鋼舉例：平開60梃型鋼E型鋼=2.1X105I梃鋼=三、桿件撓度計(jì)算從圖二可知該窗形的荷載為梯形均布荷載，根據(jù)GB/T28887-2012《建筑用塑料窗》附錄B《建筑外窗抗風(fēng)強(qiáng)度、撓度計(jì)算方法》的公式，當(dāng)外窗承受正風(fēng)壓荷載作用時(shí)，主要受力桿件撓度計(jì)算公式如下，計(jì)算時(shí)考慮兩個(gè)窗扇邊梃及中梃同時(shí)受力。fmax=Wk?A?L3/[Ax-（E?I）總]<'f^公式1式中：fmax一構(gòu)件在風(fēng)荷載作用下產(chǎn)生的最大撓度，且fmax=20mmo（單位：mm）

W一為窗戶的主要受力桿件所承受的受荷面積上的風(fēng)荷載值。(單位：Pa)A一受力構(gòu)件所承受的受荷面積，即圖二陰影部分的受荷面積A1+A2；(單位：mm2)L—跨距，L=1470mm入x一系數(shù)，x=(585X1/2)/1470=0.199，則入x約取65.7；E一受力構(gòu)件材料的彈性模量，見表1；I一計(jì)算截面的慣性矩；/L構(gòu)件允許撓度。當(dāng)鑲嵌單層玻璃、夾層玻璃時(shí)，［f］按構(gòu)件跨距的1/100計(jì)算；當(dāng)鑲嵌中空玻璃時(shí)，［f］按構(gòu)件跨距的1/150計(jì)算。(E?I)總是受力構(gòu)件部位的矢量剛度，為型材的剛度與對(duì)應(yīng)的襯鋼的剛度的代數(shù)和。(E?I)總=(E?I)PVC+(E?I)襯鋼公式2(E?I)總二EPVCX(I窗扇+I窗梃+I窗扇)+E型鋼X(I扇鋼+I梃鋼+I扇鋼)當(dāng)采用3點(diǎn)以上傳動(dòng)鎖閉器時(shí)，可以只計(jì)算正壓作用下的組合中梃最大撓度，當(dāng)采用單點(diǎn)或兩點(diǎn)鎖閉器時(shí)，應(yīng)單獨(dú)計(jì)算負(fù)壓作用時(shí)中梃(不含窗扇邊框)承受單點(diǎn)或兩點(diǎn)集中荷載時(shí)的最大撓度。四、外窗抗風(fēng)壓能力計(jì)算當(dāng)鑲嵌單層玻璃、夾層玻璃時(shí)，'fLl/100=1470/100=14.7當(dāng)鑲嵌中空玻璃時(shí)，'fLl/150=1470/150=9.8按照換算公式，取fmax=，AXWKXL3/［65.7X(E*I)總口^W='fW='f]X65.7X(E*I)總/(AXL3)由此，得出該窗的抗風(fēng)壓強(qiáng)度設(shè)計(jì)值W。注：1.計(jì)算出窗的抗風(fēng)壓強(qiáng)度設(shè)計(jì)值W應(yīng)大于窗所在建筑物的風(fēng)荷載標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值Wk；2.當(dāng)計(jì)算出窗的抗風(fēng)壓強(qiáng)度設(shè)計(jì)值W小于1000Pa，則窗的抗風(fēng)壓強(qiáng)度設(shè)計(jì)值W必須按1000Pa進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)。五、玻璃的抗風(fēng)壓計(jì)算依據(jù)《建筑玻璃應(yīng)用技術(shù)規(guī)程》(JGJ113-2009)第5部分“建筑玻璃抗風(fēng)壓設(shè)計(jì)”和《塑料門窗行業(yè)門窗工程師培訓(xùn)教材》第十章第十節(jié)玻璃的抗風(fēng)壓強(qiáng)度計(jì)算進(jìn)行計(jì)算。(一)單片玻璃的抗風(fēng)壓計(jì)算，應(yīng)同時(shí)滿足以下兩項(xiàng)要求：第一，作用在玻璃上的承載力極限狀態(tài)設(shè)計(jì)，可采用考慮幾何非線性的有限元法進(jìn)行計(jì)算，且最大應(yīng)力值不應(yīng)超過短期荷載作用下玻璃強(qiáng)度設(shè)計(jì)值。由于工程上用量最大的是矩形建筑玻璃，其形狀規(guī)則，除可采用有限元方法外，也可用最大許用跨度方法計(jì)算，具體如下：最大許用跨度可按公式3計(jì)算：L=k（W+k）k3+k公式3上式W—風(fēng)荷載設(shè)計(jì)值kPa,即:W=1.4Wk取值；L—玻璃最大許用跨度，mm；W一風(fēng)荷載標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值，kPa；kK、k、k、k----常數(shù)，根據(jù)玻璃的長(zhǎng)寬比進(jìn)行取值。1…2…3、》4?、k、k、k、k的取值應(yīng)符合下列規(guī)定。1）對(duì)?芋四邊支承和兩對(duì)邊支承的單片矩形平板玻璃，單片矩形半鋼化玻璃，單片矩形鋼化玻璃和普通矩形夾層玻璃，其k、k、k、k可按附件中的表10-11、表10-12、表10-13和表10-14取值。夾層玻璃的厚度應(yīng)為去除膠片后玻璃凈厚度和。三邊支承可按兩對(duì)邊支承取值。2）對(duì)于夾絲玻璃和壓花玻璃，其k、k、k、k可按按JGJ113-2009《建筑玻璃應(yīng)用技術(shù)-一一、12…3_4.規(guī)程》附錄C中平板玻璃的k「k、k3、k4取值。按公式3計(jì)算玻璃最大許用跨度時(shí)，風(fēng)荷載設(shè)計(jì)值應(yīng)按公式3的W值除以玻璃種類系數(shù)取值，見表2。