結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計常用專業(yè)英語

結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計常用專業(yè)英語詞匯匯編ContentsI 上冊目錄TOC\o"1-5"\h\z\o"CurrentDocument"Chapter1LoadsandAction 1.第一章荷載與作用 1..\o"CurrentDocument"Chapter2SeismicDesign 8.第二章抗震設(shè)計 .8.Chapter3Foundation 14第三章地基基礎(chǔ) 14\o"CurrentDocument"Chapter4ReinforcementConcrete 22第四章鋼筋混凝土結(jié)構(gòu) 22\o"CurrentDocument"Chapter5SteelStructure 28第五章鋼結(jié)構(gòu) 28Chapter6CompositeStructure .37第六章組合結(jié)構(gòu) 37\o"CurrentDocument"Chapter7MasonryStructure 40第七章砌體結(jié)構(gòu) 40\o"CurrentDocument"Chapter8Others 42第八章其它 42ContentsII 下冊目錄TOC\o"1-5"\h\z第一章荷載與作用 43\o"CurrentDocument"Chapter1LoadsandAction 43第二章抗震設(shè)計 50Chapter2SeismicDesign 50第三章地基基礎(chǔ) 56Chapter3Foundation 56第四章鋼筋混凝土結(jié)構(gòu) 65\o"CurrentDocument"Chapter4ReinforcementConcrete 65第五章鋼結(jié)構(gòu) 71\o"CurrentDocument"Chapter5SteelStructure 71第六章組合結(jié)構(gòu) 80\o"CurrentDocument"Chapter6CompositeStructure 80第七章砌體結(jié)構(gòu) 83\o"CurrentDocument"Chapter7MasonryStructure 83第八章其它 85\o"CurrentDocument"Chapter8Others 85第一章荷載與作用Chapter1LoadsandAction第一章荷載與作用accidentalcombination偶然組合accidentalload偶然荷載action作用apartment公寓archedroof拱形屋面areaprojectedonahorizontalplane水平投影面ashload積灰何載attic閣樓balcony陽臺ballroom/dancehall舞廳basicloadcombination基本何載組合basicvariable基本變量basicwindspeed基本風速boundarycondition邊界條件boundarylayer邊界層cab駕駛室（吊車）canopy雨棚cantilevermember懸挑構(gòu)件cantileverslab懸臂板case工況catwalk馬道characteristicvalue/nominalvalue/standardvalue標準值characteristic/nominalcombination標準組合claddingsystem圍護系統(tǒng)coefficientofthermalexpansion溫度膨脹系數(shù)columneffectivelength柱有效長度combinationvalue組合值complywithrequirementofChinesecode滿足中國規(guī)范要求concentratedload集中荷載concentrationofplasticdeformation塑性變形集中constructionandmaintenanceload施工和檢修荷載constructionload施工何載constructionsequenee施工順序controlroom控制室corner轉(zhuǎn)角，角部

corridor走廊craneload吊車何載cranewheelload吊車輪壓deadload恒載dead-load-resistingmoment恒載產(chǎn)生的彎矩deformedposition變形后位置degreeofreliability可靠度density密度designreferenceperiod設(shè)計基準期designsituation設(shè)計狀況designvalue設(shè)計值designvalueofaload何載設(shè)計值designworkinglife設(shè)計使用年限determinatestructure靜定結(jié)構(gòu)diaphragmstiffness樓板剛度differentialsettlement不均勻沉降distributionfactorofsnowpressure屋面積雪分布系數(shù)doublespandoublepitchedroof雙跨雙坡屋面duringservicelife使用期間dynamicanalysis動力分析dynamiccoefficient動力系數(shù)earthquakeaction地震作用eave屋檐/挑檐edgebeam邊梁edgecolumn邊柱elasticitymodulus彈性模量electrichoist電動葫蘆elementcheck構(gòu)件校核enclosedstructure封閉式結(jié)構(gòu)energy能量equibriumequation平衡方程equivalentuniformliveload等效均布活荷載expansion膨脹exposurecategory地面粗糙度類別（美）exposurefactorforwindpressure風壓咼度變化系數(shù)（美）fieldexperiment現(xiàn)場試驗fireescape防火樓梯firstmode第一振型fixedseats固定座位flatroof平屋頂flexibleliftinghook軟鉤吊車

floorliveload樓面活荷載fluidpressure流體壓力fractile分位值frequentcombinations頻遇組合frequentvalue頻遇值fundamentalcombination基本組合gable山墻garage車庫geometricalparameter幾何參數(shù)gradientheight梯度風高度gust陣風gustfactorcoefficient陣風系數(shù)gymnasium健身房hand-gearedbridgecrane手動吊車handrail欄桿，扶手hardliftinghook硬鉤吊車heightvariationfactorofwindpressure風壓咼度變化系數(shù)height-to-widthratio高寬比heliport直升飛機平臺horizontalcomponent水平分量horizontalload水平何載horizontalloadonrailing欄桿水平何載hydrostaticupliftload水浮力impactfactor沖擊系數(shù)impactload沖擊何載importaneefactor重要性系數(shù)indeterminatestructure超靜定結(jié)構(gòu)interpolation內(nèi)插值法laboratory實驗室large(long)-spanstructure大跨結(jié)構(gòu)lateralforceoncranerunawaybeam吊車橫向水平荷載lateralload側(cè)向力leeward背風面liftedload吊重limitstate極限狀態(tài)liveload活何載loadcodeforthedesignofbuildingstructures建筑結(jié)構(gòu)荷載規(guī)范loadcombination何載組合loadcombinationcoefficient荷載組合系數(shù)loadeffect荷載效應lobby大廳

