2020年北京市中考英語試題及答案

北京市2020年高級中等學(xué)校招生考試英語姓名準(zhǔn)考證號考場號座位號.考生須知1.本試卷共10頁，共五道大題，39道小題，滿分60分，考試時間90分鐘2.在試卷和草稿紙上準(zhǔn)確填寫姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號、考場號和座位號。3.試題答案一律填涂或書寫在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效。4.在答題卡上，選擇題用2B鉛筆作答，其他試題用黑色字跡簽字筆作答。5.考試結(jié)束，請將本試卷、答題卡和草稿紙一并交回。知識運用(共14分)一、單項填空(共6分，每小題0.5分)從下面各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選擇可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Mr.Jacksonisapopularwriter，andwealllikereadingbooks.A.his B.her C.their D.yourUsuallyImakebreakfastformyfamilySaturdays.A.at B.in C.on D.to3.Washyourhandsbeforemeals，youmaygetill.A.and B.but C.or D.so4.—yougivemeahand?Ican'tmovetheboxbymyself—Noproblem.A.Could B.Should C.Must D.Need5.—doyouvisityourgrandparents，Tom?—Twiceamonth.A.Howmuch B.Howoften C.Howlong D.HowsoonZhaozhouBridgeisoneofstonebridgesintheworldA.old B.older C.oldest D.theoldestIfyoutakethistrain，youinShanghaiinfivehours.A.arrive B.willarrive C.arrived D.havearrivedIonthecomputerwhenFrankcalledmelastnightA.work B.willwork C.wasworking D.amworkingWeeachothersinceIcametoBeing，butwesendemailsveryoften.A.don'tsee B.didn'tsee C.won'tsee D.haven'tseen10.—What'sthatnoise，Sam?—Mylittlebrotherwithhistoycarnow.A.willplay B.isplaying C.plays D.played11.ThekiteinChinamorethan2,000yearsago.A.invents B.invented C.isinvented D.wasinvented12.—Doyouknow?—At9:00tomorrowmorning.A.whenthevideomeetingbeganB.whendidthevideomeetingbeginC.whenthevideomeetingwillbeginD.whenwillthevideomeetingbegin完形填空(共8分，每小題1分)閱讀下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選擇最佳選項。Attheendofmyfirstyearofhighschool，IrealizedIneededtofindasummerjob.Iwastiredofhavingtoaskmyparentsfor13.Iwantedtogototheshoppingcenterormovieswithfriendswithouthavingtoaskfor$20frommyparents.IimaginedhavingajobatastoreoratasummercampwhereIcouldplaygameswithchildren.Butwhatactuallyhappenedwas14.TheonlyjobImanagedtofindwascleaninguptablesatalocalrestaurant.Atfirst，theideaofclearingtablesupsetme.Thethoughtofgettingupatdawn(黎明)togocleanupafterpeoplemademe15everaskingforajob.Thefirstdaywasterriblybusy.Iwasrunningaround，racingtogetatablereadyforthewaitingcustomers.I'llneverforgethow16Ifeltthatday，butI'llalsoneverforgetsittingdownforlunchwithmyco-workersforthefirsttime.Peoplemyageortenyearsolderallsattogetherandtalkedabouttheirdays.AllofasuddenIwasapartofthat，anditfeltgoodtobeso17.I'venowworkedattherestaurantforalmostoneyear.I'velearnedtobehappyaboutgettingupsoearly，becauseIknowthere'regoingtobeafewgood18everydaythere.Fromstartingthereasashystudent，I'vebeenabletogrowintoapersonthatcangoupand 19 anyone，atworkoranywhereelse.I'malsonotassensitive(敏感的)asIusedtobe-gettinganimpolitecustomermightmakemefeelbad，butverysoonIcanlaughitoffwithmyco-workers.Thelittlejobhasgivenmesomuch，andIcan'twaittogobackandcontinueto 20 frommyexperience.13.A.food B.money C.attention D.advice14.A.exciting B.encouraging C.confusing D.disappointing15.A.forget B.enjoy C.regret D.imagine16.A.tired B.happy C.curious D.relaxed17.A.loved B.missed C.needed D.included18.A.dishes B.choices C.moments D.customers19.A.find B.greet C.push D.stop20.A.grow B.stand C.rest D.hide閱讀理解(共36分)三、閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選擇最佳選項。