3）對(duì)于真空玻璃，其k、k、k、k可按表10-14中普通夾層玻璃的k、k、k、k取值。123412344）對(duì)于半鋼化夾層玻璃和鋼化夾層玻璃，其k、k、k、k可按表10-13中普通夾層玻1234璃的k、k、k、k取值。按公式3計(jì)算玻璃最大許用跨度時(shí)，風(fēng)荷載設(shè)計(jì)值應(yīng)按公式3的W值除以'玻璃種類系數(shù)取值見表2。表2玻璃種類系數(shù)玻璃種類平板玻璃半鋼化玻璃鋼化玻璃夾絲玻璃壓花玻璃系數(shù)1.01.6—2.02.5—3.00.50.65）當(dāng)玻璃的長(zhǎng)寬比超過5時(shí)，玻璃的k、k、k、k應(yīng)按長(zhǎng)寬比等于5進(jìn)行取值。12346）當(dāng)玻璃的長(zhǎng)寬比不包含在表10-11、表10-12、表10-13和表10-14時(shí)，可先分別計(jì)算玻璃相鄰兩長(zhǎng)寬比條件下的最大許用跨度，再采用線性插值法計(jì)算其最大許用跨度。第二，作用在玻璃上的正常使用極限狀態(tài)設(shè)計(jì)，可采用考慮幾何非線性的有限元法計(jì)算，且撓度最大值應(yīng)小于跨度a的1/60。由于工程上用量最大的是矩形建筑玻璃，其形狀規(guī)則，也可按單位厚度跨度限值計(jì)算，具體如下：四邊支承和兩對(duì)邊支承矩形玻璃單位厚度跨度限值應(yīng)按公式4計(jì)算：公式4L\=KW+W)k7+KtI5K68公式4上式：［:］—玻璃單位厚度跨度限值Wk一風(fēng)荷載標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值，kPaK、K、K、K一常數(shù)，見表10-15取值。5678設(shè)計(jì)玻璃跨度a除以玻璃厚度t，不應(yīng)大于玻璃單位厚度跨度限值［t\。如果大于［11，就增加玻璃厚度，直至小于［?］（二）中空玻璃的抗風(fēng)壓計(jì)算：1.作用在中空玻璃上的風(fēng)荷載可按荷載分配系數(shù)分配到每片玻璃上，在和分配系數(shù)可按公式5計(jì)算：1）直接承受風(fēng)荷載作用的單片玻璃按公式5計(jì)算：匚=1.1x—L公式51t3+t3上式匚1——荷載分配系數(shù)；"外片玻璃厚度，mm；t內(nèi)片玻璃厚度，mm。2）不直接承受風(fēng)荷載作用的單片玻璃按公式6計(jì)算：P=1.0x—\一公式61t「+123上式：匚1——荷載分配系數(shù)；"—■一外片玻璃厚度，mm；t內(nèi)片玻璃厚度，mm。中空玻璃的承載力極限狀態(tài)設(shè)計(jì)和正常使用極限狀態(tài)設(shè)計(jì)，可根據(jù)分配到每片玻璃上的風(fēng)荷載，采用公式3、公式4進(jìn)行計(jì)算。例1：若風(fēng)荷載標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值：Wa=1.5kPa，風(fēng)荷載設(shè)計(jì)值：W=2.1kPa。玻璃尺寸：b=1500mm，a=1200mm。b/a=1.25，四邊支承。選用4mm厚度平板玻璃進(jìn)行試算：從表10-11中，4mm厚度。b/a=1.25查得：k=1807.5,k=0.19017,k=-0.6071，k=-1.9-一1234接公式3代入得：L=1807.5（2.1+0.19017）-0.6071-1.9=1091.8mm由于a=1200mm大于L，因此4mm玻璃不能滿足承載力極限狀態(tài)設(shè)計(jì)要求，玻璃應(yīng)增加厚度選5mm厚度，b/a=1.25從表10-11中查得：k=2227.9,k=0.182649,k=-0.6071，k=-1.91234代入公式3得：L=2227.9（2.1+0.182649）-0.6071-2.4=1347.4mm.這樣，a=1200mm，小于L,因此選用5mm平板玻璃可以滿足承載力極限狀態(tài)設(shè)計(jì)要求（即滿足第一項(xiàng)要求）。k7=-0.5022,k「2.06，代入根據(jù)，b/a=1.25，從表10-15中查得k=459.45,kk7=-0.5022,k「2.06，代入-=459.45（1.5-0.1）-0.5022+2.06=390t這樣，a/t=240小于［J,因此選用5mm厚度的平板玻璃，可以滿足正常使用極限狀態(tài)設(shè)計(jì)要求（即滿足第二項(xiàng)要求）。結(jié)論：根據(jù)計(jì)算結(jié)果，接上述設(shè)計(jì)要求選用5mm厚度的平板玻璃，既滿足承載力極限狀態(tài)設(shè)計(jì)要求，又滿足正常使用極限狀態(tài)設(shè)計(jì)要求，設(shè)計(jì)通過。例2:若風(fēng)荷載標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值WK=1.5Kpa風(fēng)荷載設(shè)計(jì)值，W=2.1Kpa。玻璃尺寸b=1500mm，a=1200mmb/a=1.25，四邊支承，選用4+12+4中空平板玻璃進(jìn)行試算。