高考總復(fù)習(xí)英語教師用書必修15UNIT5NELSONMANDELA-AMODERNHERO

話題：個(gè)人情況(Personalinformation)1.achievev． 實(shí)現(xiàn)2．motivatev. 激發(fā)，推動(dòng)3．patientadj. 有耐心的4．intelligentadj. 有智力的；聰明的5．favouriten. 最喜愛的人/物6．a(chǎn)ctiveadj. 積極的；活躍的7．curiousadj. 好奇的8．confidentadj. 有信心的；自信的9．determinedadj. 堅(jiān)決的；有決心的10．generousadj. 慷慨的11．humorousadj. 幽默的12．outgoingadj. 開朗的13．thinkhighly/wellof 對(duì)……高度評(píng)價(jià)14．feelproudof 為……感到自豪15．beabsorbedin 全神貫注于16．beenthusiasticabout 對(duì)……熱心17．dreamof 夢(mèng)想……18．cometrue 實(shí)現(xiàn)1.IwritethislettertoapplyforthepositionthatyouhaveadvertisedinChinaDailyofApril2nd.我寫這封信的目的是申請(qǐng)你刊登在4月2日《中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)》上的那個(gè)工作崗位。2．Themostimportantthinginlifeistohaveagreataim,andthedeterminationtoachieveit.人生最重要的是要有遠(yuǎn)大的志向和實(shí)現(xiàn)志向的決心。3．Heisstrictwitheverybodyandineverythinghedoes,whichmakeshimdeeplylovedandrespected.他對(duì)所有人及自己所做的任何事情都嚴(yán)格要求，這讓他深受人們的愛戴。假如你是李華，得知某英文報(bào)社要評(píng)選“TheMostQualifiedStudent”，請(qǐng)你用英語給編輯寫一封推薦信。要點(diǎn)如下：1．介紹被推薦人(林揚(yáng))的基本信息；2．說明推薦理由。DearEditor，I’maseniorhighschoolstudentandIhappenedtohearthatyouwerehostinganactivitytoselectTheMostQualifiedStudent.Itisagreathonourformetointroducetoyouoneofmybestfriends,LinYang.Firstofall,he,whoisamongthemostdiligentstudentsinourschool,notonlystudieshard,butalsobehaveswell.Secondly,hestandsoutforhisdiversehobbies,includingpaintingandplayingtheviolin.Lastbutnotleast,heiswarm-heartedandwillingtohelpothersinneed.Therefore,IhererecommendedhimtoyouwithallmyheartandIlookforwardtohearingfromyouattheearliestpossiblemoment.Yourssincerely，LiHua1．meanadj. 吝嗇的；自私的；卑鄙的2．principlen. 法則；原則；原理3．leaguen. 同盟；聯(lián)盟；聯(lián)合會(huì)4．relativen. 親戚；親屬5．terrorn. 恐怖；可怕的人；恐怖時(shí)期；恐怖活動(dòng)6．releasevt. 釋放；發(fā)行7．sentencevt. 判決；宣判8．easy-goingadj. 隨和的；__溫和寬容的9．mankindn. 人類10．feen. 費(fèi)(會(huì)費(fèi)、學(xué)費(fèi)等)；酬金11．blanketn. 毛毯；毯子1．qualityn. 質(zhì)量；品質(zhì)；性質(zhì)2．begvi. 請(qǐng)求；乞求3．stagen. 舞臺(tái)；階段；時(shí)期4．opinionn. 意見；看法；主張5．rewardn. 報(bào)酬；獎(jiǎng)金vt. 酬勞；獎(jiǎng)賞6．foundvt. 建立；建設(shè)7．a(chǎn)ttackvt. 進(jìn)攻；攻擊；抨擊8．escapevi.&vt. 逃脫；逃走；避開9．votevt.&vi. 投票；選舉n. 投票；選票；表決10．generousadj. 慷慨的；大方的1．a(chǎn)ctiveadj.積極的；活躍的→activelyadv.積極地；活躍地→activityn．活動(dòng)2．devotevt.(與to連用)獻(xiàn)身；專心于→devotedadj.忠實(shí)的；深愛的→devotionn．關(guān)愛；獻(xiàn)身；奉獻(xiàn)；忠誠3．peacefuladj.和平的；平靜的；安寧的→peacefullyadv.和平地→peacen．和平；平靜；和睦4．guidancen．指導(dǎo)；領(lǐng)導(dǎo)→guidevt.帶領(lǐng)，引導(dǎo)n．向?qū)?．legaladj.法律的；依照法律的→illegaladj.(反義詞)非法的，違法的6．hopefuladj.懷有希望的；有希望的→hopelessadj.沒有希望的7．violencen．暴力；暴行→violentadj.暴力的；猛烈的→violentlyadv.暴力地；猛烈地8．equaladj.相等的；平等的→equalityn．平等；相等→equallyadv.同樣地；相等地；公平地9．unfairadj.不公正的；不公平的→fairadj.公正的；公平的10．educatevt.教育；訓(xùn)練→educatedadj.受過教育的；有教養(yǎng)的→educationn．教育→educatorn．教育工作者；教育家11．crueltyn．殘忍；殘酷→crueladj.殘忍的12．willingadj.樂意的；自愿的→unwillingadj.(反義詞)不情愿的；不樂意的[用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空]1．Theoldteacherdevotedallhislifetoeducatinghisdevotedstudentsandhewasadmiredforhisdevotiontotheeducationcause.(devote)2．Allmenarebornequal,__soeveryonehopestobetreatedequallybecauseequalityisthebasicdemand.(equal)3．Onthewhole,peoplewhoarewelleducatedcanfindjobseasierthanthosewithoutagoodeducation．(educate)4．