2022版新高考英語人教版一輪學案：必修5Unit1Greatscientists

PAGE1-□characteristicn.□paintern.□analysevt.□infectvt.□infectiousadj.□physiciann.□deadlyadj.□outbreakn.□victimn.□enquiryn.□neighbourhoodn.□severeadj.□cluen．□pumpn．&vt.□investigatevt.&vi.□investigationn.□fireworkn.□chartn.□creativeadj.□co-operativeadj.□revolutionaryadj.□movementn.□backwardadv.&adj.□privatelyadv.□universen．1．(2020·浙江卷)Whenmymothersawmycreations，shetoldmehowcreativemydesignswere. 作品；創(chuàng)作2．(2018·全國卷Ⅰ)Oneverysinglemoveyouhavetoanalyzeasituation，processwhatyouropponentisdoingandevaluatethebestmovefromamongallyouroptions. (棋子的)移動；走棋3．(2016·全國卷Ⅱ)Hisconstructionsfilledashelfintheartclassroomandagoodpartofhisbedroomathome. 制成物；作品4．(全國卷Ⅲ)Attheevents,youcanmeetexpertgrowersanddiscusswhichoneswillbestsuityourconditions. 專業(yè)的[單詞拼寫·運用]核心單詞語境運用1．defeatvt.打?。粦?zhàn)勝；使受挫n.失敗2．expertadj.熟練的；經(jīng)驗或知識豐富的n．專家；行家3．a(chǎn)ttendvt.照顧；護理；出席；參加4．a(chǎn)bsorbvt.吸收；吸引；使專心5．blamevt.責備；譴責n．過失；責備6．linkvt.&n.連接；聯(lián)系7．positiveadj.積極的；肯定的；確實的8．enthusiasticadj.熱情的；熱心的9．foreseevt.預(yù)見；預(yù)知10．handlen．柄；把手vt.處理；操縱11．curen．治愈；痊愈vt.治愈；治療12．exposevt.暴露；揭露；使曝光13．suspectvt.認為；懷疑n．被懷疑者；嫌疑犯用所給詞的適當形式填空。1．(2019·全國卷Ⅱ)Thesekidsaresoabsorbed(absorb)intheirstudiesthatIjustsitback.2．Suspecting(suspect)thetravellerofcarryingdrugs，theCustomsofficialstoppedhimandlethimopenhissuitcase，butfoundnothingatall.3．Fewanalystsforesaw(foresee)thatoilpriceswouldrisesoquicklyinashorttime.4．Hesaidhewasenthusiastic(enthusiasm)aboutChineseandaskedmetofindhimsomebooksspeciallyintendedforChinesebeginners.派生單詞語境運用1．challengen．挑戰(zhàn)vt.向……挑戰(zhàn)→challengingadj.挑戰(zhàn)性的2．cautionn．小心；警告→cautiousadj.小心的；謹慎的3．pollutevt.污染；弄臟→pollutionn．污染4．instructvt.命令；指示；教導→instructionn．說明；傳授→instructions(pl.)用法說明；指示；命令5．concludevt.&vi.結(jié)束；推斷出→conclusionn．結(jié)論；結(jié)束6．contributevt.&vi.捐獻；貢獻；捐助；投稿→contributionn．貢獻7．rejectvt.拒絕；不接受；拋棄→rejectionn．拒絕；拋棄8．sciencen．科學→scientificadj.科學的→scientistn．科學家9．a(chǎn)nnouncevt.宣布；通告→announcementn．通知；宣告10．certainadj.確實的；肯定的→certaintyn．確信；確實→certainlyadv.確定；肯定11．constructvt.建設(shè)；修建→constructionn．建設(shè)；建筑物12．responsibleadj.有責任的；負責的→responsibilityn．責任；負責用所給詞的適當形式填空。1．Itwasconcludedthathedidn'ttellusthetruth.Icametotheconclusionthathelied.(conclude)2．Shehascontributedalotofmoneytotheschoolandshehasmadeagreatcontributiontoeducation.(contribute)3．ThegreatbridgeunderconstructionisdesignedbyChineseengineersanditwilltakeaboutayeartoconstructthelargebridge.(construct)4．IwasboredwithmyjobandfeltIneededanewchallenge．LastweekIgotanewjobinabigfirm,andIfounditverychallenging．(challenge)5．