英語(yǔ)人教版高中必修一（2019新編）Unit1Teenager Life-Discovering Useful Structures-（教案）

06Discoveringusefulstructures目標(biāo)導(dǎo)航目標(biāo)導(dǎo)航知識(shí)精講知識(shí)精講【核心詞匯】survivaln.生存；幸存；幸存事物(教材p.17)We'lllearnsurvivalskills.我們將要學(xué)習(xí)生存技能。(1)survivevi. 生存；存活vt. 幸存；艱難度過(guò)survivesth. 幸免于；從……中挺過(guò)來(lái)/活下來(lái)surviveon 依靠……生存下來(lái)AsurviveB(by...) A比B活得長(zhǎng)(……)(2)survivorn. 幸存者；生還者[佳句]Muchtoourjoy,allofthe20peoplewereabletosurvivethefire,whichbroughtgreatcomforttotheirfamilies.使我們非常高興的是，20個(gè)人全部在火災(zāi)中幸免于難，這給他們的家人帶來(lái)了巨大的寬慰。[練透]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Howdoesthefamilysurviveonsuchasmallmonthlywage?②AsfarasIknow,theoldladysurvivedherhusbandby5years.③Ifhecouldn'tfindhiswayoutoftheforest,therewouldbelittlechanceofsurvival(survive).[寫(xiě)美]句式升級(jí)④Aftershehadsurvivedthatnight,shewasconfidentthateverythingelsewouldbeallright.→Havingsurvivedthatnight,shewasconfidentthateverythingelsewouldbeallright.(分詞作狀語(yǔ))[點(diǎn)津]survive表示“幸免于難”時(shí)，是及物動(dòng)詞，其后不需要加介詞in或from。【語(yǔ)法解析】1．Goingfromjuniorhighschooltoseniorhighschoolisareallybigchallenge.2．Thefirstweekwasalittleconfusing.3．First,IhadtothinkverycarefullyaboutwhichcoursesIwantedtotake.4．MyadviserrecommendedthatIshouldsignupforadvancedliteraturebecauseIlikeEnglishandI'mgoodatit.5．Themainpurposeofthecourseistohelpimproveeachstudent'sreadingability.[我的發(fā)現(xiàn)](1)句1中名詞短語(yǔ)areallybigchallenge在句中作表語(yǔ)；(2)句2中形容詞短語(yǔ)alittleconfusing在句中作表語(yǔ)；(3)句3中副詞短語(yǔ)verycarefully在句中作狀語(yǔ)；(4)句4中名詞短語(yǔ)advancedliterature在句中作賓語(yǔ)；(5)句5中名詞短語(yǔ)themainpurposeofthecourse在句中作主語(yǔ)。一、名詞短語(yǔ)(NounPhrase或NP)英語(yǔ)中，短語(yǔ)有很多種類(lèi)型，其中名詞短語(yǔ)最為重要，它是英語(yǔ)造句中不可或缺的元素。1．定義：名詞與它的修飾語(yǔ)一起構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)。2．句法功能(1)名詞短語(yǔ)在句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)。Theseredrosesareforyou.這些紅玫瑰是送給你的。(2)名詞短語(yǔ)在句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)。Ihavethreeclosefriends.我有三個(gè)要好的朋友。(3)名詞短語(yǔ)在句中充當(dāng)表語(yǔ)。Heismybestfriend.他是我最好的朋友。(4)名詞短語(yǔ)在句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。Weconsiderhimagoodteacher.我們認(rèn)為他是一位好老師。[即時(shí)演練一]寫(xiě)出下列句子中畫(huà)線的名詞短語(yǔ)在句中所作的句子成分，并注意其組成。①Theseideasmayseemstrangetoyou. 作主語(yǔ)②Weloveourgreatmotherlandverymuch. 作賓語(yǔ)③Themanwearingablackcoatisourteacher. 作表語(yǔ)④ThosebeautifulflowerscomefromYunnan. 作主語(yǔ)⑤Wemadehimcapitalofourteam. 作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)⑥Hegotthreegoldmedalsatthe23rdOlympicGames. 作賓語(yǔ)⑦Thetallbuildingwasbuiltlastyear. 