AsfarasI’mconcerned,itdoesseriousharmtochildren’scharacterthattoomuchviolence__isshownontelevision.What’sworse，violenceonTVmakespeoplebehaveviolently．(violent)1．out__of__work 失業(yè)2．a(chǎn)s__a__matter__of__fact 事實(shí)上3．blow__up 使充氣；爆炸4．in__trouble 在危險(xiǎn)、受罰、痛苦、憂慮等的處境中5．turn__to 求助于；致力于6．lose__heart 喪失勇氣或信心7．come__to__power 當(dāng)權(quán)；上臺(tái)8．set__up 設(shè)立；建立9．be__sentenced__to 被判處……(徒刑)10．be__willing__to__do__sth. 愿意做某事11．fight__for 為……而戰(zhàn)12．in__one’s__opinion/view 在某人看來[選用上面的短語填空]1．(2018·江西南昌十校模擬)Whenyougetback,ourclassmatesandIare__willing__tohelpyoutomakeupthemissinglessons.2．Withnoonetoturn__toinsuchafrighteningsituation,shefeltveryhelpless.3．Becausehehasbeenout__of__workformonths,theyoungmannowdependsonhisparentsforaliving.4．Hewasputintoprisonbecauseheblew__upsomegovernmentbuildingsinSouthAfrica.5．Mandelawas__sentenced__tofiveyears’hardlabourforencouragingviolenceagainstthegovernment.6．Itseemedasifnothinghadbeenachieved,buthewillneverlose__heart．eq\a\vs4\al()表示“人物特點(diǎn)”的形容詞全掃描①generous 慷慨的②mean 吝嗇的③devoted 忠實(shí)的④easy-going 隨和的⑤warm-hearted 熱心腸的⑥active 積極的⑦energetic 有活力的⑧enthusiastic 充滿熱情的“n.＋-ful→adj.”薈萃①peace→peaceful 和平的②pain→painful 痛苦的③harm→harmful 有害的④power→powerful 強(qiáng)大的“outof＋n.”短語集錦①outofwork 失業(yè)②outofcontrol 失控③outofmind 心不在焉④outoforder 有毛??；出故障“in＋n.”短語面面觀①introuble 在困境中②indanger 處于危險(xiǎn)中③inreturn 作為回報(bào)④indetail 詳細(xì)地⑤inorder 井然有序⑥inplace 在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢芒遡nvain 徒勞地⑧inpeace 平靜地1．Thiswasatimewhen...這是一個(gè)……時(shí)期，when引導(dǎo)定語從句However,thiswasatimewhenonehadgottohaveapassbooktoliveinJohannesburg.2．where引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾表示抽象概念的名詞Untiltodaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.3．only引導(dǎo)的倒裝句Onlythendidwedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence.4．thefirsttime引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句IfeltbadthefirsttimeItalkedtoagroup.[句式仿寫]1．這是一個(gè)沒有收音機(jī)，沒有電話，也沒有電視的時(shí)期。This__was__a__time__whentherewerenoradios,notelephonesornoTVsets.2．我們到了這樣一個(gè)階段：為了挽救我們自己我們必須開始采取有效措施來保護(hù)環(huán)境。We__have__reached__a__stage__wherewemuststarttakingeffectivemeasurestoprotecttheenvironmentsoastosaveourselves.3．只有通過相互理解彼此學(xué)習(xí)我們才能一起開心地度過那些美好的日子。Onlybyunderstandingandlearningfromeachothercan__we__spendthosedaystogetherhappily.4．第一次比賽失敗，我們都感到很沮喪，因?yàn)槲覀兌既硇牡貫榇俗隽顺浞譁?zhǔn)備。The__first__time__we__lost__the__match,__weallfeltverydepressed,becausewehadallbeendevotedtomakingfullpreparationsforit.devotevt.(與to連用)獻(xiàn)身；專心于(經(jīng)典例句)HedevotedallhissparetimetohelpinghisstudentswiththeirEnglish.他把所有的業(yè)余時(shí)間都用來幫助他的學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語。eq\a\vs4\al()(1)devote...to... 把……奉獻(xiàn)給……； 專注于……devoteoneselfto 致力于；獻(xiàn)身于(2)devotedadj. 忠實(shí)的；深愛的bedevotedto 專心于；致力于(3)devotionn. 關(guān)愛；奉獻(xiàn)Ifyouwanttobepromoted,youmustdevoteyourattentiontoyourwork.如果你想升職，你就必須將注意力投入到工作中。[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空(1)(湖南卷)Frommyfirstjobattherestaurant,Ilearnedteamworkanddevotion(devote)．(2)(湖南卷)Youwillnevergainsuccessunlessyouarefullydevoted(devote)toyourwork.(3)Devoted(devote)tohisresearchwork,theprofessorcaredlittleaboutanyotherthings.[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升級(jí)(4)一心投入到教育失聰兒童，這位年輕女士很少有時(shí)間照顧她自己的女兒。