Inclass,ourEnglishteacherofteninstructsustoimproveourreadingabilityandhisinstructionmakesadifferencetoourEnglishlearning.(instruct)6．Theriverispollutedandnoiseisanotherkindofseriouspollutionhere.(pollute)[短語理解·運用]高頻短語語境運用1．putforward提出2．drawaconclusion得出結(jié)論3．beenthusiasticabout對……熱心；熱衷于4．makesense講得通；有意義5．(be)strictwith...對……嚴格的6．slowdown慢下來7．a(chǎn)partfrom除……之外；此外8．link...to...將……和……聯(lián)系起來9．underconstruction在建設(shè)中10．becautiousabout小心……填入一個適當?shù)脑~。Anopinionwasput①forwardtwoyearsagothatabridgebebuilttolinkthisisland②tothemainland.Butsomeexpertswarnedthelocalgovernmenttobecautious③aboutthepotentialrisks,addingthat④itmadelittlesensetospendalargesumofmoneymakingsuchabridge.However,theislanderswereenthusiastic⑤abouttheopinion.Thebridgecouldpromotethelocaleconomyapart⑥fromtheconvenienceitwouldbringtothem.Nowthebridgeis⑦underconstruction,butthebuildersarerequiredtoslow⑧downtheconstructionspeechtomakesureeverydetailisperfect.[句式辨識·運用]教材原句背誦句式結(jié)構(gòu)仿寫1．everytime作連詞，引導時間狀語從句Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedeverytimetherewasanoutbreak.每次在一天結(jié)束時他回到家，我們都在門口迎接他。Everytimehearrivedhomeattheendoftheday，we'dgreethimatthedoor.2．havesth.done使某事被做……Awoman，whohadmovedawayfromBroadStreet，likedthewaterfromthepumpsomuchthatshehaditdeliveredtoherhouseeveryday.別擔心，他將會盡力按時完成工作的。Thereisnoneedtoworry.Hewilltrytohavehisworkfinishedontime.3．only＋狀語從句置于句首的倒裝句Onlyifyouputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesense.只有你找到內(nèi)心的平靜你才能和他人相處得好。Onlywhenyoucanfindpeaceinyourheartwillyougeton/alongwellwithothers.1．concludevt.&vi.斷定；推斷出；結(jié)束；終止(1)concludeeq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(sth.fromsth.,fromsth.that...))從……中推斷出……conclude...with...以……結(jié)束……(2)conclusionn．結(jié)論；結(jié)束draw/cometo/arriveat/reachaconclusion得出結(jié)論makeaconclusion下結(jié)論inconclusion最后；作為結(jié)論地；總之concludeabargain成交；達成協(xié)議concludehisspeechbywishingeveryoneasafetriphome他以祝大家歸途平安結(jié)束了講話[基礎(chǔ)練習]——單句語法填空①Whenthegroupdiscussionisnearingitsend,makesuretoconcludeitwithimportantpoints.②Inconclusion,Ilikeeverythinginspring,especiallythefeelingsbathedintherainandsunshine.③(2019·全國卷Ⅰ)Whenhebringshisspeechtoaniceconclusion(conclude),Whaleyinvitestherestoftheclasstopraisehim.[鏈接寫作]——一句多譯(2019·北京卷·滿分作文)我從我自己的經(jīng)歷中得出結(jié)論：用自己的雙手勞動很重要。①Idrew/cameto/reachedaconclusionfrommyownexperiencesthatitisimportanttoworkwithourownhands.(conclusion)②Iconcludedfrommyownexperiencesthatitisimportanttoworkwithourownhands.(conclude)2．exposevt.暴露；揭露；使曝光；使面臨expose...to...使……顯露/暴露于/接觸到……(be)exposedto...