形容詞、副詞我有 【知識梳理+典例引路+拓展提升】 中考英語 必背語法核心知識精講精練

語法無憂形容詞、副詞我有形容詞與副詞一、形容詞形容詞的用法1.作定語，一般放在所修飾詞的前面，即我們說的形修名。e.g.It’sacoldandwindyday.2.作表語，一般放在系動詞之后。系動詞1狀態(tài)系動詞be2表象系動詞seem3感官系動詞look/feel/smell/sound/taste4持續(xù)系動詞keep/stay5變化系動詞become/turn/go/get/grow3.形容詞修飾something，anything，nothing，everything等復合不定代詞時，須放在其后。e.g.Wouldyoulikesomethinghottodrink?*拓展：enough修飾形容詞時，放在enough前面——adj+enough4.貌似副詞的形容詞：lonely獨自的；friendly友好的；lively生動的；lovely可愛的;likely可能的；ugly丑陋的e.g.Oldpeoplemayfeel___D_____iftheylivealoneforalongtime.A.gentlyB.safelyC.quietlyD.Lonely*注意：likelybelikelytobe/do很有可能……e.g.Theweatherislikelytobefine.A)strangelyB)kinglyC)happilyD)lovely5.作賓補e.g.Hefounditeasytochatwithpeopleonline.*拓展：makesthadj.keepsthadj.6.復合形容詞：well-known眾所周知的；kind-hearted善良的；man-made人造的；ten-year-old十歲的形容詞的句型1.It’s+adj.+ofsb.+todosth.——”某人(做某事)怎么樣”。*注意：這一句型中常用描述行為者的性格、品質的形容詞，如good，kind，nice，clever，foolish。e.g.It’sverykindofyoutohelpme.=youareverykindtohelpme.你能幫助我，真好。2.It’s+adj.+forsb.+todosth.——“做某事對某人來說怎么樣”。*注意：這一句型中常用的形容詞,如important,necessary,difficult,easy,dangerous,interesting,possible等。e.g.It’snoteasyforthemtolearnaforeignlanguage.=tolearnaforeignlanguageisnoteasyforthem.3.甲+be+(倍數(shù))+as+形容詞原級+as+乙——“甲和乙程度相同”或“甲是乙的幾倍”e.g.TomisasoldasKate.TomistwiceasoldasKate.4.甲+be+not+as/so+形容詞原級+as+乙——甲不如乙…e.g.Thisroomisnotas/sobigasthatone.5.主語+be+adj+介詞+其他——形容詞和介詞的固定搭配e.g.OxfordUniversityispopularwithtourists.I’minterestedinplayingtabletennis.二、副詞副詞的分類方式副詞：well，fast，slowly，carefully，quickly程度副詞：very，much，enough，almost，rather，quite地點副詞：here，there，out，somewhere，abroad，home，時間副詞：today，early，soon，now，then，recently，still頻度副詞：always，often，usually，sometimes，seldom，never否定副詞：no，not，neither，nor，疑問副詞：where，how，why其他：also，too，only副詞的位置和用法1.副詞修飾動詞時，通常位于被修飾動詞的后面。有時也會擋在動詞前面。e.g.Sheisworkinghard.Itcanbeeasilyfound.2.副詞修飾形容詞時，通常放在該形容詞的前面。e.g.Theboyistooyoung.Hecan’tcarrytheheavybox.Heisaveryfunnyboy.3.副詞修飾其他副詞時，通常放在被修飾副詞的前面。e.g.Thegirldancesverywell.4.放在句首，修飾全句。e.g.Luckily,hepassedtheexamatlast.即可作形容詞也可作副詞：fast，high,deep,straight，hard，late,early,enough.e.g.runfaststraightlinehardworklateAutumnenoughmoneyfastdevelopmentgostraightworkhardgetuplategoodenough三、形容詞和副詞的原級比較1.甲+謂語動詞+as+形容詞/副詞原級+as+乙+….e.g.Heisasexcitedashisyoungersister.Sherodeherbikeasslowlyasanoldlady.2.甲+謂語動詞(否定式)+as/so+形容詞/副詞原級+as+乙+…..e.g.Heisnotso/asexcitedashisyoungersister.四、形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級（一）變法：(1)規(guī)則變化1.一般在詞尾直接加er或est，tall-taller-tallest，long-longer-longest2.以不發(fā)音的字母e結尾的單詞在詞尾直接加r或st，nice-nicer-nicest3.以輔音字母+y結尾的詞，把y變?yōu)閕，再加er或est，heavy-heavier-heaviest4.重讀閉音節(jié)，末尾只有一個輔音字母，雙寫這個輔音字母，再加er或est，big-bigger-biggest5.部分雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞分別在原級前加more構成比較級和most構成最高級，slowly-moreslowly-mostslowly；beautiful-morebeautiful-mostbeautiful(2)不規(guī)則變法：原級比較級最高級