(devote)①普通表達(dá)：Theyoungladydevotes__herself__to__teachingthedeafchildren,soshehaslittletimetocareforherowndaughter.②高級(jí)表達(dá)：Devoting__herself__to__teachingthedeafchildren,theyoungladyhaslittletimetocareforherowndaughter.(現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語)③高級(jí)表達(dá)：Devoted__to__teachingthedeafchildren,theyoungladyhaslittletimetocareforherowndaughter.(過去分詞短語作狀語)equalv．等于；抵得上adj.相等的；勝任的；平等的n．同等的人；相等物[一詞多義]——寫出下列句中equal的詞性及含義(1)Anymanwillbeequaltothetask,aslongasheisshouldgiveitatry.adj.勝任的(2)(江西卷書面表達(dá))Weneedtobeactiveinallkindsofsports,andpayattentiontomentalhealthwhichisequaltophysicalhealth.adj.同等的(3)Littlejoycanequalthatofasurprisingendingwhenyoureadstories.vt.等于，__抵得上(4)Beethovenwasaworld-famousmusician,whohadnoequalinmusic.n.同等的人eq\a\vs4\al()(1)beequaltosth./doingsth. 等于/勝任做某事AequalsBin... A在……方面比得 上B/與B相匹敵withoutequal 無與倫比(2)equalityn. 平等equallyadv. 相等地；同等地； 均等地；同樣地(陜西卷)Menandwomenmustbetreatedequallyineducationandemployment.在教育和就業(yè)方面男女應(yīng)該得到平等的對(duì)待。[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空(1)Idon’tthinkheisequaltodoing(do)thiskindofwork,soIcan’thirehim.(2)(2016·北京卷)Learningtodealwiththesocialworldisequally(equal)important.[能力提升]——一句多譯(3)盡管他年輕，但是約翰卻能勝任這項(xiàng)重要的工作。①Youngashewas,Johnwas__equal__totheimportanttask.(equal)②Althoughhewasyoung,Johnwas__fit__fortheimportanttask.(fit)③Youngashewas,Johnwas__qualified__fortheimportanttask.(qualified)escapevi.&vt.逃脫；逃走；避開n．逃跑；逃走(經(jīng)典例句)Duringtheearthquakesomeminersweretrappedinthemine,andtheycouldn’tescapewithoutrescue.地震時(shí)礦工被困在礦井中，沒有救援他們不能逃脫。eq\a\vs4\al()(1)escape(doing)sth. 逃避(做)某事escapefrom 從……逃脫；逃避escapeone’sattention/notice 逃過某人的注意(2)anarrowescape 九死一生LastyearIhadanarrowescape,soIdon’twanttoriskmylifeasecondtime.去年我死里逃生，因此我不想再去冒生命危險(xiǎn)了。Boblookedbackonlytofindanoldclassmatewhosenameescapedhimforthemoment.(vt.被遺忘)[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空(1)(湖北卷書面表達(dá))Comparedwiththeescaped(escape)driver,IamproudofwhatIdid.(2)Hewascrossingthestreetwhenamanwasdrivingfasttowardshimandhenarrowlyescapedbeing__knocked(knock)down.[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升級(jí)(3)那個(gè)婦女設(shè)法帶著孩子逃出火場(chǎng)，既恐懼又疲憊。①普通表達(dá)：Thewomanmanagedtoescape__fromthefirewithherwasextremelyterrified__and__exhausted．②高級(jí)表達(dá)：The__woman__managed__to__escape__from__the__fire__with__her__baby,__extremely__terrified__and__exhausted.(形容詞作狀語)rewardn．報(bào)酬；獎(jiǎng)金vt.酬勞；獎(jiǎng)賞(2015·四川卷書面表達(dá))YoumentionedthatyoucouldteachEnglishasareward,whichisexactlywhatIwant.你提到你教我英語作為回報(bào)，這恰恰正是我想要的。eq\a\vs4\al()(1)asarewardfor 作為(對(duì)某事的)報(bào)酬/獎(jiǎng)賞inrewardfor 為酬謝……；作為獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)(2)rewardsth. 因某事而獎(jiǎng)賞某人rewardsth. 用某物回報(bào)某人(3)rewardingadj. 值得的；有益的； 有意義的(2016·北京卷)Thestudentshavebeenworkinghardontheirlessonsandtheireffortswillberewardedwithsuccessintheend.這些學(xué)生們一直在刻苦學(xué)習(xí)功課，他們的努力最終會(huì)得到回報(bào)的。[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空(1)Whenaskedforhisviewsabouthisteachingjob,Philipsaidhefounditveryinterestingandrewarding(reward)．(2)EveryonewhoreachedthetopofMountTaiwas__rewarded(reward)withamagnificentview.[能力提升]——一句多譯(3)我送給他一本從上海買的書來答謝他的幫助。