暴露于……；處于……危險中exposeoneselftocriticism使自己遭受批評beexposedtothewindandrain任由風吹雨打exposethekidstoasmuchartandcultureaspossible讓孩子盡量多地接受藝術(shù)和文化的熏陶[基礎(chǔ)練習]——單句語法填空①Iamrepeatedlyexposedtothebasicwordsandlearnhowtheyareusedtoexplainobjectsandideas.②Ifexposed(expose)totheoutsidesurroundings，they'llbestrongerandbetterpreparedfortheirfuture.③a．Beingexposed/Exposure(expose)toadvertisementsconstantlycanhelptochangeouropinionsovertime.b．Exposing(expose)ourselvestoadvertisementsconstantlycanhelptochangeouropinionsovertime.[鏈接寫作]——完成句子/句式升級①(普通表達)Ifyouexposeyourselfto(把自己暴露在)thesunlightfortoolong,youwillgetyourskinharmed.②(高級表達)Exposingyourselftothesunlightfortoolong,youwillgetyourskinharmed.(現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語)③(高級表達)Exposedtothesunlightfortoolong,youwillgetyourskinharmed.(過去分詞短語作狀語)3．a(chǎn)bsorbvt.吸收；吸引；使專心；并入，吞并；理解，掌握[高考原句·2020·新高考全國卷Ⅰ]Infact,mostpeopleonlyabsorbabout20percentofaspeaker'smessage.(1)absorbone'sattention吸引某人的注意力(2)absorbedadj.精神集中的beabsorbedin專心致志于；全神貫注于(3)absorbingadj.十分吸引人的；引人入勝的absorbknowledge吸收知識absorblightandheat吸收光和熱bedeeplyabsorbedinwork專注于工作[基礎(chǔ)練習]——單句語法填空①Whensomethingdidinterestme,Icouldbecomeabsorbed(absorb)．②Goaroundthehall，andyou'llfindotherexhibitsequallyabsorbing(absorb)．③Whendeeplyabsorbed(absorb)inwork,whichheoftenwas,hewouldforgetallabouteatingorsleeping.[鏈接寫作]——完成句子/句式升級①(普通表達)Tomwasabsorbedinhiswork(工作很投入),soheforgottoinformmeofthetimeofthemeeting.②(高級表達)Absorbinghimselfinhiswork,Tomforgottoinformmeofthetimeofthemeeting.(現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語)③(高級表達)Absorbedinhiswork,Tomforgottoinformmeofthetimeofthemeeting.(過去分詞短語作狀語)[名師點津]beabsorbedinsth.結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作狀語、定語時，常用其過去分詞形式absorbedin...。類似的結(jié)構(gòu)還有：belostin...陷入……，專心致志于……；becaughtin...被困在……；beburiedin...埋頭于……；bedevotedto...致力于……，專心于……；beoccupiedin/with...忙于……；beinvolvedin...專注于……。4．blamevt.責備；譴責；把……歸咎于n．過失；責備[高考原句·2019·北京卷]Whoistoblamefortheproblemofrobocalls?(1)blamesb.forsth.因某事而責備某人blamesth.onsb.把某事歸咎于某人身上betoblame(for...)應(yīng)承擔責任；該受責備(2)taketheblamefor...＝beresponsiblefor...對……負責puttheblameforsth.onsb.把某事歸咎于某人身上beartheblame承擔責任blamemyselfforcarelessness責備自己粗心大意blamethefailureonothers把失敗歸咎于他人blametheaccidentondangerousdriving把事故原因歸咎于危險駕駛[基礎(chǔ)練習]——單句語法填空①Onceyouformthehabitofblamingsomebodyorsomethingelseforabadsituation,youarealoser.②Lotsofpeoplefindithardtogetupinthemorning,andputtheblameonthealarmclock.③Itwastheprofessorratherthanhisassistantthatwastoblame(blame)forwhathadhappenedinthelab.[鏈接寫作]——一句多譯因為學校電腦網(wǎng)絡(luò)的崩潰被指責，Alice的情緒很低落。①Alicewasinlowspiritsbecauseshewasblamedforthebreakdownoftheschoolcomputernetwork.(狀語從句)②Blamedforthebreakdownoftheschoolcomputernetwork,Alicewasinlowspirits.