localarea局部部位localload局部何載Iongitudinalforceoncranerunawaybeam吊車縱向水平荷載Iong-termdeflection長期變形magnificationfactorofwindfluctuation脈動增大系數(shù)mannedroof上人屋面mass質(zhì)量materialproperty材料性能maximumwheelload取大輪壓meanroofheight平均屋面咼度minimumpotentialenergyprinciple最小勢能原理modesuperposition振型疊加法mountainousregion山區(qū)movableseats活動座位multidegree-of-freedomsystem多自由度體系multi-defensesystem多道設(shè)防體系occupancycategory房屋類別officebuilding辦公樓onadjacentspan相鄰跨onalternatespan隔跨ontheentirespan滿跨onthehalfspan半跨open-frametower敞開式塔架operatingload操作荷載operatingroom手術(shù)至overturning傾覆overturningmoment傾覆彎矩parapetwall女兒墻partialsafetyfactorforloads荷載分項系數(shù)partiallyenclosedstructure半敞開式結(jié)構(gòu)partitionload隔墻何載passengervehicle客車patientroom病房performaneefunction功能函數(shù)periodforno.1第一周期periodreductionfactor周期折減系數(shù)permanentaction (load)永久作用（荷載）permanentload永久何載permanentpartition固定隔墻pitchedroof坡屋頂，斜屋面placeofpublicassembly人口密集處

plant廠房platform看臺Poisson'sratio泊松比pondload積水荷載portablepartition可移動隔墻primaryload-resistingsystem主要承重體系probabilitydistribution概率分布probabilityoffailure失效概率purlin檁條quasi-permanentcombinations準永久組合quasi-permanentvalue準永久值ratedcapacity額定起重量（吊車）readingroom閱覽室recurreneeinterval重現(xiàn)期reducingcoefficientofliveload活何載折減系數(shù)reductionofliveload活荷載折減refereneesnowpressure基本雪壓refereneewindpressure基本風壓reliability可靠性reliabilityindex可靠指標repeatedserviceload反復何載representativevalue代表值representativevalueofaload何載代表值representativevalueofgravityload重力何載代表值residential住宅resistanee抗力ridge屋脊roofgarden屋頂花園roofliveload屋面活何載roofslope屋面坡度safetycategory安全等級saw-toothedroof鋸齒形屋面scaffolding腳手架self-strainingforce自應力荷載serviceablilitylimitstate正常使用極限狀態(tài)shapefactorofwindload風荷載體形系數(shù)shearmodulus剪切模量singledegree-of-freedomsystem單自由度體系singlespanmonopitchedroof單跨單坡屋面skylight天窗sliding滑移

snowload雪荷載soilpressure土壓力stackroom書庫stage夕牛臺stair樓梯stairtread踏步板statisticaldata統(tǒng)計資料statisticalparameter統(tǒng)計參數(shù)steelrail鋼軌，軌道stiffness剛度stiffnessenlargementfactorformiddle-spanbeam中梁剛度放大系數(shù)stiffnessrestraintofbackfillsoiltobasement回填土對地下室約束的相對剛度storeydrift層間位移strainenergy應變能stress-strainrelationship應力一應變關(guān)系strongshear-weakbending強剪弱彎suburbanarea城市郊區(qū)take-offweight起飛重量temporarypartition臨時隔墻terrainroughness地面粗糙度themostcriticalcombination最不利組合themostcriticaleffect最不利效應theworstcase最不利情況theatre劇院timehistoryanalysis時程分析transversetravelingload橫向行駛的荷載（吊車）tributaryarea從屬面積trolley小車（吊車）tunneltest風洞試驗ultimatelimitstate承載能力極限狀態(tài)unbalaneedaccumulation不均勻堆積unenclosedstructure敞開式結(jié)構(gòu)unmannedroof不上人屋面urbanarea城市市區(qū)variableaction(load)可變作用（荷載）variationalprincipal變分原理verticalcomponent豎向分量verticalelement豎向構(gòu)件verticalload豎向何載virtualwork虛功windfluctuationfactor脈動影響系數(shù)