①IgavehimabookboughtfromShanghaiin__reward__for__his__help．(rewardn．)②As__a__reward__for__his__help,__IgavehimabookwhichwasboughtfromShanghai.(rewardn．)③I__rewarded__him__with__a__bookwhichIboughtfromShanghaiforhishelp.(rewardv．)introuble有麻煩；處于困難中；在危險(xiǎn)、受罰、痛苦、憂慮等的處境中(重慶卷書面表達(dá))Asisknowntousall,ifweareintrouble,itisnotourphonesbutourfriendsthatcanreallyhelpusout.眾所周知，如果我們有困難，是朋友而不是手機(jī)可以真正地幫助我們擺脫困境。eq\a\vs4\al()(1)getintotrouble 陷入困境；惹麻煩ask/lookfortrouble 自找麻煩；自討苦吃(2)takethetroubletodosth. 不辭辛苦做某事havetroubleindoingsth./withsth. 做某事有困難(2015·湖南卷)ItwaswhenwewerereturninghomethatIrealizedwhatagoodfeelingitwastohavehelpedsomeoneintrouble.是我們快要回家的時(shí)候，我才意識(shí)到了幫助有困難的人感覺多么美妙！[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空(1)Theyaretakingalotoftroubleto__find(find)therightpersonfortherightjob.(2)Ifyouareintrouble,Mikeisalwayswillingtolendahand.[能力提升]——一句多譯(3)不論什么時(shí)候?qū)W習(xí)遇到困難，請(qǐng)馬上找我們幫忙。①Pleasedon’thesitatetoturntousforhelpwheneveryouhave__trouble__withyourstudy.②Pleasedon’thesitatetoaskusforhelpnomatterwhenyouhave__trouble/difficulty__instudying.turnto求助于；開始從事；致力于；翻到(書的某頁);查閱；轉(zhuǎn)向[一詞多義]——寫出下列句中turnto的含義(1)(2016·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)Atlast,Iwillbeonmyown,butIstillwanttohavemyparentstoturntowheneverIneedhelp.求助于(2)Afterheleftuniversityhebecameateacher,butlaterturnedtojournalism.開始從事(3)Youshouldn’talwaysturntothedictionarywhenyoumeetnewwordsinreading.查閱(4)Followthemainroaduntilitbranchesandthenturntotheleft.轉(zhuǎn)向eq\a\vs4\al()turndown 關(guān)小；拒絕turnup 出現(xiàn)；露面；調(diào)大turnout 證明是；結(jié)果是；趕走；生產(chǎn)turnover 打翻；翻身；移交(2017·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ語法填空)Shehasturneddownseveralinvitationstostaratshowsinordertoconcentrateonherstudies.為了集中精力學(xué)習(xí)，她拒絕了幾次演出的邀請(qǐng)。Itturnedoutthatthejobwasmuchharderthanwehadthought.結(jié)果是這份工作比我們想象的難得多。[巧學(xué)活用]——完成句子/詞匯升級(jí)當(dāng)你處于困境的時(shí)候，你可以向我求助。(1)低頻詞匯：Whenyouareintrouble,youcanask__me__for__help．(ask)(2)高頻詞匯：Whenyouareintrouble,youcanturn__to__me__for__help．loseheart喪失勇氣或信心；灰心；泄氣(經(jīng)典例句)Althoughwedidn’twinthematch,wedidn’tloseheart.盡管我們沒有贏得比賽，但我們沒有灰心。eq\a\vs4\al()(1)putone’sheartinto 一心撲在……上learnheart 背誦；記牢……oone’sheart 使……刻骨銘心(2)heartandsoul 全心全意地fromthebottomofsb.’sheart 從某人的心底Facedwithdifficulty,heneverlosesheartandalwaystrieshisbesttoovercomeit.面對(duì)困難，他從不灰心喪氣，總是盡力克服困難。[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——用heart的相關(guān)短語填空(1)OurPartywasfoundedin1921，sincewhenshehasbeenservingthepeopleheart__and__soul．(2)Aslittleboysandgirlshaveaverygoodmemory,theycanlearnalotofEnglishwordsby__heart.(3)Asanoldsayinggoes,“Nothingistoohardifyouput__your__heart__intoit.”[能力提升]——高考小作文(4)(2015·廣東卷書面表達(dá))根據(jù)上面的文章，我們知道當(dāng)Sally發(fā)現(xiàn)她的新學(xué)生有那么多問題時(shí)，她沒有灰心。Accordingtotheabovepassage,weknowwhenSallyfoundthere__were__so__many__problemsamonghernewstudents,she__didn’t__lose__heart．qualityn．質(zhì)量；品質(zhì)；性質(zhì)eq\a\vs4\al()ofgood/high/poorquality 質(zhì)量好/差的inquality 在質(zhì)量方面[單句語法填空/完成句子](1)Weliketodealwiththatcompanyfortheirproductsareofhighquality.(2)Thoughthesedressesarelowinquality,theymayappealtowomenwhodon’twanttospendmuchonclothes.(3)Hehas__many__good__qualities(有許多良好的品質(zhì))，buthisbestqualityishiskindness.foundvt.