(過去分詞短語作狀語)[名師點津]betoblameforsth.意為“應(yīng)為某事負責或受指責”，其中不定式用主動形式表示被動含義。5．contributevt.&vi.捐獻；貢獻；捐助；導致；投稿[高考原句·2019·浙江卷]Manyfactorscontributedtothedecline,saidPatrickMcIntyre,anecologistwhowastheleadauthorofthestudy.(1)contributeto有助于；促成；為……做貢獻contribute...to/towards...向……捐獻……；向……投稿(2)contributionn.貢獻makeacontributionto/makecontributionsto對……做出貢獻contributemoneytotheschool為學校捐款contributeone'sshare盡自己的一份力量contributeanumberofarticlestothemagazine給這家雜志投了很多稿thecontributionofmoneytocharity慈善捐款[基礎(chǔ)練習]——單句語法填空①(2020·天津卷)...lonelinessisaserioussocialproblemthatcancontributetodepressionandevencrimes...②Itismoremeaningfultocontributebooksandsportsgoodstochildreninneed.③(2020·江蘇卷)Wilsonreceivedseveralinternationalawardsforhisgreatcontributions(contribute).[鏈接寫作]——完成句子/句式升級①(普通表達)Hemadesuchagreatcontributionto(做出如此大的貢獻)theuniversitythatthenewlibrarywasnamedafterhim.②(高級表達)Suchagreatcontributiondidhemaketotheuniversitythatthenewlibrarywasnamedafterhim.(倒裝句)6．putforward提出(建議)；推薦；將……提前；將(鐘表等)向前撥putaside節(jié)?。粌π?；儲存；留出putaway放好；積蓄putoff延期；推遲putout熄滅；生產(chǎn)putup舉起；張貼；建立；提供食宿putupwith容忍；忍受putthrough接通電+話；完成；使經(jīng)受putdown放下；寫下[基礎(chǔ)練習]——寫出下列句中putforward的含義①Beforewecarriedouttheplan,variousideashadbeenputforwardbymyclassmates. 提出②Ithinkheisfitfortheposition；therefore，I'llputhimforwardasacandidate. 推薦③Theyhaveputforwardthedateoftheirweddingbyoneweek. 將……提前[鏈接寫作]——完成句子①鼓勵孩子們存下一部分零花錢來購買新年禮物。EncouragechildrentoputasidesomeoftheirpocketmoneytobuyNewYearpresents.②瑪麗真的很擅長在課堂上做筆記。她幾乎能記下老師說的每一句話。Maryisreallygoodattakingnotesinclass.Shecanputdownalmosteverywordherteachersaid.7．makesense有意義；有道理；講得通[高考原句·2020·江蘇卷]Thetinyshopsmadeeconomicsense,accordingtoRobertKerr,afounderofLoveFone.(1)makesenseof了解……的意義；懂得inasense在某種意義上commonsense常識innosense決不(用在句首時，句子用部分倒裝)(2)Thereisnosenseindoingsth.(口語)做某事是沒有道理的[基礎(chǔ)練習]——單句語法填空①See,yourcomputerhasbrokendownagain！Itdoesn'tmakesensetobuy(buy)thecheapestbrandofcomputerjusttosaveafewdollars.②There'snosenseindrawing(draw)aconclusionwithoutenoughevidence.③Innosenseshouldyouloseheart;keeptryingandyoureffortwillpayoffintime.[鏈接寫作]——詞匯升級(普通表達)TherearesomanynewwordsinthepassagethatIcouldhardlyunderstandthematall.(高級表達)TherearesomanynewwordsinthepassagethatIcouldhardlymakesenseofthematall.8．[教材佳句P2]Neitheritscausenoritscurewasunderstood.人們既不知道其起因，也不知道它的治療方法。[句法句式]句中neither...nor...“既不……也不……”，連接句中兩個相同成分，連接主語時，謂語動詞遵循就近一致原則。就近一致的并列連詞—eq\b\lc\|(\a\vs4\al\co1(→either...or...不是……就是……,→notonly...butalso...,不僅……而且……,→not...but...不是……而是……))[基礎(chǔ)練習]——單句語法填空①(2019·全國卷Ⅱ)Withoutmotivation,youcanneithersetagoalnorreachit.