(共26分，每小題2分)AHelpingSeniors(老年人)Posted5/15/204：53PMIcreatedTeensHelpingSeniorswithmyfriends.Thegrouphasabout200volunteers.Thevolunteersdeliverfoodorothersuppliesfortheelderlyintown.Ispendsixtoeighthoursaweekbuyingfoodandmakingdeliveries.Bynowwehavecompleted350deliveriesPosted5/15/206：25PMIorganizedMittlerSeniorTechnology，aprogramtohelptheelderlylearnhowtousecomputersandsmartphones.Nowthereare50localseniorsintheweeklytechnologyclasses.Iwanttomakesurethattheseniorscouldstayconnectedtotheworld.Posted5/16/205:20PMIcameupwithawaytohelplonelyseniorswithmyfriends.WecallittheJoy4AllProject.Bydialing569-4255,theelderlycanhearpre-recordedjokesandpoems.Thehotlinehasreceivedmorethan1,800phonecalls.Posted5/16/207:46PMIheardthattheseniorsinthenursinghomecouldn’tseetheirfamiliesandfriendsveryoften,somyfriendsandIdecidedtocheeruptheelderlybywritingthemletters,Wewantthemtoknowthatnobodyisbeingforgotten.Bynowmorethan100studentsinmyschoolhavejoinedus.21.WhocreatedTeensHelpingSeniors?A.Kathy. B.Linda. C.Jordan. D.Matt.22.Howmanylocalseniorsarethereintheweeklytechnologyclasses?A.50. B.100. C.200. D.350.23.Tohelptheelderlyinthenursinghome,Kathyandherschoolmates_________.A.taughtthemhowtousecomputersB.recordedjokesandpoemforthemC.wrotethemletterstocheerthemupD.deliveredfoodorothersuppliesforthemBADayattheNatureCenterEmmastared(凝視)sadlyoutofthewindowofthebus.Only50milesoutsidetownwasthefarm.Shethoughtaboutthefarmallthetime,especiallytheanimals.Whenherfamilysoldthefarmandmovedtonearbytown,Emmawasexcited.Butwhenshegottothenewschool,shefeltverylonely.Withasigh(嘆氣),Emmaturnedherattentionbacktothepresent.Thebuscametoastop.“WelcometotheLeinweberNatureCenter,”herteachersaid.“Aguidewillgiveusapresentationaboutanimals,andthenyou’llhelptofeedthebabysquirrels,now,Iwanteveryonetofindapartner.”Emmadidn’thaveanyfriendsyet—whowouldbeherpartner?EmmagotclosetoJulia,atalkativeandoutgoinggirl.“CouldIbeyourpartner?”Emmaaskeduncertainly.“Sure,”saidJuliawarmly.Together,thegirlswalkedintothecenter.Afterthepresentation,akeepershowedthemhowtoholdthebottleofmilkforbabysquirrels.Thenthegirlsstartedtofeedtheirownbabysquirrels.Afterthebabiesfinishedeating,thekeeperasked,“Wouldyouliketohelpfeedtheadultsquirrels,too?”Emmawasquicktovolunteer,butwhenthekeeperopenedthefirstcage,thesquirrelinsidejumpedout.Emmaremainedcalm(鎮(zhèn)靜的)，heldoutherhand,madequietsounds,andthenquicklygotit.“Wow!”Juliasaid.“You’realwayssoquiet,Ithoughtyouwereafraidofeverything,butyouwerebrave.”“Iknowthatwhenanimalsarefrightenedorexcited,youhavetostaycalm.”ThekeepernoddedinagreementandaskedEmma,“Wouldyoubeinterestedinvolunteeringtohelpoutwiththeanimalsatthecenter?”