建立；建設(shè)eq\a\vs4\al()(1)found—founded—founded 創(chuàng)建find—found—found 找到(2)foundern. 創(chuàng)始人；建立者foundationn. 基礎(chǔ)；地基；基金會(huì)； 創(chuàng)立[單句語法填空/完成句子](1)Founded(found)in1982，theorganizationfirstcametoChinain1991.(2)Founded__in__the__last__century(成立于上世紀(jì))，thechurchhasahistoryofabout90years.votevt.&vi.投票；選舉n．投票；選票；表決eq\a\vs4\al()votefor 投票支持voteagainst 投票反對(duì)voteon 投票表決votetodosth. 投票做某事[單句語法填空/完成句子](1)Sincewecan’treachanyagreement,nowwevoteontheproblem.(2)Whether__you__vote__for__or__against__the__plan(你是贊成還是反對(duì)這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃)doesn’tseemtomatterverymuch.(教材P34)Onlythendidwedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence.只有到那個(gè)時(shí)候，我們才決定用暴力反抗暴力。eq\a\vs4\al()only放在句首修飾狀語(通常是副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句等)時(shí)，句子需要部分倒裝。OnlywhenhetoldmeaboutthenewsdidIknowthetruth.僅僅當(dāng)他告訴我這個(gè)消息時(shí)，我才知道了真相。(福建卷書面表達(dá))Onlyinthiswaycanweliveinmorecomfortableandbeautifulsurroundings.只有用這種方式我們才能生活在更舒服更美麗的環(huán)境中。only放在句首修飾主語時(shí)不用倒裝。Onlythosewhoacceptthisrealitycanleadareallyfulllife.只有那些接受這個(gè)現(xiàn)實(shí)的人才能過上真正充實(shí)的生活。[巧學(xué)活用]——完成句子/句式升級(jí)只有言行一致我們才能實(shí)現(xiàn)我們的目標(biāo)。(1)普通表達(dá)：Wecanachieveourgoalonly__when__we__match__our__words__withactions.(2)高級(jí)表達(dá)：Only__when__we__match__our__words__with__actions__can__we__achieve__our__goal.(倒裝)(3)高級(jí)表達(dá)：It__is__only__when__we__match__our__words__with__actions__thatwecanachieveourgoal.(強(qiáng)調(diào))(教材P38)IfeltbadthefirsttimeItalkedtoagroup.第一次給旅行團(tuán)作講解時(shí)，我的心情很不好。eq\a\vs4\al()thefirsttime用作連詞，用來引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，意為“第一次……”。引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句的名詞短語和副詞還有：(1)each/everytime 每次……的時(shí)候nexttime 下次……時(shí)anytime 任何時(shí)候lasttime 上次……時(shí)bythetime 到……為止(2)eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(themoment/theminute/theinstant/,immediately/instantly/directly))一……就……ThefirsttimeIinterviewedhim,helookedabitnervous.我第一次采訪他時(shí)，他看起來有點(diǎn)緊張。(湖北卷)Becareful！Themachinestartsthemomentyoupressthebutton.小心點(diǎn)！你一按電鈕機(jī)器就運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。Every/EachtimeIseetheoldmaninthepark,heisabsorbedinreadingnewspapers.每次我在公園看到這位老人時(shí)，他都在專注地讀報(bào)。forthefirsttime只用作句子的狀語，不具有連詞功能，不可用來引導(dǎo)狀語從句。[巧學(xué)活用]——一句多譯他第一次上這位年輕老師的課時(shí)，就感興趣。(1)Hebecameinterestedintheyoungteacher’slessonthe__first__timeheattendedhisclass.(2)Hebecameinterestedintheyoungteacher’slessonwhenheattendedhisclassfor__the__first__time．(教材P34)Thelastthirtyyearshaveseenthegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogress,untiltodaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.過去30年來所出現(xiàn)的大量法律剝奪我們的權(quán)利，阻擋我們的進(jìn)步，一直到今天，我們還處在幾乎什么權(quán)利都沒有的階段。eq\a\vs4\al()see，find，witness等一些動(dòng)詞，可以用地點(diǎn)或時(shí)間名詞作主語，表示某地或某時(shí)“經(jīng)歷、發(fā)生、目睹”了某事。該句是一個(gè)無生命的名詞作主語的句式。[單句語法填空](1)Theoldtemplehas__seen(see)greatchangesofthevillageinthepasttwohundredyears.(2)Thelastthirtyyearshave__witnessed(witness)alargenumberoflawsguaranteeingusourrights.eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)單句語法填空1．Theseancientbuildings____________(witness)therapidgrowthofthecityaswellasthegrowthofthiscountry.答案：havewitnessed2．