windflutteringfactor風振系數(shù)windload風荷載windshield擋風板wind-excitedoscillation風致振動windward迎風面work功workinggrade工作級別（吊車）第二章抗震設(shè)計Chapter2SeismicDesign第二章抗震設(shè)計accidentaleccentricity偶然偏心additionalbendingmoment附加彎矩additionaldamping附加阻尼additionalseismicactionfactorsattopofthebuilding頂部附加地震作用系數(shù)allowablevalueofdriftangle層間位移角限值amplifyingfactorforelaso-plasticstorydrift彈塑性層間位移放大系數(shù)artificialaccelerationtime-historycurve人工模擬加速度時程曲線avalanche崩塌axial-force-ratio軸壓比backingbar墊板baseshearforce底部剪力baseshearmethod基底剪力法bearingwall承重墻boundaryofslope邊坡邊緣brittlemodeoffailure脆性破壞burieddepth埋置深度cast-in-situconcretefloor現(xiàn)澆混凝土樓板centerofmass質(zhì)里中心centerofrigidity剛度中心circularnaturalfrequency自振圓頻率codeforseismicdesignofbuildings建筑抗震設(shè)計規(guī)范compactionmethod加密法compositefloorwithflutedplate壓型鋼板鋼筋混凝土組合樓板compoundhoop復合箍筋compoundorcontinuouscompoundrectangularspiralhoop復合或連續(xù)復合矩形螺旋箍concentricallybracedframe中心支撐框架confiningboundaryelement約束邊緣構(gòu)件corecolumn芯柱cornercolumn角柱coupledtorsionmethod扭轉(zhuǎn)藕聯(lián)方法couplingbeam連梁criticaldamping臨界阻尼crosswisebrace交叉支撐dampedfreevibration有阻尼自由振動dampingratio阻尼比

deformationspredominantlyduetoshear剪切變形為主designbasicaccelerationofgroundmotion設(shè)計基本地震加速度designcharacteristicperiodofgroundmotion設(shè)計特征周期designearthquakegroups設(shè)計地震分組designparametersofgroundmotion設(shè)計地震動參數(shù)detailofseismicdesign抗震構(gòu)造措施diaphragmdiscontinuity樓面不連續(xù)discontinuityinbearingcapacity承載力突變discontinuityinverticalanti-lateral-forcemembers豎向抗側(cè)力構(gòu)件不連續(xù)displacement-relevanttype位移相關(guān)型dog-boneconnection狗骨節(jié)點doubleplate貼板double-limbcouplingwall雙肢抗震墻ductility延性dynamiccharacteristics動力特性earthquakeaction地震作用eccentricallybracedframe偏心支撐框架elasto-plasticdeformationanalysis彈塑性變形分析elato-plasictime-historyanalyzingmethod彈塑性時程分析end-column端柱energy-dissipatingbeamsegment耗能梁段energy-dissipatingcomponent耗能構(gòu)件equivalentstaticlateralforce等效側(cè)向靜力荷載equivalentviscousdampingratio等效粘滯阻尼比expansionjoint/contractionjoint伸縮縫favorable/unfavorable/hazardousseismicfortificationplats有利/不利/危險地段fixinglocation嵌固部位framestructure框架結(jié)構(gòu)frame-brace框架-支撐frame-core-tubestructure框架-核心筒結(jié)構(gòu)framedtube框架-筒體frame-supportwallstructure部分框支抗震墻結(jié)構(gòu)frame-wallstructure框架-抗震墻結(jié)構(gòu)frequentlyearthquake多遇地震fullpenetrationbuttwelds完全熔透坡口焊geotechnicalstability巖土地震的穩(wěn)定性grade1/2/3framedstructure1/2/3級框架grade1/2/3wall1/2/3級抗震墻gradeofliquefaction液化等級gravityadditionalbendingmoment重力附加彎矩greatframe巨型框架groundsubsidenee震陷height-widthratio高寬比hiddeneolumn暗柱hidden-beam暗梁horizontalbrace水平支撐horizontalseismicinflueneeeoeffieient水平地震影響系數(shù)horizontaltransmissionmember水平轉(zhuǎn)換構(gòu)件inverted-vshapebraee人字支撐isolationjoint抗震縫joint-panelsheardeformation節(jié)點域剪切變形k-shapebraeeK型支撐Iandslide滑坡lateralbraeedpoint側(cè)向支承點lateraldisplaeement(sway)stiffness側(cè)移剛度lateral-foree-resistingsystem抗側(cè)力體系limitvalueofelaso-plastiestorydriftrotation彈塑性層間位移角限值limitvalueofelastiestorydriftrotation彈性層間位移角限值linearstatie/dynamieanalyzingmethod線性靜/動力分析方法liquefaetion液化liquefaetionindex液化指數(shù)liquefaetionmitigationmeasure抗液化措施liquefaetionsubsoil液化地基Ionelytallhill高聳孤立的山丘Iong-eantileveredstrueture長懸臂結(jié)構(gòu)Iongitudinalwall縱墻lumpedmass集中質(zhì)里majorearthquake大震maximumpressureonfoundationbottom基底最大壓力maximumratiooftotalheighttototalwidth最大高寬比meanpressureonfoundationbottom基底平均壓力meehanicmodel力學模型mode振型、模態(tài)modeparticipationfactor振型參與系數(shù)momentresistingframe框架non-liquefaetion不液化non-rockysteepslope非巖石的陡坡obliquedirectionlateral-force-resistingmember斜交抗側(cè)力構(gòu)件ordinaryboundaryelement構(gòu)造邊緣構(gòu)件ordinarybraeedframe普通支撐框架