接公式5，外片玻璃荷載分配系數(shù)為：43TOC\o"1-5"\h\z1.10.5514343從表10-11中，外k4mm厚度，b/a=1.25查得：k=1807.5,k=0.19017,k=-0.6071，k=-1.9代入公式3得：1234L=1807.5(2.10.55+0.19017)-0.6071-1.9=1507mm由于a=1200mm小于L，內(nèi)片邊為4mm載荷分配系數(shù)小于外片，故計(jì)算省略，因此滿足承載極限狀態(tài)設(shè)計(jì)要求，即滿足第一項(xiàng)要求。從表10-15中，b/a=1.25，查得:k=459.45,k=-0.1，k=-0.5022,k=2.06—5678-459.451.50.550.10.50222.06=541t由于已*300小于-，內(nèi)片也為4mm載荷分配系數(shù)小于外片，故計(jì)算省略。因此t4t選用4+12+4中空平板玻璃可以滿足正常使用極限狀態(tài)設(shè)計(jì)要求，即滿足第二項(xiàng)要求。結(jié)論：根據(jù)計(jì)算結(jié)果，接上述設(shè)計(jì)要求，選用4+12+4中空平板玻璃，既滿足承載力極限狀態(tài)設(shè)計(jì)要求，又滿足正常使用極限狀態(tài)設(shè)計(jì)要求，設(shè)計(jì)通過。

附件：《塑料門窗行業(yè)工程師培訓(xùn)教材》第十章附表表10-11單片矩形平板玻璃的抗風(fēng)壓設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算參數(shù)t(mm)常數(shù)四邊支撐：b/a兩邊支撐1.001.251.501.752.002.253.005.003k1558.41373.21313.41343.41381.91184.5667.6655.7585.6、0.250.200.200.300.400.30-0.3000k3-0.6124-0.6071-0.6423-0.7112-0.7642-0.7255-0.4881-0.5000-0.5±4-4.20-1.40-22.68-12.60-11.202.80-8.40004k12050.71807.51725.71758.91804.61549.8884.0867.8774.9k20.2377120.1901700.1901700.2852540.3803390.285254-0.2852500k3-0.6124-0.6071-0.6423-0.7112-0.7642-0.7255-0.4881-0.5000-0.5-±4-5.70-1.90-30.78-17.10-15.203.80-11.40005k12527.12227.92124.12159.02210.31901.21094.81074.2959.3k20.2283120.1826490.1826490.2739740.3652990.273974-0.2739700k3-0.6124-0.6071-0.6423-0.7112-0.7642-0.7255-0.4881-0.5000-0.5Jk4-7.20-2.40-38.88-21.60-19.204.80-14.40006k2990.82637.22511.32546.62602.42241.41301.21276.21139.7k0.2206970.1765580.1765580.2648360.3531150.264836-0.2648400k3-0.6124-0.6071-0.6423-0.7112-0.7642-0.7255-0.4881-0.5000-0.5Jk4-8.70-2.90-46.98-26.10-23.205.80-17.40008k13843.73390.23222.33255.63317.72863.41683.31649.91473.4k20.2092950.1674360.1674360.2511540.3348720.251154-0.25115000k3-0.6124-0.6071-0.6423-0.7112-0.7642-0.7255-0.4881-0.5000-0.5-±4-11.55-3.85-62.37-34.65-30.87.7-23.10010k14709.24154.63942.63970.94036.83490.22074.02031.81814.4k20.2000040.1600030.1600030.2400050.3200060.240005-0.24000000k3-0.6124-0.6071-0.6423-0.7112-0.7642-0.7255-0.4881-0.5000-0.5Jk4-14.55-4.85-78.57-43.65-38.89.7-29.10012k15548.04895.64639.54660.54728.24094.02455.22404.12146.9k20.1924610.1539690.1539690.2309530.3079370.230953-0.23095000k3-0.6124-0.6071-0.6423-0.7112-0.7642-0.7255-0.4881-0.5000-0.5-±4-17.55-5.85-94.77-52.65-46.811.7-35.10015k16685.25900.55582.85590.35657.84907.62975.32911.92600.3k20.1838270.1470620.1470620.2205930.2941240.220593-0.2205900k3-0.6124-0.6071-0.6423-0.7112-0.7642-0.7255-0.4881-0.5000-0.5Jk4-21.75-7.25-117.45-65.25-5814.5-43.50