Nowtheirpeacetalkshavereachedakeystage____________onesidemustgiveintotheother.答案：where3．Yourteachercangiveyou____________(guide)onchoosingacareerandwritingajobapplication.答案：guidance4．Itshockedhertohearthathergoodfriend____________(attack)withcancer.答案：wasattacked5．Theconflictbetweenthetwosidescanbesettledina____________(peace)way.答案：peaceful6．Youcan’timaginethetroubleIhad____________(persuade)himtochangehismind.答案：persuading7．Only____________(educate)peoplecanhaveagoodunderstandingofthelecturegivenbythescientist.答案：educated8．Thecompany____________(found)in1996isoneofthenewhigh-techcompanies.答案：founded9．Maggiethoughtitwas____________(fair)thatwomenwerenotallowedtoreceiveeducation.答案：unfair10．Themanshouldbecondemnedforhis____________(cruel)tohiswife.答案：crueltyeq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)單元語法——定語從句(Ⅱ)單句語法填空1．Parentsshouldpayattentiontothecases____________theirchildrenhavedifficultyadaptingtonewsurroundings.答案：where2．Doyoustillrememberthedays____________youstayedontheislandwithyourfriends?答案：when3．Thisisthetime____________thechildrendoexercise,sonooneisintheclassroomnow.答案：when4．First,youcangainmoreknowledgeabouthistory,____________willenrichyourlifegreatly.答案：which5．Iwillrememberthedays____________wespenttogetheronthefarm.答案：that/which6．Thereisalongbreakbetweenthesecondclassandthethirdclass____________wecanplayontheplayground.答案：wheneq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)教材與語法填空根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。WhenElias,apoorblackworkerinSouthAfrica,first1.____________(meet)NelsonMandela,hewasinaverydifficultperiodofhishadtoleaveschoolbecausehisfamilycouldnotcontinuetopaytheschoolfeesandthebushegotajob,hewasworriedabout2.____________(be)outofworkbecausehedidn’thaveaMandela,3.____________offeredguidancetopoorblackpeopleontheirlegalproblems,toldhimwhattodoandhelpedMandela4.____________(organize)theANCYouthLeague,Eliasjoineditassoonashethattime,blackpeoplecouldn’tvote(choose)theircouldn’tgetthejobstheywantedandthepartsoftowninwhichtheyhadtoliveweredecidedbywhitethehelpofMandelatheychose(attack)thelaws,andfoughtagainstthewhitepeoplewith8.____________(violent)．In1963EliashelpedMandelablowupsomegovernmentbuildings,9.____________itwasverywashappytohelpbecauseheknewitwouldhelpthemachievetheirdreamofmakingblackandwhitepeople10.____________(equally)．答案：ingchoose6．Withattackeq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)話題知識(shí)與寫作(Ⅰ)根據(jù)提示翻譯下列句子。1．我第一次聽說史蒂芬·霍金時(shí)，就被他的奉獻(xiàn)精神所感動(dòng)。(thefirsttime；devotion)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：ThefirsttimeIheardofStephenHawking,Iwasmovedbyhisdevotiontotheresearch.2．在日常生活中，他處于很大的麻煩之中。(ingreattrouble)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Inhisdailylife,heisingreattrouble.3．只有求助于電腦時(shí)，他才能講話、閱讀和寫作。(onlywhen...；turnto)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Onlywhenheturnedtothecomputerwasitpossibleforhimtospeak,readandwrite.4．他對(duì)于世界的貢獻(xiàn)是無與倫比的。(havenoequal)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Hiscontributionstotheworldhavenoequal.5．在我看來，任何東西都無法回報(bào)他對(duì)科學(xué)的貢獻(xiàn)。(inone’sopinion；inrewardfor)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Inmyopinion,nothingcouldbeinrewardforhiscontributionstoscience.