“Interested?Iwouldlovetoworkhere!Whatanopportunity!”Emmawasexcited.Thatafternoon,inthebusonthewaybacktoschool,EmmasatnexttoJulia,hernewfriend.Arushofnewfoundhappinesswashedoverher.24.HowdidEmmafeelwhenshegottothenewschool?A.Lonely. B.Lucky. C.Surprised. D.Angry.25.Atthenaturecenter,EmmaandJulia_______.A.tookachancetobetourguidesB.helpedtofeedthebabysquirrelsC.askedthekeepermanyquestionsD.madeapresentationaboutnature26.Onthewaybacktoschool,Emmafelthappybecause_______.A.thevolunteerswarmlywelcomedherB.theteacherpraisedherforherbraveryC.shefoundaplacetocareforanimalsandmadeafriendD.shewentbacktothefarmandlearnedalotaboutanimalsCTherearemillionsofrecipes(菜譜)hiddenintheboxesandheartsofgrandmotherandparents.Thesefamilyrecipesareaspecialpartofourfamilyhistory.Someofthemhavebeenpasseddownfromgeneration(一代人)togeneration."IrealizedIcouldn'tgohomeeveryweekendformymom'sdeliciousdishes,"saysShreya,whoisabouttoenteruniversity.Shreyahasrecentlystartedfollowinghermotheraroundthekitchen,takingnotesonhowtomakeher"masalachai"andtastykachoris."Thosespecialtastescanimmediatelyunlockawholefloodofemotions,memoriesandfeelingsoffamily,love,andcomfort,"saysshe.Sheadds,"Iamlookingtothedaywhenmykidswillcometoknowoftheirgrandmothersthroughthedishestheycooked."Butmanyofusfinditdifficulttokeepthefoodconnectionwithourbusylife.Evenifwehavetime,notmanyofustaketheefforttocollectandrecordtherecipesfromourgrandmothersandparents.Weoftengetarecipeonthephoneandtakeitdownquicklyonapieceofpaper.Wejuststickitontothefridgeforaweekortwoandforgetaboutitassoonasthepaperdisappearsfromthere.Actually，therearesimplewaystokeepfamilyrecipes，Scrapbooks（剪貼薄）areeasilyfoundinthemarket.Youcanevenaddphotostorecordeverydetailofyourmemoriesabouttherecipe.WiththehelpofsomepopularappslikeStoryScans,recordingfamilyrecipeshasneverbeeneasier.Whatisneededistoscan（掃描）therecipesandrecordthestorybehindeachofthem.Itcanbecomethemostmeaningfulworkyouhaveeverdonewithandforyourfamily.Keepingfamilyrecipesissavingandhonoringourtraditionsothatfuturegenerationscancontinuetomakefamilytiesstronger.Everytimeyourememberyourlovedones,recreateoneofthedishesfromyourcollectionandletthememoriesfromthegoodolddayscomfortyou.Sowhynotgiftyourkidsafamilyrecipebookwhentheyarestartinganewlife?27.WhydoesShreyafollowhermotheraroundthekitchen?A.Tocleanupthekitchen. B.Tonotedownrecipes.B.Topreparefamilydinners. D.Totalkaboutfamilyrules.28.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Waystorecordrecipescanbeeasy.B.Mostpeoplelikewritingrecipebooks.C.Recipeshavebecomepopularwithkids.D.Peopleoftenbuyrecipebooksinthemarket.29.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.FamilyRecipes:SecretsofCookingB.FamilyRecipesAreataCrossroadsC.FamilyRecipes:ConnectionstoInterestsD.FamilyRecipesAreMorethanJustRecipesDTodaywecandoeverythingwithapps:paybills，orderfoodandshopforanything.Mobiletechnologymeanswecanholdtheworldinourhands，However,whenitcomestotechnologyandhealthcare，opportunitiesandchallengescomeLet’sstartwiththewaystogethealthcare.Telemedicineaandgetadiagnosis(診斷)andinstructionswithoutleavinghome.Inaddition，therearemanypatientwebsites.Theseallowfordifferentkindsofadatewithdoctorsandreadinglabresultsarereadilyachievedbytechnology.Awholenewageofmedicalcareseemslikely(可能的)tocomeinthefuture.Buteverycoinhastwosides.Whatmightbeontheothersideoftechno-healthcare?Firstly，weshouldthinkaboutthehealthcareexperienceasawhole.Ausualaa，aeeawebsitewillhavesuchintuition.hinvolvedoctors.Thehumantouchshouldnotbeundervaluedandisunlikelytobethereoverthesmartphone.Lastly，testresultscanbedifficulttounderstand.Whensomeonewithoutamedicaldegreeseesaflaggedresultwithnoexplanationonthewebsite，there'sroomforallkindsofstoriestoformintheirminds—andalsogreatworry.Sohowdoesmedicineadapt(適應(yīng))tothenewtechnologyage?Verytalentedhometosendnecessarysignsandheartsoundsthroughtelemedicine.Itseemslikelythatsomecompanieswillfindawaytoexplaintestresults.n——whichwillneverberealizedthroughahuman-lesstechnology.TechnologyshouldaLet'snotallowourhumanitytobeoneofthem.30.Accordingtothepassage,howdoestechnologyhelphealthcare?A.ItencouragesdoctorstovoicetheirneedsonthewebsitesB.ItoffersthepatientaconvenientwaytogetadiagnosisC.Itimprovesrelationsbetweendoctorsandpatients.D.Itprovidesanopportunitytobuildamedicalteam31.Theword“intuition”inParagraph5probablymeans______.A.anabilitytounderstand B.aninterestingexperienceC.achancetowin D.afairdecision32.Whatdoyouknowabouttechno-healthcarefromthepassage?A.Patientwebsitesrequiretrustfromdoctors.B.Talentedcompaniescangivemedicaladvice.C.Flaggedresultsmaycauseworryforpatients.D.Medicalequipmentcollectspatients’stories.33.Thewriterprobablyagreesthat_____.A.technologycandealwithunexpectedeffects.B.telemedicinecantaketheplaceofusualhealthcare.C.itisdifficultforpatientstoadapttothenewtechnologyage.D.techno-healthcareshouldtakehumanityintoconsideration.四、閱讀短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問題。(共10分,每小題2分)This12-year-oldGirlBuiltaRobottoFindPlasticsintheOceanAnnaDuwaswalkingalongthebeachwhenshenoticedplasticsthere.Shereacheddowntopickthemup,andquicklyrealizedthereweremanymoretinypiecesthanshecoulddealwith.Itseemedimpossibletocleanthemallup.Du,12yearsoldatthetime,triedtosolvetheproblemlikeanygoodscientist-first.bydoingalittleresearch.That’showshelearnedthat8milliontonsofplasticsendupintheoceanseveryyear.Thenshegottoworkbuildingsomethingthatcouldhelpsolvetheproblem;aremote-operatedvehicle(遙控潛水器),orROV.HerROVcanmovethroughwaterandfindplasticsontheoceanfloor.TheactuallycoolpartofDu’sROVisthedetection(探測)system.Sheusesacameraalongwiththreedifferentkindsoflighttofindtheplastics.Shealsousesvisible(可見的)lighttofindunnaturalcolorsthatmightmaketheplasticsstandout.“Shehasaverygoodengineeringsensetobreakdownaproblemlikethisandthengoafterit,”saysengineerCaseyMachado.“Itsoundssimple,butit’salevelofthinkingthat’sreallyamazing.”Dustartedattendingpubliceventsandworkshopsatauniversitywhenshewasfiveyearsold,andsoshepickeduptheengineeringskillsnecessarytobuildherROV.ShesaysactuallygettingherROVtomovethroughwaterwellwasnoteasy.Shefailedmanytimes,butshenevergaveuptryingandtesting.Whenaskedaboutfutureplans,shementionswantingtoaddresstheeffectsofclimate(氣候)change.“Ithinktherearealotofproblemsthatcouldbesolvedwithnewinventions,”saysDu.Duthanksherparents,whoforyearshavetakenhertostudentoutreachactivities,forsupportingherinterestinscience,technology,engineeringandmath(STEM).Shesaysshehasbeenabletomeetstudentsandscientiststhere.“IknowIwanttobeanengineerbecauseIlikebuildingthingstohelpsolveworldproblems,”saysDu.“ButI’mnotsurewhatkindofengineerIwanttobeyet.”34.WhatdidAnnaDunoticewhilewalkingalongthebeach?35.HowoldwasDuwhenshedidalittleresearchtosolvetheproblem?36.WhatcanDu’sROVdo?37.WhydoesDu