ordinaryhoop普通箍筋overlayingdepth覆蓋層厚度parapetwithoutanchorage無錨固女兒墻partialfactorforhorizontalseismicaction水平地震作用分項系數(shù)partialfactorforverticalseismicaction豎向地震作用分項系數(shù)peakgroundacceleration地面加速度峰值plastichinge塑性鉸polarmomentofinertial極慣性矩pre-castfloor/roof裝配式樓蓋/屋面prefabricatedconcreteroof/floor預制樓蓋/屋蓋probabilityofexceedenee超越概率rarelyearthquake罕遇地震recurreneeinterval重現(xiàn)周期reductionfactorfortheliquefactioneffectofsoillayer土層液化影響折減系數(shù)reentrancecornersirregularity凹凸不規(guī)則reentrantcorner凹角regularseismicbuilding規(guī)則抗震建筑reinforcedconcretespandrelgirder鋼筋混凝土托墻梁reinforcedconcretewallplanewithhiddensteelbrace內(nèi)藏鋼支撐鋼筋混凝土墻板reinforcedconcretewallplanewithverticalseparators帶豎縫鋼筋混凝土墻板representativevalueofgravity重力何載代表值responsespectrum反應譜responsespectrummethodformodalanalysis振型分解反應譜法restoring-forcecharacteristicmodel恢復力模型retainingwall抗撞墻rigidbase剛性地基rigid/semi-rigid/flexiblediaphragm剛性/半剛性/柔性隔板riverbank河岸rubberisolatorunit橡膠隔震單元saturatedsand飽和砂土saturatedsilt飽和粘土secantstiffness割線剛度secondaryeffectofgravitation重力二階效應seismicadjustingfactorforloadingcapacity承載力抗震調(diào)整系數(shù)seismiccapacityforthenodesofframe框架節(jié)點核心區(qū)地震承載力seismicconceptdesignofbuildings建筑抗震概念設(shè)計seismicdetailrequirement抗震構(gòu)造要求seismicfortificationcategory抗震設(shè)防類別seismicfortificationcriterion抗震設(shè)防標準seismicfortificationintensity抗震設(shè)防烈度seismicfortificationmeasures抗震措施seismicmultiple-defenselines多道抗震防線seismicoverturningmoment地震傾覆彎矩seismicshearfactorvalueoffloorlevel樓層地震剪力系數(shù)seismicshearforce地震剪力seismicsoilbearingcapacity地基抗震承載力seismicallyisolated隔震的settlementcausedbyliquefaction液化沉陷settlementjoint沉降縫shear-wavevelocityofsoil剪切波速singlediagonalbrace單斜桿支撐site場地site-classes場地類別slab-column-structuralwallstructure板柱-抗震墻結(jié)構(gòu)softsubsoil軟土地基specialconcentricallybracedframe特殊中心支撐框架speedlinearrelevanttype速度線性相關(guān)型speednon-linearrelevanttype速度非線性相關(guān)型spiralhoop螺旋箍stiffnessirregularity側(cè)向剛度不規(guī)則storydisplacement樓層位移storystrengtheningwithoutriggermember加強層storyyieldstrengthcoefficient樓層屈服強度系數(shù)strengthreducingfactorundercyclingload受循環(huán)荷載時強度降低系數(shù)stressconcentration應力集中strip-protrudingspur條狀突出的山嘴strong-column/weak-beam強柱弱梁supporting-column框支柱theadjusting factorofslopeforthelineardecreasesection直線下降段的下降斜率調(diào)整系數(shù)thedampingadjustmentfactor阻尼調(diào)整系數(shù)thehorizontaldynamicstiffness水平動剛度theminimumhoopcharacteristic最小配箍率特征值thenaturalvibrationperiod自振周期thepowerindexofthecurvilineardecreasesection曲線下降段的衰減指數(shù)thespacingofhoops箍筋間距theultimateshearcapacityofabolt一個螺栓的極限受剪承載力theyieldcapacityforthejoint-panelofbeamandcolumn梁柱節(jié)點區(qū)域屈服承載力tiecolumn構(gòu)造柱torsioneffect扭轉(zhuǎn)效應torsionalirregularity扭轉(zhuǎn)不規(guī)則transfereneestory轉(zhuǎn)換層transversewall橫墻trusstube桁架-筒體tubeintubestructure筒中筒結(jié)構(gòu)tubes束筒verticalandlateraldistributionwebreinforeement豎向和橫向分布鋼筋（抗震墻）verticalseismicaction豎向地震作用verticalseismicinflueneecoefficient豎向地震影響系數(shù)volumetricratioof hoopreinforcement體積配箍率wallstructure抗震墻結(jié)構(gòu)weakregionofseismicbuilding抗震建筑薄弱部位weakstory薄弱層