作主語(yǔ)[點(diǎn)津](1)名詞短語(yǔ)在句中作名詞用，一般用作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)等。(2)名詞短語(yǔ)由“(限定詞)＋(數(shù)詞、形容詞、形容詞短語(yǔ)、描述性名詞)＋名詞＋(介詞短語(yǔ))”組成。(3)限定詞包括冠詞(a，an，the)、指示代詞(this，that，these，those等)、形容詞性物主代詞(my，your，his，her，our，their，its等)和不定代詞(some，no，neither，both等)。二、形容詞短語(yǔ)(AdjectivePhrase或AdjP)1．定義：由幾個(gè)形容詞或形容詞及其修飾語(yǔ)構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)。2．組成(1)兩個(gè)或多個(gè)形容詞由and或but等連接構(gòu)成形容詞短語(yǔ)。Yourroomislargeandbeautiful.你的房間又大又漂亮。(2)very等程度副詞作修飾語(yǔ)，可與形容詞構(gòu)成形容詞短語(yǔ)。Itisveryhottoday.今天很熱。(3)介詞及其賓語(yǔ)可用在形容詞后修飾形容詞，可與形容詞構(gòu)成形容詞短語(yǔ)。Iamsureofsuccess.我確信會(huì)成功。(4)不定式在形容詞后作修飾語(yǔ)，可與形容詞構(gòu)成形容詞短語(yǔ)。Heissuretocome.他一定會(huì)來(lái)。[即時(shí)演練二]寫(xiě)出下列句子中的形容詞短語(yǔ)①Heisyoungbutclever. youngbutclever②Theroomwasverydirty. verydirty③Theroadislongenough. longenough④Thebottleisfullofwater. fullofwater⑤Sheisagirllivelyandlovely. livelyandlovely3．句法功能(1)作表語(yǔ)Thebridgeislongandwide.這座橋又長(zhǎng)又寬。(2)作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)Ithinkyouranswercorrectandproper.我認(rèn)為你的答案正確且恰當(dāng)。(3)用在名詞的前面或后面作定語(yǔ)。Wehaveasmallbutbeautifulroom.我們有一個(gè)漂亮的小房間。Heisaworkerworthyofpraise.他是一個(gè)值得表?yè)P(yáng)的工人。[即時(shí)演練三]寫(xiě)出下列句子中畫(huà)線的形容詞短語(yǔ)在句中所作的句子成分，并注意其組成。①Theairtodayisniceandclean． 作表語(yǔ)②Hefoundthefilmveryinteresting. 作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)③Thisisasubjectworthyofcarefulstudy. 作定語(yǔ)④OurEnglishteacherisveryniceandpatient. 作表語(yǔ)⑤Ifounditveryhardtogetalongwithforeigners. 作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)[點(diǎn)津](1)形容詞短語(yǔ)在句中當(dāng)作形容詞用，可以修飾名詞或代詞，還可以用作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。(2)形容詞短語(yǔ)由“(副詞)＋形容詞＋(介詞短語(yǔ))”組成。三、副詞短語(yǔ)(AdverbPhrase或AdvP)1．定義：由幾個(gè)副詞或副詞及其修飾語(yǔ)構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)。2．組成(1)兩個(gè)或多個(gè)副詞可以由and或but等連接構(gòu)成副詞短語(yǔ)。Itriedagainandagain.我試了一遍又一遍。(2)very,extremely等程度副詞作修飾語(yǔ)，可以與其他副詞構(gòu)成副詞短語(yǔ)。Herunsextremelyfast.他跑得快極了。(3)介詞及其賓語(yǔ)可用在副詞后修飾副詞，可與副詞構(gòu)成副詞短語(yǔ)。Hewentonstudyingdeepintothenightyesterday.昨天他一直學(xué)習(xí)到深夜。[即時(shí)演練四]寫(xiě)出下列句子中的副詞短語(yǔ)①Shetypesquicklyandcorrectly.quicklyandcorrectly②Hecanfinishthatmuchquicker.muchquicker③Theteacherspeaksclearlyenough.clearlyenough3．句法功能：副詞短語(yǔ)在句中主要用作狀語(yǔ)，修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞或副詞。Iwarnedhimagainandagain.我一再警告他。(副詞短語(yǔ)againandagain修飾warned)Don'ttalksoloudly.別大聲喧嘩。(副詞短語(yǔ)soloudly修飾talk)[即時(shí)演練五]寫(xiě)出下列句子中畫(huà)線的副詞短語(yǔ)在句中所作的句子成分及修飾成分，并注意其組成。①Heranveryquicklyyesterday. 修飾動(dòng)詞；作狀語(yǔ)②Iammuchtoopleasedtoseeyou. 