019k18056.17112.36717.86704.56768.05881.73607.13528.23150.6k20.1751270.1401020.1401020.2101520.2802030.210152-0.21015000k-0.6124-0.6071-0.6423-0.7112-0.7642-0.7255-0.4881-0.5000-0.5Jk4-27.0-9.0-145.8-81.0-72.018.0-54.00025L10118.28935.88421.58368.28419.27334.64566.24462.93985.3k20.1643980.1315190.1315190.1972780.2630370.197278-0.19728000k3-0.6124-0.6071-0.6423-0.7112-0.7642-0.7255-0.4881-0.5000-0.5Jk4-35.25-11.75-190.35-105.75-94.0023.50-70.5000t(mm)常數(shù)四邊支撐：b/a兩邊支撐1.001.251.501.752.002.253.005.004k13594.23152.63108.63374.93634.83012.91382.51372.11225.3k20.5942800.4754240.4754240.7131360.9508480.713136-0.10000000-0.6124-0.6071-0.6423-0.7112-0.7642-0.7255-0.4881-0.5000-0.5k45.70-1.90-30.78-17.10-15.203.80-11.40005Jk1_4429.23885.93826.24142.54452.03696.01712.31698.51516.8k20.570780.4566240.4566240.6849350.9132470.684935-0.100k3-0.6124-0.6071-0.6423-0.7112-0.7642-0.7255-0.4881-0.5-0.5k47.2-2.4-38.88-21.6-19.24.8-14.4006k15241.94599.74523.74886.25241.84357.52035.12017.91801.9k20.5517430.4413940.4413940.6620910.8827880.662091-0.10000000k3-0.6124-0.6071-0.6423-0.7112-0.7642-0.7255-0.4881-0.5000-0.5k48.70-2.90-46.98-26.10-23.205.80-17.40008k16736.65913.05804.56246.76682.55566.52632.72608.82329.6k20.5232380.4185900.4185900.6278850.8371800.627885-0.10000000k3-0.6124-0.6071-0.6423-0.7112-0.7642-0.7255-0.4881-0.5000-0.5k411.55-3.85-62.37-34.65-30.807.70-23.100010k18253.77246.37101.97619.18131.16785.13243.83212.62868.8k20.5000100.4000080.4000080.6000120.8000160.600012-0.10000000k3-0.6124-0.6071-0.6423-0.7112-0.7642-0.7255-0.4881-0.5000-0.5k414.55-4.85-78.57-43.65-38.809.70-29.100012k19723.88538.88357.38942.29523.67959.03839.93801.23394.5k20.4811520.3849220.3849220.5773820.7698430.577382-0.10000000k3-0.6124-0.6071-0.6423-0.7112-0.7642-0.7255-0.4881-0.5000-0.5k417.55-5.85-94.77-52.65-46.8011.70-35.100015k111716.910291.510056.510726.311396.09540.74653.44604.14111.4k20.4595680.3676550.3676550.5514820.7353090.551482-0.10000000k3-0.6124-0.6071-0.6423-0.7112-0.7642-0.7255-0.4881-0.5000-0.5k421.75-7.25-117.45-65.25-58.0014.50-43.500019k114119.612405.012101.112864.113632.211434.25641.55578.54981.6k20.4378170.3502540.3502540.5253810.7005080.525381-0.10000000k3-0.6124-0.6071-0.6423-0.7112-0.7642-0.7255-0.4881-0.5000-0.5k427.0-9.0-145.8-81.0-72.018.0-54.00025k117733.915585.715170.016056.416958.214258.87141.57056.46301.3Jk2-0.4109960.3287970.3287970.4931950.6575930.493195-0.10000000k3-0.6124-0.6071-0.6423-0.7112-0.7642-0.7255-0.4881-0.5000-0.535.25-11.75-190.35-105.75-94.0023.50-70.5000