Chapter3 Foundation第三章地基基礎(chǔ)aunder-reamedcast-in-situpile擴底灌注樁aweakunderlyingstratum軟弱下臥層activeearthpressure主動土壓力adjacentexcavation相鄰基坑adjacentpile相鄰樁allowabledifferentialsettlements容許差異沉降allowablesubsoildeformation地基變形允許值allowablevalue允許值anchordepth錨固深度anchorforce錨固力anchorpile錨樁anchorplate錨墊板anchorrod錨桿anchoredretainingwall錨桿擋墻angleofinclination/inclination傾角angleofinternalfrictionofthesoil土的內(nèi)摩擦角angulargravel角礫arcslidingsurfacemethod圓弧滑動面法averageadditionalpressure平均附加壓力averagepressure平均壓力basefailure地基破壞baseplateofmatfoundation筏基底板beamsonelasticfoundation彈性地基梁blockstone塊石boredpile鉆孔樁boring鉆孔boulders漂石boxfoundation箱型基礎(chǔ)bracedexcavation支撐開挖brickfoundation磚基礎(chǔ)brokenstone/crushedstone碎石cantileversheetpilewall懸臂式板樁墻casing套管casingfilledwithconcrete套管內(nèi)灌混凝土cast-in-situconcretepilefoundation混凝土灌注樁基礎(chǔ)centerpile中心樁changingofgroundwaterlevel地下水位變化

characteristicvalue特征值checkoncompression抗壓驗算checkonshearstrength抗剪驗算clay粘土clearaneespace凈空coarsesand粗紗cobble卵石coefficientofadditionalstress附加應力系數(shù)coefficientofcompressibility壓縮系數(shù)coefficientofconsolidation固結(jié)系數(shù)coefficientofpermeability滲透系數(shù)cohesionforce粘聚力cohesivesoil粘性土combinedfoundation聯(lián)合基礎(chǔ)compactionpiles壓實樁compensatedfoundation補償基礎(chǔ)compositesubgrade/compositefoundation復合地基concreteagainstinfiltration抗?jié)B混凝土concretefoundation混凝土基礎(chǔ)conefoundation錐形基礎(chǔ)conepenetrationtest (CPT)圓錐灌入試驗connectionbeam聯(lián)系梁consolidation固結(jié)consolidationcurve固結(jié)曲線consolidationtest固結(jié)試驗consolidationtheory固結(jié)理論constanthead常水頭contentsofgrains顆粒含量cornerpile角樁cornerpointmethod角點法correctionfactorfordepth深度修正系數(shù)counter-fortwalls扶壁式擋土墻cushioncourse墊層deepbasement深層地下室deepexcavation深開挖deep-mixingpile深層攪拌樁deformationcompatibility變形協(xié)調(diào)degreeofsaturation飽和度depthofexcavation開挖深度designofwallagainstsliding擋土墻抗滑設(shè)計diaphragmwalls地下連續(xù)墻

differeneeinsettlements沉降差directsheartest直剪試驗drainagelayer排水層drainageoffooting基礎(chǔ)排水drainageofwall擋墻的排水drivencast-in-placepile沉管灌注樁drivenpile打入樁driving打樁drivingshoe樁頭/樁靴drophammer落錘drydensity干密度dryunitweight干容重dynamicpilecapacity樁的動承載力earthworks土方工程eccentricload偏心荷載eccentricallyloadedfoundation偏心受荷基礎(chǔ)effectivegravitationaldensity浮重度embedmentdepth埋深endbearingpiles端承樁endresistaneeofapile樁端承載力excavation開挖基坑excavationsupport structure基坑維護結(jié)構(gòu)excessporewaterpressure超空隙水壓力externalgroundlevel室外地面標高fieldvanetest現(xiàn)場十字板試驗filledandleveledarea填方整平地區(qū)filledgroundlevel填土面標高filledsoil人工填土finalsettlement最終沉降量finesand細紗flangeofvaryingthickness變厚度翼緣floatingfoundation浮筏基礎(chǔ)foundation基礎(chǔ)foundationbase基礎(chǔ)底面foundationtop基礎(chǔ)頂面foundationtypes基礎(chǔ)類型fraction粒組含量frictionpiles/floatingpiles摩擦樁generalshearfailure整體剪切破壞geologicalconditions地質(zhì)條件gravitationaldensity/gravitydensity重度、重力密度