good(好的)betterbest

well(健康的)betterbest

bad(壞的)worseworst

ill(有病的)worseworst

old(老的)older/elderoldest/eldest

much/many(多的)moremost

little(少的)lessleast

far(遠的)farther/furtherfarthest/furthest*注意：father和further都可以表示時間上、距離上的“更遠”，但是表示“更進一步”時只能用further.e.g.Wehadbettergetfurthereducation.（二）比較級的用法(倍數(shù))比較級＋than，表示“甲比乙…”或“甲比乙…幾倍”eg.TomistallerthanKate.Thisroomistwicelargerthanthatone.=Theroomistwiceaslargeasthatone.有表示程度的副詞alittle,abit,alot,much,even,still,far,rather,any等修飾時，用比較級。eg.Itismuchcoolertodaythanbefore.*拓展：只能修飾形容詞原級的副詞有：so,quite,very,too表示兩者之間進行選擇“哪一個更.....”時，用句型“特殊疑問詞+is+形容詞比較級，AorB?”eg.Whoistaller,TomorJim?表示“越來越??”，用比較級重疊結構，“比較級+比較級”；“moreandmore+形容詞原級”。eg.It'sgettingwarmerandwarmerinspring.Ourhometownisbecomingmoreandmorebeautiful表示“越??就越??”時，用“the+比較級1，the+比較級2“結構e.g.Thecoolertheweatheris,thebetterIfeel.（三）最高級的用法…the+最高級+(名詞)+表示范圍(in/of)的短語或從句e.g.Heisthestrongestofalltheboys.HeisthekindestmanthatIhaveevermet.…thesecond(third…)+最高級+(名詞)+表示范圍的短語“……是第二(三……)……”e.g.TheChongmingIslandisthethirdbiggestislandinChina.表示“最……之一”時，用“oneof+the+最高級+名詞復數(shù)”。e.g.Thelightbulbisoneofthemosthelpfulinventions.形容詞最高級前可以由物主代詞、指示代詞、名詞所有格等修飾，此時不用定冠詞the。e.g.Yesterdayisherhappiestdayinherlife.特殊疑問詞+be+the+最高級,甲，乙，or丙?e.g.whichcountryisthelargest,china,brazilorCanada?1．（2022·上海黃浦·一模）ThecityofChennaihasseenseverefloodingafterits_________rainfallsince2015.A．heavy B．heavier C．heaviest D．theheaviest2．（2022·上海青浦·一模）Nowadayswearehavingamuch________lifewiththehelpofsmartphones.A．good B．well C．better D．best3．（2022·上海虹口·一模）Thestaffcompletedtheprojectbeforethescheduleandthemanagerseemed________.A．satisfied B．humorous C．surprisedly D．happily4．（2022·上海楊浦·一模）Playingvideogamesisnotas________asexercising.A．good B．better C．best D．thebest5．（2022·上海浦東新·一模）LiBaiwasconsideredoneof________poetsthroughouttheChinesehistory.A．great B．greater C．greatest D．thegreatest6．（2022·上海楊浦·一模）Atfirst,thestudentsdidn’tseem________withtheirnewteacher.Nowtheylovehislessons.A．happy B．happily C．happiness D．unhappy7．（2022·上海閔行·一模）Stevenlookedoutofthewindowandfoundtherainwasmuch________.A．heavy B．heavier C．heaviest D．theheaviest8．（2022·上海閔行·一模）Mygrandfatherenjoysworkinginthegardenbyhimselfandneverfeels________.A．lonely B．friendly C．quietly D．unfortunately9．（2022·上海普陀·一模）Yourideaofcampinginthecountrysidesounds________.A．beautifully B．softly C．lovely D．politely10．（2022·上海長寧·一模）Wedon’tgetlotsofcustomersonMonday,butSaturdayis________dayoftheweek.A．busy B．busier C．busiest D．thebusiest11．（2021·上海奉賢·九年級期中）Acustomercomplainedtothemanagerthatthestafflistenedtoher________.A．patiently B．patient C．impatiently D．impatient12．（2021·上海楊浦·三模）Ilikethatyouareexplainingtheserules________enoughforme.A．clear B．gently C．gentle D．clearly13．（2021·上海市進才中學北校九年級期中）Thenecklacelooks________andsells________.A．well;well B．good;nice C．nice;good D．nice;well14．（2021·上海市進才中學北校九年級期中）Computerscanworkoutmathsproblems________thanwedo.A．muchquickly B．morequick C．evenquick D．farmorequickly15．（2021·上海黃浦·二模）Everynight,mymumliesdownin