t(mm)常數(shù)四邊支撐：b/a兩邊支撐1.001.251.501.752.002.253.005.003k12078.21826.71776.31876.61979.11665.8839.7829.4740.7k20.400.320.320.480.640.48-0.1000k3-0.6124-0.6071-0.6423-0.7112-0.7642-0.7255-0.4881-0.5000-0.5k44.20-1.40-22.68-12.60-11.202.80-8.40004k12734.62404.42333.92457.12584.42179.61111.91097.7980.2k20.3803390.3042710.3042710.4564070.6085430.456407-0.10000000k3-0.6124-0.6071-0.6423-0.7112-0.7642-0.7255-0.4881-0.5-0.5k45.70-1.90-30.78-17.10-15.203.80-11.40005k13370.02963.62872.63015.93165.42673.71377.11358.81213.4k20.3652990.2922390.2922390.4383590.5844780.438359-0.10000000k3-0.6124-0.6071-0.6423-0.7112-0.7642-0.7255-0.4881-0.5000-0.5k47.20-2.40-38.88-21.60-19.204.80-14.40006k13988.43508.03396.33557.33727.03152.21636.71614.31441.6k20.3531150.2824920.2824920.4237380.5649850.423738-0.10000000k3-0.6124-0.6071-0.6423-0.7112-0.7642-0.7255-0.4881-0.5000-0.5k48.70-2.90-46.98-26.10-23.205.80-17.40008k15125.64509.64357.84547.84751.44026.92117.32087.01863.7k20.3348720.2678980.2678980.4018470.5357960.401847-0.100k3-0.6124-0.6071-0.6423-0.7112-0.7642-0.7255-0.4881-0.5-0.5k411.55-3.85-62.37-34.65-30.87.7-23.10010k16279.95526.55331.95547.05781.44908.42608.82570.12295.1k20.3200060.2560050.2560050.3840080.5120100.384008-0.10000000k3-0.6124-0.6071-0.6423-0.7112-0.7642-0.7255-0.4881-0.5000-0.5k414.55-4.85-78.57-43.65-38.809.70-29.100012k17398.56512.26274.46510.36771.55757.63088.23041.02715.6k20.3079370.246350.246350.3695250.4927000.369525-0.10000000k3-0.6124-0.6071-0.6423-0.7112-0.7642-0.7255-0.4881-0.5000-0.5k417.55-5.85-94.77-52.65-46.8011.70-35.1000

t(mm)常數(shù)四邊支撐：b/a兩邊支撐11.251.51.7522.25356k12899.02556.12434.72469.92524.92174.21260.21236.11103.9k0.2221090.1776870.1776870.2665310.3553750.266531-0.2665300k3-0.6124-0.6071-0.6423-0.7112-0.7642-0.7255-0.4881-0.5000-0.5-±4-8.40-2.80-45.36-25.20-22.405.60-16.80008k13799.63351.23185.63219.13280.92831.31663.51630.61456.1k20.2098210.1678570.1678570.2517850.3357140.251785-0.25179000k3-0.6124-0.6071-0.6423-0.7112-0.7642-0.7255-0.4881-0.5000-0.5Jk4-11.40-3.80-61.56-34.20-30.407.60-22.800010k4666.64117.03907.13935.84001.63459.42054.72013.01797.6k20.2004210.1603370.1603370.2405050.3206730.240505-0.24051000k-0.6124-0.6071-0.6423-0.7112-0.7642-0.7255-0.4881-0.5000-0.5Jk4-14.40-4.80-77.76-43.20-38.409.60-