gravityretainingwalls重力式擋土墻groundanchor土錨/地錨groundbeams地梁groundsurface室外地面groundtreatment地基處理highsocketfoundation咼杯口基礎(chǔ)high-risepilecap高樁承臺H-pileH型樁hydraulicgradient水力梯度inclinedanchor斜錨桿inclinedwall傾斜式擋土墻initialgroundwaterlevel初始地下水位insertiondepth插入深度in-situstaticloadingtestofasinglepile單樁靜載荷試驗internalgroundlevel室內(nèi)地面標高jacked-downpiles靜壓樁laboratoryvanetest室內(nèi)十字板試驗largediameterpile大直徑樁largedisplacementpile大里擠土樁large-areastorageloading大面積堆載lateralearthpressure側(cè)向土壓力lateralearthpressureatrest側(cè)向靜止土壓力laterite/redclay紅粘土layeredsoil成層土liftingofpiles樁上拔limeconcretefoundation三合十基礎(chǔ)lime-soilfoundation灰土基礎(chǔ)liquidlimit液限liquidityindex液性指數(shù)loadedpile受荷樁localshearfailure局部剪切破壞lowpilecap低樁承臺mainload-bearinglayer主要受力層matslab筏板mediumsand中砂methodofbeamsandslabsonelasticfoundation彈性地基梁板法modulusofcompressibility/constrainedmodulus壓縮模量Mohr'sstresscircle摩爾應力圓moisturecontentofsoil土的含水量muck淤泥muckysoil淤泥質(zhì)土

multi-layersummationmethod分層總和法naturalsubsoil天然地基negativeskinfriction負摩阻力netpressure凈壓力netwaterpressure凈水壓力non-displacementpile非擠土樁non-reinforcedspreadfoundation無筋擴展基礎(chǔ)non-uniformsoils不均勻地基normallyconsolidated正常固結(jié)offshorefoundation海岸基礎(chǔ)optimumwatercontent最佳含水量orderofdriving打樁順序overburdenpressure超載壓力over-consolidated超固結(jié)overturningofretainingwall擋土墻的傾覆padfoundationbeneathcolumns柱下獨立基礎(chǔ)partialtilting局部傾斜particleshape顆粒形狀particlesize粒徑passiveearthpressure被動土壓力penetrationdepth灌入深度penetration-resistantgrade抗?jié)B等級perlinermeter每延米pilecap承臺piledefect樁的缺陷pilefailure樁破壞pilefailuremode樁的破壞模式pilefoundation樁基礎(chǔ)pilegroup群樁pilepoint樁尖pileshaft樁身pileshaftstrength樁身強度pilespace樁距piletype樁型plasticlimit塑限plasticityindex塑性指數(shù)plateloadtest平板載荷試驗porepressure空隙壓力porewaterpressure空隙水壓力porosity空隙率pre-castconcretepilefoundation混凝土預制樁基礎(chǔ)

preloadedfoundationsoils預壓地基primaryconsolidation主固結(jié)primarysettlement初始沉降pulloutresistaneeoffootingatdepth深基礎(chǔ)的抗拔力pulloutresistaneeofshallowfooting淺基礎(chǔ)的抗拔力punching沖切punchingfailure沖切破壞punchingfailurecone沖切破壞錐體rackedpiles/rakerpiles/batterpiles斜樁raftfoundation/matfoundation筏基redrivingofpiles樁復打reinforcedearth加勁土reinforcedearthwall加勁土墻retainingwalls擋土墻retrainingstructure支擋結(jié)構(gòu)rigidfoundation剛性基礎(chǔ)risenpile上抬的樁rock巖石rockanchor巖錨rockdiscontinuitystructureplan巖體結(jié)構(gòu)面rock-inlaidcast-in-situpile嵌巖灌注樁roundedgravel圓礫rubbleconcretefoundation毛石混凝土基礎(chǔ)rubblefoundation毛石基礎(chǔ)sampledisturbanee土樣擾動screwpiles螺旋樁secondaryconsolidation次固結(jié)settlement沉降，沉降量settlementobservation沉降觀測settlementrate沉降速率shallowfoundation淺基礎(chǔ)shearkeyinslidingwall抗滑墻上的剪力鍵sideofpilegroup群樁的周邊silkyclay粉質(zhì)粘土silkysand粉沙silkysoil粉土single-storybentstructures單層排架結(jié)構(gòu)skin frictionofapile樁側(cè)摩阻力skinareaofpiles樁周面積slabfoundation平板式筏基slidingmoment滑動力矩

sliding-resistantmoment抗滑力矩slipsurface滑動面slope邊坡slopeangle邊坡坡角slopestability邊坡穩(wěn)定性slurryexcavation泥漿開挖slurrytrenchpile泥漿護壁類樁型slurrywalls泥漿連續(xù)墻smalldisplacementpile少量擠土樁socketbase杯底socketfoundation杯口基礎(chǔ)socketwall杯臂softcohesivesoil軟弱粘土soilaggregategravellysoil碎石土soilclassification土的分類soilofhighcompressibility高壓縮性土soiloflowcompressibility低壓縮性土soilofmediumcompressibility中壓縮性土soil-compactingeffect/soil-squeezingeffect擠土效應soil-rockcompositesubgrade土巖組合地基solidierpile直樁spreadfoundation擴展基礎(chǔ)stabilityoffoundation地基穩(wěn)定性standardfrostpenetration(depth)標準凍深standardpenetrationtest(SPT)標準灌入試驗staticwaterpressures靜止水壓力steelsheetpiles鋼板樁steppedfoundation階梯型基礎(chǔ)stiffenedslabfoundation梁板式筏基stressincrease應力增量stressrelease應力釋放stripfoundationbeneathcolumns柱下條形基礎(chǔ)stripfoundationbeneathwalls墻下條形基礎(chǔ)stripfoundationwithcrossbeams交叉條形基礎(chǔ)stripload條形荷載strutscriticaldepth支撐臨界深度subgrade地基subgradebearingcapacity地基承載力substratum下臥層superstructure上部結(jié)構(gòu)surface-emptyphenomena脫空現(xiàn)象