(Ⅱ)將以上句子連成一篇語言流暢、用詞準(zhǔn)確、邏輯嚴(yán)密的短文。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：ThefirsttimeIheardofStephenHawking,Iwasmovedbyhisdevotiontotheresearch.Inhisdailylife,heisingreattrouble.Onlywhenheturnedtothecomputerwasitpossibleforhimtospeak,readandwrite.However,hiscontributionstotheworldhavenoequal.Andinmyopinion,nothingcouldbeinrewardforhiscontributionstoscience.閱讀提速練eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)閱讀理解AFromyoungkidstofitnesslovers，tothoselookingforalaugh,ortofamilieslookingforafreemovienight,AtlanticStationpreparessomedaysforthemtoenjoythisyear.TotSpot—EachTuesdaymorning,AtlanticStation’sCentralParktransformsintoeverychild’sdreamplayground!From10：00a．noon,kidscanenjoygames,storytelling,toys,musicandsomeveryspecialthings.ThiseventbeginsonApril5andlaststhroughSeptember27.WellnessWednesday—EachWednesdayfrom6：30p．7：30p．m.,AtlanticStation’sCentralParkbecomestheperfectplacetofindquietnessofthemindandbodywhileinstructorsleadgueststhroughexercisesincludingyogaandmore.WellnessWednesdaywelcomesallagesandskilllevels.ThiseventbeginsonApril6andlaststhroughSeptember28.ImprovinthePark—WholeWorldTheatre,Atlanta’spremierimprovgroup,hasonceagainpartneredwithAtlanticStationtobringafamily-friendlynightofcomedytotheCentralParkonthefirstWednesdayofeachmonthuntilSeptember.Bringablanket,relaxunderthestarsandpreparetolaughuntilyourstomachhurts!Thehour-longshowbeginsat8：00p．m.ThiseventoccursonApril5,May4,June1,July6andAugust3.MoviesintheCentralPark—EachThursdaynightatdusk,guestsareinvitedtobringchairs,blankets,to-gosnacksandpicnicstoAtlanticStation’sCentralPark.Alloutdoorscreeningsareavailable,weatherpermitting,sokeepyourfingerscrossedfornoTheWizardofOz-typestorms!Besuretoarriveearlytofindagoodseat.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了大西洋站幾個(gè)可以讓人們放松自己、享受生活和獲得樂趣的活動(dòng)。1．Motherscantaketheirkidswholikelisteningtostoriesto________．A．TotSpotB．ImprovintheParkC．WellnessWednesdayD．MoviesintheCentralParkA解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中第二段中的“From10：00a．noon,kidscanenjoygames,storytelling,toys,musicandsomeveryspecialthings.”可知，從上午10點(diǎn)到中午，在TotSpot活動(dòng)中孩子們可以做游戲、講故事、玩玩具、聽音樂等。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，想聽故事的孩子們可以去參加TotSpot活動(dòng)，故A項(xiàng)正確。2．WhencanyoudoyogawithaninstructorinAtlanticStation’sCentralPark?A．OneachTuesdayfrom6：30p．7：30p．August.B．OneachTuesdaymorningfrom10：00a．nooninJuly.C．At8：00p．April5,May4,June1,July6andAugust3.D．OneachWednesdayat7：00p．JuneandJuly.D解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中的“EachWednesdayfrom6：30p．7：30p．m...includingyogaandmore.”和“begins...Septemberbegins...September28.”可知，4月6日到9月28日的每個(gè)星期三下午6：30到7：30，大西洋站中央公園成為人們尋求心靈寧靜和身體放松的地方，有指導(dǎo)者帶領(lǐng)客人做包括瑜伽和其他活動(dòng)在內(nèi)的練習(xí)。由此可知，D項(xiàng)符合題意。3．Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A．AtlanticStationsetsthedaysforgueststohavefun.B．TicketsforMoviesinCentralParkarehardtoget.C．MoviesintheCentralParkareshownonlyindoors.D．OnlyteenagersarewelcometojoininWellnessWednesday.A解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，尤其是第一段可知，AtlanticStation為客人安排時(shí)間和活動(dòng)來讓他們玩得開心，故A項(xiàng)符合題意。