修飾形容詞；作狀語(yǔ)③Sheplayswellenoughasabeginner. 修飾動(dòng)詞；作狀語(yǔ)④Heworkedmuchmorecarefullyonthenewdesign. 修飾副詞；作狀語(yǔ)[點(diǎn)津](1)副詞短語(yǔ)在句中作副詞用，可以修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞或副詞，作狀語(yǔ)。(2)副詞短語(yǔ)由“(副詞)＋副詞”組成。分層提分分層提分基礎(chǔ)過(guò)關(guān)基礎(chǔ)過(guò)關(guān)1.①a②big③withabeautifulgarden④such⑤houseHelivesin__________________________________________________.2.①than②more③important④muchThetaskis________________________________________ever.3.①beautiful②the③ofourschool④campusLook!Thisis________________________________________.4.①of②afraid③dog④theShedoesn'tdaretogooutaloneatnight,becausesheis________________________________________.5.①and②beautiful③a④generous⑤reallySheis__________________________________________________girl.6.Hetoldmeafunnystory.(屬于__________;在句中作__________)7.ShespeaksEnglishveryfluently.(屬于__________;在句中作__________)8.HarvardisoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesintheUnitedStates.(屬于__________;在句中作__________)9.

ChristopherReeve①_____(star)infourSupermanfilmsfrom1978to1987.Hespenthissparetime②_____(visit)sickchildreninhospitalsanddoingmanyothergoodthings,andsoongainedabigreputation.③_____,whilehewasridingahorse,hefelloffthehorseandbrokehisneck.Duetothesupportofhiswife,familyand④_____(friend),hefoundthewilltoliveagain.Inordertorecover⑤_____(quick),heengagedinarangeofexercisesdesigned⑥_____(rebuild)muscle.Shortlyafter,hemanagedtoreturn

⑦_(dá)____hisfilmcareer.⑧_____(he)positiveattitudeinspiredmanypeople⑨werestuckinillness.Hewill⑩_____(remember)asasuperheroforever.答案：1.答案：④①②⑤③2.答案：④②③①3.答案：②①④③4.答案：②①④③5.答案：⑤③②①④6.答案：名詞短語(yǔ)；直接賓語(yǔ)7.答案：副詞短語(yǔ)；狀語(yǔ)8.答案：名詞短語(yǔ)；表語(yǔ)9.答案：starred;visiting;However;friends;quickly;torebuild;to;His;who/that;beremembered解析：①考查一般過(guò)去時(shí)。句意：從1978年到1987年，克里斯托弗?里夫主演了四部《超人》電影。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)是一個(gè)過(guò)去的時(shí)間段，所以此處用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。②考查動(dòng)名詞。句意:他利用業(yè)余時(shí)間去醫(yī)院看望患病兒童以及做許多其他好事。spendtimeindoingsth.為固定搭配，故填visiting。③考查副詞。句意：然而，他在騎馬時(shí)從馬上墜落，摔斷了脖子。前后句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，因此用However。④考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：由于他的妻子、家人和朋友的支持，他找到了重新生活的意愿。他的朋友不止一個(gè)人，且空前無(wú)限定詞，因此應(yīng)填復(fù)數(shù)形式friends。⑤考查副詞。句意:為了快速恢復(fù)，他參加了一系列為重建肌肉而設(shè)計(jì)的鍛煉。設(shè)空處修飾動(dòng)詞recover,因此用副詞形式quickly。⑥考查不定式。這些鍛煉的設(shè)計(jì)是為了重建肌肉。此處表示目的應(yīng)用不定式。⑦考查介詞。句意：不久之后，他設(shè)法回到了他的電影事業(yè)。returnto回到……。⑧考查代詞。句意:他的積極的態(tài)度鼓舞了很多疾病纏身的人。修飾名詞用形容詞性物主代詞，故填His。⑨考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意:他的積極的態(tài)度鼓舞了很多疾病纏身的人。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞people,且在從句中作主語(yǔ)，故用who或that。⑩考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意:他將永遠(yuǎn)被銘記，作為一個(gè)超級(jí)英雄。主語(yǔ)和remember之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，由前面的will可知，此處應(yīng)填beremembered。