thebearingstratum持力層depthoffoundationforsettlementcalculation地基沉降計算深度themediumweatheredrock中風化巖石theminimumreinforcementratio最小配筋率theperipherallengthofthepileshaft樁身周長theprincipleofstresssuperposition應力疊加原理thereportofengineeringgeologicalsurvey工程地質(zhì)勘查報告theslightlyweatheredrock微風化巖石theWinklerfoundationmodel文可勒地基模型three-pilecap三樁承臺thrustduetolandslide滑坡推力tilting傾斜toeofretainingwall擋土墻趾triaxialtest三軸試驗ultimateloadofpilegroup群樁極限何載unconfinedcompressiontest無側(cè)限壓縮試驗undrainedshearstrength不排水抗剪強度uniaxialcompression單軸壓縮unitweightofsoil土的容重verticalbearingcapacityofapile單樁豎向承載力voidratio/porosityratio空隙比watersaturation水飽和weightedaveragegravitationaldensity加權(quán)平均重度width-heightratioofstep臺階高寬比第四章鋼筋混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)Chapter4 ReinforcementConcrete第四章鋼筋混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)abamurus擋土墻，扶壁abutmentwall/flangewall翼墻accelerant/acceleratedagent促凝劑acceleratedcement快凝水泥acceptaneespecification驗收規(guī)范acidandalkali-resistantgrout耐酸堿水泥漿acidandalkali-resistantmortar耐酸堿水泥砂漿additionagent添加劑adhesive膠粘劑adhesiveattraction附著力adhesivebitumenprimer冷底子油aeroconcrete加氣混凝土age齡期aggregate骨料allowablestressdesign容許應力設(shè)計axialcompression軸壓axialcompressiveload軸心壓力axialtension軸拉bebentcold冷彎beamdepth梁高beam-to-columnconnections梁柱節(jié)點bent-upbar彎起鋼筋bottomreinforcement底筋boundaryelements(orzones)邊緣構(gòu)件或區(qū)域bundle綁軋buttress扶壁柱cantileverbeam懸臂梁cast-in-placeconcrete現(xiàn)澆混凝土centroidalaxis中心軸clearcover保護層clearspacing凈距clearspan凈跨coarseaggregate粗骨料collartiebeam/ring-beam圈梁column柱column-to-footingconnection柱腳節(jié)點compressionreinforcement受壓鋼筋

compression-controlledsection受壓控制截面compressivestrength抗壓強度concretestructures混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)constructionjoints施工縫continuingbar連續(xù)鋼筋continuous連續(xù)continuousbeams連續(xù)梁continuousslabs連續(xù)板corrosionprotection防腐crack開裂，裂縫crackingmoment開裂彎矩creep徐變crosssection橫截面crosssection截面cure養(yǎng)護deepbeam深梁deformed/spiral reinforcement螺紋鋼筋depthofslab板厚depth-spanratio高跨比designloadcombinations設(shè)計何載組合developmentlength/laplength搭接長度ductsforgrouted灌漿管durability耐久性dynamicamplificationfactor動力放大系數(shù)effectivecompressiveflange有效受壓翼緣effectivecross-sectionalarea有效截面effectivedepthofsection截面有效高度effectiveprestress有效預應力elasticdeflection彈性變形embedmentlength錨固長度equivalentrectangularcolumn正方形截面柱expansivecement膨脹水泥exteriorbasementwall地下室外墻factoredload乘以分項系數(shù)的荷載fineaggregate細骨料fireprotection防火fixed固定flange翼板flexuralandcompressionmembers壓彎構(gòu)件footingsofbuildings建筑物底部form模板

formulas公式framestructurewithspecial-shapedcolumns異型柱框架結(jié)構(gòu)frame-trussstructurewithspecial-shapedcolumns異型柱框架-桁架結(jié)構(gòu)grade等級grade60concreteC60混凝土gradebeam地基梁grosssection全截面grout水泥漿grouting灌漿high-early-strengthcement早強水泥high-strengthsteelbar高強鋼筋hollow-coreslab空心樓板hydrauliccement水泥inclinedbeam斜梁inclinedstirrup斜向箍筋in-planeforce面內(nèi)荷載isolationjoint分隔縫joint節(jié)點lapsplices搭接largevolumesofconcrete大體積混凝土lateralforce-resistingsystems抗側(cè)體系layer層lengthover梁、柱全長lift-slabconstruction升板施工lightweightaggregate輕骨料lightweightconcrete輕質(zhì)混凝土loadedarea荷載面積Iongitudinalreinforcement縱筋I(lǐng)ong-timedeflection永久變形lossofprestress預應力損失materialsforgrout灌漿料mechanicalanchorage機械錨固mechanicalconnections機械連接midspan跨中minimumslabthickness最小板厚mix攪拌mixproportions配比momentmagnificationfactor彎矩放大系數(shù)momentofinertia慣性矩moment-resistingframes剛架negativemoment負彎矩