②Neithertheteachernorhisstudentswere(be)invitedtoattendthismeetingtheotherday.③Eitheryouoroneofyourstudentsis(be)toattendthemeetingthatisduetomorrow.[鏈接寫作]——句式升級(普通表達)Henrywon'tgotothecinematonight.HisgirlfriendHelenwon't,either.(高級表達)NeitherHenrynorhisgirlfriendHelenwillgotothecinematonight.(neither...nor...)夯基固本——基礎(chǔ)強化Ⅰ.用所給詞的正確形式填空。1．Iffrequentlyexposed(expose)toloudmusic，peoplemayriskgoingdeaf.2．Thereisnosenseincomplaining(complain)．Weshouldtakeactionnow.3．Absorbed(absorb)inherwork,shedidn'trealizeitwastimeforhertopickupherdaughter.4．Wediscussedtheproblemmanytimes,butstillcouldnotcometoaconclusion(conclude)．5．NeithermywifenorImyselfwas(be)abletopersuademydaughtertochangehermindandfinallyshejoinedinthegame.Ⅱ.在空白處填入一個適當?shù)脑~。1．Don'talwaysblameyourfailureonothers.Youshouldtaketheblameforthefailure.2．Heconcludedfromhisinvestigationthatequalitybetweenthesexesisstillalongwaytogo.3．Somepeoplethinkweshouldn'texposethechildrentocomputergames.4．LocatedwheretheBeltmeetstheRoad,JiangsuwillcontributemoretotheBeltandRoadconstruction.5．ItwasStephenHawkingthatputforwardatheoryaboutblackholes.查缺補漏——知識拾遺Ⅰ.用所給詞的正確形式填空。1．Alwaysreadtheinstructions(instruction)onthebottlecarefullyandtaketherightamountofmedicine.2．ManyChinesebrands,havingdevelopedtheirreputationsovercenturies,arefacingnewchallenges(challenge)fromthemodernmarket.3．Asnobodyhereknowswhatiswrongwiththemachine,wemustsendforanengineertohandle(handle)theproblem.4．It'sreportedthattheastronautswillcarryoutaseriesofscientific(science)experimentsinspace.5．Tomsuddenlyfaintedwhileattending(attend)hisfriend'sweddinglastweek.Ⅱ.在空白處填入一個適當?shù)脑~。1．(2018·天津卷)Thetrainingschedule,apartfromregulartraining,includesjoininginavarietyofactivities,suchasparticipatinginsomenationalcompetitions.2．Theundergroundisunderconstructionhereatpresentandwillbecompletedin2022．3．Thedetectivewasthreatenedbystrangerswhenhelookedintothecase.4．Weshouldsetout/offearlyinordertogetthereontime.5．Thankstotheeffortoftheexpert,hewascuredoftheterriblediseasesuccessfully.強技提能——語言應(yīng)用Ⅰ.語法填空短文中黑體部分為本單元核心知識點，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式，并背誦該短文。TedandIliveinthesameneighborhood.Hedoes1．construction(construct)work.Lastmonthhedevelopedaseveredisease.Anexpertphysician,Dr.David,wascalledintoattendtohim.David,veryenthusiastic,wasgoodat2．handling(handle)difficultcases,butthiscasewas3．a(chǎn)challenge.Aftercarefulenquiryhesuspectedthatthepaintwas4．toblame(blame),buttherewasnopositiveevidence.Heabsorbed5．himself(he)inanalyzingthecollecteddata6．cautiously(cautious),findingthattherewasalinkbetweenthedisease7．a(chǎn)ndTed'sworkingenvironment.Davidthenconcludedthat8．beingex