B(2018·臺(tái)州中學(xué)高三模擬)Wildelephantscantellwhetheravoicecomesfromaman，awomanoraboy，anewstudyat’swhatresearchersfoundwhentheyplayedrecordingsofpeopleforelephantsinsaythisisanadvancedthinkingskillthatotheranimalshaven’tletselephantsfigureoutwhoisathreatandwhoresultshowsthatthecleveranimalsarealsostudyingpeople，saidstudyauthorKarenMcComb.“Basically，theyhavedevelopedthisveryrichknowledgeofthehumansthattheysharetheirhabitatwith，”saidMcComb，aprofessorattheUniversityofSussexinEngland.“Memoryiskey.Theymustbuildupthatknowledgesomehow.”ThestudywasreleasedonMondayintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.It’sclosetobutnotquitelikethebook，wheretheelephantHortonhearssomethingthatotherscan’thear.McCombandcolleagueswenttoAmboseliNationalParkinKenya，wherehundredsofwildelephantsliveamonghumans，sometimescominginconflictoverscarcescientistsusedvoicerecordingsofMaasaimen，whoonoccasionkillelephants，andKambamen，whoarelessofathreattotheelephants.Asaresult，theelephantsreactedmoredefensively—retreatingandgatheringinabunch—totheMaasailanguagerecordingbecauseitwasassociatedwiththemorethreateninghumantribe，saidstudyco－authorGraemeShannon.TheyrepeatedtheexperimentwithrecordingsofMaasaimenandwomenalmostneverspearelephants，theanimalsreactedlessdefensivelytothewomen’ssamethinghappenedwhentheysubstitutedyoungboys’voices.“Makingthiskindoffinedistinctionsinhumanvoicepatternsisquiteremarkable，”saidEmoryUniversityanimalcognitionexpertFransdeWaal，whowasnotpartofthestudy.【解題導(dǎo)語】研究表明野生大象能夠識(shí)別男、女和男孩的聲音，它們通過思維區(qū)分聲音并判斷誰能對(duì)他們產(chǎn)生威脅。4．Whowerethepeopletakingpartinthestudy?A．FransdeWaalandKarenMcComb.B．a(chǎn)ndGraemeShannon.C．GraemeShannonandFransdeWaal.D．KarenMcCombandGraemeShannon.D解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“studyauthorKarenMcComb”和第六段中的“studyco－authorGraemeShannon”可知，KarenMcComb和GraemeShannon都參加了研究，故選D項(xiàng)。5．Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedword“substituted”inthelastparagraph?A．Distinguished. B．Repeated.C．Used. D．Compared.C解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。畫線詞所在句中的“Thesamethinghappened”指的是前一句中的“theanimalsreactedlessdefensively”，畫線詞所在句講的是野象對(duì)年輕男孩的聲音做出的反應(yīng)，說明當(dāng)時(shí)研究者在對(duì)野象播放年輕男孩的聲音，故選C項(xiàng)。6．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．Wildelephantscandistinguishhumanlanguages.B．Theconflictbetweenhumansandwildelephantsisgrowing.C．Wildelephantsuselanguageskillstomakediscrimination.D．Wildelephantscanbuildupgoodmemoryandlearntricks.A解析：主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一句“Wildelephantscantellwhetheravoicecomesfromaman，awomanoraboy”和全文內(nèi)容可知，野象能夠通過人的聲音區(qū)分不同人類群體的性別和年齡，故選A項(xiàng)(野象能夠區(qū)分人類的語言)。CSusanBrownellAnthonywasaladyaheadofhertime.Shefoughtforwomen’srightslongbeforetheybecameapopularissue.SusanwasbornonFebruary15,1820,inAdams，Massachusetts.Atthattime,womenhadfewrights.Theycouldnotownproperty.Moneyearnedbyamarriedwomanbelongedtoherhusband.Majordecisionsregardingchildrenweremadebythefathers.Womencouldnotvote.Attheageof15,Susanbecameaschoolteacher.Shetaughtfor15years.Thenshebeganorganizingwomen’sgroupstopromotecausesthatwereimportanttowomen.Shehelpedgainbettereducationalrightsforwomen.Shehelpedgivemarriedwomenpossessionoftheirearnings.AftertheCivilWar,Susanbecameveryinvolvedinthewomen’ssuffragemovement.Afteryearsoflecturing,writing，andappealingbySusanandotherwomen,some