能力提升能力提升Ⅰ.寫(xiě)出畫(huà)線部分屬于什么短語(yǔ)及其在句中所作成分1．Heismy_best_friend.(屬于________；在句中作________)2．Thebottleisfull_of_water.(屬于________；在句中作________)3．Heisavery_carefulworker.(屬于________；在句中作________)4．The_yellow_houseisforsale.(屬于________；在句中作________)5．Weconsiderhima_good_teacher.(屬于________；在句中作________)6．Ifindtheproblemreally_confusing.(屬于________；在句中作________)7．Much_interested,heagreedtogiveitatry.(屬于________；在句中作________)8．Ineedsome_interesting_Chinese_story_books.(屬于________；在句中作________)9．Pauldoesn’thavetobemadetolearn.Healwaysworksvery_hard.(屬于________；在句中作________)10．HarvardUniversityisone_of_the_most_famous_universities_in_the_United_States.(屬于________；在句中作________)【答案】1.名詞短語(yǔ)；表語(yǔ)2.形容詞短語(yǔ)；表語(yǔ)3．形容詞短語(yǔ)；定語(yǔ)4.名詞短語(yǔ)；主語(yǔ)5.名詞短語(yǔ)；賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)6.形容詞短語(yǔ)；賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)7.形容詞短語(yǔ)；狀語(yǔ)8.名詞短語(yǔ)；賓語(yǔ)9.副詞短語(yǔ)；狀語(yǔ)10．名詞短語(yǔ)；表語(yǔ)Ⅱ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Hecanspeakseverallanguages______(expert),sohefeelsveryproud.2．Ifyouwanttobeanexplorer,youmustbe______(adventure)．3．Shedoeswell______maths,soIoftenturntoherforhelpinmaths.4．WhatisimportantinlearningEnglishisthatyoushouldpractise______(use)itveryoften.5．IhavebeenlearningEnglishforelevenyearsbutmy______(speak)Englishispoor.6．Whenweshowrespectforothers,wewintherespectofthemat______sametime.7．Inmy______(young),myambitionhadbeentobeaninventor.8．Overfiftyboyscametotryout______thefootballteam.9．Ihavetowashallthe______(plate)andthingsaftermeals.10．Sinceyouhavepreparedwell,let’sget______(start)now.【答案】1.expertly2.adventurous3.in4.using5．spoken6.the7.youth8.for9.plates10．started培優(yōu)拔尖培優(yōu)拔尖Ⅰ.閱讀理解Returns&RefundGuaranteeThe“Returns&RefundGuarantee”isapromiseprovidedbysellersforeveryitemtheysellonDH.Whenyoureceiveanitemthatwasboughtandpaidforonoursite,andyoufinditisnotasdescribedorisoflowquality,youcancontactthesellertoresolvetheseproblems.DHgatewillofferadditionalassistanceifthesellerisnotcooperative.ScopeThefollowingpointsshouldnotbeincludedinthe“Returns&RefundGuarantee”：▲Thesellerdidn’tmakeanypromise.▲Thesellercanprovideevidencetoprovetheitemsareasdescribed.▲Youdidn’tcontactthesellerwithinthepromisedtime.