negativemomentreinforcement梁上部縱筋neutralaxis中和軸nominaldiameterofbar鋼筋直徑nominalstrength強度標準值nonpre-stressedreinforcement非預應力鋼筋nonbearingwall非承重墻non—potablewater非飲用水nonstructuralmembers非結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件nonswaycolumn非搖擺柱nonswayframe無側(cè)移框架one-wayslabs單向板opening開洞overallthickness總厚overstressed超應力pedestal基座pilaster壁柱plainconcrete素混凝土plainreinforcement光面鋼筋plastichingeregion塑性鉸區(qū)Portlandcement波特蘭水泥positivemoment正彎矩positivemomentreinforcement梁下部縱筋post-tension后張拉pre-castconcrete預制混凝土prestresslosses預應力損失pre-stressedconcrete預應力混凝土pre-stressingtendons預應力鋼筋pretension先張法rectangularbeam矩形梁reductionfactors折減系數(shù)reinforcedconcrete鋼筋混凝土reinforcedgypsumconcrete鋼筋石膏混凝土reinforcementaroundstructuralsteelcore鋼骨外包混凝土reinforcementratio配筋率relaxationoftendonstress鋼筋預應力松弛residualdeflection/deformation殘余變形rib肋seismichook箍筋抗震鉤seismiczones地震區(qū)settlementofsupports支座沉降seven-daystrength7天強度

shearbar抗剪鋼筋shearkey抗剪鍵shearreinforcement梁箍筋shearwalls剪力墻shore支撐架short-limbshearwall短肢剪力墻short-limbshearwallstructurewithspecial-shapedcolumns異型柱一短肢剪力墻結(jié)構(gòu)shrinkage/contraction收縮shrinkage-compensatingconcrete無收縮混凝土sidefacereinforcement梁腰筋simplysupportedbeams簡支梁simplysupportedsolidslabs間支板six-bar-diameter六倍鋼筋直徑slab樓板slabwithoutbeams.無梁樓蓋slag礦渣slagcement火山灰水泥spanlength跨度special-shapedcolumn異形柱spiralreinforcement柱箍筋splittingtensilestrength拉裂強度standarddeviation標準差steamcuring蒸汽養(yǎng)護steel-encasedconcretecore鋼包核心混凝土stiffnessreductionfactor剛度折減系數(shù)stirrup箍筋strength強度strengthdesign強度設(shè)計strength-reductionfactor強度折減系數(shù)stripping拆模strongcolumn/weakbeam強柱弱梁strongconnection強節(jié)點structuraldiaphragm結(jié)構(gòu)隔板structuralmembers結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件structuralsystemwithspecial-shapedcolumns異型柱結(jié)構(gòu)體系structuraltrusses結(jié)構(gòu)桁架strut支柱support支座supportreaction支座反力tensilestrain拉應變

tensilestrength抗拉強度tensionandshearactsimultaneously拉力與剪力冋時作用tensionreinforcement受拉鋼筋tension-controlledsection受拉控制截面toleranee公差topreinforcement頂筋torsionreinforcement抗扭鋼筋transversereinforcement橫向鋼筋two-wayslab雙向板volumetricratio體積比wallpier短肢墻water-cementratio水灰比water-cementratiobyweight重量水灰比web腹板weldedsplices焊接whitePortlandcement白水泥Chapter5SteelStructure第五章鋼結(jié)構(gòu)arigidbeam-to-columnconnection梁柱剛性連接accuracyofconstruction(fabrication)安裝精度acid-pickle酸洗additionaltests附加檢驗additionaltestsonsteels鋼材附加檢驗alignment對準allowableslendernessratio容許長細比allowablestressrange容許應力幅angleofstressdispersal應力擴散角automatic welding自動焊automaticorsemi-automaticprocess全自動或半自動方式backingplate襯板，墊板battenedmembers綴板柱battens,battenplate綴板beam-columns壓彎構(gòu)件bearingconnection承壓連接bearingstength承壓強度bearingstiffener支承加勁肋bendtest彎曲試驗blast-clean磨砂bolttightening螺栓擰緊boltedconnections螺栓連接bolting螺栓branchmember支管brittlefracture脆斷buttwelds對頭焊接camber起拱carboncontent碳含量carbonstructuralsteels碳素結(jié)構(gòu)鋼caststeel鑄鋼CharpyV-notchimpacttestv形坡口沖擊試驗chordmember弦桿cladding涂層closedsection閉口截面coefficientofequivalent