▲YouhavereleasedthepaymenttothesellerbeforeaskingDHgateforhelp.Sellersareabletosetupthefollowingpromises：ReturningitemsforanyreasonBuyerscanreturnitemsforarefundwithinaspecificdatewhichhasbeensetupbysellers,suchas3days,and7daysfromthedaywhentheitemsarereceived.Theitems’receivingdateisthedatethatisindicatedontheshippingcarrier’sofficialwebsite.Buyersshouldprepayanyreturnshippingcost,whichwillbegivenbacktothebuyersafterthesellerreceivestheitemsaslongastheitemsarereturnedinthesameexactconditionaswhentheyweredelivered.ReturnsorRefundsacceptediftheproducthasqualityissues.Buyerscanreturntheitemsforarefundwhentheyarenotasdescribedorpossessqualityissuesbycommunicatingdirectlywiththeseller.Thesellerisresponsibleforthereturnshippingcost.Buyerscangetarefundandkeeptheitemswhentheitemsarenotasdescribedorpossessqualityissuesbynegotiatingdirectlywithsellers.()1.WhocangetadditionalassistancefromDHgateintheguarantee?A．Thebuyersinphysicalstores.B．ThebuyersonDH.C．ThesellersonDH.D．Boththebuyersandthesellers.()2.Whichsituationiswithinthescopeoftheguarantee?A．Thesellerdidn’tmakeanypromise.B．Thebuyerhaspaidthesellerinadvance.C．Thebuyeraskedforhelpwithinthepromisedtime.D．Thesellerprovesthatthereisnothingwrongwiththeitem.()3.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Notallthesellersmakepromises.B．DHgatesometimeswillpaythebuyers.C．Sellersshouldprepayreturnshippingcost.D．Thebuyercan’tkeeptheitemsaftergettingarefund.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了DHgate上的“退貨和退款保證”。1．B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞“additionalassistance”定位到第一段尾句。依據(jù)此句可知，如果賣(mài)方不合作，DHgate將給買(mǎi)方提供額外的協(xié)助。故選B。2．C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)Scope部分中的“Youdidn’tcontactthesellerwithinthepromisedtime.”可知，與此情況相反時(shí)是在保證范圍內(nèi)的，即買(mǎi)家在承諾期限內(nèi)求助是可以享受保證服務(wù)的。故選C。3．A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Scope部分中的第一條“Thesellerdidn’tmakeanypromise”可知，賣(mài)方?jīng)]有做出承諾時(shí)不包括在退貨退款保證范圍內(nèi)，據(jù)此可推知，不是所有賣(mài)方都做出承諾。故選A?！镩喿x加油站returnv．/n.退貨refundv．/n.退款shippingcost郵費(fèi)contactv．/n.聯(lián)系Whenyoureceiveanitemthatwasboughtandpaidforonoursite,andyoufinditisnotasdescribedorisoflowquality,youcancontactthesellertoresolvetheseproblems.當(dāng)您收到在我們網(wǎng)站上購(gòu)買(mǎi)并付款的商品時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)與描述不符或質(zhì)量低劣時(shí)，您可以聯(lián)系賣(mài)家解決這些問(wèn)題。Ⅱ.用所學(xué)名詞短語(yǔ)、形容詞短語(yǔ)和副詞短語(yǔ)的知識(shí)擴(kuò)展畫(huà)線部分DearJason，I’mhappytohearfromyouandknowaboutLondon.NowI’dliketotellyousomethingaboutQuanzhou.Quanzhouisa_plac